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15 September 2016, Volume 44 Issue 9 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Cell and Molecular Biology

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Cell and Molecular Biology

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The expression and function of miRNAs in human endometrial cells CHEN Cheng, LI Tianjie, YUAN Peng, ZHAO Yue, YU Yang, LI Rong△ 2016, 44 (9):  1057-1061.  doi: 10.11958/20160193 Abstract ( 970 )   PDF (777KB) ( 3965 )   Abstract: Objective To explore the expression and function of miR-125b, miR-30b and miR-424 in endometrial cells. Methods Human endometrial samples were obtained in natural cycles and stimulating cycles. Endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) and endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) were isolated and confirmed by immunofluorescence. The expressions of miR-125b, miR-30b and miR-424 were detected by real-time PCR. Results The expression levels of miR-125b, miR- 30b and miR-424 were higher in proliferative phase in ESCs than those in EECs. And in EECs, the expression levels of miR-125b, miR-30b and miR-424 were significantly up-regulated in secretory phase than in proliferative phase, while it was stable in ESCs. In addition, the expressions of miR-125b in EECs and miR-30b were increased in ESCs in women with elevated progesterone on the day of HCG administration than those of the control. The target genes of miR-125b, miR-30b and miR- 424 mainly participated in cell migration and motion, cell- cell adherens junction and Wnt signaling pathway. Conclusion miR-125b, miR-30b and miR-424 were differently expressed in endometrial cells in different phases, and may participate in regulation of endometrial receptivity. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Effect of Transforming Growth Factor β Receptor type I on Adipocyte Differentiation 2016, 44 (9):  1062-1064.  doi: 10.11958/20160429 Abstract ( 862 )   PDF (670KB) ( 4232 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of transforming growth factor β receptor type Ⅰ (TGFBRⅠ) on adipocyte differentiation by using a small interference RNA (siRNA). Methods The siRNA targeting TGFBRⅠwas synthesized as experimental group, and negative control siRNA was used as control group. The efficiency of TGFBR Ⅰ depletion and the expression levels of adipocyte- specific transcription factors CCAAT enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα)， peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and adipocyte marker gene fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) were detected by quantitative real-time PCR. After treating with adipocyte differentiation agents for 5 days, the cells were stained with oil red O, and the staining of adipocyte was observed and photographed by laser confocal microscope. In addition, with isopropanol extracted oil red O, optical density values of oil red O were measured at a wavelength of 520, and which were compared between groups. Results After transfection of TGFBR Ⅰ siRNA, gene expression levels of TGFBR Ⅰ were significantly reduced in ST2 cells, the number of differentiated adipocytes was significantly increased, and the mRNA levels of adipocyte specific transcription factor C/EBP α and PPARγ and adipocyte marker gene FABP4 were enhanced compared with those of control group. After treating with adipocyte differentiation agents for 5 days， the number of lipid droplets of cells with transfection of TGFBRⅠsiRNA was increased than that of cells with transfection of control siRNA. The value of optical density was higher in cells with transfection of TGFBRⅠsiRNA than that of control siRNA group. Conclusion TGFBRⅠ siRNA can effectively facilitate adipocyte formation, which suggests that TGFBR Ⅰis an important regulator of adipogenic differentiation from prog Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction of Nfic gene 3′UTR dual luciferase reporter vector and targeting verification between Nfic and miR-20a WANG Shan1,2, LI Xiaoxia2, ZHOU Jie1, WANG Baoli1△ 2016, 44 (9):  1065-1068.  doi: 10.11958/20160318 Abstract ( 943 )   PDF (322KB) ( 4346 )   Abstract: Objective To construct a luciferase reporter vector containing the 3′ untranslated region (3′ UTR) of nuclear factor I-C (nuclear factor I-C, Nfic), and apply dual luciferase reporter gene system to determine the association between microRNA-20a (miR-20a) and its potential target gene Nfic. Methods The potential complementary binding sites of miR-20a and Nfic were predicted by Targetscan. The 3′UTR of Nfic fragment amplified by PCR was cloned into luciferase reporter vector MIR- Report Luciferase. The luciferase reporters containing 3′ UTR of Nfic and miR- 20 mimics (experimental group) or NC mimics (control group) were co-transfected into 293-AD cells. Cells were collected, and then dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to detect the luciferase activity of the two groups of cells, consequently the relationship between miR-20a and Nfic was identified. The miR-20a mimics and NC mimics were transfected into marrow stromal cell line ST2 respectively. The total cell lysates were collected, and the expression level of NFIC was detected by Western blotting assay. Results Results of double enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing showed that sequence of luciferase reporter vector was correct. miR-20a specificity bounded to Nfic 3′UTR and inhibited the luciferase activity of the reporter construct (P < 0.05). Western blotting assay showed that the NFIC protein level was obviously down-regulated in ST2 cells after the transfection of miR- 20a mimics compared with that of control. Conclusion The luciferase reporter vector containing the 3′UTR of Nfic is constructed successfully, which confirms that miR- 20a can direct effect on Nfic3′ UTR and repress its luciferase activity. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of ginsenoside Rg3 on vasculogenic mimicry of breast cancer MCF-7 cell line LI Guodong1， YANG Hui2， LU Ying2△ 2016, 44 (9):  1069-1072.  doi: 10.11958/20160064 Abstract ( 887 )   PDF (747KB) ( 4128 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects and mechanism of ginsenoside Rg3 on vasculogenic mimicry of human breast cancer MCF-7 cell line. Methods The MCF-7 cells at logarithmic growth phase were obtained, and were cultured with different concentrations (0, 20, 50, 100, 150 and 300 mg/L) of ginsenoside Rg3. Cells cultured without Rg3 were served as controls. The IC50 were determined by CCK8 assay and anti-angiogenic effects were performed for testing the potential of tube-like structure (TLSs) formation. The expression levels of VEGF-A, MMP9 and HIF-1α were detected by Western blotting and real-time PCR. The secreted contents of VEGF-A and MMP9 were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The ginsenoside Rg3 suppressed the proliferation of MCF-7 cells in a dosedependent manner, in which IC50 was (115.34±8.50) mg/L. The formation numbers of TLSs in MCF-7 cells were significantly inhibited by Rg3 in concentration dependent manner in 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L and 150 mg/L for (19.0±1.0), (15.0±1.5), and (10.0±1.7) vs. controls (22.0±1.8, F=150.805, P < 0.05). The mRNA and protein expression levels of VEGF-A, MMP9 and HIF-1α protein were inhibited by 50 mg/L,100 mg/L and 150 mg/L Rg3 vs. controls (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the contents of VEGF-A in MCF-7 cell supernatant was down-regulated by 50 mg/L,100 mg/L and 150 mg/L Rg3 vs. controls (P < 0.05). The contents of MMP-9 in MCF-7 cell supernatant was down-regulated by 100 mg/L and 150 mg/L Rg3 vs. controls (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in MMP- 9 expression between 50 mg/L group and control group. Conclusion The ginsenoside Rg3 is able to inhibit the vasculogenic mimicry of MCF- 7 cells, which may be related with the down-regulation of VEGF-A, MMP9 and HIF-1α. Related Articles | Metrics

