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15 February 2018, Volume 46 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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CRT promoted c-FLIP expression via NF-κB pathway in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes CRT promoted c-FLIP expression via NF-κB pathway in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes 2018, 46 (2):  113-117.  doi: 10.11958/20171299 Abstract ( 788 )   PDF (542KB) ( 3897 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the molecular mechanisms of upregulated expression of cellular Fas-associated death domain-like interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) by calreticulin (CRT) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods The semi-quantitative analysis and localization of c-FLIP in RA and osteoarthritis (OA) synovium were detected by immunohistochemistry. The fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) were isolated by enzymatic digestion of synovial tissue specimens obtained from RA and OA patients, and cultured as an in vitro experiment model. The expressions of c-FLIP in RA and OA synovial fibroblasts were detected by immunofluorescence and Western blot assay. Whether CRT influenced c-FLIP expression and its molecular mechanism were explored by Western blot assay. Results The high expression of c-FLIP was found in RA synovium, mainly in the lining and sublining areas of FLS and vascular endothelial cells detected by immunohistochemistry. Meanwhile, weak staining of c-FLIP was observed in OA synovium. The expression of c-FLIP was significantly higher in RA synovium than that of OA synovium (t=11.717, P＜0.001). Results of immunofluorescence and Western blot assay showed that c-FLIP was mainly located in cytoplasm, and which was higher expressed in FLS of RA than that of OA. The increased c-FLIP expression and phosphorylation of NF- κB were detected after being co-incubated with exogenous CRT (0, 10, 50, 100 μg / L), in dose-dependent manner. The effect of CRT upregulating c-FLIP expression was blocked by NF-κB inhibitor BAY 11-7082. Conclusion CRT can increase c-FLIP expression at least partly through NF-κB pathway in RA, which may provide therapeutic target for the treatment of RA. Related Articles | Metrics

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Antitumor effects of DC-GPC3 cocultured with CIK on hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro HAN Qiu-qing1,JIANG Jin2,WANG Yu-liang3,4△ 2018, 46 (2):  118-121.  doi: 10.11958/20170998 Abstract ( 723 )   PDF (613KB) ( 3774 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate biological activity and antitumor effects of phosphatidylinositol-3 (GPC3) gene transfected dendritic cells (DC, DC-GPC3) co-cultured with cytokine induced killer cells (CIK) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods The phenotypes of effector cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Levels of interleukin (IL) - 2 and interferon (IFN)–γ were determined by MTT colorimetry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The cytotoxic activity against hepatocarcinoma cells (HepG2) was measured by lactate dehydrogenase release. Results The proportions of CD3+ CD8+ and CD3+ CD56+ double-positive cells were significantly elevated in the DCIK-GPC3 compared with the DCIK and CIK (P＜0.05). Compared with the DCIK and CIK, the DCIK-GPC3 showed significantly higher levels of secreted IL-2 and IFN-γ in the supernatants (P＜0.05). The antitumor effect of DCIK-GPC3 against HepG2 was the highest than that of DCIK and CIK at an effector-target ratio ranging from 20∶1 to 50 ∶1 (P＜0.05). Conclusion DCIK-GPC3 can enhance the cytotoxic activity against hepatocarcinoma cells in vitro. This study provides a theoretical and experimental basis for clinical immunotherapy using DCIK-GPC3. Related Articles | Metrics

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The effects of different concentrations of crocin on receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL)–induced osteoclastogenesis LIN Si-si 1,ZHANG Li-wei 2,SUN Wang1,SHI Geng-sheng1△ 2018, 46 (2):  122-125.  doi: 10.11958/20171264 Abstract ( 801 )   PDF (935KB) ( 5070 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the effects of different concentrations of crocin on receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) - induced osteoclastogenesis using the monocyte-macrophage cell line RAW264.7. Methods The monocyte-macrophage cell line RAW264.7 was cultured routinely. After treatment with 0, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 μmol/L crocin, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to analyze the viability of RAW264.7 cells to screen out the appropriate experimental concentration. RAW264.7 cells were induced by RANKL (100 ng / L) to form osteoclasts. After treated with 0, 12.5, 50 and 100 μmol / L crocin respectively, the number of osteolasts was counted by tatrate resistant acid phosphatasec (TRAP) staining. Real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of calcitonin receptor (CTR), nuclear factor of active T cells 1 (NFATC1), C-fos and TRAP. Results No significant effects of crocin (within 0-100 μmol / L) were found on the viability of RAW264.7 cells (P＞0.05). However, When crocin concentration was over 100 μmol/L, the cell proliferation was decreased, and which showed a significant inhibitory effect on proliferation (P＜0.05). Thus, 0-100 μmol / L crocin was selected as the experiment concentration. The amount of differentiated osteolasts and the expression levels of CTR, NFATC1, C-fos and TRAP mRNA were decreased significantly with the increased concentrations of crocin (P＜0.05). Conclusion At a certain concentration (0-100 μmol/L), the higher levels of crocin could inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental study of lentiviral vector - mediated bFGF gene transfection on rabbit BMSCs ZHANG Huai 1,PENG Wu-xun2△, LIU Gang2,ZHANG Jian2,ZHANG Fei 1,WANG Jian-bo1,ZHAO Yin1,LI Qing2 2018, 46 (2):  126-131.  