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15 August 2020, Volume 48 Issue 8 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Cell and Molecular Biology
Experimental Study
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Cell and Molecular Biology

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A research on the changes in gene expression of RD cells infected by EV71 based on transcriptome sequencing CHENG Kai, CAO Li, ZHANG Xin-yan, HAO Jin-fang, ZHANG Xiao-yan 2020, 48 (8):  689-694.  doi: 10.11958/20193350 Abstract ( 1009 )   PDF (1385KB) ( 6295 )   Objective　To investigate the effect of EV71 infection on autophagy and immune response of human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells and its mechanism based on transcriptome sequencing. Methods　Multiplicity of infection (MOI) was determined with different doses of EV71 infected RD cells. When MOI=1, the different time points (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 3, 6, 9 and 12 h) were selected for follow-up experiments. The changes in cell morphology and cell number were observed by inverted microscope. Western blot assay was used for observing protein expression. Changes in cell function and gene expression were analyzed by transcriptome sequencing. The intracellular protein expression was observed by high-conglutinative cell imaging. Results　The inverted microscope showed that cells gradually changed from fusiform adherence to circular suspension at 3 h after virus infection, and the number of cells decreased significantly compared with the 0 h group (P＜0.05). Western blot results showed that the cells had synthesised viral capsid protein1 (VP-1) at 6 h after infection, and values of LC-3Ⅱ/LC-3Ⅰwere significantly increased at 9 h after infection compared with those in the 0 h group (P＜0.01). Transcriptome sequencing results showed that gene expression changes in cells reached the peak at 3 h after infected, with      1 199 up-regulated genes and 126 down-regulated genes. KEGG analysis suggested that most of the altered signaling pathway molecules were related to autophagy and immunity. High-conglutinative cell imaging showed that the number of cells decreased and the average fluorescence intensity of intracellular autophagy protein increased after infection (P＜0.05). Conclusion　EV71 infects RD cells to promote the replication and assembly of the virus in cells through the autophagy related signaling pathway. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects and mechanism of down-regulated TMEM97 on proliferation and apoptosis of #br# ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells#br# LIU Jin-fang, XU Xiao-yan, ZHOU Ru-kui, XU Hui-chao, GAO Yan, MIAO Yu-chuan△ 2020, 48 (8):  695-699.  doi: 10.11958/20193497 Abstract ( 879 )   PDF (803KB) ( 6325 )   Objective　To explore the effects of transmembraneprotein 97 (TMEM97) on the proliferation and apoptosis of human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells and its mechanism. Methods　The SKOV3 cells were divided into transfection (si-TMEM97) group , negative control (siNC) group and blank control (Control) group. qPCR and Western blot assay were used to evaluate the TMEM97 silencing efficiency at mRNA and protein levels after siRNA-TMEM97 transfection. The proliferation ability of ovarian cancer cells was detected by CCK-8 assay after transfection. PI staining assay was used to observe the effect of down-regulated gene TMEM97 on cell cycle. The apoptosis rate was measured by Annexin V-FITC/PI assay. Western blot assay was used to evaluate the expressions of the B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X (Bax) and P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway-associated proteins (P38/MAPK and p-P38/MAPK). Results　Compared with the Control group and the siNC group, the proliferation ability of SKOV3 cells was inhibited in the si-TMEM97 group, and the early apoptosis rate of SKOV3 cells was significantly increased (P＜0.01). The relative expression of Bcl-2 protein in SKOV3 cells was significantly decreased, and the relative expressions of Bax protein and p-P38/MAPK were significantly increased in si-TMEM97 group than those of Control group and siNC group (all P＜0.05). Conclusion　The down-regulation of TMEM97 decreases the proliferation and increases the apoptosis of SKOV3 cells, which may be related with the regulating the Bcl-2/Bax expression and activating P38/MAPK signaling pathway. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of mitophagy mediated by BNIP3 on invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer HO-8910PM cells under hypoxia#br# CHEN Guo-qing, YE Ping, XU Ling, XIE Xiao-ying△ 2020, 48 (8):  700-704.  doi: 10.11958/20193910 Abstract ( 918 )   PDF (1019KB) ( 6360 )   Objective　To investigate the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2/Adenovirus E1B interacting protein 3 (BNIP3) of ovarian cancer HO-8910PM cells under normal and hypoxic conditions and its effects on mitophagy, cell invasion and metastasis. Methods　The human highly metastatic ovarian cancer cell line HO-8910PM was divided into three groups: normoxia group, hypoxia group and hypoxia+BNIP3 siRNA group. After 48 hours of treatment, mitophagy was detected by acridine orange staining and transmission electron microscopy. Migration and invasion of HO-8910PM cells were determined by scratch test and Transwell chamber assay. The mRNA and protein expressions of BNIP3 and LC3-Ⅱ were analyzed by qPCR and Western blot assay. Results　Under low oxygen conditions，acridine orange staining showed a significant increase in the incidence of mitophagy in HO-8910PM cells, and transmission electron microscopy showed a significant increase in the number of mitochondrial autophagy of HO-8910PM cells (P＜0.01).  After transfection of BNIP3 siRNA, mitochondrial autophagy, cell migration and invasion were significantly inhibited (P＜0.01). The mRNA and protein expressions of BNIP3 and LC3-Ⅱwere significantly increased in hypoxia group, which decreased significantly after transfection of BNIP3 siRNA under hypoxia (P＜0.01). Conclusion　The inhibition of BNIP3 expression in HO-8910PM cells under hypoxia can significantly inhibit mitophagy and reduce cell migration and invasion. Related Articles | Metrics

