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15 September 2017, Volume 45 Issue 9 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Cell and Molecular Biology
Experimental Study

Experimental Study
Clinical Study

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Clinical Study

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Cell and Molecular Biology

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Construction and expression of anti IL-4R single antibody of prokaryotic expression vector YANG Guang-yong, LIU Qian-ming, LIU Li-li, WANG Wen-jia, HE Guang-zhi 2017, 45 (9):  897-901.  doi: 10.11958/20170284 Abstract ( 1090 )   PDF (414KB) ( 3932 )   Abstract: Objective To construct anti-IL-4R murine anti-human single-chain variable fragment (scFvs) antibodies through BL21 (DE3) prokaryotic expression system. Methods The anti-IL-4R scFv sequence was optimizated on the basis of previous findings. The optimized scFv sequence was analyzed. The recombinant plasmid pET-32a-scFv was constructed. The recombinant plasmid was detected through enzyme identification, and was turned into BL21 (DE3) prokaryotic expression bacteria to express the pET- 32a- scFv recombinant protein in E.coli BL21 (DE3). The purification and renaturation were researched, and SDS- PAGE analysis was studied. The molecular weight of ScFv against IL- 4R was analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The expression of the fusion protein was detected by Western-blot assay. Results The length of fusion gene scFv-MLT sequence was 761 bp. The molecular weight of the recombinant expression of proteins of anti-IL-4R single antibody was approximately 45 ku. The recombinant proteins showed high specificity with anti-6×His-tag antibody. Conclusion This experiment successfully constructs pET-32a-scFv prokaryotic expression system of recombinant protein with high immune reactivity, which provides the basis for further study of anti-IL-4R single chain antibody as drug target. Related Articles | Metrics

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The influence of silencing miRNA-155 on proliferation and apoptosis of human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cell line A431 SHI Lei1, WEI Ming2 2017, 45 (9):  902-906.  Abstract ( 652 )   PDF (395KB) ( 3499 )   Abstract：Objective To investigate the effects of antisense oligonucleotide against miRNA-155 (AS-miRNA-155) on proliferation，apoptosis and invasion and migration abilities of human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cell line A431. Methods AS- miRNA- 155 was transfected into human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma A431 cells by using LipofectamineTM 2000. Blank control without transfection and transfected with non-sense sequence were used as non-sense sequence control. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the expression of miRNA-155 in A431 cells. Cell proliferation was analyzed using dimethyl thiazolyldiphenyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were studied by flow cytometry (FCM). Invasion and migration were measured by Transwell chamber assays. Results The relative expression of miRNA-155 mRNA was lower in the transfection group than that in the blank control group and the negative control group (F=634.57, P＜0.01), but there was no significant difference between the blank control group and the negative control group. After 72 h transfection, the survival rate was significantly lower in the transfection group than that of the blank control group and the negative control group, and the transfection rate decreased significantly by 120 h (P＜0.05). Cells of G0/G1 phase increased, Cells of S phase reduced, the overall PI value decreased in transfection group, and the apoptosis rate of A431 cells, migration and invasion of cells increased (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in G2/M cycle between transfection group, blank control group and negative control group. There were no significant differences in A431 cell apoptosis rate, cell migration and invasive ability between blank control group and negative control group. Conclusion Antisense oligonucleotide against miRNA-155 can inhibit the expression of miRNA- 155, the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma A431 cells, which indicates that miRNA-155 may become a new target for the regulation of gene expression in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Related Articles | Metrics

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The early protective effect of NADPH on OGD/R injury of human umbilical vein endothelial cells SONG Qi1, WENG Xiao-fen1, DONG Ting1, XU Li-min1, XIE Yan1, QIN Zheng-hong2 2017, 45 (9):  907-911.  doi: 10.11958/20170534 Abstract ( 988 )   PDF (704KB) ( 4794 )   Abstract: Objective To study the early protective effect of NADPH on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and the expression of occludin and MMP9 induced by oxygen glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R). Methods HUVECs were cultured and divided into blank control group, OGD/R group and OGD/R+NADPH 20 μmol/L group. The proliferation of HUVECs after treatment was detected by CCK- 8 assay. The cytotoxicity was detected by LDH release assay. The morphological changes of HUVECs were observed by inverted microscope. Superoxide dismutase (SOD MDA) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected by commercially available kit. The expressions of occludin and MMP9 were detected by Western blot assay. Results Compared with the OGD/R, NADPH enhanced the cell viability significantly (P＜0.05), reduced the release of LDH (P＜0.05), promoted the maintance of HUVECs morphology, reduced MDA generation (P＜0.05) and increased SOD activity (P＜0.05). Following OGD/R，the treatment of NADPH can inhibit MMP9 level (P＜0.05) and promote the recovery of occludin level (P＜0.05). Conclusion NADPH can protect HUVECs from the damage induced by OGD/R by reducing oxidative stress and regulating the expressions of MMP9 and occludin. Related Articles | Metrics