doi: 10.11958/20171057 Abstract ( 722 )   PDF (1263KB) ( 3869 )   Abstract: Objective To observe the effect of lentiviral vector-mediated basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) gene transfection on the biological characteristics of rabbit bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) under in vitro culture conditions. Methods BMSCs were obtained by density gradient centrifugation and adherence screening. The bFGF gene was transfected into BMSCs by lentiviral vector and divided into bFGF transfection group, empty virus group and untransfected group according to the transfection conditions. After transfection, the morphology, expressions of bFGF mRNA and protein, cell proliferation, cell cycle and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were observed in three groups of cells. Results High density BMSCs were successfully obtained by density gradient centrifugation and adherence screening. After transfection of BMSCs with bFGF gene, the cell morphology showed no significant changes, while the expressions of bFGF mRNA and protein were significantly increased, the cell proliferation curve shifted upward, the proportion of proliferating cells increased, and the activity of ALP was significantly enhanced. There were significant differences between three groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion The rabbit bFGF gene is successfully introduced into the BMSCs cultured in vitro by lentiviral vector, and the target gene is stably expressed. The expression of bFGF can promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Related Articles | Metrics

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The role of miR-301b in the regulation of adipocyte differentiation XU Xiao-wei 1,LI Zhi-jia2,WANG Bao-li 1△ 2018, 46 (2):  131-134.  doi: 10.11958/20170897 Abstract ( 637 )   PDF (338KB) ( 3475 )   Abstract: Objective To examine the effect of miR-301b in the regulating the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into adipocytes. Methods Murine ST2 stromal cells were isolated, cultured and induced with adipogenic agents. The expression of miR-301b was detected by qRT-PCR in adipogenic differentiation group and control group. Stromal ST2 cells were transfected with miR-301b mimics followed by adipogenic treatment. qRT-PCR and Western blotting were conducted to detect the changes of adipocyte specific genes and protein expression levels in the miR-301b mimics transfection group and negative control (NC) transfection group. Results qRT-PCR showed that the expression of miR-301b was decreased after adipogenic treatment in ST2 cells. The relative expression level of miR-301b was less in the adipogenic differentiation group (0.219 ± 0.021) than that of the control group (1.000 ± 0.425, P＜0.05). The relative expressions of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα) and adipocyte fatty acid binding proteins (aP2) were lower in the miR-301b mimics transfecting group than those in the NC transfecting group (P＜0.05). The protein levels of the marker gene aP2 and transcription factors PPARγ and C / EBPα decreased in miR-310b mimics transfecting group compared with those of the NC transfecting group (P＜0.05). Conclusion miR-301b can reduce adipocyte differentiation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Nrf2-autophagy pathway in rats of the incisional pain-remifentanil -induced hyperalgesia GU Xi-yan, WANG Zhi-hong, YU Yong-hao△ 2018, 46 (2):  135-138.  doi: 10.11958/20171030 Abstract ( 906 )   PDF (386KB) ( 3812 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-autophagy pathway on the incisional pain-remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia of rat model. Methods Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into three groups: saline+incisional pain group (group I), remifentanil+incisional pain group (group RI) and Nrf2 agonist t-BHQ group (group tBHQ), with 8 rats in each group. In group I and RI, normal saline at 0.1 mL/(kg· min) and remifentanilat 1 μg/(kg·min) were respectively infused into caudal vein for 60 min. Rats in group t-BHQ were injected intraperitoneally with Nrf2 agonist t-BHQ (15 mg/kg), the first time at 0.5 h before remifentanil infusion, per 12 h once, 4 times in a row, the rest management was the same as group RI. Brennan incision pain model rats were constructed along with the infusions in the three groups. The thermal paw withdraw latency (PWL) and mechanical paw withdraw threshold (PWT) were measured at 24 h before the infusion (T0) and at 2 h (T1), 6 h (T2), 24 h (T3), 48 h (T4) after the infusion. Rats were sacrificed after the tests, then the L4-6 segments of signal cord were removed and the expression levels of autophagy-related proteins, microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 Ⅱ(LC3 Ⅱ), Beclin 1, Nrf2 and Nrf2 downstream molecular hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) were detected by Western blot assay. Results The PWT and PWL values were decreased significantly with the prolongation of the processing time in the three groups. Compared with group I, PWL and PWT values were decreased at T1-4, the expression levels of LC3Ⅱ and Beclin-1 were increased while Nrf2 and HO-1 were decreased at T in group RI ( 0.05). While compared with group RI, PWL and PWT values were increased, and the expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 were increased, LC3Ⅱ and Beclin-1 protein were upregulated in group tBHQ (P＜0.05). Conclusion The activation of Nrf2-autophagy pathway can improve the incisional pain- remifentanil induced hyperalgesia. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the dynamic changes of endothelial progenitor cells in peripheral blood and cognitive ability of rats with different degrees of traumatic brain injury WANG Ji-wei 1, 2,WANG Yi 1,WANG Dong1,ZHOU Yuan1,CHEN Fang-lian2,CUI Wei-yun2,LIU Li 2,ZHANG Jian-ning1, 2△ 2018, 46 (2):  139-143.  doi: 10.11958/20171240 Abstract ( 736 )   PDF (435KB) ( 4943 )   Abstract: Objective To observe the dynamic changes of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in peripheral blood and cognitive ability of rats with different degrees of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods A total of 28 male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham group, mild traumatic brain injury group, moderate traumatic brain injury group and severe traumatic brain injury group, seven rats in each group. A hole was drilled on the right parietal skull (4.0 mm posterior from bregma and 3 mm lateral to the sagittal suture, hippocampal region) to expose the dura. Rats were subjected to different degrees of traumatic brain injury of 0.9, 2.1, 3.2 atm (1 atm=101.325 kPa). The dynamic changes of EPCs, white blood cell count (WBC) and platelets (PLT) in the circulating blood were measured before (0 h) and after TBI (3, 6, 24, 48, 72, 168, 240 and 336 h after trauma). Morris water maze (MWM) test was