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The regulatory effect of HO-1 /CO pathway on inflammatory cytokines in a rat model of incisional pain WANG Yuntao1, SHAN Shimin1△, LIU Xiaozhi2 2016, 44 (9):  1073-1077.  doi: 10.11958/20160268 Abstract ( 944 )   PDF (388KB) ( 3899 )   Objective To investigate the effects of HO/CO pathway on inflammation cytokines in a rat model of incisional pain. Methods Thirty-six rats were executed to collect ipsilateral spinal cord tissues for HO- 1 detection by Western blot assay, and cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- a, interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-6 and high mobility group box (HMGB)1 were detected by ELISA before and at 1, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h after establishing incisional pain model. Additionally, 36 rats without establishment of incisional pain model were used as control group. A total of 144 model rats of incisional pain were divided into incisional pain (IP) group, IP+hemin group (100 mg/kg hemin was injected by i.p. before operation), IP+ Znpp-IX group (45 μmoL/kg Znpp-IX was injected by i.p. before operation) and IP+CORM-2 group (10 mg/kg CORM-2 was injected by i.p. before operation). Values of paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) and paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL) were detected, and expressions of TNF-a, IL-1 b, IL-6 and HMGB1 were measured by ELISA before and at 1, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h after operation. Results Compared with pre-operation of incisional pain in rats, expression levels of HO-1 protein and cytokines TNF-a, IL-1 b, IL-6 and HMGB1 were increased at 1, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h after operation (P＜ 0.05). Compared with control group, values of PWMT and PWTL were obviously decreased, and expression levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and HMGB1 were increased at 1, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h after operation in IP groups (P＜ 0.05). Compared with IP groups, values of PWMT and PWTL were significantly increased and cytokines TNF- a, IL-1 b, IL-6 and HMGB1 were decreased at 1, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h after operation in IP+hemin group and IP+CORM-2 group (P＜ 0.05). Values of PWMT and PWTL were decreased and cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and HMGB1 were increased in IP+Znpp-IX group (P＜ 0.05). Conclusion Incisional pain can increase the expression of HO-1, and HO-1/CO pathway exists the regulatory effect on inflammatory cytokines in the rat model of incisional pain. Related Articles | Metrics

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The expression of PNUTS in the cochlea of D-galactose induced ageing mice WU Xidi, ZHANG Qiao, LI Wenjing, LIU Shuangyue 2016, 44 (9):  1078-1080.  doi: 10.11958/20150438 Abstract ( 717 )   PDF (493KB) ( 3709 )   Objective To observe the expression of protein phosphates 1 nuclear targeting subunit (PNUTS) in the cochlea of D- galactose induced ageing mice. Methods Twenty Kunming mice, six weeks old, cleaning degree, were randomly divided into two groups, control group and D-galactose group, ten mice for each group. Mice in D-galactose group were administrated with D-galactose at a dose of 800 mg/(kg· d) by subcutaneous injection for eight weeks. Mice in control group were injected with the same volume of saline. After eight weeks, auditory brainstem responses (ABR) were collected to test the hearing thresholds of mice. Western blot assay was used to detect expressions of PNUTS and p53 protein. The expression and distribution of PNUTS in the cochlear Corti, spiral ganglion and striavascularis cells were observed by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Results There were no significant differences in ABRs at 8, 12 and 24 kHz between two groups. Protein expressions of PNUTS were located in the cochlear hair cells, spiral ganglion cells and striavascularis cells, and the expression level of cochlea was significantly decreased in D-galactose group than that in control group (P < 0.05). The expression level of p53 protein was significantly increased in D-galactose group than that in control group (P < 0.01). Conclusion PNUTS is expressed in the normal mouse cochlea, and which is down- regulated in the cochlea of ageing mice induced by D-galactose. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression and significance of Rac1 and WAVE2 in glomerulus of high-fat diet induced C57BL/6J model mice ZHEN Yongyu1, AI Hao2, LI Xiaoming1,2△ 2016, 44 (9):  1081-1083.  doi: 10.11958/20150315 Abstract ( 1350 )   PDF (284KB) ( 3731 )   Objective To explore the expression and significance of Rac1 and WAVE2 protein in glomerulus of highfat diet induced C57BL/6J model mice. Methods Thirty-two male C57BL/6J mice (3-week old) were randomly assigned into two groups(16 in each group). The control group was fed with basic diet (10% fat) for 4 weeks. The high-fat diet group was fed with high-fat diet (60% fat) for 4 weeks. The kidney morphological changes were examined by HE and PAS staining. The expressions of Rac1 and WAVE2 protein were examined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis. Results HE and PAS results showed that there were glomeruli mesangial matrix hyperplasia and exudation in high- fat diet group compared with control group. The immunohistochemistry and Western blotting results showed that expressions of Rac1 and WAVE2 in glomerulus were both increased in high-fat diet group compared with those of control group. Conclusion Rac1 and WAVE2 protein may be involved in glomerular injuries induced by high-fat diet. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of N-acetylcysteine on behavior and monoamine neurotransmitters in rats with chronic unpredictable stress LUO Guoshuai1, YANG Jianli2△, SI Jijian2, WANG Lili2, WANG Chengzhan1 2016, 44 (9):  1084-1087.  doi: 10.11958/20160092 Abstract ( 1063 )   PDF (371KB) ( 4058 )   Objective To investigate effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on changes of the behavior and the monoamine neurotransmitters in prefrontal cortex (PFC), striatum (ST), amygdala (AM) and hippocampus (HIP) in rat model of chronic unpredictable stress (CUS), and to explore the possible mechanisms related to the NAC. Methods Thirty- two male Sprague-Dawle (SD) rats were divided into CUS group, fluoxetine group (FLX), NAC group and control group (n=8 for each group). Rats in CUS group, NAC group and FLX group were all fed alone and received CUS for 6 weeks to establish CUS model. Rats in NAC group and FLX group were given NAC and FLX by daily intragastric administration respectively during the last 3 weeks, while rats in CUS group and control group were given the same volume of solvent. Behavioral assessment including weight measurement, sucrose water consumption test, and opened field test were used for evaluation before and after CUS, and before and after intervention. The concentrations of the monoamine neurotransmitters (NE, DA, 5-HT) in PFC, ST, AM and HIP were measured with Coul array HPLC. Results (1) There were more increases in weight gain, sucrose consumption, and distance of horizontal moving and number of up-right, while the number of feces was less, after intervention in control group, NAC group and FLX group than those of CUS group (P < 0.05). (2) Neurotransmitters including NE, DA and 5-HT were significantly decreased in PFC, ST, AM and HIP in CUS group compared with that of control group (P < 0.05). The monoamine neurotransmitter (NE, DA and 5-HT) were significantly increased in the brain region (PFC, ST, AM and HIP) in NAC group and FLX group than those of CUS group (P < 0.05). Conclusion NAC and fluoxetine can effectively improve the depressive behavior of the CUS rats, increase the contents of monoamine neurotransmitters including NE, DA and 5-HT in PFC, AM, ST and HIP brain regions. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of minocycline on the cognition and expression of BDNF, Bcl-2 and Bax in hippocampus of Alzheimer’ s disease model rats SUN Manli, DENG Haifeng, LI Minghua, LIU Guoliang, CHANG Quanzhong△ 2016, 44 (9):  1088-1091.  doi: 10.11958/20160028 Abstract ( 998 )   PDF (410KB) ( 3647 )   Objective To investigate the effect of minocycline on the cognition and expressions of brain- derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), apoptosis related factor Bcl-2 and Bax in hippocampus of rats with Alzheimer’ s disease (AD).Methods The rat model was established by microinjection of Aβ25-35 into lateral ventricle. Thirty healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group, model group and minocycline treatment group. Normal saline 1 mL/(kg· d) was intraperitoneally injected in control group and model group. The minocycline treatment group was intraperitoneally injected with minocycline 50 mg/(kg· d) for 14 days. Morris water maze was used to detect the behaviors of animals. The expressions of BDNF, Bcl-2 and Bax in hippocampus were measured by Western blotting and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The apoptosis of neurons was detected by TdT- mediated dUTP nick- end labeling (TUNEL). Results Minocycline greatly improved the behaviors of AD rats, up- regulated the expressions of BDNF and Bcl- 2, and downregulated the expression of Bax in hippocampus, and reduced cell apoptosis. Conclusion Minocycline plays a protective role in neural function by promoting the growth of neurons and inhibiting the neuronal apoptosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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The clinical analysis of 112 cases with ovarian borderline epithelial tumors#br# #br# YANG Wen, WANG Yingmei, LIU Guoyan, YAN Ye, MA Xuegong, XUE Fengxia△ 2016, 44 (9):  1092-1094.  doi: 10.11958/20160056 Abstract ( 1213 )   PDF (322KB) ( 3927 )   Objective To determine the clinical features and the factors affecting the recurrence of ovarian borderline epithelial tumors. Methods A retrospective data of 112 cases with ovarian borderline epithelial tumors admitted in General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from 2000 to 2015 were analyzed. Results The average age was (50.59±16.90) years in 112 patients with FIGO stage Ⅰ of 102 (91.07%) patients, stage Ⅱ of 4 (3.57%) and stage Ⅲ of 6 (5.36%). The serum tumor marker (CA125) was examined in 102 patients, and 27 cases with the elevated indicator (26.47%). Surgical treatment was performed in 112 patients. Younger patients were more likely to choose conservative surgery. Ninety-seven patients were followed up, and 5 of them relapsed. Non fertility preserving surgery was performed in patients with recurrence. The recurrence rates of patients with different clinical pathological factors were compared. The recurrence rate was higher in patients with micro infiltration than that of patients without micro infiltration [37.50% (3/8) vs. 2.25% (2/89), P=0.004]. And the recurrence rate was higher in patients with microemulsion type borderline serous tumor than that of patients with non-papillary tumors [40.00%（2/5） vs. 0（0/41）， P= 0.019]. Seven patients underwent conservative surgery had normal spontaneous pregnancy. Conclusion The fertility-sparing surgery can be used as the treatment procedures for young patients, which is safe and effective. It is necessary to be on alert of recurrence for the cases with micropapillary pattern, and microinvasive tumor. Related Articles | Metrics