Experimental Study

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Effects of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate on the expressions of UGT1A, MRP2 protein and mRNA in L-02 cells damaged by triptolide ZHANG Jing, ZHU Sheng-nan, TAN Qin-you 2017, 45 (9):  912-916.  doi: 10.11958/20170616 Abstract ( 890 )   PDF (481KB) ( 3588 )   Abstract: Objective To observe the effect of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate on the expressions of UGT1A, MRP2 protein and mRNA of L- 02 cells damaged by triptolide, and to investigate hepatoprotective mechanism of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate in terms of drug metabolism. Methods L-02 cells were divided into 4 groups: normal group, triptolide group, magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate group and rifampicin group. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate group and rifampicin group were pretreated by magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate and rifampicin for 24 h and the remaining two groups added medium. Triptolide were added for 18 h except normal group. Cell survival rate was tested by MTT. The expression levels of UGT1A, MRP2 protein and mRNA were detected by Western blot assay and RT-PCR. Results Compared with triptolide group, cell survival rate was significantly higher in magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate group (P＜0.05). Meanwhile, the expression levels of UGT1A, MRP2 protein and mRNA were significantly lower in triptolide group compared with those of control group (P＜ 0.05). The expression levels of UGT1A, MRP2 protein and mRNA were significantly up- regulated in magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate pretreatment group than those of triptolide group (P＜0.05). The UGT1A protein and mRNA expressions were significantly decreased in rifampicin pretreatment group than those of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate group (P＜0.05), but there were no significant differences in MRP2 protein and mRNA expressions between the two groups. Conclusion Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate shows protective effects on triptolide induced L-02 cell injury, which may be involved with the activation of UGT1A and MRP2. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of sivelestat sodium on early inflammatory reaction in rats with smoke inhalation injury LI He-lin1，2, LYU Qi2, XIAO Pei-xin2, ZHU Shuang-long3, LIU Zi-quan2, LIU Hong-qi2△ 2017, 45 (9):  916-919.  Abstract ( 643 )   PDF (553KB) ( 3497 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the effects of sivelestat sodium on early inflammatory reaction of rats with smoke inhalation injury. Methods Forty healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into 3groups: normal group、injury group、treatment group。And treatment group was allocated into 3 groups: smoke inhalation group treated with10mg/kg sivelestat sodium group , 20mg/kg treatment group , 30mg/kg treatment group,8 rats each group , smoke inhalation injury model was established by using a smoke generator, the treatment groups were intraperitoneally injected sivelestat sodium 10mg/Kg、20mg/Kg、30mg/Kg separately， injury group were treated with the same volume physiological saline. All rats were executed after 24 hours ,take the blood and preserve their lung tissues. ELISA was used for detecting content of neutrophil elastase (NE)、myeloperoxidase（MPO）、tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)、interleukin- 6(IL-6 )in serum in each group，partial lung tissue were used for detecting water content and observing their pathological changes by HE staining .Result Compared with control group ,the levels of serum NE 、MPO、 TNF-α、IL-6 and water content of the lung tissue were significantly higher in other groups（P＜0.05)；Compared with injury group，the levels of serum NE 、MPO、 TNF-α、IL-6 and water content of the lung tissue were significantly lower in each treatment group（P＜0.05) ;Compared with 20mg/kg treatment group、30mg/kg treatment group , the levels of serum NE 、MPO、 TNF-α、IL-6 and water content of the lung tissue were significantly lower in 10mg/kg treatment group（P＜0.05) ;And in this experiment ,the low dose of sivelestat sodium had the best treatment effect. Conclusion The result showed that sivelestat sodium can reduce the early inflammatory reaction of rats with smoke inhalation injury and attenuate the lung edema. In this experiment , the effect of the drug treatment group was inversely proportional to the dosage, and the concentration of 10mg/kg was better than that of other treatment groups. Related Articles | Metrics

Experimental Study

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Neuroprotective effects of β-aescinate on brain edema in rat model of traumatic brain injury LIU Bao-hu1,2, GUO Tong-tong1, JIANG Ji-peng2, CHEN Xu-yi2, BIAN Ke-feng3, ZHANG Sai2? 2017, 45 (9):  920-924.  doi: 10.11958/20170839 Abstract ( 1081 )   PDF (692KB) ( 3757 )   Abstract: Objective To explore the neuroprotective effects of β-Aescinate on brain edema in traumatic brain injury (TBI) mice. Method A total of 78 male SD rats (Sprague Dawley Rat) were randomly divided into three groups:sham-operation group (Sham), traumatic brain injury group (TBI), β-Aescinate group, with 18 rats in each. (n=26 per group). The Sham-operated animals were anesthetized and surgically prepared only,but were not induced by cortical contusion;TBI group and β-Aescinate group using eCCI establish TBI model after skullcap was carefully removed, TBI group only establish TBI model，but no deal with; The TBI model of β-Aescinate group was established, and thenβ-Aescinate (5 mg/kg body weight) via intraperitoneal injection,one times per 24 hours. Each of measurement was performed after 48 hours, Neurological function were evaluated by modified neurological severity scores (mNSS); SD rats were sacrificed at 24 h after TBI and stained using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)(n=6); Additionally, the cerebral edema was evaluated from the water content of the brain tissue using the wet-to-dry weight ratio(n=10); and Evans Blue assay were performed to investigate the neurologic deficit, cer- ebral water content (n=8);and blood-brain barrier permeability (BBB) (n=4) ;and the of aquaporin 4 (AQP4) was measured by Western Blot assay(n=6).Result Compared with the Sham group, TBI group were shown to neurologic deficit ,and the brain water content and the of AQP4 were increased (all P<0.05).moreover，BBB permeability is destroyed. However, β-Aescinate could improve the neurological function, reduce the brain water content, and significantly decreased the of AQP4 compared with the TBI group (all P < 0.05) BBB permeability of each treatment group was also significantly improved (all P＜0.01). Conclusion These finding suggested that β-Aescinate could reduce cerebral edema and improve neurological outcome in SD rat after TBI to exert neuroprotection, through which reverses the high level of AQP4 protein. Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical Study

