New research progress of exosomes in the treatment of myocardial infarction

doi:10.11958/20230440

Abstract

Abstract:

Myocardial infarction is one of the most lethal diseases, and the progression of the disease often leads to the occurrence of chronic heart failure. Therefore, it is very important to explore new treatment methods for the prognosis of myocardial infarction. Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles with a diameter of 30-150 nm released from cells or tissue fluid. The vesicles carry specific DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, metabolic waste and other substances secreted by parental cells. As a potential treatment for myocardial infarction, it has long been confirmed in basic experiments. This article reviews the latest research progress of exosomes from different cells and tissues, engineered exosomes and exosome cell membrane fusion strategies in the treatment of myocardial infarction, and provides scientific evidence for the clinical application of exosomes.

Key words: myocardial infarction, exosomes, mesenchymal stem cells, fibroblasts, macrophages, membrane fusion, microRNAs

CLC Number:

R541

References 32

[1]	CHENG L, HILL A F. Therapeutically harnessing extracellular vesicles[J]. Nat Rev Drug Discov, 2022, 21(5):379-399. doi:10.1038/s41573-022-00410-w.
[2]	COLOMBO M, RAPOSO G, THÉRY C. Biogenesis,secretion,and intercellular interactions of exosomes and other extracellular vesicles[J]. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol, 2014, 30:255-289. doi:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-101512-122326.
[3]	TANG J, JIN L, LIU Y, et al. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells protect the myocardium against ischemia/reperfusion injury through inhibiting pyroptosis[J]. Drug Des Devel Ther, 2020, 14:3765-3775. doi:10.2147/DDDT.S239546.
[4]	SUN X H, WANG X, ZHANG Y, et al. Exosomes of bone-marrow stromal cells inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis under ischemic and hypoxic conditions via miR-486-5p targeting the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway[J]. Thromb Res, 2019, 177:23-32. doi:10.1016/j.thromres.2019.02.002.
[5]	SUN J, SHEN H, SHAO L, et al. HIF-1α overexpression in mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes mediates cardioprotection in myocardial infarction by enhanced angiogenesis[J]. Stem Cell Res Ther, 2020, 11(1):373. doi:10.1186/s13287-020-01881-7.
[6]	BU L, JIANG X, MARTIN-PUIG S, et al. Human ISL1 heart progenitors generate diverse multipotent cardiovascular cell lineages[J]. Nature, 2009, 460(7251):113-117. doi:10.1038/nature08191.
[7]	YOUN S W, LI Y, KIM Y M, et al. Modification of cardiac progenitor cell-derived exosomes by miR-322 provides protection against myocardial infarction through Nox2-dependent angiogenesis[J]. Antioxidants(Basel), 2019, 8(1):18. doi:10.3390/antiox8010018.
[8]	XIAO J, PAN Y, LI X H, et al. Cardiac progenitor cell-derived exosomes prevent cardiomyocytes apoptosis through exosomal miR-21 by targeting PDCD4[J]. Cell Death Dis, 2016, 7(6):e2277. doi:10.1038/cddis.2016.181.
[9]	VICENCIO J M, YELLON D M, SIVARAMAN V, et al. Plasma exosomes protect the myocardium from ischemia-reperfusion injury[J]. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2015, 65(15):1525-1536. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2015.02.026.
[10]	LUO Z, HU X, WU C, et al. Plasma exosomes generated by ischaemic preconditioning are cardioprotective in a rat heart failure model[J]. Br J Anaesth, 2023, 130(1):29-38. doi:10.1016/j.bja.2022.08.040.
[11]	WANG B, CAO C, HAN D, et al. Dysregulation of miR-342-3p in plasma exosomes derived from convalescent AMI patients and its consequences on cardiac repair[J]. Biomed Pharmacother, 2021, 142:112056. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112056.
[12]	TURNER A, AGGARWAL P, MATTER A, et al. Donor-specific phenotypic variation in hiPSC cardiomyocyte-derived exosomes impacts endothelial cell function[J]. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 2021, 320(3):H954-H968. doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00463.2020.
[13]	LIU N, XIE L, XIAO P, et al. Cardiac fibroblasts secrete exosome microRNA to suppress cardiomyocyte pyroptosis in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury[J]. Mol Cell Biochem, 2022, 477(4):1249-1260. doi:10.1007/s11010-021-04343-7.