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Significance and expression of STAT1 and MMP-2 in pancreatic carcinoma SUN Ning, SUN Yu, ZHANG Baoshuai, YANG Shaoshi△ 2016, 44 (9):  1095-1098.  doi: 10.11958/20160243 Abstract ( 882 )   PDF (316KB) ( 3758 )   Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of transcriptional activator (STAT) 1 and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)- 2 in pancreatic cancer (PC). Methods The expressions of STAT1 and MMP- 2 weredetected by S-P immunohistochemical methods in 115 PC patients and whose age, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, differentiation and survival time were also collected. Results STAT1 protein was high expressed in 52 cases and MMP-2 was high expressed in 56 cases, which were significantly related with different clinical stages, tumor differentiation and lymph node metastasis in patients with PC (P＜ 0.05). STAT1 expression was negatively correlated with MMP- 2 expression (rs = - 0.50, P＜ 0.01). Lymph node metastasis, high level of clinical stage, low expression of STAT1 showed reduced postoperative survival time in patients with PC. Conclusion The lower expression of STAT1 and higher expression of MMP-2 play an important role in the progression of PC. The expression of STAT1 has practical value in the evaluation of prognosis in patients with PC ． Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of inflammatory markers on the level of reactive oxygen species and mitochondria DNA copy numbers in granulosa cells of patients without PCOS ZHANG Xuanlin, LI Yi, LIU Li, ZHANG Wenjing, MENG Xiangtong, XU Fengqin 2016, 44 (9):  1099-1101.  doi: 10.11958/20160013 Abstract ( 830 )   PDF (316KB) ( 4104 )   Objective To study the effect of inflammatory markers on the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy numbers in granulosa cells of patients without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods Fifty patients without PCOS treated with in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) were selected in this study. The granulosa cells were extracted and cultured in vitro. Cells were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. The 5 nmol/L interleukin (IL)- 1, IL- 6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were given to treatment group, and same amount of inflammatory diluted solution was added to control group. The levels of ROS and copy numbers of mtDNA were compared between two groups. Results The ROS levels and mtDNA copy number of granulosa cells were significantly higher in IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α treatment groups than those of control group (P＜ 0.05). Conclusion Inflammatory markers of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α increase the level of ROS and damage mtDNA in granulosa cells. Related Articles | Metrics

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Laboratory analysis in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome after ten years of convalescence in Tianjin MA Longyan, SUN Xin△,WU Qi, LI Li, WU Junping, YU Hongzhi 2016, 44 (9):  1102-1104.  doi: 10.11958/20150390 Abstract ( 821 )   PDF (297KB) ( 3756 )   Objective To investigate the changes of blood test indexes in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) after 10 years of rehabilitation, and to evaluate the effects of SARS on blood system. Methods Twentyfive cases of SARS confirmed in our hospital (SARS group) and 25 healthy personnel (control group) were included in this study. Values of blood routine test, liver and kidney function, blood lipids, blood glucose, thyroid function, tumor marker and T cell subset index were compared between two groups. Results The serum level of calcium was higher in SARS group than that of control group (mmol/L: 2.32±0.08 vs. 2.29±0.08， t=2.072， P＜ 0.05). The level of thyroxine was also higher in SARS group than that of control group (nmol/L: 119.95 ± 29.09 vs. 96.39 ± 14.26, t=3.681， P＜ 0.05), but the results were in the normal range, there was no clinical significance. The level of neuron specific enolase (NSE) was higher in SARS group than that of control group (μg/L, 10.368±3.684 vs. 3.282±1.828, t=9.012, P＜ 0.05), in which only 2 cases were slightly higher than the normal range, but did not exceed more than 1 times of the normal value. The imaging was only part of the old change, and there was no clinical significance. There were no significant differences in other results between two groups. Conclusion Virus of SARS cause no long-term effects on blood system, liver and kidney function, thyroid function and immunity in patients with SARS, and do not increase the probability of cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

