Correlation between serum RAR, FAM19A5 and LECT2 expression and glycolipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with metabolic syndrome

doi:10.11958/20250620

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the relationship between the serum red blood cell distribution width (RDW) to albumin (ALB) ratio, the expression of family with sequence similarity 19 member A5 (FAM19A5) and leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2) with the glucose and lipid metabolism indexes in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with metabolic syndrome (MS). Methods A total of 119 patients with T2DM were selected as the study group, and patients were divided into the MS group (67 cases) and the non-MS group (52 cases) based on whether they were complicated with MS. Meanwhile, 93 healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations in our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. RDW was detected by an automatic blood cell analyzer, and ALB was detected by an automatic biochemical analyzer. The ratio of RDW to ALB (RAR) was calculated. The serum levels of FAM19A5 and LECT2 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The correlation between serum and glycolipid metabolism indicators was analyzed by Pearson's method. The diagnostic value of serum RAR, FAM19A5 and LECT2 for MS in T2DM patients was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results Compared with the control group, the study group exhibited significantly higher levels of total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum RAR, FAM19A5 and LECT2, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly lower (P<0.05). Compared to the non-MS group, body mass index (BMI), duration of T2DM, history of hypertension, blood pressure, waist circumference, TG, fasting insulin (FINS), FBG, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), serum RAR, FAM19A5 and LECT2 were significantly increased, and HDL-C was decreased in the MS group (P<0.05). Serum RAR, FAM19A5 and LECT2 were positively correlated with TG, FINS, FBG, HbA1c and HOMA-IR, and which was negatively correlated with HDL-C (P<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) for the diagnosis of T2DM patients with MS using RAR, FAM19A5 and LECT2 individually were 0.821, 0.807 and 0.793, respectively, and the combined AUC was 0.952, indicating that the combined diagnostic efficacy of RAR, FAM19A5 and LECT2 was superior to their individual efficacies (P<0.05). Conclusion Serum levels of RAR, FAM19A5 and LECT2 are elevated in T2DM patients with MS. These biomarkers exhibit a strong association with indices of glucose and lipid metabolism. The combination of these three markers has significant clinical diagnostic value for T2DM patients with MS.

Key words: diabetes mellitus, type 2, metabolic syndrome, red blood cell distribution width to albumin ratio, family with sequence similarity 19, member A5, leukocyte derived chemokine 2

CLC Number:

R587.1

Figures/Tables 5

References 20

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组别		n	TC/ （mmol/L）		TG/ （mmol/L）		HDL-C/ （mmol/L）		LDL-C/ （mmol/L）
对照组		93	3.49±0.38		1.17±0.14		1.31±0.16		2.37±0.26
研究组		119	4.50±0.48		2.23±0.25		1.16±0.17		2.71±0.29
t			16.623^＊＊		36.634^＊＊		6.541^＊＊		8.860^＊＊
组别	FBG/ （mmol/L）			RAR		FAM19A5/（ng/L）		LECT2/ （μg/L）
对照组	4.95±0.52			0.26±0.05		102.43±19.21		15.41±3.96
研究组	9.36±0.97			0.37±0.08		152.79±28.64		29.87±6.54
t	39.608^＊＊			11.604^＊＊		14.583^＊＊		18.794^＊＊

组别		n	TC/ （mmol/L）		TG/ （mmol/L）		HDL-C/ （mmol/L）		LDL-C/ （mmol/L）
对照组		93	3.49±0.38		1.17±0.14		1.31±0.16		2.37±0.26
研究组		119	4.50±0.48		2.23±0.25		1.16±0.17		2.71±0.29
t			16.623^＊＊		36.634^＊＊		6.541^＊＊		8.860^＊＊
组别	FBG/ （mmol/L）			RAR		FAM19A5/（ng/L）		LECT2/ （μg/L）
对照组	4.95±0.52			0.26±0.05		102.43±19.21		15.41±3.96
研究组	9.36±0.97			0.37±0.08		152.79±28.64		29.87±6.54
t	39.608^＊＊			11.604^＊＊		14.583^＊＊		18.794^＊＊

