Abstract: The first and second branchial arch syndrome，also known as the hemifacial microsomia (HFM) is a congenital craniofacial deformity. Its etiology and pathogenesis are still unclear. It can rely on the detailed physical examination and imaging examination to diagnose. Surgical and non-surgical treatment can improve facial structure and function, and promote the development of psychosomatic health.

Key words: congenital abnormalities, branchioma, karyotyping, chromosomes, case reports, infant, newborn