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Curative effect of suture anchor tenodesis in repair of acute closed distal Achilles tendon injuries REN Zhipeng， XIN Jingyi△， WANG Guixin， LIANG Jun 2016, 44 (9):  1105-1108.  doi: 10.11958/20160022 Abstract ( 1561 )   PDF (570KB) ( 4263 )   Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of the suture anchor in the treatment of acute closed distal achilles tendon rupture. Methods A retrospective review of clinical data in 25 patients with acute achilles tendon rupture was performed in the department of orthopedic trauma of Tianjin Hospital between October 2012 to January 2014. The operation was performed by standard approach, with the suture anchors to reconstruct the achilles tendon insertion, and the Krachow technique was used to suture the achilles tendon． All patients were followed up for 19～ 35 months. The situation of the wound healing, heel pain, and achilles tendon re-rupture were observed and analyzed. According to the passive range of motion of the bilateral ankle joint, the achilles tendon total rupture score (ATRS), the American orthopaedic foot and ankle society (AOFAS) score and functional recovery were assessed one year after operation. Results The operation was successfully completed in this group. The operation time was 25-35 min, the average time was (30.4 ±4.8) min. No major vascular and nerve injury occurred in the operation. All patients were followed up. The wound healed well. No infection and skin necrosis, no heel pain and achilles tendon re-rupture were found during follow-up. There was no significant difference in mean passive plantar flexion between injured ankles and uninjured ankles one year after operation (44.36°± 3.33° vs. 46.40°±4.53°, P＞ 0.05). But mean passive dorsiflexion was lower in injured ankles than that of uninjured ankles (16.88°± 4.10° vs. 20.12°±3.21°， P < 0.05). The mean ATRS score was 88.7±6.1 (range 79-97), and the mean AOFAS score was 92.4± 5.6 (range 76-100) at first postoperative year. According to the AOFAS scale, the results were excellent in 20 cases and good in 5 cases. Conclusion It was successful to repair the acute closed distal achilles tendon injuries with the suture anchors. Related Articles | Metrics

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The efficacy of microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm caused by vertebral basilar artery compression LIU Chenglong1, WANG Yanmin2, DIAO Yunfeng2, ZHAO Wanyong1, NIU Xuegang1, REN Jibin1, SUN Hongtao2? 2016, 44 (9):  1109-1111.  doi: 10.11958/20160357 Abstract ( 765 )   PDF (414KB) ( 3825 )    Objective To analyse the efficacy of microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm (HFS) caused by vertebral basilar artery compression. Methods A total of 141 patients with HFS treated by microvascular decompression in our hospital were collected in this study. The improvement of the symptoms after operation was compared between patients with HFS caused by vertebral basilar artery compression (28 cases) and patients with HFS caused by non-vertebral basilar artery compression (113 cases). Results There was no significant difference in the effective rate between the two groups of HFS (96.43% vs. 98.23%， P=0.49) with mean following-up 13.81 ±1.57 months. And there was no significant difference in the delayed cure rate after surgery between two groups (37.04% vs. 20.72%, χ2=1.38, P > 0.05). Conclusion Microvascular decompression is a safe and effective method for the treatment of HFS caused by compressed vertebral basilar artery. Related Articles | Metrics

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The relationship between gene polymorphism and serum expression of interleukin-10 with intracranial aneurysm SHAO Deming1, QIU Hong2, YU Xiangdong2, MA Xianghui1, LI Yunchao2, WANG Yujue2 2016, 44 (9):  1112-1114.  doi: 10.11958/20160003 Abstract ( 887 )   PDF (631KB) ( 4300 )   Objective To analyze the associations of the interleukin- 10 (IL- 10) promoter- 1082G/A and - 819C/T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and serum level of IL- 10 with intracranial aneurysm (IAs). Methods The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA direct sequencing methods were used to detect IL-10 gene promoter district two SNP site, － 1082G/A and -819C/T genotype frequency and allele frequency in 206 patients with IAs and 187 controls. Chisquare test was used to analyze differences between two groups. The serum level of IL- 10 was analyzed by ELISA, and ttest was used to analyze significant differences between two groups. Results There were significant differences in genotypes of GG and GA+AA, as well as the alleles G and A, in -1082G/A locus between IAs group and control group (P＜ 0.01). There were higher frequencies of genotype GA+AA and the allele A in IAs group than those in control group (P＜ 0.01). There was higher risk of suffering IAs in patients with genotype GA+AA (OR=4.137, 95%CI: 2.476-6.914) and the allele A (OR=3.368, 95%CI: 2.476-4.583). There were higher frequencies of the genotype CT+TT and the allele T in -819C/ T locus in IAs group than those of control group (P＜ 0.01). There was higher risk of suffering IAs in patients with genotype CT＋ TT (OR=3.393, 95%CI: 1.952 -5.900) and the allele T (OR=3.764, 95%CI: 2.730-5.192). The serum level of IL-10 was significantly lower in IAs group than that of control group (P＜ 0.01). Conclusion The IL-10 promoter SNP influences the expression of IL-10. IL-10 promoter -1082G/A and -819C/T polymorphisms are correlated with the formation of IAs. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study of the clinical effects of jailed-balloon protection technique for the treatment of bifurcation lesions of percutaneous coronary intervention LIU Hailiang, ZHANG Ruibo, HOU Yuanbo, ZHANG Chaohong△, CHEN Aixia 2016, 44 (9):  1115-1119.  doi: 10.11958/20160088 Abstract ( 858 )   PDF (341KB) ( 3788 )   Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of treating bifurcation lessions with jailed-balloon technique in simple strategy. Methods Ninety patients with bifurcation lessions (Duke D or F type) who received the side branch protection technique with simple strategy were involved in a single center retrospective analysis. Patients were randomly divided into jailedballoon protection group (n=48) and jailed guidewire group (n=42). The process operating, procedural success of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), complications and the results of followup were investigated. Results The clinical baseline date and the bifurcation lesions were not significant different between jailedballoon group and jailed guidewire group (P > 0.05). The procedural success rate of PCI was 100% in jailed-balloon group and 97.6% in jailed guidewire group, no significance difference user between two groups (P > 0.05). The perioperative complications (the rate of no reflow) was lower in jailed-balloon group than those of jailed guidewire group (1.0% vs. 19.0%, P < 0.05). The procedural success rate of PTCA were lower in jailed-balloon group than that of jailed guidewire group (4.2% vs. 23.8%, P < 0.01). The total operation time [(56.40±11.71) s vs. (72.60±10.62) s]， exposing time [(9.86±1.82) s vs.(12.24±2.32)s] or amount of used contrast agent [(90.54±15.26) mL vs. (118.16±18.64) mL] were significantly lower in jailed-balloon group compared with those of jailed guidewire group (P＜ 0.05). At the 12-month follow-up, the MACE was lower in the jailed-balloon group than that of jailed guidewire group (16.7% vs. 38.1%, P < 0.05). The restenotic rate (2.1% vs. 4.8%, P > 0.05) and the maximum restenotic level (19.24% vs. 21.46%， P > 0.05) in the main branch were not significant different between jailed-balloon group and jailed guidewire group. But the maximum restenotic level in the opening of side branch was lower in jailed-balloon group than that of jailed guidewire group (51.2% vs. 72.46%, P < 0.01). Conclusion The jailed-balloon technique reduces the operation complications, exposure time and amount of contrast agent, and also saves surgical consumables. The procedure of branch with simple strategy is safe and effective in treatment of bifurcation lesions. Related Articles | Metrics