组别		n	年龄/岁			性别（男/女）			BMI/（kg/m²）		T2DM病程/年				吸烟史		饮酒史			高血压史
非MS组		52	59.24±10.26			25/27			26.09±3.05		8.04±4.92				9（17.31）		6（11.54）			11（21.15）
MS组		67	57.13±9.85			29/38			27.63±3.49		9.76±4.25				12（17.91）		9（13.43）			26（38.81）
t或χ²			1.138			0.271			2.521^＊		2.044^＊				0.007		0.095			4.258^＊
组别	收缩压/mmHg				舒张压/mmHg		腰围/cm			RAR			FAM19A5/（ng/L）			LECT2/（μg/L）			TC/（mmol/L）
非MS组	123.21±13.27				78.20±7.48		87.11±8.69			0.31±0.07			126.54±24.26			24.76±5.19			4.47±0.58
MS组	129.42±11.85				83.76±8.13		96.27±9.16			0.42±0.11			173.16±32.71			33.84±7.42			4.53±0.42
T	2.691^＊＊				3.831^＊＊		5.533^＊＊			6.287^＊＊			8.601^＊＊			7.510^＊＊			0.654
组别	TG/（mmol/L）			HDL-C/（mmol/L）				LDL-C/（mmol/L）				FINS/（mU/L）		FBG/（mmol/L）				HbA1c/%			HOMA-IR
非MS组	1.21±0.27			1.30±0.33				2.75±0.29				5.84±1.08		8.72±1.15				7.23±1.08			2.14±0.58
MS组	3.03±0.89			1.05±0.27				2.68±0.36				9.64±1.79		9.85±1.07				8.96±2.14			3.94±0.83
T	14.235^＊＊			4.545^＊＊				1.143				13.511^＊＊		5.530^＊＊				5.324^＊＊			13.313^＊＊

组别		n	年龄/岁			性别（男/女）			BMI/（kg/m²）		T2DM病程/年				吸烟史		饮酒史			高血压史
非MS组		52	59.24±10.26			25/27			26.09±3.05		8.04±4.92				9（17.31）		6（11.54）			11（21.15）
MS组		67	57.13±9.85			29/38			27.63±3.49		9.76±4.25				12（17.91）		9（13.43）			26（38.81）
t或χ²			1.138			0.271			2.521^＊		2.044^＊				0.007		0.095			4.258^＊
组别	收缩压/mmHg				舒张压/mmHg		腰围/cm			RAR			FAM19A5/（ng/L）			LECT2/（μg/L）			TC/（mmol/L）
非MS组	123.21±13.27				78.20±7.48		87.11±8.69			0.31±0.07			126.54±24.26			24.76±5.19			4.47±0.58
MS组	129.42±11.85				83.76±8.13		96.27±9.16			0.42±0.11			173.16±32.71			33.84±7.42			4.53±0.42
T	2.691^＊＊				3.831^＊＊		5.533^＊＊			6.287^＊＊			8.601^＊＊			7.510^＊＊			0.654
组别	TG/（mmol/L）			HDL-C/（mmol/L）				LDL-C/（mmol/L）				FINS/（mU/L）		FBG/（mmol/L）				HbA1c/%			HOMA-IR
非MS组	1.21±0.27			1.30±0.33				2.75±0.29				5.84±1.08		8.72±1.15				7.23±1.08			2.14±0.58
MS组	3.03±0.89			1.05±0.27				2.68±0.36				9.64±1.79		9.85±1.07				8.96±2.14			3.94±0.83
T	14.235^＊＊			4.545^＊＊				1.143				13.511^＊＊		5.530^＊＊				5.324^＊＊			13.313^＊＊

指标	RAR	FAM19A5	LECT2
TC	0.127	0.089	0.171
TG	0.356^＊＊	0.427^＊＊	0.392^＊＊
HDL-C	-0.379^＊＊	-0.438^＊＊	-0.416^＊＊
LDL-C	-0.138	-0.106	-0.124
FINS	0.432^＊＊	0.492^＊＊	0.457^＊＊
FBG	0.446^＊＊	0.463^＊＊	0.469^＊＊
HbA1c	0.491^＊＊	0.458^＊＊	0.442^＊＊
HOMA-IR	0.427^＊＊	0.434^＊＊	0.468^＊＊