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The diagnostic value of virtual bronchoscopic navigation, endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath and rapid on-site evaluation for solitary pulmonary nodules ZHAO Ya-ping, WANG Juan, XIE Wei, ZHANG Peng, FENG Jing, DONG Li-xia, CAO Jie 2017, 45 (9):  925-930.  doi: 10.11958/20170631 Abstract ( 1189 )   PDF (597KB) ( 3642 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) under virtual bronchoscopic navigation (direct path), endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath (GS) and rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) for solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs). Methods One hundred and seventy- eight patients who were underwent transbronchial lung biopsy in the Tianjin Medical University General Hospital between January 2015 to December 2016 were retrospectively evaluated. CT images of all patients showed solitary pulmonary nodules surrounded by lung tissue, and ROSE was undergone during the procedure. The patients were divided into conventional (C- TBLB) group, virtual bronchoscopic navigation (VBN) group, endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath (GS) group, and virtual bronchoscopic navigation combined with endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath group (combination) depending on the different devices. The diagnostic yield and the location or the effect of lesion on the diagnostic rate were compared between four groups. The coincidence rate of ROSE and the histopathological findings of TBLB were compared. The value of ROSE for the early diagnosis of disease was further evaluated. Results The diagnostic rates were 32.5% (13/40), 66.7% (24/36), 68.2% (30/44) and 75.8% (44/58) for C-TBLB group, VBN group, GS group and combination group, respectively. There were significant differences in diagnostic rates between C-TBLB group and other tree groups (χ2=8.853, 10.677 and 18.293, P＜ 0.008). But there were no significant differences in diagnostic rates between VBN group, GS group and combination group (P＞0.008). The diagnostic rates for peripheral pulmonary nodules were 12.5% (2/16), 42.9% (6/14), 40.0% (4/10) and 75.9% (22/29) in C-TBLB group, VBN group, GS group and combination group. The diagnostic rate was significantly higher in combination group than that of other three groups (χ2=17.434, P＜0.05). The result of ROSE was consistent with result of histopathology (Kappa = 0.775, P＜0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of ROSE during transbronchial biopsy for solitary pulmonary nodules were 90.7%, 87.0%, 86.7%, 90.9% and 88.8% , respectively. No pneumothorax, hemoptysis or other serious complications were found in patients. Conclusion Virtual bronchoscopic navigation, endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath for solitary pulmonary nodules by transbronchial lung biopsy can improve the diagnostic rate of solitary pulmonary nodules. Related Articles | Metrics

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The study of the sleep disorders characteristics in frontal lobe epilepsy HOU Yu-ying, SONG Yi-jun△ 2017, 45 (9):  931-934.  doi: 10.11958/20170486 Abstract ( 996 )   PDF (310KB) ( 3751 )   This study aimed to investigate the sleep disorders characteristic in frontal lobe epilepsy（frontal lobe epilepsy，FLE）through polysomnography and subjective questionnaires. Methods 18 FLE patients and 15 healthy subjects were recruited to our study. Every subject were evaluated by whole-night polysomnography and subjective questionnaires. Results Compared with controls, the FLE demonstrated an obviously increase in total time in bed[(503.22±62.33)min], wake after sleep onset[（54.11±18.97）min], number of sleep stage shifts in total sleep time[（161.17±56.83）], the number of sleep stage shifts per an hour[（22.6±6.25）], the number of NREM1 stage shifts[(42.56±15.26)] and NREM2 stage shifts[(57.28±26.57)], number of wake stage[(48.76±10.62)]. Meanwhile, FLE showed higher scores in BDI-II [(9.33±5.01)]and Fatigue scale-14[(5.72±3.36)分] compared with controls. Conclusion The sleep disorders and sleep disruption can be found in FLE, furthermore, the sleep disorders in FLE is related with depression and seizures frequency. Related Articles | Metrics