[14]	LUO H, LI X, LI T, et al. microRNA-423-3p exosomes derived from cardiac fibroblasts mediates the cardioprotective effects of ischaemic post-conditioning[J]. Cardiovasc Res, 2019, 115(7):1189-1204. doi:10.1093/cvr/cvy231.
[15]	ZHU F, CHEN Y, LI J, et al. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes attenuate myocardial infarction injury via miR-24-3p-Promoted M2 macrophage polarization[J]. Adv Biol(Weinh), 2022, 6(11):e2200074. doi:10.1002/adbi.202200074.
[16]	WANG C, ZHANG C, LIU L, et al. Macrophage-derived miR-155-containing exosomes suppress fibroblast proliferation and promote fibroblast inflammation during cardiac injury[J]. Mol Ther, 2017, 25(1):192-204. doi:10.1016/j.ymthe.2016.09.001.
[17]	LIU S, CHEN J, SHI J, et al. M1-like macrophage-derived exosomes suppress angiogenesis and exacerbate cardiac dysfunction in a myocardial infarction microenvironment[J]. Basic Res Cardiol, 2020, 115(2):22. doi:10.1007/s00395-020-0781-7.
[18]	DAI Y, WANG S, CHANG S, et al. M2 macrophage-derived exosomes carry microRNA-148a to alleviate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via inhibiting TXNIP and the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway[J]. J Mol Cell Cardiol, 2020, 142:65-79. doi:10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.02.007.
[19]	LONG R, GAO L, LI Y, et al. M2 macrophage-derived exosomes carry miR-1271-5p to alleviate cardiac injury in acute myocardial infarction through down-regulating SOX6[J]. Mol Immunol, 2021, 136:26-35. doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2021.05.006.
[20]	CHEN C, CAI S, WU M, et al. Role of cardiomyocyte-derived exosomal microRNA-146a-5p in macrophage polarization and activation[J]. Dis Markers, 2022, 2022:2948578. doi:10.1155/2022/2948578.
[21]	XU R, ZHANG F, CHAI R, et al. Exosomes derived from pro-inflammatory bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells reduce inflammation and myocardial injury via mediating macrophage polarization[J]. J Cell Mol Med, 2019, 23(11):7617-7631. doi:10.1111/jcmm.14635.
[22]	DENG S, ZHOU X, GE Z, et al. Exosomes from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate cardiac damage after myocardial infarction by activating S1P/SK1/S1PR1 signaling and promoting macrophage M2 polarization[J]. Int J Biochem Cell Biol, 2019, 114:105564. doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2019.105564.
[23]	HAZAN-HALEVY I, ROSENBLUM D, WEINSTEIN S, et al. Cell-specific uptake of mantle cell lymphoma-derived exosomes by malignant and non-malignant B-lymphocytes[J]. Cancer Lett, 2015, 364(1):59-69. doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2015.04.026.
[24]	GALLET R, DAWKINS J, VALLE J, et al. Exosomes secreted by cardiosphere-derived cells reduce scarring, attenuate adverse remodelling, and improve function in acute and chronic porcine myocardial infarction[J]. Eur Heart J, 2017, 38(3):201-211. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehw240.
[25]	HU C M, FANG R H, WANG K C, et al. Nanoparticle biointerfacing by platelet membrane cloaking[J]. Nature, 2015, 526(7571):118-121. doi:10.1038/nature15373.
[26]	VAN DER MEEL R, FENS M H, VADER P, et al. Extracellular vesicles as drug delivery systems:Lessons from the liposome field[J]. J Control Release, 2014, 195:72-85. doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.07.049.
[27]	WEI Z, CHEN Z, ZHAO Y, et al. Mononuclear phagocyte system blockade using extracellular vesicles modified with CD47 on membrane surface for myocardial infarction reperfusion injury treatment[J]. Biomaterials, 2021, 275:121000. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121000.
[28]	YAO J, HUANG K, ZHU D, et al. A minimally invasive exosome spray repairs heart after myocardial infarction[J]. ACS Nano, 2021, 15(7):11099-11111. doi:10.1021/acsnano.1c00628.
[29]	LI Q, SONG Y, WANG Q, et al. Engineering extracellular vesicles with platelet membranes fusion enhanced targeted therapeutic angiogenesis in a mouse model of myocardial ischemia reperfusion[J]. Theranostics, 2021, 11(8):3916-3931. doi:10.7150/thno.52496.
[30]	SPRINGER T A. von Willebrand factor,Jedi knight of the bloodstream[J]. Blood, 2014, 124(9):1412-1425. doi:10.1182/blood-2014-05-378638.
[31]	VALENTIJN K M, EIKENBOOM J. Weibel-palade bodies:a window to von Willebrand disease[J]. J Thromb Haemost, 2013, 11(4):581-592. doi:10.1111/jth.12160.
[32]	ZHANG N, SONG Y, HUANG Z, et al. Monocyte mimics improve mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicle homing in a mouse MI/RI model[J]. Biomaterials, 2020, 255:120168. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120168.