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Baicalin inhibits human cholangiocarcinoma cell proliferation via regulating c-Myc mediated cell cycle#br# XU Yang, XIAO Bin , WEI Mei , DAI Rong-yang , XIANG Yuan-cai △ 2020, 48 (8):  705-710.  doi: 10.11958/20193803 Abstract ( 943 )   PDF (1267KB) ( 6555 )   Objective　To investigate the effect of baicalin (BC) on the proliferation of human cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cell lines, QBC939 and RBE, and its underlying mechanism thereof. Methods　QBC939 and RBE cells on logarithmic growth phase were treated with different concentrations of BC for 24 h, and CCK-8 was used to evaluate the effect of BC alone treatment or in combination with c-Myc knockdown on the cell proliferation activity. The effect of BC on cell growth status was observed by microscope in CCA cells. The effect of BC on the cell cycle was examined by flow cytometry. Western blot assay was also employed to detect the effects of BC and c-Myc knockdown mediated by siRNA on the expressions of cell cycle related proteins, such as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27, Cyclin D1 and proto-oncogene protein c-Myc, respectively. Results　BC significantly inhibited the proliferation activities of QBC939 and RBE cells compared with 0 μmol/L group (P＜0.01). BC-treated cells were slow growth observed under the microscopic. BC significantly induced cell cycle arrest in S phase in QBC939 cells (P＜0.05). The protein levels of p27 and Cyclin D1 were markedly increased and decreased, respectively with the increase of BC concentrations (P＜0.01). The protein level of c-Myc was also declined after BC treatment. The knockdown of c-Myc alone with siRNAs demonstrated a same change in the protein levels of p27 and Cyclin D1 compared to BC treatment in QBC939 and RBE cells (P＜0.05). The knockdown of c-Myc alone can significantly inhibit the proliferation activities of QBC939 and RBE cells and further enhance the inhibitory effect of BC (P＜0.01). Conclusion　BC inhibits the proliferation of CCA cells via blocking c-Myc signaling pathway.  Related Articles | Metrics

Experimental Study

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The expression ICOSIg gene mediated by eukaryotic expression vector in rat adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells#br# GENG Jie, LIU Tao, JIANG Jin, LI Guang, HUANG Zhi-wei, WANG Yu-liang△ 2020, 48 (8):  711-714.  doi: 10.11958/20193697 Abstract ( 1078 )   PDF (597KB) ( 4395 )   Objective　To construct eukaryotic expression vector carrying inducible co-stimulator (ICOS) Ig fusion gene, and investigate the ICOSIg expression in rat adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs). Methods　The encode of the extracellular domain of rat ICOS was cloned. The encode of the domain was fused with the gene of Fc     region encoding human immunoglobulin IgG, in order to build the ICOSIg fusion gene and the secreted eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(＋)/ICOSIg. After DNA sequence analysis, the recombinant plasmid was transfected into ADSCs, and the expression of ICOSIg was confirmed by Western blot analysis. Results　The sequencing confirmed that   pcDNA3.1(＋)/ICOSIg plasmid were successfully constructed, and ICOSIg was successfully expressed in ADSCs. Conclusion　The ICOSIg can be successfully expressed in ADSCs, which provides the experimental basis for further research on immune tolerance mechanism. Related Articles | Metrics

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MCP-1 participates in the protective effect of valsartan on doxorubicin induced myocardial injury#br# HU Dan, XIAO He-liu, YU Qin△ 2020, 48 (8):  715-719.  doi: 10.11958/20200791 Abstract ( 798 )   PDF (697KB) ( 5014 )   Objective To investigate the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) in doxorubicin induced myocardial injury in SD rats and its potential intervention mechanism. Methods　Thirty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats aged 8 weeks with special pathogen free (SPF) animal grade were randomly divided into three groups: control group (Con group, n=10, gavage and intraperitoneal injection of saline solution), doxorubicin group (Dox group, n=10, intraperitoneal injection of 1.25 mL/kg doxorubicin + gavage of 2 mL/kg saline solution) and valsartan + doxorubicin group (Val+Dox group, n=10, intraperitoneal injection of 1.25 mL/kg doxorubicin + gavage of 2 mL/kg valsartan). After treatment for six weeks, the changes of cardiac function were detected by echocardiography. Myocardial tissue samples were collected for observing the myocardial ultrastructure under electron microscopy. The protein level of serum MCP-1, regulatory and activation of normal T cell expression and secretion factors (RANTES) and secondary lymphoid organ chemokine (6Ckine) were detected by protein chip technology. The expressions of MCP-1 in myocardial tissue samples were tested by Western blot assay. Results　Echocardiography indicated that compared with Con group, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) were significantly decreased in the other two groups, while the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVESD) and left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD) were obviously increased (P＜0.05). On the other hand, in comparison with Dox group, LVEF and LVFS were significantly increased in Val+Dox group, while LVESD and LVEDD were significantly decreased in Val+Dox group (P＜0.05).Under the electron microscope,the ultrastructure of myocardial cells was clear in the Con group, and the myocardial structure was dim, autophagic body was observed in the Dox group. In the Val+Dox group, the myocardial structure was blurred, the size of mitochondria was increased, and intact and swollen mitochondria were found to have different sizes. Compared with the Con group, the protein levels of MCP-1，RANTES and 6Ckine were up-regulated 1.87, 1.40 and 1.26-fold in Dox group (P＜0.05). Western blot assay displayed that the protein expression of MCP-1 was significantly higher in the Dox group than that of Con group (P＜0.05), and the protein expression of MCR-1 was significantly lower in the Dox group than that in the Val+Dox group (P＜0.05). Conclusion MCP-1 may be associated with doxorubicin induced myocardial injury, and valsartan may protect myocardial tissue from doxorubicin induced myocardial injury through down-regulating the expression of MCP-1. Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical Study

