Abstract: Abstract: Objective To investigate whether the placement of intrauterine device (IUD) can increase the incidence of fallopian tube obstruction. Methods A total of 458 patients with secondary infertility who visited the outpatient clinic between January 2014 and December 2015 were selected for observation group, of which, 246 cases who used IUD in the past but were not pregnant were the IUD group, and 212 cases with no history of using IUD were the control group. According to the medical history of two groups，and based on test results of gynecological routine inspection, mycoplasma (UU), chlamydia (CT), type B ultrasound examination of pelvic cavity and hysterosalpingography (HSG) in two groups, whether the placement of IUD increased the risk of fallopian tube obstructive infertility was comprehensively analyzed. Results There was a higher incidence of reproduction tract infection in patients with fallopian tube obstruction than that in patients without fallopian tube obstruction in IUD group (pelvic infection 32.6% vs. 15.7%， CT 23.9% vs. 9.3%， UU 42.8% vs. 18.5% , vaginitis 36.2% vs. 24.1%， P＜0.05). Results showed that 56.1% (138/248) patients were found fallopian tube obstruction in IUD group, and 63.7% (135/212) in control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05). There were no significant differences in history of uterine cavity operations and incidence of reproductive tract infection between two groups of patients with tubal obstruction（uterine cavity operations 55.8% vs. 45.2%， pelvic infection 32.6% vs. 39.3% ， vaginitis 36.2% vs. 34.1% , CT 23.9% vs. 27.4% ， UU 42.8% vs. 40.7% ，P＞0.05). Conclusion There is no necessary correlation between fallopian tube obstruction and placement of IUD, which therefore will not increase the incidence of fallopian tube obstruction.

Key words: fallopian tubes, fallopian tube obstruction, intrauterine device, reproductive tract infection