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15 October 2021, Volume 49 Issue 10 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Experimental study on OX40Ig modified rat adipose derived mesenchymal stromal cells #br# HUANG Zhi-wei, LIU Tao, CHEN Xiao-bo, GENG Jie, LI Guang, WANG Yu-liang 2021, 49 (10):  1009-1013.  doi: 10.11958/20203592 Abstract ( 543 )   PDF (916KB) ( 2948 )   Objective To construct OX40Ig genetically modified rat adipose derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ADSCsOX40Ig), and to investigate its immunomodulatory effect on lymphocytes in vitro. Methods The fusion gene expression vector of pcDNA3.1(+)/OX40Ig was constructed and transfected into rat ADSCs by nuclear transfection. The expression of OX40Ig in ADSCs was measured by Western blot assay. The transfected and untransfected ADSCs were co-cultured with rat allogeneic lymphocytes, and were divided into the control group (responder + stimulator), the ADSCs (responder+stimulator+ ADSCs) group, and the ADSCsOX40Ig (responder+stimulator+ADSCsOX40Ig) group. The proliferatory activity of lymphocytes was detected by MTT method. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL) -10 and transforming growth factor (TGF) - β mRNA levels in lymphocytes. Results The sequencing confirmed that pcDNA3.1(+)/OX40Ig plasmid was successfully constructed, and OX40Ig was highly expressed in transfected ADSCs. Compared with ADSCs, the proliferation inhibition rate of allogeneic lymphocytes was significantly increased in ADSCsOX40Ig (P＜0.05). The expression levels of IFN-γ mRNA decreased gradually, but the expression levels of IL-10 and TGF-β mRNA increased gradually in the control, ADSCs and ADSCsOX40Ig groups (P＜0.05). Conclusion Compared with ADSCs along, ADSCsOX40Ig has better immunomodulatory effects on allogeneic lymphocytes. Related Articles | Metrics

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Shuanghuanglian freeze-dried powder induced apoptosis of acute B cell lymphocytic leukemia cells (Nalm6) through inhibiting the MEK-ERK signaling pathway YANG You, ZHONG Fang-fang, HUANG Zhe, QIN Xiang, MA Wen-zhe, LIU Wen-jun 2021, 49 (10):  1014-1019.  doi: 10.11958/20210189 Abstract ( 788 )   PDF (1132KB) ( 2986 )   Objective To explore the mechanism of Shuanghuanglian（SHL）freeze-dried powder induced apoptosis of acute B lymphocytic leukemia cells (Nalm6). Methods SHL was used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines (Nalm6, Jurkat, Molt4 and KG1a) at 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 g/L. The cell proliferation activity was detected by the CCK-8 method and the half inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated. Nalm6 cells were divided into the blank control group (RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum) and the SHL treatment groups (0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 g/L). Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle distribution and apoptosis in each group. The morphological changes of cell apoptosis were observed after Hoechst 33342 staining. Western blot assay was used to detect the expression levels of MEKERK-c-Myc signaling pathway proteins and apoptosis proteins in Nalm6 cells of each group. Results SHL had the lowest IC 50 for Nalm6, which was (0.11±0.01) g/L. After treatment with 0.1-0.4 g/L SHL, flow cytometry analysis showed that the cell cycle distribution of Nalm6 cells had no obvious changes. However, with the SHL concentration increasing, the apoptotic cell number and the total apoptotic rate of Nalm6 increased. In addition, the expression levels of tBid, cleaved Caspase-9, cleaved Caspase-3 and cleaved PARP increased. While the expression levels of MEK/ERK pathway related proteins decreased, including p-MEK/MEK, p-ERK/ERK and c-Myc (all P＜0.05). After pretreatment with the apoptosis inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK, the pro-apoptotic effect of SHL on Nalm6 cells was inhibited. Conclusion SHL can induce Nalm6 cell apoptosis by inhibiting the MEK-ERK signaling pathway. Related Articles | Metrics

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The study on the mechanism of BMP-9 in liver fibrosis of biliary atresia GE Liang, GOU Qing-yun, ZHAO Jin-feng, ZHANG Cong, CHEN Ling-zhi, HU Xiao-li, ZHAN Jiang-hua 2021, 49 (10):  1020-1025.  doi: 10.11958/20210765 Abstract ( 607 )   PDF (1167KB) ( 2887 )   Objective To explore the mechanism of BMP-9 in biliary atresia (BA) liver fibrosis. Methods Fourteen samples of BA cases were selected as the BA group and 5 samples of congenital biliary dilatation (CBD) cases were selected as the CBD group. Liver fibrosis was evaluated by HE staining, immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression levels of BMP-9 and p-SMAD1/5, and qPCR was used to detect the expression levels of BMP-9 and ID1 mRNA in liver. Human hepatic stellate cells (LX-2) were cultured and treated with rTGF-β1 and different concentrations of rBMP-9. The protein expression levels of α-SMA, SMAD1/5, p-SMAD1/5 and ID1 in cells were detected by Western blot assay, and the mRNA expressions of α-SMA and ID1 in cells were detected by qPCR. Results The expression levels of BMP-9 and p-SMAD1/5 proteins, BMP-9 and ID1 mRNA in liver were higher in the BA group than those of the CBD group. In the BA group, the expressions levels of BMP-9 protein, BMP-9 and ID1 mRNA were significantly higher in children with moderate and severe liver fibrosis than those in children with mild liver fibrosis (P＜0.05). After treatment with rTGF-β1 and rBMP-9, the expression levels of α-SMA protein and α-SMA mRNA were increased in LX-2 cells (P＜0.05). The expressions of p-SMAD1/5, SMAD1/5, ID1, α -SMA protein and ID1, α -SMA mRNA in the downstream pathway were increased after adding different concentrations of rBMP-9 in LX-2 cells compared with those of 0 μg/L group (P＜0.05). Conclusion The expression levels of BMP-9, p-SMAD1/5 and ID1 in the liver of BA children are increased than those of CBD children, which are positively correlated with the degree of liver fibrosis. BMP-9 can activate LX-2 cells through SMAD/ID1 signaling pathway and promote the progress of fibrosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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The effects of expression level of miR-539 in ESCs of endometrium in patients with endometriosis and its targeting MMP-9 on the migration and invasion of endometrial stromal cells XIAO Tian, LIAN Hong-mei 2021, 49 (10):  1025-1030.  