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The relationship between expressions of CD4, CD8 and CD68 in liver and cholangitis after Kasai operation#br# GE Liang, GOU Qing-yun, ZHAO Jin-feng, GAO Wei, ZHAN Jiang-hua△ 2020, 48 (8):  720-725.  doi: 10.11958/20192986 Abstract ( 893 )   PDF (918KB) ( 4048 )   Objective　To explore the relationship between the expressions of T lymphocyte surface antigens (CD4 and CD8)，macrophage-specific antigen (CD68) and Kasai postoperative cholangitis. Methods　Twenty-seven children with biliary atresia who underwent liver transplantation after Kasai operation were divided into frequent cholangitis group (10 cases), early cholangitis group (7 cases) and non-cholangitis group (10 cases) according to the previous outbreak of cholangitis. The general clinical data were compared between groups. The hilar liver tissues of each group were stained with HE to observe the degree of liver fibrosis, bile duct hyperplasia, inflammatory cell infiltration and bile plug. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expressions of CD4, CD8 and CD68 proteins. Results　There were no significant differences in sex, age, age of Kasai operation, native liver survival rate, white blood cells, C-reactive protein and liver function before liver transplantation between the three groups. HE staining showed that there were no significant differences in liver fibrosis, biliary duct hyperplasia and bile plug between the three groups. But inflammatory cell infiltration was more serious in the confluent area of the frequent cholangitis group than that in the non-cholangitis group and the early cholangitis group. Immunohistochemical staining showed that no significant difference in CD4 protein expression between the three groups. The expressions of CD8 and CD68 proteins were significantly higher in frequent cholangitis group than those in the non-cholangitis group and the early cholangitis group (P＜0.05). Conclusion　The main pathological changes of hepatic cholangitis after Kasai operation are inflammatory cell infiltration in portal area, which are an inflammatory reaction involving CD8+ T cells and CD68+ macrophages. The increased expressions of CD8 and CD68 may be the risk factors of the recurrence of cholangitis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between body mass index and new-onset diabetes after liver transplantation using steatotic grafts#br# 2020, 48 (8):  726-730.  doi: 10.11958/20193873 Abstract ( 887 )   PDF (451KB) ( 5108 )   Objective　To explore the correlation between different body mass index (BMI) and new-onset diabetes (NODAT) after steatotic liver transplantation in adults. Methods　The clinical data of 181 patients who underwent steatotic liver transplantation were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into four groups including 5 patients in the thin group (BMI＜18.5 kg/m2), 82 patients in the normal group (18.5 kg/m2≤BMI＜24 kg/m2), 65 patients in the overweight group (24 kg/m2≤BMI＜28 kg/m2) and 29 patients in the obese group (BMI≥28 kg/m2). Clinical data, incidence of complications and accumulated survival rates were compared between 4 groups. Binary Logistic regression were used to assess the risk factors of diabetes after steatotic liver transplantation, and the Kaplan-Meier survival curves were drawn to analyze the 1-year,3-year and 5-year cumulative survival rates of patients. Results　The serum albumin level was significantly lower in the obese group than that of the normal group and overweight group (P＜0.05). Compared with the normal group, the incidence of NODAT was significantly increased in the overweight group and obese group (P＜0.01).The incidence of NODAT was significantly higher in the obese group than that of the overweight group (P＜0.01). The incidence of NODAT was significantly higher in the obese group than that of the thin group (P＜0.05). Logistic analysis showed that the over weight (OR=3.423,95%CI:1.410-8.310) and obesity (OR=16.808,95%CI:6.023-46.907) were independent risk factors in the development of NODAT in steatotic liver transplantation (OR=1.363，95% CI：1.214-1.530). Survival curves revealed that the survival rate of the obese group was observably lower than that of the other 3 groups (Log-rank χ2=44.998，P＜0.01). Conclusion　Overweight and obesity are independent risk factor for the occurrence of NODAT after steatotic liver transplantation, and rational control of BMI before surgery can significantly improve the prognosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation between gene polymorphism of TRPC3 and left ventricular hypertrophy inpatients with essential hypertensive #br# JIANG Yong-chao, SUN Xiao-jing, CHEN Yu-lan△, ZHANG Jun-shi , ZHU LEPIASimayi , XU Xin-juan, ZHANG Xiang-yang 2020, 48 (8):  731-735.  