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Finite element analysis of the effects of individual extralevator abdominoperineal excision for rectal neoplasms below levator hiatus on pelvic floor LIU Jia, WANG Jie-fu△, KONG Da-lu, ZHENG Lei, HU Dong-zhi, GUO Jian-sheng 2017, 45 (9):  935-939.  Abstract ( 613 )   PDF (814KB) ( 3569 )   Objective To evaluate the effects of individual extralevator abdominalperineal excision(ELAPE) for Rectal Neoplasms below levator hiatus on pelvic floor by finite element analysis. Method MIMICS 10.01, GeoMagic Studio 12 and ANSYS Workbench 14 were used to deal with magnetic resonance data of 27 healthy nulliparous volunteers’ pelvic, and then three types of finite element models were developed: intact models, ELAPE models and individual ELAPE models. Non-levator ani tissue’s maximal stresses of three types of models, and levator ani’s maximal stresses of intact models and individual ELAPE models, and their stress distributions under the same pressure were analyzed and compared. Results In intact models, ELAPE models and individual ELAPE models, non-levator ani tissue’s maximal stresses were respectively (1.963±0.061), (5.127±0.070) and (4.703±0.110) MPa. Those in individual ELAPE models were lower than in ELAPE models, but higher than in intact models(P<0.01). The high-stress zone of intact models and ELAPE models showed at the joints with surrounding structures on both sides; the high-stress zone of individual ELAPE models showed in front of the joints with surrounding structures on both sides; and, the maximal stresses of three types of models showed in front of both sides. In intact models and individual ELAPE models, levator ani’s maximal stresses were respectively （0.812±0.042）and（0.719±0.027）MPa. The latter were lower than the former. The high-stress zone of both showed in front of the joints on both sides. The former maximum stressed showed at ventral ends on both sides, and the latter showed higher than the former on both sides. Conclusion This individual ELAPE is able to decrease the stress of non-levator ani tissue, which suggests that the risk of postoperative pelvic floor hernia is relatively reduced. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study of clinical intervention of Shanzha Xiaozhi capsule on obesity patients with dampness-heat constitution LAI Jin-lan, LIANG Qi-jun, HUANG Rong, CHEN Rui-zhu, HU Chen-ming, YU Shou-yi△ 2017, 45 (9):  940-944.  doi: 10.11958/20170302 Abstract ( 1655 )   PDF (336KB) ( 4029 )   Abstract：Objective To investigate the effects of Shanzha Xiaozhi capsule on body weight, metabolic index, percentage and distribution of body fat in obese patients with dampness-heat constitution. Methods A total of 60 obesity patients with dampness-heat constitution were enrolled in this study and randomly categorized into the control group (n=30) and treatment group (n=30). Control group was given the diet and exercise regime, and treatment group was given Shanzha Xiaozhi capsule based on the same diet and exercise regime for 12 weeks. Scores of dampness- heat, body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, blood pressure, blood glucose, serum lipid profile, urine acid (UA), fasting plasma insulin, serum levels of tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α), interleukin- 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, adiponectin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), percentage and distribution of body fat were measured before and after treatment. Results (1) Data of scores of dampnessheat and diastolic blood pressure were significantly decreased after treatment in drug group. The above indexes and hip circumference were significantly decreased after the treatment in treatment group compared with those of control group (P < 0.05). (2) The triglyceride (TG), UA, insulin, HOMA-IR, LPS and IL-1β were significantly decreased after the treatment in treatment group than those of control group, while there were no significant differences in fast blood glucose (FBG), 2 h postprandial plasma glucose (2 hPG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL- C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), TNF-α, IL-6 and adiponectin between two groups. (3) The percentage of visceral fat was significantly decreased in treatment group than that of control group. There were no significant differences in fat changes of limbs and buttocks between two groups. Conclusion Shanzha Xiaozhi capsule can decrease body weight and visceral fat content, reduce insulin resistance, and improve chronic inflammation state in obese patients with dampness- heat constitution. Related Articles | Metrics

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The relationship between plasma PDGF-BB level and coronary heart disease and coronary artery stenosis LI Fan1, LU Ya-ru2, QIN Qin2△ 2017, 45 (9):  944-948.  Abstract ( 522 )   PDF (321KB) ( 3598 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the relationship between plasma level of platelet derived growth factor- BB (PDGF-BB), coronary heart disease (CHD) and the severity of coronary artery stenosis. Methods A total of 262 patients hospitalized in Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital were collected in this study. According to the medical history, symptoms, laboratory examination and the results of coronary angiography, patients were divided into stable angina pectoris (SAP) group (n=57), acute coronary syndrome (ACS) group (n=119) and normal control group (n=86). The ACS group was divided into three subgroups: single vessel group (n=38), double vessel group (n=35) and multiple vessel group (n=46). The general clinical data, biochemical parameters and plasma PDGF-BB levels were compared between SAP group, ACS group and control group. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between PDGF-BB level, highsensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and Gensini scores. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of coronary heart disease. Results (1) The plasma levels of hs-CRP and PDGF-BB were significantly higher in ACS group than those in control group and SAP group (P < 0.05). (2) Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was no correlation between plasma levels of PDGF-BB and hs-CRP and Gensini score (P > 0.05). (3) There was no significant difference in plasma level of PDGF- BB between single vessel group, double vessel group and multiple vessel group (P > 0.05). (4) Logistic regression analysis showed that high plasma level of PDGF- BB was the risk factor for coronary heart disease. Conclusion PDGF-BB plasma level is associated with the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease, which may reflect the instability of coronary atherosclerotic plaques, but it is not an index to evaluate the severity of coronary stenosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of preoperative continued dual antiplatelet therapy on early outcomes in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting LI Zhi-long1, WANG Lian-qun2, GUO Zhi-gang2△ 2017, 45 (9):  948-952.  Abstract ( 676 )   PDF (373KB) ( 3545 )   Objective This study sought to evaluate the effects of preoperative continued dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and clopidogrel on early outcomes in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG). Methods We conducted an observational cohort study of 279 patients who underwent first-time isolated OPCABG from January 2015 to May 2016 at our institution. Patients were divided into two groups, in which preoperative DAPT was given until the time of surgery (DAPT group, n = 148) or was stopped for 5 days before surgery (control group, n = 131). Baseline characteristics, total chest-tube output, rate of re-exploration for bleeding, blood-product transfusion requirements, and other perioperative and postoperative data were collected and compared. Results Demographic and preoperative clinical characteristics were similar in both groups. Total chest-tube drainage volume (DAPT group vs. control group, 899 ± 227 mL vs. 801 ± 242 mL, P = 0.001) and perioperative transfusion requirements (rate and volume) were statistically higher in the continued DAPT group compared to the control group. There were no significant differences between the groups in hemostatic re-exploration rate (DAPT group vs. control group, 3.4% vs. 0.8%, P=0.219), length of operation (DAPT group vs. control group, 4.932 ± 0.69 h vs. 4.82 ± 0.69 h， P=0.168)，ICU stay (DAPT group vs. control group, 51.82± 13.95 h vs. 50.56± 13.04 h, P=0.434), ventilation time (DAPT group vs. control group, 16.23 ± 2.57 h vs. 16.12 ± 2.61 h, P=0.729), duration of postoperative hospitalization (DAPT group vs. control group, 10.6 ± 5.4 d vs. 9.6 ± 4.8 d, P=0.108), postoperative nonfatal myocardial infarction (DAPT group vs. control group, 4.7% vs. 3.8%, P=0.708). Stroke and other severe outside chest bleeding and all-cause mortality were not observed in both groups during the postoperative period, prior to discharge. Conclusions Preoperative continued DAPT is associated with increased chest-tube drainage and higher blood-product transfusion requirements but not significant clinically. This antiplatelet strategy does not alter other investigated outcomes in primary isolated OPCABG patients. If clinically indicated, preoperative DAPT may be able to be safely continued in patients referred for primary isolated OPCABG. Related Articles | Metrics

