Advances in the use of stem cell mechanical sensitivity against osteoporosis

doi:10.11958/20231662

Abstract

Abstract:

Osteoporosis is an emerging threat characterized by systemic damage to bone mass and microarchitecture leading to fragility fractures. Exosomes are nanosized vesicular particles secreted by cells into the extracellular compartment with biological activities similar to those of their cell of origin and play an important role in intercellular communication processes. Exosomes from multiple cell sources are involved in the regulation of bone-related cell proliferation and differentiation during bone metabolism, and have the advantages of high stability, non-immunogenicity and strong targeting ability, which make up for the shortcomings of traditional drug and stem cell therapies. Exosomes secreted from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can promote bone regeneration and improve morphology, biomechanics and histological damage, and exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in the mechanical microenvironment are more effective in inducing osteogenesis, significantly enhancing the osteogenic effect of BMSCs and promoting bone regeneration. Therefore, this article provides a review on the mechano-sensitivity of MSCs, mechanical responsive functionalized exosomes of MSCs, and explores their potential role in the treatment of osteoporosis.

Key words: osteoporosis, exosomes, mesenchymal stem cells, bone marrow, mechanical stimulation

CLC Number:

R681.4

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