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The expression of Vav1 and its correlation with prognosis in patients with gastric cancer ZHAO Zhihua, CHEN Kexin△ 2016, 44 (9):  1120-1123.  doi: 10.11958/20160202 Abstract ( 834 )   PDF (836KB) ( 3802 )   Objective To investigate the expression of Vav1 in gastric cancer(GC), and analyze its potential relevance to clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic significance in GC patients. Methods The mRNA expression level of Vav1 was detected by real-time quantitative PCR in GC cell lines (HGC- 27， SGC7901 and MGC803) and normal gastric mucosa cell line (GES-1). In addition, the protein expression of Vav1 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in formalinfixed samples from 105 GC patients. The associations between clinical pathological features and Vav1 protein expression were evaluated in GC patients. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis were used to analyze the related factors influencing the prognosis of GC. Results The mRNA expression levels of Vav1 were significantly higher in GC cell lines (HGC-27, SGC7901, MGC803) than those in normal gastric mucosa cell line (GES-1, P＜ 0.05). The positive expression of Vav1 in GC tissues was correlated with diameter of tumor and lymph node metastasis (P＜ 0.05). The univariate analysis showed that size of tumor, degree of differentiation, serosal invasion, lymph node metastasis and Vav1 expression were significantly related with prognosis of GC (P＜ 0.05). Results of Cox regression showed that tumor invasion depth (HR=2.764, 95% CI 1.316- 5.817, P=0.007), lymph node metastasis (HR=1.298, 95% CI 1.098- 1.534, P=0.002) and Vav1 expression (HR=2.577, 95% CI 1.066- 3.946, P=0.006) were the risk factors affecting prognosis of patients with gastric cancer.Conclusion Vav1 performs important role in the aggressiveness of GC, and Vav1 may serve as a novel prognostic factor in GC. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of different degrees of intermittent hypoxia on NF-κB, IL-10 and visfatin in 3T3-L1 adipocytes HAN Miaomiao1, ZHOU Qin2, FENG Jing3, NIU Wenyan4, HE Qing2△ 2016, 44 (9):  1124-1127.  doi: 10.11958/20160041 Abstract ( 1240 )   PDF (442KB) ( 3874 )   Objective To determine levels of nuclear factor (NF)-κB, interleukin (IL)-10, and visfatin in adipocytes treated by different degrees of intermittent hypoxia (IH), and to investigate the mechanism of IH leading to insulin resistance (IR). Methods The cell model of intermittent hypoxia/re-oxygenation (IH/ROX) in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was established. Differentiation mature 3T3- L1 adipocytes, were randomly divided into 10 groups including four differentfrequency intermittent hypoxia groups（IH1-4, fixed intermittent hypoxia scheme for 1.5% O2 45 s and then re-oxygen 21% O2 for 2 min 15 s, 4 min 15 s, 5 min 45 s and 8 min 45 s, 60 times circulation), and their normal oxygen control groups (SC 1-4, instead each IH group 1.5% O2 to 21% O2, the rest groups were treated as same as IH group), continuous hypoxia group (CH, 10% O2 for 6 h) and normal oxygen control group (CC, 21%O2 for 6 h). ELISA method was used to determine the levels of IL- 10 and visfatin in the supematant of adipocytes. Western blot method was used to determine the protein levels of NF-κB p65 and visfatin. Real-time PCR method was used to determine the mRNA levels of IL-10 and visfatin. Results The protein and mRNA expressions of IL-10 were significantly lower in IH group and CH group than those of control groups (P＜ 0.01). The levels of NF-κB p65 protein were significantly increased in IH group and CH group than those of control group. The protein and mRNA expressions of visfatin were significantly higher in IH1, IH2 and CH groups than those of control group (P＜ 0.01). Conclusion As a prominent feature of OSA pathophysiology, IH may take part in insulin resistance of OSA patients by abnormally secreting NF-κB, IL-10 and visfatin in adipocytes. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of clinical features and prognosis of 27 patients with mantle cell lymphoma ZHANG Man, ZHAO Kuo, YANG Fang, ZHANG Huilai△, QIU Lihua, ZHOU Shiyong, QIAN Zhengzi, LI Lanfang 2016, 44 (9):  1128-1131.  doi: 10.11958/20160076 Abstract ( 1123 )   PDF (292KB) ( 3827 )   Objective To study the clinical features, effects of therapeutic regimen and prognosis of patents with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Methods Clinical data of 27 MCL patients admitted in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital from January 2008 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Cox regression analysis was used to analyze influencing factors of prognosis of MCL. Results The median age was 68 years old for 27 patients, and the male-tofemale ratio was 4.4∶ 1. Ann Arbor staging showed that 25 cases were stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ(92.6%), 8 cases were heptosplenomegaly (29.6%), 7 cases showed extranodal involvement (25.9%). ECOG scoring showed that 4 cases with scores of 2-4 (14.8%), 8 cases were 0-3 (29.6%), 14 cases were 4-5 (51.9%) and 5 cases were 6-11 (18.5%). The Ki-67 index ≤30% was found in 9 cases (33.3%), and＞ 30% was found in 18 cases (67.7%). Patients with B symptom was found in 10 (37.0%). The elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was found in 17 cases (63.0%). The increased Beta 2- microglobulin was found in 8 cases (29.6%). Seven patients were found with bone marrow involvement. The total effective rate (ORR) was 81.8% in group with R-CHOP method, and the ORR was 68.8% in group with CHOP method. Multivariate analysis showed that age, LDH and Ki- 67 were independent factors influencing the prognosis of MCL (P＜ 0.05). Conclusion Most patients with MCL are found in advanced stage. Patients with age＞ 60 years, elevated LDH and Ki-67 index＞ 30% are with poor prognosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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The diagnosis value of the whole blood interferon-γ release assay in tuberculosis KONG Haifang1, YUE Na1, LIU Gang2, LI Yanchun1, TIAN Bin1, HU Zhidong1△ 2016, 44 (9):  1132-1135.  doi: 10.11958/20160397 Abstract ( 1394 )   PDF (362KB) ( 4049 )   Objective To evaluate the clinical application of the whole blood interferon γ (IFN-γ) release assay of QuantiFERON TB Gold in tube (QFT-GIT) in diagnosis of tuberculosis. Methods From October 2014 to October 2015, 109 patients with tuberculosis (45 cases of confirmed patients and 64 cases of clinically diagnosed patients) and 70 patients with non-tuberculosis were enrolled in Tianjin Medical University General Hospital. In order to evaluate diagnosis value between two kinds of tests, and to compare the differences between two groups, QFT- GIT test and colloidal gold anti tuberculosis antibody (TB-Ab) were employed to detect in two groups of patients. The ROC curve of IFN-γ release quantity was analyzed in two groups. Results The sensitivity and specificity of QFT-GIT were 93.58% and 85.71% respectively. The positive rate was significantly higher in QFT-GIT than that of TB-Ab (χ2=43.68， P＜ 0.01). The sensitivity of combined detection of the two methods decreased to 52.3% (57/109), but the specificity increased to 90.0% (63/70). The release quantity of IFN-γ was significantly higher in tuberculosis group than that in the non-tuberculosis group (U=330， P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve of IFN-γ release quantity was 0.913 (95%CI: 0.864-0.963). Conclusion The whole blood IFN-γ release assay of QFT-GIT is a sensitive and specific assay for detecting tuberculosis infection. The combination QFTGIT with TB-Ab can improve the specificity further, which could be a useful tool for the diagnosis of tuberculosis ． Related Articles | Metrics

