Abstract: Objective To retrospectively review the operative therapy of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures with target puncture percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP). Methods From January 2017 to December 2018, 118 cases of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures treated with target puncture PKP were used as the target puncture PKP group, and 107 cases treated with traditional PKP were used as the traditional PKP group. The target of puncture was the fracture line if the fracture line was clear in CT images. Otherwise, the position with the highest signal in the MRI liposuction sequence was identified as the target of puncture. Target puncture was carried out via pedicle approach. Polymethylmethacrylate bone cement was injected after saccule dilatation. Data of operative time, intraoperative blood loss, quantity of polymethylmethacrylate bone cement, the leakage rate of polymethylmethacrylate bone cement, the rate of adjacent vertebral compression fracture, preoperative and postoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores, preoperative and postoperative vertebral height were compared between the two groups. Results The quantity of polymethylmethacrylate bone cement used in the target puncture PKP group was less than that in the traditional PKP group (P＜0.01), but there were no significant differences in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, bone cement leakage rate and the incidence of adjacent vertebral fracture between the two groups (P＞0.05). There were no significant differences in VAS scores and vertebral height before and after operation between the two groups (P＞0.05). The VAS scores of the two groups were significantly lower after operation than those before operation. The vertebral height of both groups increased after operation than that before operation (P＜0.01). Conclusion Compared with the traditional PKP, the target puncture PKP in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures can reduce the quantity of polymethylmethacrylate bone cement on the basis of obtaining the same surgical effect. It is an improvement and perfection of the traditional PKP.

Key words: fracture, compression, spinal fracture, osteoporosis, kyphoplasty, percutaneous kyphoplasty companied with target puncture