Abstract: Abstract Objective：Recurrence of hepatitis C in the graft is universal and may lead to chronic hepatitis in most patients and to cirrhosis in 20-30% of patients within 5-10 years of transplantation. Early identification of patients at a higher risk of rapidly progressive recurrent hepatitis post liver transplantation (LT) could help to tailor antiviral therapy. We retrospective studied the risk factors of recurrence of hepatitis C in the graft and wish to provide basis for prevention and treament of hepatitis C. Methods：We studied the before and early post-LT viral load and the histological and clinical outcomes of 44 consecutive patients (37 males,7 female, median age 57.84（39-76） years) ,whom were receiving liver transplantation in tianjin first central hospital from 2006 4th to 2009 4th. The immunosuppressive therapy（FK506＋MMF＋Pred），examing the liver function，FK blood concentration，HCV viraemia are convention,analysis the impactive factors of hepatitis C recurrence. Results：Hepatitis C recurred at histology in 31 of 44 (70.46%) patients. Brfore LT and early viral load after LT was higher in patients with rapidly progressive hepatitis C recurrence (（P<.01）.Recipient older than 65 years have higher recurrent rate(P<.05). Antiviral therapy with interferon compared with untreated patients with higher HCV negative rate (P <.05). Cytomegalovirus infection and the use of immunosuppressive program has nothing to do with the recurrence Conclusion：The results emphasize the importance of high viral loads in the pre and early posttransplant period as an independent redictor of recipient outcomes. 2Interferon antiviral therapy is feasible for recurrence hepatitis C.

Key words: Liver transplantation , Recurrence hepatitis C