doi: 10.11958/20211082 Abstract ( 562 )   PDF (875KB) ( 2873 )   Objective To explore the expression level of miR-539 in endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) of endometrium in patients with endometriosis (EM), and the effects of miR-539 targeting matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) on the invasion and migration of ESCs. Methods The endometrial samples of 60 EM patients and 47 non-EM patients admitted to Hubei Province Maternal and Child Health Hospital from 2016 to 2020 were collected. The ESCs were isolated for primary culture. The expression levels of miR-539 and MMP-9 mRNA were detected with qPCR technology, and its targeting relationship was detected with dual luciferase reporter gene. ESCs were transfected with Lipofectamine 3000 reagent and divided into the miR-539 mimics group, the mimics NC group, the miR-539 inhibitor group and the inhibitor NC group. CCK-8 was used to detect cell proliferation in each group. Scratch test was used to detect cell migration. Transwell was used to detect cell invasion. Western blot method was used to detect the expression levels of MMP-9 protein in each group of cells. Results The level of miR-539 mRNA in endometrium was significantly lower in the EM group than that of the control group (P＜0.05), and the level of MMP-9 mRNA was significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05). The results of double luciferase report showed that miR-539 had an obvious targeting relationship with MMP-9 (P＜0.05). Compared with the mimics NC group, the ESCs cell proliferation, scratch healing rate, number of invasive cells and MMP-9 protein level were significantly reduced in the miR-539 mimics group (P＜0.05). Compared with the inhibitor NC group, the ESCs cell proliferation, scratch healing rate, number of invaded cells and MMP-9 protein level were significantly increased in the miR-539 inhibitor group (P＜0.05). Conclusion MiR-539 can target and regulate the expression level of MMP-9 and affect the cell proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of ESCs. Related Articles | Metrics

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miR-422a targeting Kallikrein 4 inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells SONG Peng-xia, LI Qun-feng, CAO Yan-hui, YAO Shui-hong 2021, 49 (10):  1031-1037.  doi: 10.11958/20210777 Abstract ( 431 )   PDF (1097KB) ( 2878 )   Objective To investigate the effects of miR-422a targeting kallikinase 4 (KLK4) on proliferation, migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells. Methods The expression levels of miR-422a in human cervical cancer cells (HeLa, SiHa) and human normal cervical epithelial cells (H8) were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR. Cervical cancer HeLa cells were divided into the blank group, the miR-NC group, the miR-422a group, the mut miR-422a group, the miR-422a+ pcDNA group and the miR-422a+pcDNA-KLK4 group. CCK-8 assay and transwell assay were used to detect the proliferation, migration and invasion of HeLa cells in each group. TargetScan software was used to predict the binding target genes. Double luciferase activity test was used to verify the targeting relationship. Western blot assay was used to detect the KLK4 protein expression in each group. Results Compared with normal human cervical epithelial cells H8, the expression levels of miR-422a were low in both cervical cancer HeLa cells and SiHa cell lines (P＜0.01), and cervical cancer HeLa cells were selected for the subsequent experiments. Compared with that in the miR-NC group and blank group, the OD450 of the miR-422a group decreased after cells were cultured for 4, 6 d, the numbers of invasion and migration cells decreased in the miR-422a group after cells were cultured for 6 and 12 h (P＜0.05). Compared with miR-422a+pcDNA group, OD450 of the miR-422a+pcDNA-KLK4 group was significantly increased at 4 and 6 d after culturing, and the number of cell migration and invasion was increased at 6 and 12 h after culturing (P＜0.01). TargetScan software predicted that there was a binding site between miR-422a and KLK4, which was verified by double luciferase reporter gene experiment. Compared with the miR-NC group, the expression level of KLK4 protein was decreased in the miR-422a group, and the expression level of KLK4 protein was increased in the mut miR-422a group (P＜0.01). Compared with the miR-422a+pcDNA group, the expression level of KLK4 protein increased in the miR-422a+pc DNA-KLK4 group (P＜0.01). Conclusion miR-422a can inhibit the HeLa cell proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting the KLK4 protein expression. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of miR-34a targeting MMP2 on migration and invasion of human villous trophoblasts HTR-8/SVneo induced by TNF-α WEN Yan-jing, PENG Qing, WANG Jing-na, LI Man, CHANG Mei-ying 2021, 49 (10):  1037-1042.  doi: 10.11958/20211062 Abstract ( 546 )   PDF (929KB) ( 2890 )   Objective To investigate the effects of microRNA-34a (miR-34a) targeting matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) on the migration and invasion of human villous trophoblasts HTR-8/SVneo induced by tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α). Methods Human villous trophoblasts HTR-8/SVneo cells were cultured in vitro and stimulated with 0.5 μg/L TNF-α. Cells were divided into the control group, the TNF-α induction group, the NC group, the miR-34a mimics group, the iNC group and the miR-34a inhibitor group. The expression levels of miR-34a and MMP2 mRNA were detected by quantitative real time-PCR (qRT-PCR). The cell proliferation, invasion and migration were detected by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8), transwell assay and scratch test. The expression of MMP2 protein was detected by Western blot assay. Luciferase reporter assay was used to prove the targeting relationship between miR-34a and MMP2. Results Compared with the control group, the expression level of miR-34a and the inhibition rate of cell proliferation were significantly increased in the TNF-α induction group (P＜0.05), and the