doi: 10.11958/20193687 Abstract ( 1032 )   PDF (405KB) ( 5903 )   Objective　To study the relationship between gene polymorphism of TRPC3 and left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH) inpatients with essential hypertensive (EH). Methods　Genomic DNA was isolated from blood of 305 EH patients, including 205 male patients and 100 female patients. According to the left ventricular mass index (LVMI)，the patients were divided into simple hypertension group (normal group, n=224) and EH+LVH group (n=81). The differences in general data such as age and smoking history were analyzed between the two groups.The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites Rs2292232, Rs4995894 and Rs4292355 of TRPC3 gene were genotyped by Sequenom MassARRAY® SNP detection technology. Logistic regression analysis was used for analyzing factors affecting LVH inpatients. Results　(1) There were no significant differences in age, smoking history, drinking history, family history, urea, creatinine, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and 24-hour mean diastolic blood pressure (24 h DBP) between the two groups. The male proportion was lower in EH+LVH group than those of normal group. Values of 24 h DBP and body massindex (BMI) were higher in EH+LVH group than those of normal group (P＜0.05). (2) There were no significant differences in gene frequency and genotype frequency distribution of Rs4995894 and Rs4292355 between the 2 groups (P＞0.05), and there were significant differences in the frequency distribution of the TRPC3 gene SNP site Rs2292232 (P＜0.05). The distribution frequency of Rs2292232 point TT genotype was significantly higher in the EH + LVH group than that of normal control group (P＜0.05). (3) The Logistic regression analysis showed that woman (OR=0.332,95%CI:0.181-0.610，P＜0.05), higher 24-hour DBP (OR=1.035,95%CI:1.014-1.056,P＜0.05) and the TRPC3 gene SNP Rs2292232 TT genotype (OR=2.105，95%CI:1.109-3.995，P＜0.05) were independent risk factors for LVH in hypertensive patients. Conclusion　The Rs2292232 SNP of TRPC3 gene is risk factor for EH patients with LVH, and TT gene type is more likely to develop LVH.   Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of two fixation methods on cervical sagittal parameters after short segment fusion of anterior cervical discectomy fusion DING Ji, CHENG Zhao-jun, ZHANG Li-long, XU Bao-shan△ 2020, 48 (8):  736-740.  doi: 10.11958/20200129 Abstract ( 750 )   PDF (622KB) ( 3871 )   Objective　To compare the effects of two fixation methods on changes of cervical sagittal parameters in patients after short segment of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). Methods　A restrospective analysis was performed on 59 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy and/or cervical spondylotic radiculopathy with short segment of ACDF in Department 1 of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Hospital from September 2017 to January 2019. There were 31 males and 28 females in these patients, aged 23-71 years old, average (47.17±11.95) years, and follow-up time was 6-25 months, average 12 (7, 15) months. Patients were divided into titanium plate allied with cage group (titanium plate group, n=39) and ROI-C group (ROI-C group, n=20) according to the fixation methods. The patients were routinely examined with cervical X-rays, CT and MRI prior to surgery. Postoperative follow-up continued at least 6 months. The frontal and lateral cervical X-rays were performed at the follow-up, CT and MRI were also performed when necessary. Both preoperative and follow-up cervical sagittal parameters were measured through X-ray films, including C2-C7 Cobb angle (Cobb angle), C2-C7 sagittal vertical axis (C2-C7 SVA) and segment Cobb angle (SCobb angle). The differences of corresponding cervical sagittal parameters measured preoperatively and at final follow-up were calculated, including ΔCobb angle (the difference value of C2-C7 Cobb angle before operation and at last follow-up), ΔC2-C7 SVA (the difference value of C2-C7 SVA before operation and at last follow-up) and ΔSCobb angle (the different value of segment Cobb angle before operation and at last follow-up). The differences of above indicators were compared between two groups. Results　There were no significant differences in age, gender, operation time, bleeding volume and operative level between the two groups. The final follow-up Cobb angle and SCobb angle were significantly increased after operation in titanium plate group, and the C2-C7 SVA significantly decreased compared with those before operation. In ROI-C group, SCobb angle was significantly increased at the last follow-up. There were no significant differences in preoperative and final follow-up Cobb angle, C2-C7 SVA and SCobb angle between the two groups. There were no significant differences in ΔCobb angle          and ΔC2-C7 SVA between the two groups. However, the ΔSCobb angle was statistically higher in the titanium plate group than that in the ROI-C group. Conclusion　Both short segment of ACDF with either titanium plate + Cage or ROI-C fixation method can effectively correct the lordosis of the cervical spine, but the titanium plate group has better operation segment cervical lordosis in the recovery. For the choice of surgical methods, surgical complications should also be taken into account. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of risk factors and clinical features of endometrial hyperplasia or carcinogenesis in young women#br# HE Xue-qing, LIU Shao-yi, YAN Qi, ZHANG Hui-ying△ 2020, 48 (8):  740-743.  doi: 10.11958/20200125 Abstract ( 924 )   PDF (350KB) ( 5169 )   Objective　To analyze the risk factors and clinical characteristics of endometrial hyperplasia or carcinoma in young women, and to provide a reference method for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods　A retrospective analysis was performed on 243 cases who underwent hysteroscopy and curettage for abnormal uterine bleeding, infertility or ultrasonic abnormalities from January 2017 to January 2019 in the Tianjin Medical University General Hospital. The patients with endometrial hyperplasia or carcinoma were the case group (105 cases), and the patients with normal endometrium were the control group (138 cases). Clinical data of two groups of patients were collected. And ultrasound imaging data were compared to analyze the risk factors and ultrasound imaging features of endometrial hyperplasia or carcinoma. Results　Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that combined diabetes, abnormal uterine bleeding, abnormal uterine bleeding time ≥ 6 months, and obesity were independent risk factors affecting endometrial hyperplasia or carcinoma (P＜0.05). The proportion of patients with thin menstruation and irregular uterine bleeding, endometrial thickening, endometrium hyperechoic and no third-line sign was significantly higher in the case group than that of control group (P＜0.01). Conclusion　This study suggests that young women with obesity, diabetes, abnormal uterine bleeding, and abnormal uterine bleeding time ≥ 6 months are more likely to develop endometrial hyperplasia or carcinoma and have certain characteristic clinical manifestations. In clinical treatment, we should pay attention to the control of related risk factors. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical features and possible pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer-related cerebral infarction XIA Yu-mei, TANG Jing, LI Hui, XU Ci, QIN Qi-xiong, QUAN Xue-mei, CHEN Ya, LIANG Zhi-jian△ 2020, 48 (8):  744-748.  doi: 10.11958/20193846 Abstract ( 1413 )   PDF (490KB) ( 4902 )   Objective　To investigate the clinical features and possible pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer-related cerebral infarction (PCCI). Methods　Patients with pancreatic cancer-related cerebral infarction treated in the first affiliated hospital and the affiliated cancer hospital of Guangxi Medical University were included from January 2008 to December 2018. Patients with pancreatic cancer complicated with acute cerebral infarction while without traditional stroke factors were included in (PCCI) group. The age and sex matched patients with pancreatic cancer in the same period were chosen as pancreatic cancer (PC) group according to the ratio of 1∶1. The clinical data were analyzed between two groups. Results　A total of 30 patients were included in the PCCI group. The levels of plasma D-dimer, absolute value of neutrophils, CA125 and CA199 were significantly higher in PCCI group than those in PC group (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). In the PCCI group, 24 (80.00%) patients presented with multiple lesions in multiple arterial territories. The diameters of the largest lesions were as follows:≤2 cm in 14 patients (46.67%) and 2-5 cm in 10 patients (33.33%). Twenty patients (66.67%) developed acute cerebral infarction within 6 months after the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Three patients (10.00%) had acute cerebral infarction as the initial manifestation and then were diagnosed as pancreatic cancer during hospitalization. The TOAST classification of cerebral infarction was mainly minor arterial occlusion and unknown cause. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the levels of plasma D-dimer＞0.5 mg/L and CA199＞120 mg/L were independent risk factors for PCCI. Conclusion　The mechanism of pancreatic cancer-related cerebral infarction may be related to the blood hypercoagulation and the formation of microthrombosis in blood vessels. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical characteristics of patients with secondary B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma MIAO Zhao-yi, JIANG Ya-nan, WANG Jin-huan, LYU Yang-yang, XING Dong-hui, XU Hong, ZHAI Yi-xin, ZHAO Zhi-gang△ 2020, 48 (8):  748-752.  doi: 10.11958/20200166 Abstract ( 830 )   PDF (523KB) ( 4658 )   Objective　To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with B-cell secondary non-Hodgkin lymphoma (sNHL). Methods　From January 2007 to May 2018，among the NHL patients treated in our hospital, 1.65% (47/2 853) appeared in the form of a second malignant tumor, of which 44 cases were B-cell sNHL. The treatment of the first primary malignant tumor in 44 sNHL: 29 cases accepted surgical resection, 10 cases received surgery combined with chemotherapy, 2 cases received surgery combined with radiotherapy, and 3 cases received surgery combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The treatment of secondary lymphoma: 34 patients received chemotherapy, 5 patients received chemotherapy combined with surgery, 4 patients received radiotherapy for extranodal primary sites or massive masses, one patient received the treatment of anti-helicobacter pylori eradication since the extracellular nodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (gastric type). The median time of chemotherapy was 6 (2, 8) months. Patients with CD20+ DLBCL or CD20+ FL that were stage Ⅲ to Ⅳ were infused with rituximab (375 mg/m2) intravenously one day before chemotherapy. The median follow-up time was 11.4 (0.5, 145.3) months. Results　For the 44 sNHL patients, breast cancer (n=10) was the most common type of primary malignancies before NHL. The most common type of NHL was diffuse large b-cell lymphoma (DLBCL, n=29). For 44 sNHL patients, 65.9% (29/44) patients were diagnosed the first primary tumor at age ＜60 years, and 59.1% (26/44) patients were diagnosed with sNHL at age ≥60 years. The median survival time without a second tumor was 63.4 (25.2, 146.9) months. The median follow-up time of 44 sNHL was 11.4(4.2, 28.8) months, and the average disease-free survival (DFS) time was 9.6 (4.1, 26.0) months. The 3-year overall survival (OS) was 73.5%. The complete remission rate (CR) was 38.6% after first-line treatment, and the overall response rate (RR) was 63.6%. The 3-year overall survival rates were 81.1% and 66.5% for patients received rituximab and patients without rituximab (Log-rank χ2=2.026, P＞0.05). Univariate analysis showed that the diagnosis age of the first primary malignant tumors was ≥60 years old (Log-rank χ2=7.562, P＜0.05) and the diagnosis age of sNHL was ≥60 years old (Log-rank χ2=4.887, P＜0.05) suggesting a poor prognosis. Multivariate analysis further demonstrated that the diagnosis age of the first primary malignant tumors ≥ 60 years old (HR=4.745，95%CI：1.405-16.020) was an independent risk factor affecting the survival rates of sNHL patients. Conclusion　The diagnosis age of the first primary cancer ≥ 60 years old will increase the risk of death in sNHL patients.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Changes and correlation of serum cystatin C and inflammatory factors in patients with novel coronavirus infected pneumonia LIU Hao, LONG Li△, ZHANG Ji-bo, JIN Sheng, YU Jian-feng, QIN Hui-qun, XU Min 2020, 48 (8):  753-756.  