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The study on the value of stagnation rate at 15 min of indocyanine green for assessment of hepatic reserve function TIAN Ruimin, LIU Guowang, WEI Wei, TANG Kecheng△ 2016, 44 (9):  1136-1138.  doi: 10.11958/20150429 Abstract ( 1618 )   PDF (286KB) ( 4329 )   Objective To observe the clinical value of indocyanine green retention rate at 15 minutes (ICGR15) in the evaluation of hepatic functional reserve. Methods A total of 185 patients with liver disease, including 45 cases of liver failure, 90 cases of cirrhosis (child A, B and C, respectively), 20 cases of acute hepatitis, 30 cases of chronic hepatitis (mild, moderate). Expression levels of ICGR15 were compared between groups. Values of ICGR15, total bilirubin (TBIL), albumin (ALB), blood coagulation time (PT) were compared before treatment and one month after treatment in hepatic failure group. Levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspertate aminotransferase (AST), TBIL and ICGR15 were compared before treatment and 1 month after treatment in acute hepatitis group. Results Levels of ICGR15 (%) were 56.3±14.7, 28.9±9.6, 22.4±6.8 and 13.7±2.3 in liver failure group, liver cirrhosis group, acute hepatitis group and chronic hepatitis group, which showed a gradual downward trend (F=125.317, P < 0.05). Among them, the levels of ICGR15 (%) were 17.3±5.4, 25.7±7.5 and 34.5±7.3 in Child A, B and C groups of liver cirrhosis group, which showed a gradual upward trend (P < 0.05). After one month treatment, levels of TBIL, PT and ICGR15 were significantly lower than T helper 17 cells; intima-media thickness before the treatment in liver failure group. The levels of ALT, AST, TBIL and ICGR15 were significantly lower after treatment than those before treatment in acute hepatitis group (P < 0.05). Conclusion ICGR15 can reflect hepatic reserved function, which is not affected by the application of albumin and fresh plasma, and makes up the deficiency of PT and ALB detection. Related Articles | Metrics

Drug Clinical Evaluations

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Effects of bisoprolol combined with rosuvastatin on endothelial function and inflammation in patients with coronary slow flow#br# #br# HUANG Min, XIA Zhonghua△, XIE Fusheng, ZHOU Tiantian 2016, 44 (9):  1139-1142.  doi: 10.11958/20150413 Abstract ( 1411 )   PDF (458KB) ( 3738 )   Objective To investigate the effects of bisoprolol combined with rosuvastatin on endothelial function and inflammation in patients with coronary slow flow (CSF). Methods Ninety CSF patients treated from August 2014 to October 2015 were randomly divided into control group, statin group and combined group, thirty cases in each group. The control group was given conventional therapy (aspirin 100 mg/d and isosorbide mononitrate 60 mg/d), statin group was given rosuvastatin 10 mg/d on the basic of control group, while the combined group was given bisoprolol 5 mg/d on the basic therapy of statin group. The serum concentrations of nitric oxide (NO), endothelin- 1(ET- 1), high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected before treatment and 8 weeks after treatment. The improvement of patients with angina pectoris was evaluated. Results After eight- week treatment, the NO levels were significantly increased in combined group and statin group, while the ET-1, hs-CRP and IL-6 levels were significantly decreased than those before the treatment (P＜ 0.05). At the same time, comparing with the statin group and control group, the NO level was increased in combined group (P＜ 0.05), while the ET-1, hs-CRP, and IL-6 levels decreased significantly (P＜ 0.05). There were significant differences in the effective rates between the combined group (90.0%) and the statin group (83.3%), which were higher than those in control group (56.7% ). Conclusion Bisoprolol combined with rosuvastatin can improve the endothelial function and anti-inflammatory in the treatment of CSF. Related Articles | Metrics

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The impact of berberine on insulin resistance and cytokines in patients with schizophrenia LI Jiangong1.2, ZHAO Yongping2, LIU Ying2, QIU Yuying2, LI Meijuan1.2, JIA Qiong1, ZHANG Jing1, LI Jie2△ 2016, 44 (9):  1143-1146.  doi: 10.11958/20160027 Abstract ( 1219 )   PDF (325KB) ( 4323 )   Objective To explore the impact of berberine on serum levels of insulin resistance and cytokines in schizophrenia patients treated with risperidone. Methods Sixty-four schizophrenia patients treated with risperidone were randomized to berberine group (n=31) and control group (n=33). The fasting plasma blood glucose (FBG) and fasting insulin (Fins) were detected before and after treatment in two groups. The homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. The serum levels of interleukin (IL)- 1β, IL- 6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α) were evaluated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay before and after the treatment. Results Compared with control group and pre-treatment group, the levels of FBG, Fins, HOMA-IR, IL- 1β, IL- 6 and TNF- α were significantly decreased after treatment in berberine group (P < 0.05). The FBG level was significantly higher, the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly lower, after treatment in control group (P < 0.01). There were no significant changes in Fins and HOMA-IR after treatment (P > 0.05). There was positive correlation between HOMA-IR and IL- 1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in berberine group (r=0.316, 0.351 and 0.401, P < 0.01). Conclusion Berberine can significantly decrease FBG, Fins, HOMA-IR, IL1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels in schizophrenia patients treated with risperidone. The HOMA-IR level is closely correlated with IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on clinical curative effect of compound polymyxin B ointment combined with basic fibroblast growth factor to treat the wound surface of deep Ⅱ degree burn of children YANG Xiaojin1, FANG Tao2, GAO Xiuqing 2016, 44 (9):  1147-1149.  doi: 10.11958/20160717 Abstract ( 1076 )   PDF (360KB) ( 3819 )   Objective To observe the clinical curative effect of compound polymyxin B ointment combined with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on wound surface of deep second-degree burn in children, and provide reference for the clinical treatment. Methods Eighty cases of children patients with deep second-degree burn were included in this study, who were admitted in Tianjin 4th Center Hospital from March 2015 to March 2016. The cases were divided into control group and combined treatment group, 40 cases for each group. Wherein, the control group was treated with bFGF, the combined treatment group was received compound polymyxin B ointment and bFGF. The occurrence rate of infection of burn wound surface, wound healing time and occurrence rate of scar after healing were compared between two groups. Results There were lower infection rates on day 7, 10, 15 and 20 after burn in combined treatment group than those in control group (P< 0.05). The healing time was significantly shorter in combined treatment group than that in control group [(21.53±1.33) d vs. (25.76±1.50) d, t=13.345, P < 0.01]. The scar occurrence was significantly lessin combined group than that of control group (U=5.077， P < 0.05). Conclusion The compound polymyxin B ointment combined with bFGF show a certain effect of antiinfection, acceleration of wound surface healing and preventing the scar from generating for wound surface on deep seconddegree burn in children, which having a significant clinical curative effect. Related Articles | Metrics