performed to record the escape latency and target quadrant change on day 21-25 after TBI in four groups. Results The number of circulating EPCs kept stable throughout the experiment in the sham group. The numbers of EPCs were significantly lower at 3 h after injury in mild, moderate and severe traumatic brain injury groups (17.4±3.1, 15.6±5.0 and 23.6±3.0) than those in the sham group (53.6±7.9, P＜0.05). The numbers of EPCs at 6 h after injury were increased rapidly, and which were significantly higher in the mild and moderate TBI group than those in sham group (P＜0.05). Then the number of EPCs dropped to the normal level on 48 h after injury. The changes of EPCs was inconsistent with the WBC and PLT during the whole experiment. The positioning cruise experiment showed that the escape latency shortened over time in each group. The escape latency was longer in TBI group than that in sham group during the same period. The spatial probe test showed that the percentages of the target quadrant were significantly lower in the moderate and severe TBI groups than those in the sham group and the mild TBI group. Conclusion With the severity of traumatic brain injury, the cognitive ability reduces in model rats. The level of endothelial progenitor cells in circulating blood is related to the severity of the traumatic brain injury, and can be used as a marker to judge the prognosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Interventional effects of prunella vulgaris sulfated polysaccharide on CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats FU Yue-yue, ZHANG Shuang-xia, ZHANG Guo-liang△ 2018, 46 (2):  143-147.  doi: 10.11958/20170996 Abstract ( 772 )   PDF (594KB) ( 3888 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the intervention effects of prunella vulgaris sulfated polysaccharide (PVSP) on carbon tetrachaloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic fibrosis in rat. Methods The 40% CCl4 was used to induce hepatic fibrosis in rat model, then successful model rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, with 10 rats in each group, respectively, the model group (Model), the high dose PVSP group (PVSP-H: 400 mg/kg) and the low dose PVSP group (PVSP-L: 100 mg/kg). The blank group and solvent group were also established. The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were determined by automatic biochemical analyzer. HE staining and Sirius red staining were used to examine the degree of hepatic fibrosis. The expression levels of collagen type Ⅰ (Col-Ⅰ) and α - smooth muscle actin (α- SMA) mRNA were detected by qRT-PCR. Col-Ⅰ and α-SMA in hepatic tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry staining. Results There were no significant changes in serum expressions of ALT and AST and mRNA proteins of Col-Ⅰ and α-SMA in liver tissues between the blank group and Solvent group. Compared with the model group, the serum levels of ALT and AST were significantly decreased in the PVSP-H and PVSP-L groups (P＜0.05). HE staining and Sirius red staining showed that PVSP could significantly reduce the degree of hepatic fibrosis. The expression of Col-Ⅰ and α-SMA mRNA were decreased in the PVSP-H and PVSP-L groups (P＜0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed that the expressions of Col - Ⅰ and α - SMA in hepatic tissues were decreased by PVSP (P＜0.05), and the effect was dose-dependent. Conclusion PVSP has a protective effect on CCl4 - induced hepatic fibrosis in rats, which may be related with the inhibiting expressions of Col-Ⅰand α-SMA, reducing secretion of collagen and promoting extracellular matrix degradation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of the therapeutic effects between penetrating resin and fluoride on early enamel caries HE Wei-wei, WANG Xiao-ming, AN Feng， LIN Wei-long 2018, 46 (2):  148-0.  doi: 10.11958/20170944 Abstract ( 867 )   PDF (1105KB) ( 5027 )   Abstract：Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of penetrating resin and fluoride on early enamel caries. Methods Sixty intact bovine incisors were immersed in demineralized solution for 24 hours to make bovine incisor enamel caries. The specimens were divided into four groups (n=15 for each group) according to the treatment methods: control group (CON) - immersion in artificial saliva, DF group-immersion in 0.05% fluoride solution daily, WF group-2% fluoride gel weekly and IC group-resin infiltration. After processing for four and eighe weeks, the microhardness of the surface of each group was measured. After the treatment for four weeks, the depth of penetration and the microhardness of the samples were measured. After 8-week treatment, all samples were reintroduced into the demineralized solution for 24 hours and the microhardness of the samples was measured again. Results Results of microhardness assessment showed that there were no significant differences in baseline values (after white spots) between four groups (P＞0.05). After treatment for four weeks the microhardness value reached the peak in IC group. After treatment for eight weeks the microhardness values reached the peak in DF group and WF group. The values of microhardness were significantly higher at different time points in IC group than those of other groups (P＜0.05). After 4-week treatment, the percentages of penetration depth were significantly higher in DF, WF and IC groups than those of control group (P＜0.01). The penetration depth was significantly higher in IC group than that of DF group and WF group (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the penetration depth between DF group and WF group (P＞0.05). Conclusion For the early enamel caries penetration resin, the penetration percentage is significantly higher than the fluoride treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of trimetazidine on myocardial autophagy in rats with heart failure after myocardial infarction TAN Shu-na1,FENG Jin-ping2△, FENG Chao2,TIAN Cui-yan1,CHEN Shu-tao2 2018, 46 (2):  152-156.  