doi: 10.11958/20201160 Abstract ( 928 )   PDF (362KB) ( 5036 )   Objective　To observe the changes of serum cystatin C (CysC) and inflammatory factors in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and to explore their relationship. Methods　One hundred and fifty-two adult patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Third People’s Hospital of Hubei Province Affiliated to Jianghan University from January to April 2020 were selected in this study. Patients were divided into common group (n = 110) and severe group (n = 42) according to the clinical classification criteria in the "New Coronavirus Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment Program Seventh Edition". The serum levels of CysC, creatinine (Scr), urea nitrogen (BUN), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were detected by an automatic biochemical analyzer. Serum levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and amyloid A (SAA) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The correlation between serum levels of CysC, Scr, BUN, IL-6, CRP and SAA were compared between the two groups by Pearson correlation analysis. Results The serum level of CysC and the proportion of patients with increased CysC levels were both significantly higher in severe group than those of common group (P＜0.05). There were no significant differences in the serum levels of  Scr and BUN and the proportions of patients with increased levels between the two groups. The serum levels of CRP, IL-6 and SAA were significantly higher in the severe group than those in the common group (P＜0.05). In the severe group, the serum levels of CysC, Scr and BUN were positively correlated with IL-6 (r=0.647, 0.376 and 0.364, respectively), CRP (r=0.579, 0.374 and 0.351, respectively) and SAA (r=0.524, 0.338 and 0.305, respectively, all P＜0.05). In the common group the serum levels of  CysC, Scr and BUN were positively correlated with IL-6(r=0.615, 0.384 and 0.357, respectively), CRP (r=0.517, 0.345 and 0.323, respectively) and SAA (r=0.491, 0.314 and 0.328, respectively, all P＜0.05). Conclusion　The serum levels of cystatin C and inflammatory factors are higher in COVID-19 severe patients than those in common patients. The elevated levels of inflammatory factors may be one of the mechanisms of kidney injury in COVID-19 patients.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of risk factors associated with failure of nonoperative treatment of acute appendicitis in children#br# WANG Zhi-hua, ZHAO Ya-juan, WANG Xin, WANG Yu-shui 2020, 48 (8):  757-760.  doi: 10.11958/20200063 Abstract ( 861 )   PDF (374KB) ( 5028 )   Objective To analyze the risk factors of nonoperative treatment failure in children with acute appendicitis, and to improve the understanding of the disease. Methods In this retrospective study, data of 158 patients with acute appendicitis after nonoperative treatment in our hospital from January 2013 to December 2018 were analyzed, including success group (n=110) and failure group (n=48). Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings including appendiceal imaging characteristics were compared between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors of failure in nonoperative treatment of acute appendicitis in children. Results There were no significant differences in age, gender, duration of abdominal pain, fever, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal distension, metastatic right lower abdominal pain and onset season between the two groups (all P＞0.05). There were no significant differences in laboratory testing at admission including white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes and C-reactive protein between the two groups (all P＞0.05). The abdominal ultrasound results showed that appendiceal fecalith (31.3% vs. 4.5%, χ2=21.555) and intraluminal appendiceal fluid (39.6% vs. 12.7%, χ2=14.587) were significantly higher in failure group than those of success group (P＜0.01). However, there were no significant differences in appendiceal maximal diameter, appendiceal wall enhancement and the proportion of abdominal enlarged lymph nodes between the two groups (P＞0.05). The multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that the appendiceal fecalith (OR=11.081, 95%CI: 3.567-34.421) and intraluminal appendiceal fluid (OR=5.196, 95%CI: 2.189-12.332) were the independent predictors of failure of nonoperative treatment in children with acute appendicitis. Conclusion Appendiceal fecalith and intraluminal appendiceal fluid are the risk factors for the value of nonoperative treatment in children with acute appendicitis. Such patients should arouse the attention and take surgical treatment as early as possible. Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification and biological characteristics of Actinotignum schaalii isolated from urine  LI Sha, DU Jing-hui△, SHANG Xi-peng, LIU Xu, LI Rui-shi, JIANG Jian-chun 2020, 48 (8):  760-763.  doi: 10.11958/20201238 Abstract ( 1202 )   PDF (813KB) ( 5739 )   Objective　To investigate the methods for identifying Actinotignum schaalii and to analyze its biological characteristics in order to provide a basis for the diagnosis of urinary tract infections. Methods　The urine sample of a patient with urinary tract infection hospitalized in the First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine in January of 2020 was collected. Bacterial culture and Gram staining were used to observe the morphological characteristics. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and 16S rRNA sequencing were used for the identification. The obtained sequences were compared with those in GenBank database for phylogenetic analysis. Results　The case was the first reported in China for a urinary tract infection caused by Actinotignum schaalii. MALDI-TOF MS and 16S rRNA sequencing identified the strain as Actinotignum schaalii, belonging to the genera Actinotignum, which was facultative anaerobic and Gram-positive bacterium. It was considered as a new type of pathogenic bacteria causing urinary tract infection. Conclusion　Actinotignum schaalii may be a new pathogen that causes urinary tract infection.  Related Articles | Metrics