expression levels of MMP2 mRNA and protein, the cell invasion number and the cell migration rate were significantly decreased (P＜0.05). Compared with the TNF-α induction group and NC group, the expression levels of miR-34a and the inhibition rate of cell proliferation were significantly increased in the miR-34a mimics group (P＜0.05), the expression levels of MMP2 mRNA and protein, the number of cell invasion and the cell migration rate were significantly decreased (P＜0.05). Compared with the TNF-α induction group and iNC group, the expression level of miR-34a and the inhibition rate of cell proliferation were significantly decreased in the miR-34a inhibitor group (P＜0.05), and the expression levels of MMP2 mRNA and protein, the number of cell invasion and the cell migration rate were significantly increased (P＜0.05). There was a targeting relationship between miR-34a and MMP2. Conclusion miR-34a may inhibit the invasion and migration of TNF-α induced human villous trophoblasts HTR-8/SVneo by negatively regulating the expression of MMP2. Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect of transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by different pathways on renal fibrosis in rats with chronic kidney disease LI Jia-qi, YANG Yang, LI Tian-yi, YANG Su-ping, XIA Chun-juan, WANG Jia-ping 2021, 49 (10):  1043-1048.  doi: 10.11958/20210984 Abstract ( 457 )   PDF (1219KB) ( 2898 )   Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transplanted by different ways on chronic kidney disease (CKD) rats and the effect of nucleotide binding oligomerized domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome on renal fibrosis. Methods There were 50 male SD rats in this study, of which 2 were used to isolate and culture BMSCs in vitro. After successful CKD modeling (left nephrectomy+multiple tail vein injection of doxorubicin), thirty-six rats were randomly divided into following groups: the model group (CKD group), the renal artery transplantation of BMSCs group (A-M group) and the tail vein transplantation of BMSCs group (V-M group). The normal control group (SHAM group, n=12) was given 0.9%NaCl by caudal vein infusion. The serum levels of creatinine, urea nitrogen and 24 h urinary protein were measured at 7 d and 14 d after BMSCs transplantation. HE staining and Masson tricolor staining were performed to observe the pathological structure changes and fibrosis of the kidney. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to observe the expression levels of NLRP3, apoptosis-related microprotein (ASC) and cysteine aspartate proteinase-1 (Caspase-1). Results Compared with SHAM group, the serum creatinine, urea nitrogen and 24 h urinary protein were significantly increased on day 7 and day 14 in the CKD group, A-M group and V-M group (P＜0.05). On 7 and 14 days after BMSCs transplantation, the serum creatinine, urea nitrogen and 24 h urinary protein were significantly lower in the A-M group and the V-M group than those in the CKD group, and the A-M group was lower than those in the V-M group (P＜0.05). HE staining and Masson staining showed that the inflammatory infiltration, the number of atrophic glomeruli, the dilatation of renal tubules and the degree of fibrosis were reduced in the A-M group and V-M group compared with those of the CKD group. The improvement degree in the A-M group was better than that in the VM group. Immunohistochemical results showed that the expression levels of NLRP3, ASC and Caspase-1 in renal interstitium of rats were decreased in the A-M group and V-M group compared with those in the CKD group, and the decrease was better in the A-M group than that in the V-M group. Conclusion BMSCs can improve the renal fibrosis in CKD rats. The arterial approach is better than the venous approach in the observation period. Its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the correlation between histone methyltransferase 2 and cisplatin-induced inflammation in chronic kidney disease ZHANG Ni, JIAN Jiu-ying, WANG Xiao-xiao, YU Ting, CHEN Si-yu, GUO Bing, LIU Li-rong 2021, 49 (10):  1048-1052.  doi: 10.11958/20210785 Abstract ( 561 )   PDF (659KB) ( 2886 )   Objective To explore the correlation between histone methyltransferase 2 (SMYD2) and cisplatin-induced inflammatory response in chronic kidney disease (CKD), and provide a new direction for the clinical prevention and treatment of cisplatin-induced CKD. Methods Sixteen mice were divided into the control group and the cisplatin group according to the random number table method, with 8 mice in each group. Mice in the cisplatin group were injected intraperitoneally with 10 mg/kg cisplatin, and in the control group, the same volume of cisplatin solvent was injected once a week for 3 consecutive weeks. At the fourth week, the mice were sacrificed and serum and kidney tissue were collected. Automatic biochemical analyzer was used to detect blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and blood creatinine (Scr). HE and Masson staining was used to observe renal histopathological changes. Western blot assay was used to detect renal tissue SMYD2, α- smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), waveform protein (Vimentin), E-cadherin, Fibronectin, Collagen-Ⅲ, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), p-STAT3, tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Results Compared with the control group, the BUN and Scr levels were significantly increased in the cisplatin group (P＜0.05). Some glomeruli in kidney showed mesangial cell proliferation, granular degeneration and vacuole-like changes in renal tubules. The proliferation of interstitial fibers was obvious. The expression levels of SMYD2, α -SMA, Vimentin, Fibronectin, Collagen-Ⅲ, STAT3, p-STAT3, TNF-α and IL-6 protein increased, and the protein expression of E-cadherin decreased (P＜0.05). There was a negative correlation between SMYD2 and the expression of E-cadherin. There was a positive correlation between SMYD2 and expression levels of α-SMA, Vimentin, Fibronectin, Collagen-Ⅲ, STAT3, p-STAT3, TNF- α, and IL-6 (P＜0.05). Conclusion SMYD2 is upregulated in kidney of cisplatin-induced CKD mice. It is speculated that SMYD2 may be involved in the inflammation together with the STAT3 signaling pathway and participate in the occurrence development of cisplatin-induced CKD. Related Articles | Metrics