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Genetic Analysis and Prenatal Diagnosis for Patients with Non-syndromic Hearing Impairment LIANG Yue-hong, REN Chen-chun△, WANG Wen-jing, ZHANG Hai-xia, YANG Wei-wei, LI De-ming, ZHANG Yue-xiang 2017, 45 (9):  953-957.  doi: 10.11958/20170758 Abstract ( 1007 )   PDF (515KB) ( 4073 )   Abstract：Objective To explore the genetic pathogen of patients with non-syndromic hearing impairment and to provide prenatal diagnosis for the families of hereditary deafness. Methods DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of 208 patients. Gene chip and direct sequencing were performed to find mutations. And prenatal diagnosis was carried out in two families by direct sequencing. Results Forty patients were detected two mutations and 46 patients were detected one by gene chip. And 12 cases were found the second mutation through sequencing. The most frequent mutation is 235delC. Fetus 1carried compound mutations of 299-300delAT and 235delC. And fetus 2 carried heterozygous mutation of IVS7-2A＞G. Conclusion Patients with non-syndromic hearing impairment can be accurate diagnosed by gene chip and Sanger sequencing. And prenatal diagnosis is primary means for affected families. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of 8-word bandage on walking ability in patients of stroke with knee hyperextension ZHU Dong-yan, XU Qian, WANG Liang, HAN Zhen-zhen, JI Shan-shan, CAO Hui，HU Zhen-ni，HUANG Zhi-dong△ 2017, 45 (9):  957-960.  doi: 10.11958/20170559 Abstract ( 1347 )   PDF (431KB) ( 5068 )   Abstract ： Objective To observe the effect of the “8” word bandage on the walking ability of stroke patients with knee hyperextension. Methods Fifty cases of stroke patients with knee hyperextension were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 25 cases in each group. The control group were treated with conventional methods, including Bobath technology, Brunnstrom therapy and motor relearning primarily rehabilitation training. In addition to the conventional methods, patients in the observation group used elastic bandage to fix knee joint in walking training. Before and after 8 weeks of treatment, we adopted Holden walking function classification,10 meters maxium walking speed and improved Barthel index to evaluate the walking ability,maximum walking speed and the life ability of the patients. Results There were no significant differences in the scores between the two groups before treatment.The Holden walking function classification, the 10 meters maxium walking speed and the Barthel index scores in both two groups were significantly improved upon 8 weeks treatment (P<0.05), and patient’s conditions in the observation group were more significantly improved than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Using“8”word bandage to fix knee joint can significantly improve knee hyperextension of stroke patients,so as to improve the walking ability and the ability of activities of daily living. Related Articles | Metrics

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The clinical efficacy of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator for the treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular disease caused by cerebral thrombosis TIAN Zhong-lan, XU Ling-ling, ZHANG Yong, YANG Chun, HE Gai-ping△ 2017, 45 (9):  961-941.  Abstract ( 775 )   PDF (333KB) ( 3653 )   Abstract: Objective To study the clinical efficacy of intra-arterial thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) for the treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular disease caused by cerebral thrombosis. Methods A total of 245 patients accepted by our hospital during May 2013 and July 2015 were divided into the observation group (n=148) and the control group (n=97). All patients were given conventional process for controling blood pressure and blood lipids. Patients in observation group received intra- arterial thrombolysis with rt- PA, while patients in control group accepted conventional treatment. At the time of admission, the demographic characteristic, vascular influencing factors, baseline clinical findings, laboratory findings and neurological deficits were collected. The improvement of neurological function was evaluated by the modified Rankin scale 3 months after treatment. The levels of fibrinogen (FIB), D-Dimer, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and thrombin time (PT) were measured before and 24 h after the treatment. Results There were no significant differences in demographic characteristic and general clinical data between the two groups (P＞0.05). The proportion of patients with improved neurological function was significantly higher in observation group than that of the control group (83.11% vs. 53.61%, P＜0.05). There were no significant difference in coagulation index and fibrinolysis index before treatment between the two groups (P＞0.05). Twenty- four hours after the treatment, the levels of FIB, D- Dimer, APTT and PT were significantly improved in the observation group compared with those before treatment. The level of FIB was significantly decreased, D-Dimer was significantly increased, APTT and PT were significantly prolonged in observation group compared with those of control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion The rt- PA can effectively dissolve thrombosis and correct the coagulation system and fibrinolytic system. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of gastrin 17 and pepsinogen on anastomotic ulcer after gastric bypass surgery for resection of pyloric antrum LI Jie1, SUN Yan1, SU Wei1, CHEN Kun1, SUN Cheng-zhe2 2017, 45 (9):  965-968.  doi: 10.11958/20170283 Abstract ( 980 )   PDF (404KB) ( 3540 )   Abstract: Objective To study the changes of gastrin 17 (G17) and pepsinogen (PG) after gastric bypass surgery in gastric antrum resection, and the influences of different surgical methods on postoperative peptic ulcer. Methods Clinical data of 63 patients with gastric bypass surgery in our hospital from October 2013 to October 2015 were divided into resection of pyloric antrum group (n=33) and preserved pyloric antrum group (n=30). The values of G17, PGⅠ, PGⅡ and PGⅠ/PGⅡ were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay at 1 month, 6 months and 12 months after operation. The correlation between the different surgical methods and the incidence of peptic ulcer was analyzed between two groups. Results The G17 levels were significantly decreased in resection of pyloric antrum group 6 and 12 months after operation than those in preserved pyloric antrum group (P＜0.05). Compared with preserved pyloric antrum group，PG Ⅰ and PG Ⅱ levels was significantly decreased 12 months after operation (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the ratio PGⅠ/PGⅡ at 1 month, 6 months and 12 months after operation between two groups (P＞0.05). There was no significant difference in postoperative peptic ulcer between two groups (P＞0.05). Conclusion Gastric bypass after resection of the pyloric antrum can reduce the postoperative secretion of G17, PGⅠ and PGⅡ, but which can not reduce the incidence of postoperative anastomotic ulcer. Related Articles | Metrics