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The therapeutic effect of Saussurea involucrata injection on severe acute pancreatitis QIAN Jing, WANG Xiao-hong△, LAN Yu 2020, 48 (8):  764-768.  doi: 10.11958/20193344 Abstract ( 1331 )   PDF (388KB) ( 5568 )   Objective　To explore the therapeutic effect of Saussurea involucrata injection on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods　Fifty SAP patients were randomly divided into the routine treatment group (treated with routine method) and the Saussurea involucrata injection group (treated with routine method plus i.m. 0.5% Saussurea involucrata injection) by using random number table method, 25 patients in each group. At the same time, 25 healthy physical examinees were used as normal control group (treated with nothing). At 1 d before treatment and 10 d after treatment, the serum levels of Beclin-1 and microtubule-associated protein-1 light chain-3 (LC3) were measured by double antibodies sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the serum levels of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-10 were measured by ELISA. The acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) Ⅱand pancreas modified CT severity index (MCTSI) scores were evaluated, and patient hospital stay and abdominal pain relief days were also recorded in routine treatment group and Saussurea involucrata injection group. Results　Before treatment, the serum levels of Beclin-1, LC3, NF-κB p65, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 were significantly higher in routine treatment group and Saussurea involucrata injection group than those in normal control group (P＜0.05). After 10-day treatment, the serum levels of Beclin-1, LC3, NF-κB p65, TNF-α and IL-1β were decreased in routine treatment group and Saussurea involucrata injection group, and which were lower in Saussurea involucrata injection group than those of routine treatment group. The serum levels of IL-10 increased after treatment in both groups on 10-day after treatment, and which was significantly higher in Saussurea involucrata injection group than that in routine treatment group (P＜0.05). The scores of APACHE Ⅱ and pancreas MCTSI decreased in routine treatment group and Saussurea involucrata injection group, and which was significantly lower in Saussurea involucrata injection group than that in routine treatment group (P＜0.05). The  hospital stay and relief days of abdominal pain were significantly lower in Saussurea involucrata injection group than those in routine treatment group (P＜0.05). Conclusion　Saussurea involucrata injection has an auxiliary therapeutic role in SAP patients, and its mechanism may be through inhibiting abnormal autophagy activation of pancreatic acinar cells and blocking inflammatory response NF-κB signaling pathway in SAP. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical value of 3D-STI in elderly NSTEMI patients with chronic renal insufficiency ZHANG Jin-lian, ZHANG Ying△, LIU Yu-jie, SUN Yu-zhen 2020, 48 (8):  769-772.  doi: 10.11958/20200370 Abstract ( 819 )   PDF (545KB) ( 4772 )   Objective　To explore the value of 3D-STI in evaluating the severity of coronary artery disease, left ventricular wall motion and left ventricular function in elderly non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients with chronic renal insufficiency. Methods　A total of 128 elderly NSTEMI patients were collected. According to renal function, patients were divided into renal insufficiency group and normal group. Clinical characteristics, global longitudinal strain (GLS), global radial strain (GRS), global circumferential strain (GCS), global area strain (GAS) and coronary artery disease SYNTAX scores were compared between the two groups. Results　Compared with normal group, the GLS, GRS, GCS, GAS, and LVEF were significantly decreased in the renal insufficiency group (P＜0.05). Compared with the normal group,SYNTAX scores were significantly higher in coronary artery lesion group, and there were more three vessel lesions in this group. There were significantly higher NT-proBNP and hs-CRP in coronary artery lesion group (P＜0.01).SYNTAX score was negatively correlated with GLS, GCS, GRS, GAS and left ventricular ejection fraction (r=-0.472, -0.477, -0.528, -0.306, P＜0.01). The left ventricular ejection fraction was positively correlated with GLS, GCS, GRS and GAS (r=    0.423, 0.316, 0.413, 0.403, P＜0.01). Conclusion　The 3D-STI can be used as a new technique to evaluate the degree of coronary artery lesions, left ventricular wall motion and left ventricular function in elderly NSTEMI patients with chronic renal insufficiency, and provide reference for early clinical evaluation and treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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The predictive values of high risk score of sepsis for mortality risks of septic patients FENG Er-wen 2020, 48 (8):  773-776.  doi: 10.11958/20192876 Abstract ( 897 )   PDF (403KB) ( 5808 )   Objective　To explore the predictive value of high risk of sepsis score (HRSS) for the mortality risks of septic patients, and compare the difference of the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) and quick sequential organ failure assessment（qSOFA). Methods　A total of 125 patients with sepsis admitted to our hospital from February 2016 to June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into the survival group (86 cases) and death group (39 cases). The HRSS, SOFA and qSOFA scores were recorded in patients. HRSS score includes patient age, respiratory rate, blood oxygen saturation, pulse, systolic pressure, Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), body temperature and skin abnormalities. SOFA score includes oxygenation index, platelet, bilirubin, creatinine, cardiovascular score and GCS score. qSOFA score includes consciousness, respiratory rate and systolic pressure. HRSS, SOFA and qSOFA scores were calculated. Results　The systolic blood pressure and oxygenation index were lower in the dead group than those of the living group. Data of patient age, skin abnormalities, bilirubin, creatinine, cardiovascular score and proportion of consciousness disorders were significantly higher in the dead group than those of the living group (P＜0.05). The scores of HRSS, SOFA and qSOFA were significantly higher in the dead group than those of the living group (P＜0.05). The areas under the ROC of HRSS, SOFA and qSOFA were 0.795 (95%CI: 0.714-0.876，P＜0.01)，0.828 (95%CI:0.756-0.900，P＜0.01) and 0.624 (95%CI: 0.511-0.736, P＜0.05). When the critical values were 4.5, 9.5 and 2.5, respectively, the Youden index was the largest, which were 0.455, 0.588 and 0.224, respectively. Conclusion　The predicting value of HRSS in the risk of death in sepsis patients is similar to that of SOFA, which is better than that of qSOFA. Related Articles | Metrics