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The role of P2RX7 and histone modification in trichostatin A alleviating mouse ovary injury induced by cigarette smoke exposure MIAO Jia-ning, CONG Yan-fei, LI Fang, LOU Yi, WANG Li-li 2021, 49 (10):  1053-1057.  doi: 10.11958/20210617 Abstract ( 398 )   PDF (649KB) ( 2896 )   Objective To explore the role of P2RX7 and histone modification in trichostatin A (TSA) inhibiting NLRP3 and alleviating ovarian damage caused by cigarette smoke (CS) exposure in mice. Methods An mouse ovarian injury model was prepared by CS exposure twice daily for 30 days. TSA was injected intraperitoneally into CS-exposed mice on alternate days in the TSA-treated group. HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes of ovary after CS exposure. HDAC1, HDAC2, NLRP3, P2RX7 and EZH2 levels in ovary were detected by Western blot assay. Global modification levels of H3K4me1, H3K4me2, H3K9ac and H3K27me3 were also assessed by Western blot assay. Results Compared with the control group, the total ovary volume and the total number of follicles were reduced in the CS group, and the ovarian cortex was atrophy. TSA can effectively inhibit the morphological and structural changes of the mouse ovarian tissue caused by CS exposure. The expression levels of HDAC1, HDAC2, NLRP3 and P2RX7 in ovarian were significantly higher in the CS group than those in the control group. TSA effectively restored the decreased ovarian volume, cortex atrophy and follicle reduction induced by CS exposure (P＜0.05). Western blot results showed that TSA significantly inhibited the increased expression levels of NLRP3 and P2RX7 induced by CS exposure. Furthermore, TSA significantly inhibited expression levels of global H3K4me1, H3K4me2 and H3K9ac modifications induced by CS exposure (P＜0.05). Conclusion P2RX7 and histone modifications participate in the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and the alleviation of TSA injury induced by CS exposure in model mice. Related Articles | Metrics

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The protective effect and mechanism of melatonin on retinal oxidative damage in age-related macular degeneration model mice DONG Wei-hua, WEI Kang-kang, TIE Hong-yan, HE Zhang-biao, ZHAO Lin 2021, 49 (10):  1057-1062.  doi: 10.11958/20210798 Abstract ( 622 )   PDF (726KB) ( 2895 )   Objective To investigate the protective effect of melatonin (MEL) on retinal oxidative damage in agerelated macular degeneration (AMD) model mice and its effect on silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1)/forkhead box transcription factor O1 (FOXO1) pathway. Methods Ninety mice were divided into normal group, model group, MEL low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups by random number table method, with 18 mice in each group. Except for the normal group, mice in the other groups were injected with 25 µL/g NaIO3 through tail vein to prepare AMD mouse model. Mice in the low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose MEL groups were gavaged with 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg MEL, respectively. Mice in the normal group and model group were gavaged with the same volume of normal saline, once a day, for a consecutive week. Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) was performed by fundus fluorescein angiography, and retinal thickness was detected by optical coherence tomography (OCT). The morphology of retina was detected by HE staining. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) in serum of orbital venous blood were detected by kit. The protein levels of SIRT1, FOXO1 and Ac-FOXO1 were detected by Western blot assay. Results In the model group, the optic disc disappeared, the blood vessels contracted, the retina became white, the blood vessels ruptured, the cells in each layer of retina arranged disorderly, the cells in the outer nuclear layer arranged loosely, the cells embedded in the inner/outer segment, and the cells in the inner nuclear layer enlarged and arranged loosely. With the increase of MEL dose, the above symptoms were gradually improved. Compared with the normal group, the retinal thickness, orbital venous blood SOD, GSH-Px, CAT activity, and the protein levels of SIRT1 and Ac-FOXO1/FOXO1 in the retina decreased in the model group (P＜0.05). Compared with the model group, the retinal thickness, the activities of SOD, GSH-Px, CAT and the level of SIRT1 protein increased in the three MEL dose groups. The protein levels of ACFoxO1/FoxO1 in retina increased in MEL medium and high dose groups (P＜0.05). Conclusion MEL may protect the retina oxidative damage of AMD model mice by activating SIRT1/FOXO1 pathway. Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect of JAK2 rs10119004 gene polymorphism on voriconazole therapy to ICU patients with invasive fungal infection LIU Yu, LYU Dong-mei, XUE Ting, CHOU Xiao-hua, GAO Xing 2021, 49 (10):  1063-1067.  doi: 10.11958/20210640 Abstract ( 408 )   PDF (599KB) ( 2877 )   Objective To investigate the effects of JAK2 rs10119004 gene polymorphism on voriconzole blood concentration (Cmin) and therapeutic efficiency, and provide a reference for the individualized treatment of intensive care unit (ICU) patients who were diagnosed with invasive fungal infection. Methods The genotypes of JAK2 rs10119004 were detected by PCR and Sanger sequencing methods. The steady-state trough plasma concentration of voriconazole was detected by LC-MS/MS. The characteristics of Cmin, curative effects and adverse reactions in patients with different genotypes were analyzed. Results The trough blood concentration of voriconazole in 70 patients ranged from 0.12 to 12.23 mg/L, with an average of 3.07 (1.92, 5.48) mg/L. JAK2 genotypes were distributed as follows, 25 cases of wild unmutated G/G, 32 cases of heterozygous mutant G/A and 13 cases of homozygous mutant A/A. There were no significant differences in the effective rate of treatment and the incidence of adverse reactions between patients with different blood drug concentrations and different genotypes. There were significant differences in the plasma concentration of voriconazole between patients with different ages, plasma albumin (ALB) levels and JAK2 rs10119004 genotypes. The statistically significant influencing factors were included in the multiple regression model to obtain the final regression model C1=7.479+0.048×Age-0.233×ALB+ 1.405×X1 and C2=7.479+0.048×Age-0.233×ALB+1.208×X2 (X1: G/A=1, non G/A=0; X2: A/A=1, non A/A=0). Conclusion The genotypes of JAK2 rs10119004 can affect the Cmin of voriconazole in patients with invasive fungal infection in ICU. Related Articles | Metrics