doi: 10.11958/20171065 Abstract ( 898 )   PDF (1168KB) ( 4429 )   Abstract: Objective To observe changes of left ventricular function and the level of autophagy after treatment with trimetazine in rats with heart failure after myocardial infarction (MI). Methods Twenty healthy male Wistar rats with the ligation of the proximal part of the left descending branch were randomly and equally allocated into two groups, model group (M group) and trimetazine group (Q group). A sham group (S group) was made up by 10 sham-operated rats. Rats of trimetazine group were given trimetazine (15 mg/kg) once a day for 4 weeks. Then left ventricular function was measured by echocardiography, and hemodynamics was evaluated by Millar pressure-volume system. Serum levels of NT-proBNP and hs- TnT were tested by ELISA. Pathological changes and fibrosis of myocardium were observed by HE and Masson staining. The myocardial apoptosis level was observed by TUNEL, and expressions of autophagy related protein and gene in myocardial tissue were detected by Western blot assay and RT-PCR. Results Trimetazine treatment significantly improved left ventricular dilatation and dysfunction in rats with myocardial failure. Trimetazine treatment also significantly improved pressure overload and the compliance decrease of left ventricular in rats with heart failure after myocardial infarction. Trimetazidine reduced the edema, necrosis and myocardial fibrosis of cardiac myocytes in rats with heart failure. The results from ELISA showed that serum levels of NT-proBNP and hs-TnT were significantly lower in the trimetazine group than those of model group. Compared with model group, the cardiomyocyte apoptosis decreased significantly in the trimetazine group. The results from Western blot assay and RT-PCR showed that autophagic flow of myocardium was increased remarkably in the trimetazine group than that of model group. Conclusion Autophagy has a protective effect on myocardial cells. Trimetazine can improve cardiac function through up-regulation of autophagy in cardiomyocytes in MI rats with heart failure. Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect of fragmented QRS complex on the early left ventricular remodeling and heart function in patients with acute myocardial infarction REN Tao-jun, LIAN Wei, LI Heng, HAN Cong-cong, XU Yan-min△ 2018, 46 (2):  157-161.  doi: 10.11958/20171254 Abstract ( 752 )   PDF (361KB) ( 3553 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the relationship between fragmented QRS (fQRS) complex and the early left ventricular remodeling or heart function in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods A total of 76 patients with AMI hospitalized in CCU of the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into fQRS group (n=29) and non-fQRS group (n=47). The clinical data including ECG, laboratory indicators, coronary angiography results and real-time three-dimensional (RT-3D) echocardiography parameter were collected in two groups. The relationship between fQRS and baseline data, fQRS and RT-3D echocardiography parameter were analyzed. At the same time, the influencing factors of left ventricular remodeling and heart function were discussed in the study. Results Compared with non-fQRS group, left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) and left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) were significantly higher, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was significantly lower in fQRS group (P＜ 0.05). Several three-dimensional parameters including Tmsv16-SD (%) and Tmsv 16-Dif (%) were significantly higher in fQRS group than those in non-fQRS group (P＜0.05). There were no significant differences in Tmsv 16-SD (ms), Tmsv 12- SD (ms), Tmsv 12-SD (%), Tmsv 6-SD (ms), Tmsv 6-SD (%), Tmsv 16-Dif (ms), Tmsv 12-Dif (ms), Tmsv 12-Dif (%), Tmsv 6-Dif (ms) and Tmsv 6-Dif (%) between two groups. Logistic regression analysis showed that fQRS and Gensini scores had effects on heart function. At the same time, fQRS was an independent predictor for left ventricular remodeling. Conclusion Left ventricular remodeling is more obvious in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated with fQRS, and fQRS can predict left ventricular remodeling better. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical observation on the thoracic esophageal cancer patients treated with elective nodal irradiation and involved field irradiation Abulikemujiang·ADILI 1,WANG Hai-feng1,Yisikandaer·ABULIMITI 1△, HUO Dong-jie1,ZHANG Ling1,Zumulaiti·KUERBAN2 2018, 46 (2):  161-165.  doi: 10.11958/20171072 Abstract ( 984 )   PDF (378KB) ( 3496 )   Abstract：Objective To observe the curative effect, failure pattern and treatment-related toxicities of elective nodal irradiation (ENI) and involved field irradiation (IFI) in patients with thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma treated with radical radiotherapy, and determine the reasonable target delineation of radiotherapy. Methods Using prospective randomized controlled design, a total of 86 patients with thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were randomly allocated to two groups: ENI group (n=39) and IFI group (n=47). Both groups received concurrent chemoradiotherapy. In ENI group, the high-risk lymphatic drainage area received prophylactic irradiation on the basis of IFI group. After the treatment, all patients were followed up for 3~33 months. The median follow-up period was 15 months. The short-term effective rate, one year survival rate, progression free survival rate and the local control rate of two groups were calculated. The survival curve was drawn by the Kaplan-Meier method, and the survival rate was compared using the Log-rank method. Meanwhile, the treatment failure pattern and incidence of adverse reactions were analyzed in the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in effective rate between ENI group and IFI group (92.3% vs. 95.7%， χ2 =0.460, P＞0.05). The one- year survival rates were 66.7% and 68.1% for the two groups, respectively. The progression-free survival rates were 56.4% and 53.2% respectively. The local control rates were 92.3% and 87.5% respectively, with no statistical difference (P＞0.05). The median survival time was 15 months at the end of the follow-up for group ENI and group IFI, and there was no significant difference in survival rate between two groups (Log-rank χ2 =1.520， P=0.218). There were 35 cases with treatment failure in all 86 patients, of which 17 cases were in group ENI and 18 cases in group IFI. The regional failure rates were 35.9% and 27.7% in ENI and IFI groups respectively, distant metastasis rates were 20.5% and 14.9% respectively, in-field failure rates were 30.8% and 23.4% respectively, and out-of-field failure rates were 4.3% and 5.1% respectively, which showed no significant differences (P＞0.05). There were no significant differences in side effects, the incidence of bone marrow suppression, gastrointestinal reactions, radiation esophagitis and radiation-induced lung injury between two groups (P＞0.05). Conclusion ENI shows similar recent efficacy, failure patterns, adverse reactions and prognosis with IFI for thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients receiving radical radiotherapy. So IFI treatment is recommended to minimize the exposure dosage of normal tissue. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical significance of SIRT1 expression in invasion and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma KONG De-hua1,ZENG Wei 1,ZHU Jin-feng2,SHAN Li 1△ 2018, 46 (2):  166-170.  doi: 10.11958/20171224 Abstract ( 968 )   PDF (725KB) ( 4245 )   Abstract: Objective To observe the expression of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and its relationship with invasion and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its effect on survival and prognosis. Methods The clinical and pathological data of 104 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent radical esophagectomy at the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January to December 2009 were retrospectively reviewed. Immunohistochemical method (EnVision method) was used to detect the expression of SIRT1 in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues. The clinicopathological features of different SIRT1 expressions were compared. The factors affecting the prognosis of the patients with esophageal cancer were analyzed. Results The positive expression rate of SIRT1 protein was significantly higher in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues than that in adjacent tissues (61.54% vs. 29.81%, χ2 =21.100, P＜0.05). The expression of SIRT1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was significantly correlated with vascular infiltration (VI), infiltration depth (pT), lymph node metastasis (pN) and clinical stage (pTNM) (P＜ 0.05). Univariate survival analysis showed that the overall survival time (OS) was significantly lower in patients with SIRT1 positive expression than that of patients with negative expression (Log-rank χ2 =10.065， P＜0.05). SIRT1 positive expression, lymph node metastasis, deep tumor infiltration, late clinical stage and vascular infiltration showed poor prognosis (P＜0.05). Cox multivariate regression analysis showed that SIRT1 positive expression, lymph node metastasis, depth of invasion and clinical stage were independent prognostic factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The prognosis of patients with deep tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, late clinical stage and high expression of SIRT1 was worse. Conclusion SIRT1 is highly expressed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and which is closely related to the invasion and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and has an effect on the prognosis of patients. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study of indwelling double J tube in improving urinary tract complications in patients with postoperative treatment after cervical cancer surgery ZHAO Qing-lian, DENG Li-xia, ZHANG Hao, ZHANG Xiao-wei, LIU Su-kun△ 2018, 46 (2):  171-174.  doi: 10.11958/20170790 Abstract ( 2340 )   PDF (332KB) ( 4783 )   Abstract：Objective To analyze the clinical application value of double J tube in the protection of renal function and the relief of urinary tract obstruction in patients with postoperative treatment after cervical cancer surgery. Methods There were 81 patients with cervical cancer (stage ⅠA & ⅠB & ⅡA) selected in our hospital from June 2013 to June 2016 who were treated with postoperative radiotherapy. Patients were divided into observation group (indwelling double J tube group, n=39) and control group (conventional treatment group, n=42). After the treatment, data of hydronephrosis, creatinine and urea nitrogen were compared between the two groups. Data of complications associated with indwelling ureteral stent including fever, infection, low back pain, percussion pain in renal region and radiation cystitis were recorded. Results The total incidence rate of hydronephrosis (10.3% vs. 33.3%) and the incidence of mild renal hydrocephalus (5.1% vs. 21.4%) were less in observation group than those in the control group (P＜0.05). There were no significant differences in incidence rates of hydronephrosis and mild renal hydrocephalus between the two groups. The levels of creatinine ［(116.9±43.0) μmol/L vs. (170.8±68.4) μmol/L］ and urea nitrogen ［(5.4±1.9) mmol/L vs. (7.7±2.5) mmol/L］ were lower in the observation group than those in the control group (P＜0.05). Except for the urea nitrogen of the observation group, there were significant differences in creatinine and urea nitrogen before and after treatment between two groups (P＜0.05). During the indwelling of the double J tube, there were no significant differences in the incidences of fever, infection, lumbago, renal percussion pain and radiation cystitis between observation group and control group (P＞0.05). Conclusion It is effective, safe and feasible to prevent ureteral obstruction and protect renal function by indwelling double J tube in patients with postoperative treatment after cervical cancer surgery. Related Articles | Metrics

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Manifestation of medullary thyroid carcinoma on 18 F-FDG PET/CT ZHENG Hong-na, XIE Jing-hui, ZHU Yi, ZHANG Yan-jun△ 2018, 46 (2):  175-177.  doi: 10.11958/20171329 Abstract ( 1596 )   PDF (367KB) ( 4448 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the 18 F-FDG PET / CT features of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), and to improve its diagnosis preoperatively. Methods Data of 18 F-FDG PET/CT findings and clinical materials of 7 patients with MTC confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed. SUVmaxE and SUVmaxD were measured in primary tumor, and retention index (RI) was calculated. Results There were four patients with single lesion, two patients with double lesions, one patient with multiple lesions, four patients with lesions of irregular shape, four patients with lesions of unclear border, seven patients with lesions of uneven decreased density and five patients with calcifications in lesions. Uptake of 18 F-FDG in primary tumor was lower in 2 patients, their SUVmaxE values were 2.5 and 2.1 respectively, and RI values were -20%and -14.3% respectively. The other five patients showed higher metabolism in both early and delayed imaging, and SUVmaxE was 3.6-9.1 with an average of 5.8±2.1. RI was 7.5%-45.8% with the average of 21.3%±16.2%. There were five patients with cervical lymph node metastasis. The high metabolism was found in both early and delayed imaging of FDG. The ranges of SUVmaxE and SUVmaxD were 3.2-8.2 and 3.3-9.8 respectively. None of 7 patients showed distant metastasis. Conclusion 18 F-FDG PET/ CT is helpful for identifying MTC and providing information about biological behavior and evaluating metastasis of MTC. Related Articles | Metrics

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High- and low-grade pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: CT and MRI features XU Xiang-hong, ZHANG Xue, CHEN Wen-lin, HU Chun-feng△ 2018, 46 (2):  178-182.  doi: 10.11958/20171140 Abstract ( 1905 )   PDF (956KB) ( 4223 )   Abstract: Objective To analyze the CT and MRI features of high and low grade pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNET). Methods The clinical, imaging and pathological data of 32 patients with PNET collected from January 2011 to May 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 21 cases with low grade PNET (G1, G2) and 11 cases with high grade PNET (G3). All of the 32 patients were performed with CT or MRI examination before operation, and pathology analysis was confirmed after operation. The imaging findings were compared between high- and low-grade PNET groups. Results In 32 patients, 31 cases were with single lesion, only 1 case with two lesions. Twelve cases were in G1, 9 cases in G2 and 11 cases in G3. Lesion location: 10 lesions were in pancreatic head, 10 lesions in body and 12 lesions in tail. Lesion shape: 19 lesions were round, and 13 lesions were irregular. Lesion internal components: 16 cases were solid lesion, 14 cases were as a cystic- solid lesion and 2 cases were cystic lesion. Calcification was found in 5 cases. Pancreatic bile tract dilatation was found in 3 cases (both were G3). The other organs or lymph gland metastasis were found in 4 cases (both were G3), in which 2 cases were with liver metastasis, 2 cases with lymphatic metastasis. High-grade PNET was usually located in the head of the pancreas, tumors were large in size, and the shape was often irregular, showing low enhancement on enhanced CT or MRI, which can be accompanied by dilation of the pancreatic bile tract and other organs or lymph node metastasis. Conclusion High-grade and low-grade PNET shows certain imaging characteristics, such as tumor diameter, shape, location, internal components, enhancement pattern, pancreatic bile tract dilatation and metastases features, which has important value for the forecast of preoperative pathology grade of PNET. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative study on Glasgow-Blatchford score and full Rockall score system in predicting clinical outcomes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding XUE Ting1,HU Feng2△ 2018, 46 (2):  182-186.  doi: 10.11958/20170885 Abstract ( 1302 )   PDF (409KB) ( 4014 )   Abstract: Objective To compare Glasgow-Blatchford score (GBS) with full Rockall score system (full RS) in predicting clinical outcomes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). Methods Four hundred hospitalized UGIB patients were enrolled in this study in Baoji Central Hospital from March 2014 to June 2016. Patients were scored by full RS and GBS, respectively. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to compare the predictive values of the two score systems for mortality, re-bleeding, transfusion, ICU admission and endoscopic intervention. Results Thirty- eight cases were lost in follow-up. The one-month mortality rate, re-bleeding rate, blood transfusion rate, ICU admission rate and endoscopic intervention rate of 362 patients were 11.6%, 9.4%, 17.7%, 13.3% and 16.0%, respectively. GBS showed better predictive values in ICU admission (AUC=0.731, P=0.009), re-bleeding (AUC=0.707, P=0.019), blood transfusion (AUC=0.704, P=0.021) and endoscopic intervention (AUC=0.742, P=0.006). Full RS showed better predictive values in one-month mortality (AUC=0.681, P=0.040). There was significant difference in predicting value of clinical outcomes of UGIB by ROC curve between GBS and full-RS systems (P＜0.05). Conclusion The GBS system is more suitable for predicting clinical outcomes of ICU admission, re-bleeding, blood transfusion and endoscopic intervention in patients of UGIB. The full-RS system is more suitable for predicting one-month mortality of UGIB patients. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical observation of the stenting and medication for vertebral artery origin stenosis CHEN Dan-dan1,WANG Xiu2 2018, 46 (2):  187-190.  doi: 10.11958/20170935 Abstract ( 769 )   PDF (339KB) ( 3554 )   Abstract: Objective To compare the efficacy between stenting and medication in patients with vertebral artery origin stenosis. Methods Seventy-six patients with vertebral artery origin stenosis were divided into stent group (n=40) and medication group (n=36). The incidences of complications in the perioperative period (30 days after surgery), and the rates of cerebral ischemic events after 3 months, 6 months and 12 months were recorded in two groups. The changes of vascular stenosis after 12 months were also observed in two groups. Results Forty-three stents were implanted in 40 patients. The operation success rate was 100%, and perioperative complication rate was 12.5%. The vascular stenosis rate was decreased from (80.36±6.42) % to (18.21±5.92)% after operation in the stent group, and increased to (22.82± 9.80)% after 12 months. There was no significant difference in the vascular stenosis rate between postoperative instant and 12 months after operation (P＞0.05). The vascular stenosis rate was increased from (79.98±5.76)% to (83.42±9.53)% after treatment in the medication group but no statistical significance in the difference (P＞0.05). There was no significant difference in the vascular stenosis rate between the stent group and the medication group before treatment, but which was significantly lower in the stent group than that of the medication group after 12-month treatment (P＜0.05). There were four cases (10%) of ischemic events in the stent group and 10 cases (27.8%) in the medication group during the follow-up period. The ischemic events were significantly lower in the stent group than those of the medication group (P＜0.05). Conclusion Stenting is safe and effective for patients with vertebral artery origin stenosis, which is better than medication for preventing the occurrence of the posterior circulation ischemic events. Related Articles | Metrics