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A case report of glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome WANG Yan-ping, HUA Ying, JING Miao, TANG Hong-wei 2020, 48 (8):  777-779.  doi: 10.11958/20193847 Abstract ( 1712 )   PDF (504KB) ( 5229 )   Glucose transporter-1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1-DS) is a rare clinical autosomal dominant genetic disease characterized by early onset age, onset of recurrent convulsions, mental and motor retardation, and good effect of ketogenic diet. A case of GLUT1-DS diagnosed in our hospital was analyzed retrospectively. SLC2A1 gene mutation and the heterozygous shift coding mutation of c.164_165 delins TTCA were found by second-generation sequencing of epileptic gene package. A new mutation was found by gene analysis, which enriched GLUT1-DS gene mutation database.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in the application of prognostic score for acute-on-chronic liver failure ZHANG Yue, NIE Yuan, JIANG Mei-chun, ZHU Xuan△ 2020, 48 (8):  780-785.  doi: 10.11958/20193368 Abstract ( 829 )   PDF (401KB) ( 4864 )   Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a syndrome characterized by acute decompensation, organ failure and high short-term mortality. Common precipitants include bacterial and viral infections, heavy ethanol consumption and surgery. The pathophysiological features of ACLF involve systemic inflammation due to infections, acute liver damage and probably intestinal translocation of bacteria or bacterial products. The focus of clinical management is to identify critical patients earlier and provide multi-organ supportive care at the same time to correct the physiological disturbance in critically ill patients. Therefore, the early and accurate assessment of the prognosis of patients can optimize the treatment plan and improve the survival rate of patients. To date, a series of scoring systems have been established to evaluate the severity of acute-on-chronic liver failure. This paper reviews the recent studies on the prognosis model of ACLF and expounds the advantages and disadvantages of each scoring system in order to judge the patient’s prognosis earlier. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of bisphosphonates and dinozumab therapy for breast cancer with bone metastasis#br# MAO Yun, XIE Fei-yu, CAI Ya-fang , XUE Peng, ZHU Shi-jie△ 2020, 48 (8):  786-790.  doi: 10.11958/20200278 Abstract ( 1514 )   PDF (387KB) ( 5743 )   At present, bisphosphonates and dinozumab, as bone protectors, have good clinical effects on bone metastasis of breast cancer and adjuvant treatment of early breast cancer, but the drug selection, drug regimen and other aspects need to be further explored. This article aims to review the latest research progress of the mechanism of bisphosphonates and dinozumab for the treatment of bone metastasis of breast cancer and the adjuvant therapy of early breast cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

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The latest research progress of lymphangiomyomatosis YANG Sheng-nan, ZHAO Yong, LI Yue-chuan, JIA Wei△ 2020, 48 (8):  790-795.  doi: 10.11958/20193667 Abstract ( 960 )   PDF (421KB) ( 5827 )   Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare systemic disease mainly affecting reproductive women. LAM is generally aggressive in nature and ultimately results in respiratory failure. The disease spreads through lymphatic vessels, and the lung is the main target organ, leading to cystic remodeling of the lung. In the last few years, studies have enhanced the understanding of LAM pathogenesis. In addition to the over activation of mTOR pathway, NR2F2 mutation is also a possible pathogenesis. The research and development of some new imaging technologies may provide more safe means for evaluation of efficacy and follow-up. Although rapamycin, the mTOR inhibitor, has shown some benefit in LAM patients, which can stabilize lung function and improve quality of life, the disease continues to progress after the cessation of treatment. Immunotherapy may provide a new treatment direction for LAM. This review will focus on the new progress in pathogenesis and treatment of LAM.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical study of prenatal screening using fetal free DNA in maternal plasma LI Xiao-zhou, SHI Yun-fang, JU Duan, LI Yan, ZHANG Ying△ 2020, 48 (8):  796-800.  doi: 10.11958/20200545 Abstract ( 740 )   PDF (374KB) ( 5307 )   Noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) is performed for screening fetal aneuploidy through the next generation sequencing technology with cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in maternal plasma. It is currently the best prenatal screening technology for detecting chromosome aneuploidy, because of its high detection rate, sensitivity and specificity, and low false-positive rate. Especially, NIPT, which has been available clinically, improves significantly the efficiency of invasive prenatal diagnostic technology. However, some maternal and fetal factors can affect the results of NIPT, so that the individual situation of different pregnant women should be fully considered in clinical application. In this paper, the clinical research progress and influencing factors of NIPT were reviewed in order to provide a reference for individualized and standardized application of NIPT technology. Related Articles | Metrics