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Therapeutic effect of percutaneous kyphoplasty companied with target puncture in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures TIAN Yong-gang, HAN Li-qiang, WANG Tong-hao, LIU Zhi, GUO Shu-zhang 2021, 49 (10):  1067-1071.  doi: 10.11958/20210824 Abstract ( 529 )   PDF (653KB) ( 2814 )   Objective To retrospectively review the operative therapy of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures with target puncture percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP). Methods From January 2017 to December 2018, 118 cases of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures treated with target puncture PKP were used as the target puncture PKP group, and 107 cases treated with traditional PKP were used as the traditional PKP group. The target of puncture was the fracture line if the fracture line was clear in CT images. Otherwise, the position with the highest signal in the MRI liposuction sequence was identified as the target of puncture. Target puncture was carried out via pedicle approach. Polymethylmethacrylate bone cement was injected after saccule dilatation. Data of operative time, intraoperative blood loss, quantity of polymethylmethacrylate bone cement, the leakage rate of polymethylmethacrylate bone cement, the rate of adjacent vertebral compression fracture, preoperative and postoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores, preoperative and postoperative vertebral height were compared between the two groups. Results The quantity of polymethylmethacrylate bone cement used in the target puncture PKP group was less than that in the traditional PKP group (P＜0.01), but there were no significant differences in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, bone cement leakage rate and the incidence of adjacent vertebral fracture between the two groups (P＞0.05). There were no significant differences in VAS scores and vertebral height before and after operation between the two groups (P＞0.05). The VAS scores of the two groups were significantly lower after operation than those before operation. The vertebral height of both groups increased after operation than that before operation (P＜0.01). Conclusion Compared with the traditional PKP, the target puncture PKP in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures can reduce the quantity of polymethylmethacrylate bone cement on the basis of obtaining the same surgical effect. It is an improvement and perfection of the traditional PKP. Related Articles | Metrics

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Efficacy analysis of recombinant human follicle stimulating hormone for long-term treatment of follicular phase in non-low response population PAN Li-na, HUANG Guan-you, HUANG Yong-li, XU Wen-fang, HU Zhu, ZHAO Shu-yun, CHEN Zhuo 2021, 49 (10):  1072-1077.  doi: 10.11958/20210645 Abstract ( 560 )   PDF (440KB) ( 2802 )   Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of domestic and imported recombinant human follicle stimulating hormone (rFSH) preparation for ovulation induction in non-low-response population with long-acting program in follicular phase. Methods Non-ovarian infertility patients with low response were retrospectively enrolled in our center for the first time to receive long-acting follicular phase IVF/ICSI assisted fertility treatment, all of whom received a COS longacting follicular phase therapy, and were divided into the domestic rFSH group (n=267) and the imported rFSH group (n= 240) according to different use of rFSH. Ovarian response, medication, egg fertilization and embryo, fresh embryo transfer and embryo thawing transfer were compared between the two groups. Results During the process of superovulation, the level of E 2 on HCG day was lower in the domestic rFSH group than that in the imported rFSH group (P＜0.05). There were no significant differences in total Gn, days of Gn use, the number of MⅡ eggs, the number of D3 excellent embryos and number of high-quality blastocysts between the two groups (P＞0.05). In the primary efficacy indicators, there were no significant differences in the average number of egg retrieved, cumulative live birth rate of one COS number of fresh embryos, the clinical pregnancy rate in the transplantation cycle, and the clinical pregnancy rate in the freeze-thaw transplantation cycle between the two groups (P＞0.05). Conclusion Compared with imported rFSH in the follicular phase, domestic rFSH can achieve the same safe efficacy and clinical outcome in non-low response patients. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application effects of laparoscopic partial splenectomy and laparoscopic total splenectomy in the treatment of benign splenic space-occupying lesions WU Di, ZHANG Yue, AN Yong, CHEN Xue-min, CHEN Wei-bo 2021, 49 (10):  1077-1080.  doi: 10.11958/20210180 Abstract ( 576 )   PDF (543KB) ( 2871 )   Objective To compare the difference of perioperative clinical indicators between laparoscopic partial splenectomy (LPS) and laparoscopic total splenectomy (LTS) in benign splenic space-occupying lesions. Methods Fiftytwo patients were divided into the LPS group (the lesion was located at the poles of spleen, n=22) and the LTS group (the lesion was located in the middle of spleen or close to spleen, n=30) according to the location of the lesion. The intraoperative condition, postoperative recovery and the incidence of thrombocytosis were compared between the two groups. Results Compared with the LPS group, the operation time was shortened in the LTS group, and the amount of intraoperative blood loss and blood transfusion were reduced (P＜0.01). There were no significant differences in the time of exhaust, defecation and ground activity after operation between the two groups (P＞0.05). The extubation time and postoperative hospital stay were longer in the LPS group than those in the LTS group (P＜0.05), but there was no significant difference in total hospitalization expenses between the two groups (P＞0.05). There was no postoperative blood transfusion in the two groups. The incidence of thrombocytosis during hospitalization and after discharge was lower in the LPS group than that in the LTS group (P＜0.05). Conclusion For patients whose lesions are located at the edge of spleen, laparoscopic partial splenectomy is a safe and mature treatment method, which can reduce the incidence of postoperative thrombocytosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect of dyslipidemia on liver function after the first chemotherapy in breast cancer patients LI Xiao-shuang, MA Fei, SUN Xiao-ying, LIU Chang, HAO Jing-hong 2021, 49 (10):  1081-1085.  doi: 10.11958/20210803 Abstract ( 848 )   PDF (410KB) ( 2845 )   Objective To analyze the effect of dyslipidemia on the liver function after the first chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. Methods A total of 814 patients with breast cancer in our hospital were collected. Patients were divided into the dyslipidemia group (n=456) and the normal blood lipid group (n=358) according to their blood lipid before the first chemotherapy. The occurrence of abnormal liver function after the chemotherapy was compared between the two groups. According to blood lipids before chemotherapy, patients with abnormal liver function after chemotherapy (n=268) were divided into the mixed dyslipidemia group (n=16), the non-mixed dyslipidemia group (n=157) and the normal lipid group (n= 95). The alanine transaminase (ALT) levels after chemotherapy were compared between the three groups. According to the changes of blood lipid indexes before and after chemotherapy, all the patients were divided into the unstable blood lipid group (n=723) and the stable blood lipid group (n=91). The ALT levels after chemotherapy were compared between the two groups. Results There were no significant differences in age, body mass index (BMI), surgical history, chemotherapy regimen, and combined trastuzumab and ALT level before the first chemotherapy between the dyslipidemia group and the normal lipidemia group. Compared with the normal group, the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) were significantly increased in the dyslipidemia group, while the levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) were significantly decreased (P＜0.01). The incidence of abnormal liver function after chemotherapy was higher in the dyslipidemia group (P＜0.01). After chemotherapy, the ALT level was significantly higher in the mixed dyslipidemia group than that in the non-mixed dyslipidemia group and the no dyslipidemia group (P＜0.01). After chemotherapy, the ALT level was significantly higher in the unstable blood lipid group than that in the stable blood lipid group (P＜0.05). Conclusion Breast cancer patients with lipid metabolism disorders are more likely to develop liver dysfunction after chemotherapy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of surgical outcomes of lumbarspinal stenosis with redundant nerve roots LI Hui-xia, ZHAO Yu-long, WANG Qi, LI Xiao-hui, FENG Lin, ZHANG Yong-ting 2021, 49 (10):  1085-1088.  doi: 10.11958/20210835 Abstract ( 888 )   PDF (468KB) ( 3076 )   Objective To analyze the characteristics of redundant nerve roots (RNRs) in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) by magnetic resonance (MRI), to observe the clinical outcome of posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) and to explore the clinical value of RNRs in the choice of operation and prognosis. Methods A total of 209 patients with LSS who were confirmed clinically and treated with PLIF were collected. The patients were divided into groups according to whether there were RNRs in the sagittal T2-weighted images of lumbar. The cross-sectional area (CSA) of the narrowest part of lumbar spine was measured. Lumbar Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score were made for patients before and after operation. Results There were 85 cases in the RNRs group and 124 cases in the nonRNRs group, and the incidence of RNRs was 40.7%. Compared with the control group, the age, the degree of spinal stenosis, ODI score and VAS score were higher in RNRs group (P＜0.01). There was no significant difference in sex ratio between the two groups (P＞0.05). After PLIF treatment, 68 patients were relieved RNRs in the RNRs group (relief group), and 17 patients were not relieved RNRs (unrelieved group), with an unrelieved rate of 20.0%. The postoperative ODI score and VAS score were significantly higher in the unrelieved group than those in the relief group and the control group (P＜0.05), but there were no significant differences in the clinical scores between the relief group and the control group (P＞0.05). Conclusion The key to evaluate the surgical outcomes of LSS is whether the postoperative RNRs are relieved. There is a relatively poor effect in patients who still have RNRs after surgery than that of patients with RNRs has been relieved after operation. RNRs can be used as the index of surgical prognosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of sevoflurane preconditioning and dexmedetomidine on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients with esophageal carcinoma CUI Song-qin, HUANG Hong-fang, HUANG Xue-lian, RUI Xiao, HUANG Sai-sai 2021, 49 (10):  1089-1093.  