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The effects of modulated medium frequency current therapy combined with infrared therapy on patients of acute facial neuritis WANG Liang, ZHU Dong-yan, XU Qian, HAN Zhen-zhen, JI Shan-shan, HUANG Zhi-dong△ 2017, 45 (9):  969-972.  doi: 10.11958/20170519 Abstract ( 1605 )   PDF (351KB) ( 3935 )   Abstract：Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of modulated medium frequency current therapy (MMFCT) combined with infrared therapy on patients of acute facial neuritis. Methods A total of forty-six patients with acute facial neuritis were divided into two groups (observation group and control group) randomly and medially. Every patient received medication. Meanwhile, observation group received MMFCT and infrared therapy. Before the treatment, and after two and four weeks of treatment, Portmann scale were used to evaluate the autonomic movements of the facial expression muscles on both sides. After 4 weeks of treatment, the outcome was evaluated by House- Brackmann facial nerve grading system. Results There were no significant differences in Portmann scales before treatment between two groups. Portmann scales were higher in observation group than those of control group after two and four weeks of treatment (P＜0.05). With the duration of treatment, Portmann scales were increased successively in two groups. The significant difference was found in multiple comparisons between groups. After 4 weeks of treatment, the efficacy was significant in the observation group, compared with control group, the difference was significant (P＜0.05). Conclusion Modulated medium frequency current therapy combined with infrared therapy have a better effect than isolated medication. Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical Study

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Coronary artery surgical treatment in patients with uremia CHAI Jun-wu, WANG Kai, KONG Xiang-rong△, CHEN Hong-lei, XUE Fen-long, WANG Wei-tie, ZHOU Wei 2017, 45 (9):  973-976.  Abstract ( 966 )   PDF (343KB) ( 3483 )   Abstract：Objective To summarize the experience of surgical treatment in patients with uremia and severe coronary artery disease, and reduce the perioperative risk thereof. Methods Sixteen chronic renal failure patients who were received haemodialysis and underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) during the period of February 2009 to December 2016 in Tianjin First Central Hospital were assessed in this retrospective study. Of the 16 patients, 8 patients and 6 patients were treated with off pump and on pump CABG respectively, one patient was treated with CABG and resection of ventricular aneurysm, and one patient was treated with CABG and tricuspid valve replacements. The renal function changes in preoperative and postoperative periods, 2- day and 1- week after surgery were observed. Echocardiography was used to evaluate cardiac function. The improvement of angina was recorded. Results Fourteen patients were successfully withdrawn from ventilator therapy within 24 h after surgery. The tracheal intubation was removed 65-hour after surgery in one patient. One patient died of multiple organ failure on the seventh day after surgery. The average length of ICU staying and in- hospital stay were (125.5 ± 21.6) h and (28.6 ± 7.4) days respectively. The serum creatinine (sCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were higher in two days after surgery than those before the operation (P < 0.05). Fifteen patients which followed up (the final follow-up date was February 2017) showing cardiac function Ⅰ-Ⅱ, ejection fraction (EF) ＞0.40, and no angina occurred. Conclusion CABG is relatively safe for patients with end- stage renal disease and severe coronary artery disease. CABG can significantly eliminate angina symptoms with satisfactory clinical effect. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical observation of green laser vaporization for the treatment of bladder tumor in 522 patients ZHANG Zhi-hua, CHEN Ya-tong, LI Zhao-yi, ZHANG Ting-ji, FENG Qi-qing, LI Jian△ 2017, 45 (9):  976-980.  doi: 10.11958/20170420 Abstract ( 1050 )   PDF (343KB) ( 4076 )   Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of photoselective greenlight vaporization of bladder tumor (PVBT). Methods A total of 522 patients of bladder cancer were enrolled in present study from January 2010 to May 2015, includ 405 cases of non muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and 117 cases of muscle-invasive bladder cancer(MIBC). They had been treated by PVBT with intravesical instillation of epirubicin and the patients in MIBC received intravenous chemotherapy (kisi-hama and cisplatin). Results All of the patients were treated by PVBT under spinal anesthesia or general anesthesia. The average hospitalization time of patients in NMIBC group was (7.32±1.28) days, the average operation time was (27.08±5.36) min, and the average time of indwelling urinary catheter was (2.42±0.34) days. During the follow-up period (12-60 months), 38 cases (9.4%) relapsed, of which 3 cases underwent radical cystectomy, and other 35 cases underwent PVBT again. All 405 patients were alive at the end of follow up. The average hospitalization time of MIBC patients was (26.18±1.92) days, the average operation time was (38.32±6.54) min, and the average time of indwelling urinary catheter was (2.72±0.85) days. During the follow-up period (12-60 months), 19 cases (16.2%) relapsed. Among them, 4 patients underwent radical cystectomy, and other 15 cases underwent PVBT. Six patients died from distant organ metastasis (including 2 cases of pulmonary metastasis and 4 cases of bone metastasis), and other 111 patients survived. Conclusion PVBT is safe and effective in the treatment of bladder tumor, especially for NMIBC and MIBC patients who are unable or unwilling to undergo radical cystectomy. Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical Study

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The observation of curative effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on the treatment of pain after lumbar fusion operation ZHANG Chun-hong1, YAN Bing-shan1，2, XU Bao-shan1, MA Xin-long1, YANG Qiang1, LIU Yue1 2017, 45 (9):  980-983.  Abstract ( 814 )   PDF (344KB) ( 3586 )   Abstract: Objective To observe the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the treatment of pain after lumbar fusion operation. Methods Patients who underwent lumbar fusion surgery from January 2016 to December 2016 were retrospective analysed in Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital. They were divided into experimental group and control group according to the postoperative analgesic strategies, the experimental group was treated with tDCS combined with opioid after surgery to control postoperative pain and the control group only received opioids. The data of preoperative and postoperative pain visual analogue score (VAS), oswestry disability index (ODI), opioid analgesics usage and complications were recorded. Results 42 patients were included and 22 in experimental group (the mean age 56.7±10.5) and 20 in control group (the mean age 60.3±9.2). All the patients completed the study successfully. There were no significant differences in terms of preoperative VAS and ODI score between two groups. The postoperative 24h VAS (2.0 ± 1.7) and VAS (2.1±0.9) at discharge in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group (3.3±1.4, 2.9±1.3), the difference was statistically significant. The functional recovery was more quickly in experimental group than that in control group (ODI score 20.9±6.5 in experimental group and 25.4±5.3 in control group, P = 0.02). Compared with control group, the experimental group can reduce about 25% of opioid usage. There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (experimental group: 2/22, control group: 3/18, P > 0.05). The discomfort sensations reported in tDCS includeding itching under the electrodes, pain, warmth and stinging. No other adverse reactions and serious complications were observed. Conclusion The use of transcranial direct current stimulation after lumbar fusion can decrease the pain sensation, reduce the usage of opioids drugs, promote the rehabilitation of patients and wound not increase the incidence of complication. has the potential probability to replace opioids for chronic pain. Using transcranial direct current stimulation can reduce pain in patients after lumbar fusion, reduce the use of narcotic drugs, promote the rehabilitation of patients, was not increased, has the potential to replace opioids for chronic pain. Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect of dexmedetomidine and ketamine on tonsillectomy in children 2017, 45 (9):  984-987.  doi: 10.11958/20170543 Abstract ( 857 )   PDF (333KB) ( 4245 )   Abstract：Objective To observe and contrast the effects of dexmedetomidine and ketamine on the restlessness and analgesia during recovery period of anesthesia after tonsillectomy in children. Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ child patients underwent tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy were randomly divided into three groups, group P (appropriate amount of placebo was given in the operation), group D (dexmedetomidine) and group K (ketamine). Data of mean arterial pressure and heart rate of three groups were documented before anesthesia (T0), during extubation (T1), 5 min (T2), 10 min (T3), 15 min (T4) and 30 min (T5) after extubation were recorded. The analepsia time, adverse reactions, restlessness score and pain score were collected in three groups of patients. Results Compared with group P, values of mean arterial pressure and heart rate were more stable at T1, T2 and T3 in groups D and K (P＜0.05). The restlessness score, incidence of restlessness and adverse reactions were lower in groups D and K than those in group P (P＜0.05), and which were lower in group D than those of group K (P＜0.05). Conclusion Both dexmedetomidine and ketamine can play an analgesic role in recovery period of anesthesia and reduce restlessness, adverse reactions and pain score in child patients. Moreover, dexmedetomidine is more effective on inhibiting restlessness and adverse reactions. Related Articles | Metrics

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The origin of children's left coronary artery from the right coronary sinus in 1 cases 2017, 45 (9):  987-989.  doi: 10.11958/20170464 Abstract ( 1380 )   PDF (436KB) ( 3790 )   Coronary artery origin abnormalities include a variety of congenital coronary vascular variations,The left main coronary artery opening in the right coronary sinus is a rare and prognostic coronary artery anomaly.The symptoms of angina, syncope and myocardial ischemia were present in this patient, but some patients had no clinical symptoms and died suddenly after strenuous exercise.How to understand the disease as early as possible early surgical treatment is the key. Related Articles | Metrics