Diagnostic Techniques

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Comparative study of dual-source CT coronary angiography and conventional coronary angiography in the diagnosis of coronary stenosis CHEN Xiaolin1, HU Yuecheng2, LI Yanni3, CONG Hongliang2△ 2016, 44 (9):  1150-1154.  doi: 10.11958/20150323 Abstract ( 1339 )   PDF (345KB) ( 3577 )   Objective To determine the diagnostic accuracy of dual- source computed tomography coronary angiography (DSCT-CA) for detecting various degrees of coronary artery stenosis. Methods A total of 278 patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD) were selected for DSCT-CA examination. The coronary angiography (CAG) examination was carried out within 30 days in these patients. The result of CAG was used as the gold standard. The coronary artery stenosis of 50% and 75% was used as the sector. Based on the data of patients, DSCT- CA was calculated for quantitative assessment of the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of coronary stenosis for the coronary blood vessels and coronary artery segments. Kappa consistence test was used to analyze the results of two methods. Results The 50% and 75% of coronary artery stenosis was used for the sector, based on the patients, the sensitivities of DSCT- CA were 99.6% and 99.1% , specificities were 84.2% , 89.6% , diagnostic accuracies were 98.6% and 97.5%, and the Kappa values were 0.88 and 0.91. Based on coronary vessels, the sensitivities were 92.0% and 96.9%, specificities were 89.9% and 94.8%, diagnostic accuracies were 91.0% and 95.8%, and the Kappa values were 0.88 and 0.92. Based on coronary artery segments, the sensitivities were 97.3%, 96.5%, specificities were 93.3%, 98.1%, diagnostic accuracies were 94.2% and 97.9%, and the Kappa values were 0.84 and 0.91. Conclusion Based on patient’ s coronary artery analysis, DSCT-CA can accurately assess the different degrees of coronary stenosis, but based on the analysis of the coronary artery segment, the false- positive results may occur in the diagnosis of DACT- CA, which suggests that DSCT-CA can partly replace the CAG, still cannot completely replace the CAG. Related Articles | Metrics

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The application of gene chip in detecting the mutation of drug resistant gene in multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains GAO Huixia， FENG Aidong， LIU Xiaojin， DAI Erhei 2016, 44 (9):  1155-1159.  doi: 10.11958/20150264 Abstract ( 960 )   PDF (365KB) ( 3963 )   Objective To understand the mutation characteristics of drug resistance-associated genes rpoB, katG and inhA in Mycobacterium tuberculosis （MTB） strains using gene chip method, and evaluate its clinical application value. Methods A total of 76 MTB strains were collected from Shijiazhuang area in 2013 to 2014. Gene chip was used to detect the mutations of rpoB, katG and inhA, and the L-J proportion drug susceptibility test was used as the gold standard to evaluate the overall concordance, sensitivity and specificity of gene chip. The consistency of microarray and phenotypic resistance was evaluated by Kappa test. Results Of all the 76 strains detected, 69 harbored mutations in katG/inhA. The predominant mutation site of katG was 315 codon with the mutation rate of 89.9%（62/69）, and 5.8%（4/69） carried mutations at inhA-15（C→T）, and 4.3%（3/69） carried combined mutations of katG 315 and inhA-15. The rpoB mutations were detected in 73 strains, of which 64.4%（47/73） carried mutations at codon 531, 15.1%（11/73） at codon 526, 12.3% （9/73） at 516 codon, 1.4%（1/73） at 513 codon, 1.4%（1/73） at 533 codon and 5.5%（4/73） had combined mutations. Compared with results from the L-J proportion method, the sensitivity, specificity and concordance rates of gene chip for RFP were 96.1%（73/76）, 100%（50/50） and 97.6%（123/126）. The sensitivity, specificity and concordance rates of gene chip for INH were 90.8%（69/76）, 100%（50/50） and 94.4%（119/126）. The sensitivity, specificity and concordance rates of gene chip for MDR-TB were 86.8%（66/76）, 100%（50/50） and 92.1%（116/126）. Conclusion The predominant mutation loci of MDR strains in Shijiazhuang area are katG315 and rpoB531. Gene chip is a fast and useful tool for clinical diagnosis of MDR strains. Related Articles | Metrics

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The value of medical thoracoscopic pleural brushing in the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion ZHANG Yongxiang, ZHANG Li△, LI Yuechuan, JIA Wei, ZHANG Dongrui, MA Hui, GU Songtao 2016, 44 (9):  1160-1163.  doi: 10.11958/20160711 Abstract ( 907 )   PDF (899KB) ( 3778 )   Objective To evaluate the positive rate, reliability and safety of thoracoscope pleural brushing for diagnosing malignant pleural effusion. Methods Seventy patients with unexplained pleural effusion were performed with medical thoracoscopy: (1) Observe the visceral and parietal pleura then use disposable cell brush to obtain specimens from suspect areas and take cytological examination. (2) Observe the parietal pleura then use biopsy forceps to forceps specimens from suspect areas and take histological examination. (3) Compare the positive rate of diagnosis, coincidence rate of pathological type and complication between two methods individual and combination in diagnosis. Results In 51 patients diagnosed as malignant pleural effusion, the diagnosis-positive rate of biopsy was 88.24% (45/51) and the diagnosis-positive rate of pleural brushing cytology was 90.20% (46/51). The diagnosis-positive rate of pleural brushing combined with biopsy was 96.08% (49/51), but there was no significant difference in diagnosis-positive rate between two methods individual and combination for malignant pleural effusion (P＞ 0.05). In 51 patients, pathological type determination rate was 76.47% (39/51) evaluated by pleural brushing, 88.24% (45/51) by biopsy, and there was no significant difference in pathological type determination rate between two methods (P＞ 0.05). Biopsy was performed for 168 times, more bleeding was found in 5 cases (2.98%), feeling pain in 134 cases (79.76%). Pleural brushing examination was performed for 198 times, no significant bleeding and pain were found. Conclusion Medical thoracoscopic pleural brushing under direct vision is a safe and reliable method, which can be use as an effective diagnostic method for malignant pleural effusion. Related Articles | Metrics