doi: 10.11958/20210806 Abstract ( 594 )   PDF (420KB) ( 2823 )   Objective To compare the effects of sevoflurane pretreatment and dexmedetomidine (DEX) on postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in elderly patients with surgery for esophageal carcinoma, and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods A total of 120 patients who underwent esophageal carcinoma were assigned to the following four groups (n=30 for each group): control group, sevoflurane group, DEX group and DEX+sevoflurane group. Before intravenous induction, control group accepted to inhale oxygen, sevoflurane group accepted to pretreat with sevoflurane, DEX group accepted to inhale oxygen and to pretreat with DEX, and DEX+sevoflurane group accepted to pretreat with sevoflurane and DEX. The heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) before anesthesia administration, after the intubation and extubation were observed in the four groups. The 48 h VAS scores and POCD incidence at 1 d, 3 d and 7 d after operation were compared between the four groups. The S100β and NSE protein concentrations were measured by ELISA before anesthesia administration，after extubation and the 1st, 3rd, and 7th postoperative days. Results There was no interaction between sevoflurane and DEX on HR and MAP during the experiment (P＞0.05). Compared with the control group, the HR decreased in the sevoflurane pretreatment group only after the intubation (P＜0.05), and the HR and MAP decreased in DEX group after the intubation and at the time of extubation (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients with satisfactory and analgesia ratio in sevoflurane group 48 h after surgery (P＞0.05). Compared with the control group and sevoflurane group, the proportion of patients with satisfactory and analgesia ratio increased in Dex group and Dex + sevoflurane group, while the proportion of patients with 4-10 scores decreased (P＜0.05). Compared with the control group, the incidence of POCD one day after surgery was decreased in the sevoflurane group, the incidence of POCD 1 d and 7 d after surgery was decreased in the DEX group, and the incidence of POCD 1 d, 3 d and 7 d after surgery was decreased in the DEX+sevoflurane group (P＜0.05). There was no interaction between sevoflurane and DEX on serum S100β protein and NSE protein concentrations during the experiment (P＞0.05). The serum levels of S100β protein and NSE protein decreased after the extubation and 1 d, 3 d after operation in sevoflurane group compared with those of control group (P＜0.05). The serum levels of S100β protein and NSE protein also decreased after the extubation and 1 d, 3 d and 7 d after operation in DEX group (P＜0.05). Conclusion Both sevoflurane and DEX pretreatment can inhibit the increased serum levels of S100β and NSE protein in elderly patients after the surgery for esophageal carcinoma, thereby reducing the incidence of POCD. DEX is more effective, but the combined effect of the two drugs is not ideal. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative study on ultrasound measurement of bilateral radial and ulnar arteries in infants LI Fan-long, ZHANG Xiao-qing, NONG Xiao-lian, ZHU Fu-ru, LIANG Sheng-feng, LAN Yu-yan 2021, 49 (10):  1094-1097.  doi: 10.11958/20210799 Abstract ( 671 )   PDF (385KB) ( 2983 )   Objective To explore the difference of ultrasound-guided radial and ulnar artery catheterization by measuring the inner diameter and depth of the bilateral radial and ulnar arteries in infants. Methods A total of 120 infants selected for elective surgery in our hospital underwent general anesthesia were included in this study. The depth, inner diameter and anatomical variation of the three mark points of bilateral radial and ulnar arteries were recorded. At the same time, the height, body weight, time of abstaining from drinking and fasting, the mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and body temperature of children were recorded. Results There were no significant differences in the depth and inner diameter of radial artery and ulnar artery measured by ultrasound between the left and right forearms. Both radial arteries were superficial than ulnar arteries (P＜0.05). The depth of the second measurement mark point of radial and ulnar artery was deeper than that of the first measurement mark point, and the third measurement mark point was deeper than that of the second measurement mark point (P＜0.05). There were no significant differences in internal diameters of radial and ulnar arteries between all measurement mark points. The depth of bilateral radial and ulnar arteries was negatively correlated with age, height, body weight and MAP, and positively correlated with HR (P＜0.01). The internal diameters of bilateral radial and ulnar arteries were positively correlated with age, height, body weight and MAP, and negatively correlated with HR (P＜ 0.01). Conclusion The inner diameters of radial and ulnar arteries in infants under ultrasound are similar. The ultrasoundguided arterial puncture of radial and ulnar arteries in infants has selective value, and which is worthy of further study. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the correlation between serum Periostin level and left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with chronic kidney disease WANG Yong-yan, LIN Hong-li, LI Yu-geng, YU Jing, WEI Ling-bo, ZHU Dong-dong 2021, 49 (10):  1098-1102.  doi: 10.11958/20210929 Abstract ( 427 )   PDF (411KB) ( 2863 )   Objective To investigate the correlation between serum Periostin level and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods A total of 136 CKD patients were selected. According to the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), the patients were divided into 3 groups: A (stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ, n=56), B (stage Ⅲ, n=38) and C (stage Ⅳ-Ⅴ, n=42). In addition, 30 healthy individuals who had physical examinations during the same period were selected as the control group. The difference of serum Periostin levels and general data in patients with different stages of CKD were compared. Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between serum Periosti and other indexes in patients with CKD. According to whether CKD patients were combined with LVH, they were divided into the LVH group (n= 32) and the non-LVH group (n=104). The general data and serum levels of Periostin were compared between the two groups. The risk factors of CKD patients with LVH were analyzed by Logistic regression. Results (1) Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, homocysteine (HCY), creatinine (SCr), urea nitrogen (BUN), left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and Periostin increased gradually in group A, B and C, and there were significant differences between any two of indicators (P＜ 0.05). (2) The serum levels of Periodin in CKD patients were positively correlated with systolic blood pressure, HCY, SCr, BUN and LVMI (P＜0.05). (3) The systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, HCY, SCr, BUN, LVMI and Periodin were significantly higher in the LVH group than those of the non-LVH group (P＜0.05). (4) Logistic regression analysis showed that the increased systolic blood pressure (OR=1.793, 95%CI: 1.018-3.160), HCY (OR=1.978, 95%CI: 1.118-3.499) and Periotin (OR=2.119, 95%CI: 1.332-3.372) were independent risk factors for CKD patients with LVH (P＜0.05). Conclusion The serum level of Periostin is abnormally high in CKD patients, and its expression level is closely related to left ventricular hypertrophy. Related Articles | Metrics