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Simple external skin expansion technique in treatment of skin necrosis defect after the surgery for Pilon fracture ZHAO Shi-jun， YAN Bing， WANG Ai-guo△ 2018, 46 (2):  191-194.  doi: 10.11958/20171107 Abstract ( 893 )   PDF (468KB) ( 3641 )   Abstract: Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of simple external skin expansion technique in treatment of skin necrosis defect after the surgery for Pilon fracture. Methods Data of 12 patients with skin necrosis defect after the surgery for Pilon fracture treated with simple external skin expansion technique in our hospital from May 2015 to January 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 10 males and 2 females in the 12 patients with age 32-58 years old (average 45.30± 8.91 years old). There were 4 cases with open fractures and 8 cases with closed fractures. The defect area was about 9.1 cm long and 3.9 cm wide. There were 3 cases with skin necrosis of open fractures and 9 cases with postoperative skin necrosis of incision site. After completely debridement and removing infection from the skin necrosis areas, kirschner needle wired intermittented through the skin, the kirschner wire was around a sterile silicone rubber tube at both ends and the kirschner wire was connected to the both ends of the Kirschner on the opposite side. After giving moderate tensile force, which showed that the skin on both sides was still bleeding, no obvious pale color on skin, two ends of rubber tube were fixed with forceps. Using the ductility of skin and the tensile force of sterile silicone rubber tube to gradually extend the skin and to gradually narrow and close the suturing wound. All patients were followed up for 3-6 months to observe the effect of surgery. Results All of the 12 cases were healed in 2-4 weeks, average (2.50±0.59) weeks. The patients were sutured directly after simple external skin expansion, and 4 patients were sutured with the surface of the external plate or tendon, and parts of wound were delayed healed after the re-suture. The skin color, lustre, hair growth and elasticity were normal, no bloated, and tenderness was normal after simple external skin expansion. Conclusion The simple external skin expansion technique in treatment of skin necrosis defect after the surgery for Pilon fracture is a simple, effective and economic method, which is worthy of clinical promotion. Related Articles | Metrics

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The application value of the clinical pathway in the repairing distal extension removable partial denture LIU Shuang△, YAN Hui 2018, 46 (2):  195-198.  doi: 10.11958/20171047 Abstract ( 703 )   PDF (399KB) ( 4600 )   Abstract：Objective To study the application value of the clinical pathway in the repairing distal extension removable partial denture. Methods One hundred and thirty patients with free-end dentition defect were selected in this study. In the oral cavity, the conditions of the mucosa were similar in terms of the residual teeth and alveolar crest mucosa, and the two groups of the same species were divided into 65 pairs. The random digital table method was used to divide patients into clinical path group and traditional repair group. The frequency of adjustments during the adaptive phase, masticatory efficiency of the denture at ending of the adaptive phase, visible movement of the extension base during the masticatory, decay of abutment, abutments loosen and food embedded plug were compared between the two groups. Results The frequency of adjustments during the adaptive phase was significantly lower in clinical path group than that of traditional repair group [1.00 (1.00, 2.00) times vs. 3.00 (2.00, 4.00) times]. The masticatory efficiency of the denture was higher in clinical path group than that of traditional repair group (93.85% vs. 76.96%). The visible movement of the extension base during mastication (0 vs. 15.38%), decay of abutment (1.54% vs. 13.85%), abutments loosen (0 vs. 12.31%) and food embedded plug (1.54% vs. 15.38%) were significantly lower in clinical path group than those of traditional repair group (P＜ 0.05). Conclusion The retention and the stabilization of the removable partial denture can be improved by means of clinical pathway. By following the clinical path method, the removable partial denture shows reduced unstable state of the denture in the functional state and has a good prospect for clinical application. Related Articles | Metrics

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Case report and literature review of ATP6V0A2 gene mutation features of the patient with congenital cutis laxa SHI Wu-juan, SHU Jian-bo, LIU Xiao-jun, SONG Li, MA Qing-rong, WANG Dan△ 2018, 46 (2):  199-202.  doi: 10.11958/20171075 Abstract ( 1072 )   PDF (716KB) ( 4003 )   Abstract：The incidence of autosomal recessive cutis laxa induced by ATP6VOA2 gene mutation is extremely low in neonates and rarely reported in China. There was one case of ATP6VOA2 gene mutations caused autosomal recessive cutis laxa diagnosed in Tianjin Children’ s Hospital. This article reviewed the diagnosis and treatment of the patient and reviewed the relevant literature, in order to improve the understanding of the disease. Related Articles | Metrics

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A case report of the thyroid-like follicular renal cell carcinoma WANG Hong-yan, SONG Wen-jing△ 2018, 46 (2):  202-205.  doi: 10.11958/20171285 Abstract ( 1007 )   PDF (753KB) ( 3610 )   Abstract: The thyroid–like follicular renal cell carcinoma is an extremely rare kind of kidney neoplasms with unique clinicopathological features. The definitive diagnosis relies mainly on characteristically histological morphology, immunophenotype and clinical data. A case of thyroid-like follicular renal cell carcinoma with typically morphological character was reported. The patient suffered from low back pain, frequent urination, with the renal MR showing the right renal sinus nodule. The mass was located at the lower pole of the right kidney-close to the renal portal below the renal pelvis. After receiving simple resection of the right kidney tumor, the case was diagnosed as thyroid-like follicular renal cell carcinoma by pathological examination, and no recurrence or metastasis was observed after 6-month follow up. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on prevalence survey of healthcare-associated infections in Tianjin Chest Hospital from 2014 to 2016 WU Xue1,2, ZHANG Shu-jing3, LI Guan-hua2, LU Jin-ling2, TIAN Li-zhi2, WEI Dian-jun1△ 2018, 46 (2):  206-210.  doi: 10.11958/20171006 Abstract ( 1110 )   PDF (402KB) ( 3466 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the infection state and tendency in Tianjin Chest Hospital from 2014 to 2016, and provide scientific basis for making strategy to prevent and control nosocomial infection. Methods With bedside investigation and medical case review, one day every year was selected as the day of investigation to survey the healthcare- associated infections in our hospital during 2014-2016. Data of operative incision, infection condition, the usage of anti- bacterial agents and bacteria detection were collected and organized for further study. Results A total of 2 285 patients were investigated during 2014 to 2016, in which nosocomial infection was found in 55 cases. The total prevalence of healthcare-associated infections was 2.41%. The prevalence rates of healthcare-associated infections in each year were 2.62%, 2.63% and 2.05% respectively, and no significant differences between them (χ2 =0.750, P＞0.05). In the three years, the highest prevalence rates were found in Department of Cardiac Surgery (13.79%), Department of Cardiac Surgery (7.48%) and Department of Endocrine (7.41%) respectively. The lower respiratory tract infection was the main infection site of nosocomial infection (61.11%- 78.95%), followed by upper respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection and blood infection. In 2014-2016, pathogenic detection rates for specimens were 77.78%, 85.71% and 88.89% from patients with nosocomial infection ( 2 =0.735 0.05). Forty-five strains of pathogen were isolated from 2014 to 2016. The main pathogen was the gram-negative bacteria, and 32 strains were isolated during the three years, which accounted for 71.11%. Six strains of gram-positive bacteria were isolated, which accounted for 13.33%. Seven strains of fungus were isolated, which accounted for 15.56%. The predominant pathogens were Klebsiella pneumonia (10 isolates), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8 isolates) and Acinetobacter baumannii (5 isolates). The antibiotic utilization rates were 28.40%, 29.17% and 23.74% respectively from 2014 to 2016 (χ2 =7.175， P＜0.05). In the three years, most of antibiotics were used therapeutically, accounting for 83.39%, 14.17% received for prophylactic use, and 2.44% received for both prophylactic use and treatment (χ2 =29.151， P＜0.05). The rates of bacteria detection in patients who received therapeutic use were 77.02%, 74.42% and 75.77% respectively (χ2 =0.306， P＞0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of healthcare-associated infection of Tianjin Chest Hospital is maintained at a stable level. The monitoring and prevention of key departments, sites and predominant pathogens should be strengthen, and effective measures for preventing and controlling nosocomial infection should be formulated scientifically, so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on biologic repair of rotator cuff injury WANG Zeng-liang1,XU Hai-wei 2△, LUAN Ya-jing3△, XU Bao-shan2,YANG Qiang2,CHEN De-sheng1 2018, 46 (2):  211-215.  doi: 10.11958/20170954 Abstract ( 1182 )   PDF (341KB) ( 3922 )   Abstract: Rotator cuff injury is a common shoulder disease, which often results in pain and limited motion of shoulder and reduces the quality of life. There are some limitations for current treatments, which often lead to repair failure or reinjury of rotator cuff. Therefore, a novel repair technique is needed. Biologic repair represents a novel technique in the management of rotator cuff injury, and has the potential to restore the normal histological structure of rotator cuff. Biologic repair involves the application of growth factors and/ or cells to promote the regeneration of rotator cuff tendons. This study reviewed the literatures on biologic repair of rotator cuff injury, and presented the research progress. Related Articles | Metrics

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The progress of interrelationship between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and sudden cardiac death JIA Xin-le, WEI Meng-yan, WANG Cui-hua, ZHENG Ming-qi △ 2018, 46 (2):  216-220.  doi: 10.11958/20170969 Abstract ( 774 )   PDF (332KB) ( 4067 )   Abstract: Both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and sudden cardiac death (SCD) are major health burdens. In conclusion, cumulating evidence associates COPD with an increased risk of SCD. First, it is found that asystole and pulseless electric activity (PEA) are more common than ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) in deaths associated with COPD in studying interrelationship between COPD and ventricul ararrhythmias and cardiac arrest. The underlying mechanism explaining this association requires further investigation. Second, it is found that COPD is associated with a prolonged and shortened QT interval in studying the role of ECG markers between SCD and COPD. Finally, studies of the potential impact of respiratory treatment on the occurrence of SCD showed conflicting results. Accurate prediction of SCD in the general population is still a challenge. The risk assessment of SCD might be guided by studying the link between COPD and SCD. Related Articles | Metrics

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New perspectives on cardiovascular benefits of conventional statins and their combination therapy for lipid regulation FENG Na-na1,WANG Zuo-lan2,CHE Jing-jin1△ 2018, 46 (2):  220-224.  doi: 10.11958/20171062 Abstract ( 758 )   PDF (337KB) ( 3550 )   Abstract: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) are the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Previous randomized controlled trials confirm that statin therapy can effectively reduce the level of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in patients with and without ASCVD. However, there is no widespread use of lipid-lowering therapy to achieve the benefit in high risk patients with ASCVD and patients without ASCVD. Therefore, it is necessary to further elaborate the clinical benefits of statins and their combined use for lipid regulating therapy and increasing the beneficiaries. Related Articles | Metrics