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Saffold virus detection and epidemiological characteristics in children with acute respiratory infection or digestive tract infection in Tianjin WANG Wei1, HUANG Jingfu1, LIN Shuxiang1, SI Ping1, LI Shengying1, ZHU Yimin2, YANG Hongjiang3 2016, 44 (9):  1164-1168.  doi: 10.11958/20150392 Abstract ( 1088 )   PDF (364KB) ( 3498 )   Objective To investigate prevalence and epidemiologic features of Saffold virus (SAFV) in hospitalized children with acute respiratory infection or digestive tract infection Tianjin area. Methods Nasopharyngeal aspirates from children with acute respiratory infection and fecal samples from children with digestive tract infection in Tianjin Children’ s Hospital were collected from January 2013 to December 2013. Viral nucleic acid was extracted, and SAFV infection was determined by using real-time quantitative PCR. Positive PCR products were sequenced. The sequencing results were aligned with known gene sequences of SAFV sequences in GenBank. The positive viral infection rate of nasopharyngeal aspirates and fecal samples, viral positive constituent ratio and positive detection rate in different age groups, seasonal distribution of SAFV infection were calculated. Other common respiratory tract or digestive tract viruses were also detected. Results Fourty-three (11.9 %) nasopharyngeal aspirates from children with acute respiratory infection tested positive for SAFV. There was no significant difference between male and female infected children (aged between 6 d and 12 years old). The 79 % (34/43) of the patients with SAFV infection aged under 1 year old. The infection most occurred in summer and winter. The 63 (16.4 %) fecal samples from children with digestive tract infection tested positive for SAFV. There was significant difference between male and female infected children (aged between 5 h and 11 years old). SAFV infection was found to be year round. There was no significant difference in different age groups of nasopharyngeal aspirates and fecal samples. The mixed infection rate with SAFV and other respiratory tract or digestive tract viruses were 7.0 %（3/43）and 12.7 %（8/63）, respectively. Conclusion Infection of SAFV had occurred in children with acute respiratory infection or digestive tract infection in Tianjin. SAFV has high detection rate in these children and is more common in children aged under 1 year old. The data suggest that some of acute respiratory infection or digestive tract infections in pediatric patients are related to SAFV. The Clinical doctors should pay attention to them ． Related Articles | Metrics

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Epidemiological investigation of dental fluorosis and dental caries in children from binhai new area SUN Lianlian, LI Changchun△ 2016, 44 (9):  1169-1171.  doi: 10.11958/20150326 Abstract ( 785 )   PDF (275KB) ( 3719 )   Objective To investigate the incidence of dental fluorosis and pit caries in school-age children from binhai new area of Tianjin, and to discuss the relationship between dental fluorosis and pit caries, providing the guidance for the prevention and treatment of them. Methods Referring to WHO’ s“Oral Health Surveys Basic Methods” (Fourth Edition) and protocols of the third national oral epidemiology investigation, 3 778 children aged 7 to 9 year-old with similar levels of education were investigated for their dental fluorosis and fissure caries using the cross sectional survey method. Results The data showed that the incidence of dental fluorosis was less than 10% in the samples, and the community fluorosis index (CFI) was 0.075. The caries prevalence rate and mean decayed missing filled tooth (DMFT) of first permanent molars were 15.57% and 0.46 in male students, and those were 17.41% and 0.58 in female students. There were no significant differences in the caries prevalence rate and DMFT of first molar between male and female children (χ2 =2.345, P > 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the caries rate and DMFT between different age groups (χ2=172.576, P < 0.05), and both increased with age. Conclusion After years of defluoridation project in Tianjin, the detection rate and index of dental fluorosis in children have showed a downward trend. The caries prevalence rate may be related to the eruption rate of the first permanent molar. Related Articles | Metrics

Review

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Imaging findings of Budd-Chiari syndrome CHEN Qihong, XU Hao△, WU Lei 2016, 44 (9):  1172-1176.  doi: 10.11958/20160153 Abstract ( 780 )   PDF (589KB) ( 4039 )   Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a rare disease. Because of lack of clear characteristic symptoms in the early stage, many patients are misdiagnosed or never diagnosed. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment play a key role in improving survival rates and quality of life for BCS patients. With the progress in imaging techniques, the radiological examination is playing more and more important role in the diagnosis and assessment of BCS. Ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and digital subtraction angiography are all helpful in evaluating the obstruction of hepatic vein and inferior vena cava. Thus, these imaging tests should be used rationally according to their features. On the other hand, the interventional therapy is the preferred method for the treatment of BCS. This paper intends to get a deeper understanding of BCS for clinicians, which is essential for patients to be diagnosed in time. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the anti-tumor differentiation effects of zoledronic acid in breast cancer GU Zhenkun, REN Yuanyuan, DU Xiaolang, WANG Chen△ 2016, 44 (9):  1177-1180.  doi: 10.11958/20160213 Abstract ( 920 )   PDF (329KB) ( 3835 )   Breast cancer is the highest incidence and mortality of malignant tumor in women. Recurrence and distant metastasis are the main cause of death. Zoledronic acid (ZOL) has the potential to inhibit bone resorption characteristics mediated by osteoclast, which not only could suppress tumor cell proliferation and start the apoptosis of tumor cells, but also might interfere the adhesion of cancer cells to bone matrices, thereby could inhibit the migration and invasion of tumor cells. In some preclinical studies zoledronic acid has been demonstrated to have the direct anti-tumor effects on breast cancer. There are different therapeutic effects in treatment with zoledronic acid between the premenopausal and post-menopausal patients with breast cancer. This review summarized basic and clinical research progress of the anti-tumor differentiation effect of zoledronic acid in breast cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

Review

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Current update on combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma LIU Dongming, CHEN Lu, TIAN Yao, ZHANG Xihao, LI Qiang△ 2016, 44 (9):  1181-1184.  doi: 10.11958/20160019 Abstract ( 1130 )   PDF (303KB) ( 4065 )   Combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma (HCC-CC) is a rare primary hepatic neoplasm (PHN) with features of both hepatocellular and biliary differentiation. Hepatitis B and hepatitis C are the major causes of HCC-CC. Surgical treatment is the main therapeutic method for HCC-CC. For patients with unresectable lesions, curative or palliative locoregional therapy is applied, including radiofrequency ablation (RFA), transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and supportive treatment. Because of the rare occurrence and ambiguous clinical features of HCC- CC, it is most often misdiagnosed with the other two types of primary liver cancer. Thus, the realization of the current progress of combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma is particularly important for us. This article aims to summarize the epidemiology and clinical futures, the treatment and prognosis, the progress of genetics and molecular analysis of HCC-CC. Related Articles | Metrics