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The comparison of anteroposterior and lateral view of ankle and anteroposterior and oblique view of foot in the diagnosis of the fracture of the fifth metatarsal base TONG Wei-ling, YANG Gui-hua, ZHANG Yu-nan, XIN Yu-jing, BAI Guo-jie, CHENG Yue 2021, 49 (10):  1102-1106.  doi: 10.11958/20211372 Abstract ( 2102 )   PDF (624KB) ( 2937 )   Objective To analysis the value of X-ray examination in anteroposterior and lateral view of ankle and anteroposterior and oblique view of foot in the diagnosis of the fracture of the fifth metatarsal base, and optimize the inspection process. Methods A total of 96 patients with the fracture of the fifth metatarsal base were included in this study, and the X-ray examination was performed in the anteroposterior and lateral view of ankle and anteroposterior and oblique view of foot at the same time. The display of the fracture of the fifth metatarsal base in all 4 projections and the Mehlhorn classifications were analyzed. Results In all 96 patients, 86 patients showed the fracture in the anteroposterior view of ankle joint, 90 patients showed the fracture in the lateral view of ankle joint, 65 patients in the anteroposterior view of foot, and 83 patients showed the fracture in the oblique view of foot. The fracture rates of ankle joint in anteroposterior and lateral view were higher than those in the anteroposterior and oblique view of foot (91.7% vs. 77.1%, χ2=15.486, P＜0.01). There were no significant differences in fracture rates between the anteroposterior and lateral view of ankle joint (89.6% vs. 90.0%, 2χ =1.091, P＞0.05). For Mehlhorn classifications, the anteroposterior and lateral view of ankle joint showed better than those of the anteroposterior and oblique view of foot in type Ⅰand Ⅲ (typeⅠ: 92.9% vs. 71.4%, χ2=6.574; type Ⅲ: 93.9% vs. 77.3%, χ2=7.439, P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in typeⅡ between the both (89.3% vs.79.8%, χ2=2.912, P＞ 0.05). There was no significant difference in typeⅠand typeⅡ between the anteroposterior and lateral view of ankle (typeⅠ: 100.0% vs. 85.7%，χ2=3.231, typeⅡ: 85.7% vs. 92.9%, χ2=2.912, P＞0.05），but there was significant difference in type Ⅲ (87.9% vs. 100.0%, χ2=4.258, P＜0.05). Conclusion The anteroposterior and lateral view of ankle joint can show the fracture of the fifth metatarsal base clearly, and it is suggested anteroposterior and lateral view of ankle should be taken Xray examination for patients with swelling and pain at ankle joint. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances of bone morphogenetic protein -7 in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy ZHANG Ying-chao, MI Yan, WANG Cai-li 2021, 49 (10):  1107-1111.  doi: 10.11958/20210743 Abstract ( 485 )   PDF (389KB) ( 2803 )   Diabetic nephropathy is a serious microvascular complication that endangers the health of diabetic patients. It is mainly characterized by microalbuminuria, glomerular basement membrane thickening, extracellular matrix deposition, glomerular hypertrophy and mesangial membrane dilatation. In the development of this disease, bone morphogenetic protein -7 (BMP-7), as a member of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily, plays a variety of biological functions. It is involved in the regulation of renal mesangial cell dilation, podocyte apoptosis, renal tubule injury and renal fibrosis. In this paper, we discussed the mechanism of BMP-7 and TGF- β/Smads signaling pathway, PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and mesenchymal stem cells in diabetic nephropathy, in order to provide reference for the related research. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the relationship between long non-coding RNA and congenital cleft palate TANG Jing, SONG Qing-gao 2021, 49 (10):  1111-1115.  doi: 10.11958/20210895 Abstract ( 490 )   PDF (391KB) ( 2870 )   Cleft palate is a common congenital developmental malformation of the maxillofacial region. The development of palate has strict pattern and precise spatial and temporal sequence, and any small disturbance to its developmental process may lead to cleft palate. Several studies have shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) can regulate cell biological behavior at multiple levels and are closely related to the development of cleft palate. Therefore, in this paper, we introduced the mechanisms of lncRNA regulating cell differentiation, proliferation, autophagy, apoptosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and preliminarily summarized the currently known lncRNA-miRNA regulatory axis in cleft palate in order to provide a new reference and perspective for the etiological study of cleft palate malformation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of SGLT2 inhibitor in the occurrence of atrial fibrillation SHAO Qing-miao, ZHANG Tao, LIU Tong, LI Guang-ping 2021, 49 (10):  1116-1120.  doi: 10.11958/20210786 Abstract ( 503 )   PDF (386KB) ( 2854 )   Diabetes and its complications are closely related to the high incidence rate of atrial fibrillation (AF). Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i), as a new type of hypoglycemic drugs, can reduce the renal glucose threshold by inhibiting SGLT2 receptor and ultimately achieve the hypoglycemic effect by promoting urine glucose excretion. In addition to the hypoglycemic effect, SGLT2i also has a series of beneficial effects such as reducing blood pressure, reducing body weight, lowering blood uric acid and reducing proteinuria. SGLT2i can not only reduce the risk of cardiovascular death and heart failure, but also more and more evidence shows that SGLT2i plays an important role in reducing AF occurrence. This paper summarizes the potential role of SGLT2i in AF, and its related mechanisms, which provides a new way for the prevention and treatment of AF. Related Articles | Metrics