Epidemiological Investigation

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Study on AIDS-related knowledge and behavior between male-male in college students LIU Tian-jun, HUANG Shao-ping, KAN Zhen, WANG Geng-xin, ZHANG Xi-yue, WANG He 2017, 45 (9):  990-993.  doi: 10.11958/20170529 Abstract ( 897 )   PDF (323KB) ( 3902 )   Abstract: Objective To understand the cognitive and behavioral characteristics of AIDS between male- male in college students, and to provide evidence for the prevention and control strategies. Methods Using cluster random sampling method, the questionnaire survey including basic situation, the perception of HIV/AIDS of male male actors, sexual behavior and condom use and HIV/AIDS counseling detection, was used to investigate in male students of 8 universities at Beijing fangshan distric. Results A total of 2 444 male college students were surveyed, 138 cases with male-male behavior were detected, and the detection rate was 5.65%. The detection rate (18.31%) of the junior college students was statistically higher than that of first- year college students (4.28% ) and sophomores (6.52% , P＜0.017). The awareness rates of four relevant knowledge about HIV/AIDS for 138 students were 25.36%, 15.22%, 9.42% and 13.77% respectively. The 44.93% male-male in college students had first sexual intercourse were younger than 18 years old. The proportion of students with first time male- male behavior and age ＜18 years was higher in the first- year college students (58.9% ) than that of sophomores and junior college students (30.77% , 26.92% ). The incidence rate of bisexuality was 43.48% in male-male behavior, and 73.91% was polysexual partners. The correct usage rate of condom was 31.16%. AIDS counseling detection rate was 27.54%. Conclusion The detection rate is higher in students with male-male behavior, and the awareness rate of AIDS-related knowledge is lower. A variety of high risk sexual behaviors are prevalent, so it is necessary to strengthen HIV/ AIDS education and HIV/AIDS related knowledge for college students. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of influential factors of comprehensive health function of elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis LONG Ting1, FENG Lei1△, WU Lei1, ZHANG Miao1, CHEN Hua-ying2 2017, 45 (9):  994-997.  Abstract ( 553 )   PDF (313KB) ( 3617 )   Abstract: Objective To understand the status of comprehensive health function impairment in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and to explore its influencing factors. Methods A total of 80 elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis were enrolled in the first Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from December 2014 to October 2016. The quality of life SF-36 score was used to measure the physical health, mental health, daily activities and social health to assess the overall health status of patients. The factors influencing the comprehensive health function of the patients were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis. Results The univariate and multivariate analysis showed that the low level of education, general occupation, marital misfortune, poor economic condition and self-treatment expense were the risk factors affecting the comprehensive health function in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis (P＜0.05). Conclusion Elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis have problems of the functions of daily life, physical health, mental health and social health. To alleviate the high medical costs, improve the level of medical treatment, improve the people’s health and education level and maintain a good mood are the key to improve the overall health in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of VEGFR in Tumor Ultrasound Molecular Imaging MA Yao, ZHAO Yun△ 2017, 45 (9):  998-1000.  Abstract ( 590 )   PDF (332KB) ( 3615 )   Abstract: Ultrasound molecular imaging has become one of the hotspots of molecular imaging because of its advantages of non-invasion, non-radiation, repeatability and real-time dynamic imaging. The key of imaging is to select the appropriate target and ligand to bind to the ultrasound contrast agent. The formation of blood vessels in the development of tumor is a significant feature. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) is an important specific molecule on tumor vascular endothelial cells, and which can be used as a target for tumor ultrasound imaging. In recent years, many scholars have carried out related studies on the imaging of ultrasound molecules targeting VEGFR. This paper reviewed the mechanism and application of tumor ultrasound molecular imaging with VEGFR as target in recent years. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Role of PAK2 in Tumor Progression Bao-Yu LI 2017, 45 (9):  1001-1004.  doi: 10.11958/20170251 Abstract ( 994 )   PDF (325KB) ( 3618 )   [ Abstract ]：The activation of p21 kinase 2 ( p21-activated kinase2 ), PAK2, has the value for cancer research, owing to its participation in a series of intracellular biological activity, and the relationship between PAK2 and tumor progression has been studied in few studies. PAK2 can be activated by a variety of upstream signal especially small G protein Rho family of Rac and Cdc42, and it participate in a variety of important signaling pathways and cell function regulation. Abnormal of PAK2 has been reported in various tumors, which involves in cytoskeletal remodeling, cell motility, apoptosis, signal transduction, gene transcription, translation and angiogenesis, and PAK2 plays an important role in tumor occurrence and development. Therefore, the research about PAK2 and the targeting therapy for anti-PAK2 provides a new sight on the treatment and prevention of tumor. Related Articles | Metrics

Review

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The applicational development of multiplex PCR testing for diagnosis of respiratory tract infections in children GUO Yong-sheng, ZOU Ying-xue△ 2017, 45 (9):  1005-1008.  doi: 10.11958/20170856 Abstract ( 927 )   PDF (365KB) ( 3624 )   Abstract: Early, rapid and accurate diagnosis of disease is of great significance for the prevention of disease progression and the best clinical rational treatment program. Respiratory tract infections are the common and frequently occurring diseases in infants and preschool children, about 90 percent infections are of viral origin and etiology is very complex, but viral infection is often hard to distinguish from bacterial infection. Multiplex PCR has high sensitivity and specificity, and it is an effective tool for virus identification. It is widely used in the detection of respiratory infectious diseases. The common respiratory viruses causing respiratory infections include adenovirus (AdV), coronaviruses (CoV), human metapneumovirus (hMPV), influenza virus type A and B, parainfluenza virus type 1 (PIV 1), PIV 2, PIV 3, respiratory syncytial virus type A (RSV A), RSV B, rhinoviruses, enteroviruses and bocaviruses. If PCR reveals the presence of RNA derived from above respiratory virus, then an acute infection caused by the corresponding pathogen is probably present, and further treatment can be made accordingly by the clinician. In this paper, we reviewed the application of multiple PCR in the detection of typical and atypical pathogens in children's respiratory tract infection, and discussed the persistence of viral nucleic acid and effectiveness of virus clinical diagnostics. Related Articles | Metrics