Abstract: The poor prognosis of patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is related to its high systemic metastasis rate, insensitivity to conventional treatment and easy development of drug resistance. With the continuous exploration of anti-tumor mechanism of immune system and immune characteristics of TNBC, immune checkpoint inhibitors represented by programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1) provide new treatment options for TNBC. However, the effect of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor monotherapy is not ideal. Therefore, this article aims to explore the application of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with other immune checkpoint inhibitors with different mechanisms in the treatment of TNBC patients.

Key words: triple negative breast neoplasms, programmed cell death 1 receptor, programmed cell death protein 1, immune checkpoint inhibitors, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor