Abstract: Abstract: Objective　To investigate the efficacy of rivaroxaban in preventing upper extremity venous thrombosis (UEVT) associated with peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). Methods　A total of 420 tumor patients with PICC in Hengshui People's Hospital from June 2018 to December 2020 were selected as the research subjects. According to random number table method, they were divided into the control group (n=211) and experimental group (n=209). After PICC catheterization, the control group was given physical prevention, and the experimental group was given rivaroxaban orally (10 mg/d, once a day, for 30 days) on the basis of physical prevention on the day after catheterization. Follow-up was conducted for 30 days to compare the prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), D-dimer, fibrinogen (FIB), maximum flow rate of axillary vein on the side of catheterization, incidence of UEVT and other adverse events 1 day before and 30 days after catheterization between the two groups. Results　There were no significant differences in PT, APTT and FIB 30 days after catheterization between the two groups. The D-dimer was lower in the experimental group than that of the control group (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the maximum flow velocity of axillary vein between 1 day before catheterization and 30 days after catheterization in the experimental group, while the maximum flow velocity of axillary vein was lower at 30 days after catheterization than that of 1 day before catheterizationthe in control group (P＜0.01). The incidence of UEVT and other adverse events were significantly lower in the experimental group (2.87% vs. 8.53%) than those in the control group (1.91% vs.5.69%, P＜0.05). Conclusion　Rivaroxaban can effectively improve the hypercoagulability and blood flow reduction after PICC catheterization, thus reducing the incidence of PICC-related UEVT and other adverse events during the treatment.

Key words:  rivaroxaban, central venous catheters, upper extremity deep vein thrombosis, neoplasms, anticoagulants