女性生殖健康调控机制与研究进展

doi:10.11958/20253770

天津医药 ›› 2026, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (2): 113-116.doi: 10.11958/20253770

• 专题研究·生殖系统疾病 • 下一篇

女性生殖健康调控机制与研究进展

于洋(), 谷梦青

北京大学第三医院生殖医学中心（邮编100191）

收稿日期:2025-12-03 修回日期:2026-01-07 出版日期:2026-02-15 发布日期:2026-02-12
通讯作者: 于洋 E-mail:yuyang5012@hotmail.com
作者简介:于洋（1979.3），北京大学博雅特聘教授，北京大学第三医院临床干细胞研究中心主任，北京大学干细胞与再生医学中心副主任，生殖内分泌与辅助生殖技术北京市重点实验室副主任，女性生育力促进全国重点实验室课题组长，主持国家自然科学基金杰出青年科学基金项目。长期从事生殖及生殖相关障碍性疾病机制解析与治疗新策略的基础与应用基础研究工作。研究成果包括：绘制“下丘脑-卵巢”轴的基因表达谱，揭示线粒体功能障碍影响卵母细胞质量导致囊胚率降低的分子机制，研发线粒体靶向基因编辑技术和低频突变检测技术，搭建生长因子联用的囊胚培养系统，提高低质量卵母细胞的囊胚形成率；明确人类囊胚内细胞团与滋养层的甲基化修饰特征，揭示关键分子在囊胚谱系发育中的调控作用，构建具有生物学功能的类囊胚结构，明确具有高植入潜能的囊胚甲基化阈值区间，开发可利用微量细胞筛选优质囊胚的新方法。主持国家重点研发计划项目、国家自然科学基金重大项目等国家及省部级科研项目16项，在Cell、Cell Stem Cell、Nat Aging等期刊上发表论文百余篇，获得包括国际《专利合作条约》在内的授权专利10项、科技成果转化2项，还获得国家科技进步二等奖、北京市科学技术奖一等奖、中华医学科技奖一等奖等奖项，并当选北京市优秀青年人才和北京市科技新星。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFC2706600);国家自然科学基金资助项目(82225019);国家自然科学基金资助项目(82192873)

Multidimensional regulatory mechanism and advances in female reproductive health

YU Yang(), GU Mengqing

Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China

Received:2025-12-03 Revised:2026-01-07 Published:2026-02-15 Online:2026-02-12
Contact: YU Yang E-mail:yuyang5012@hotmail.com

于洋, 谷梦青. 女性生殖健康调控机制与研究进展[J]. 天津医药, 2026, 54(2): 113-116.

YU Yang, GU Mengqing. Multidimensional regulatory mechanism and advances in female reproductive health[J]. Tianjin Medical Journal, 2026, 54(2): 113-116.

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

女性生殖健康依赖卵巢功能、胚胎发育及母胎界面微环境的精密协调。该文阐述了卵巢衰老的分子机制与改善策略、早期胚胎发育中糖脂代谢调控机制以及免疫微环境在胚胎植入中的调控机制。主要从卵巢衰老中端粒缩短、氧化应激及线粒体功能异常等机制，采用雷帕霉素、外源烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸补充以及天然药物小分子干预策略，早期胚胎发育中糖脂代谢物，如乙酰辅酶A等通过调控基因表达或作为组蛋白乙酰化底物参与调控早期胚胎发育，胚胎植入中自然杀伤细胞与T细胞对子宫内膜容受性的调控等方面予以深入分析，以利于临床医生更好地理解这些调控机制的交互作用，在开发靶向药物治疗女性生殖系统疾病策略、维护女性生殖健康上起到积极作用。

关键词: 卵巢, 衰老, 子宫内膜, 胚胎发育, 代谢, 免疫调节

Abstract:

Female reproductive health depends on the tightly coordinated regulation of ovarian function, embryonic development and the microenvironment at maternal-fetal interface. This review summarizes the molecular mechanism and improvement strategies of ovarian aging, the regulatory mechanism of glucose and lipid metabolism during early embryonic development, and the regulatory mechanism of the immune microenvironment during embryo implantation. Key aspects include: the mechanism of ovarian aging such as telomere shortening, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction, along with the potential intervention strategies like rapamycin, exogenous nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide supplementation and small molecule natural medicine. During the early embryonic development, glucose and lipid metabolites such as acetyl CoA participate in regulating gene expression or serve as substrates for histone acetylation to regulate early embryonic development, and the regulation of endometrial receptivity by natural killer cells and T cells during embryo implantation. A deep understanding of the interaction among these regulatory mechanisms is of great significance for developing targeted therapy strategies and maintaining female reproductive health.

Key words: ovary, aging, endometrium, embryonic development, metabolism, immunomodulation

中图分类号:

R715

参考文献 34

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女性生殖健康调控机制与研究进展

Multidimensional regulatory mechanism and advances in female reproductive health

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