Influence of seasonal meteorological factors on blood pressure fluctuation in elderly patients with essential hypertension

doi:10.11958/20220213

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the influence of temperature changes in different seasons on blood pressure fluctuation in very old patients with essential hypertension. Methods Elderly inpatients with essential hypertension were included in this study. The general data of 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure, plasma homocysteine (Hcy) level and meteorological data of the day obtained by wearing ambulatory sphygmomanometer were collected. Blood pressure values and fluctuations of blood pressure in different sexes and different seasons were compared. Effects of temperature and Hcy on blood pressure in essential hypertensive patients were discussed. Results The 24 h mean systolic blood pressure (24 hSBP), the 24 h standard deviation of systolic blood pressure (24 hSSD) and the 24 h pulse pressure index (24 hPPI) were higher in males than those of females, and the proportion of stroke history was higher in males than that in females. The results of seasonal grouping showed that 24 hSBP was the highest in winter, followed by spring and autumn, and the lowest in summer. The 24 hSSD and 24 hPPI were higher in winter than those in other seasons. In the hypothermia group, 24 hSSD was higher in the type H hypertension group, and it was positively correlated with Hcy. The daily average temperature in spring, summer and autumn was negatively correlated with 24 hSBP. The 24 hSBP decreased by 0.641 mmHg when the daily mean temperature increased by 1 ℃. Conclusion The blood pressure of very old patients with essential hypertension fluctuates seasonally. Patients with H hypertension are more sensitive to cold.

Key words: hypertension, temperature, homocysteine, aged, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring

CLC Number:

R544.1

Figures/Tables 4

References 20

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性别	n	年龄（岁）	脑卒中史		Hcy（μmol/L）		24 hSBP（mmHg）
男	246	86.9±4.57	88（35.8）		15.59±7.16		139.36±14.05
女	192	86.3±3.72	42（21.9）		15.09±6.79		133.86±14.18
t或χ²		0.138	9.979^＊		0.621		3.214^＊＊
性别	24 hDBP（mmHg）			24 hSSD（%）		24 hDSD（%）		24 hPPI
男	67.44±8.78			14.11±4.21		8.52±1.98		0.52±0.06
女	66.97±8.14			13.41±3.08		8.31±2.12		0.49±0.06
t或χ²	0.983			1.916^＊		0.989		4.397^＊＊

性别	n	年龄（岁）	脑卒中史		Hcy（μmol/L）		24 hSBP（mmHg）
男	246	86.9±4.57	88（35.8）		15.59±7.16		139.36±14.05
女	192	86.3±3.72	42（21.9）		15.09±6.79		133.86±14.18
t或χ²		0.138	9.979^＊		0.621		3.214^＊＊
性别	24 hDBP（mmHg）			24 hSSD（%）		24 hDSD（%）		24 hPPI
男	67.44±8.78			14.11±4.21		8.52±1.98		0.52±0.06
女	66.97±8.14			13.41±3.08		8.31±2.12		0.49±0.06
t或χ²	0.983			1.916^＊		0.989		4.397^＊＊

季节	n	24 hSBP（mmHg）	24 hDBP（mmHg）	24 hSSD（%）	24 hDSD（%）	24 hPPI	日平均气温（℃）	日温差（℃）	日平均气压（Pa）
春	110	133.60±11.36	65.99±8.79	12.65±2.51	8.28±2.24	0.506±0.055	15.60±8.44	10.34±3.14	1 015.29±10.21
夏	108	128.25±10.72^a	66.18±7.59	11.99±2.35	8.60±1.92	0.491±0.058	24.80±9.48^a	7.27±2.36^a	1 008.42±11.26^a
秋	111	134.13±12.71^b	65.27±8.99	12.82±2.59^b	8.17±1.93	0.511±0.056^b	14.37±6.49^b	8.25±2.61^ab	1 020.02±5.58^ab
冬	109	140.80±14.20^abc	66.25±9.26	14.25±3.01^abc	8.63±2.13	0.522±0.066^abc	0.25±3.12^abc	6.95±2.42^ac	1 029.55±6.35^abc
F		19.477^＊＊	0.294	14.871^＊＊	1.357	5.276^＊	223.200^＊＊	35.728^＊＊	119.138^＊＊

季节	n	24 hSBP（mmHg）	24 hDBP（mmHg）	24 hSSD（%）	24 hDSD（%）	24 hPPI	日平均气温（℃）	日温差（℃）	日平均气压（Pa）
春	110	133.60±11.36	65.99±8.79	12.65±2.51	8.28±2.24	0.506±0.055	15.60±8.44	10.34±3.14	1 015.29±10.21
夏	108	128.25±10.72^a	66.18±7.59	11.99±2.35	8.60±1.92	0.491±0.058	24.80±9.48^a	7.27±2.36^a	1 008.42±11.26^a
秋	111	134.13±12.71^b	65.27±8.99	12.82±2.59^b	8.17±1.93	0.511±0.056^b	14.37±6.49^b	8.25±2.61^ab	1 020.02±5.58^ab
冬	109	140.80±14.20^abc	66.25±9.26	14.25±3.01^abc	8.63±2.13	0.522±0.066^abc	0.25±3.12^abc	6.95±2.42^ac	1 029.55±6.35^abc
F		19.477^＊＊	0.294	14.871^＊＊	1.357	5.276^＊	223.200^＊＊	35.728^＊＊	119.138^＊＊

组别	n	低温组
组别	n	24 hSBP（mmHg）	24 hDBP（mmHg）	24 hSSD（%）	24 hDSD（%）	24 hPPI
H型高血压组	104	138.12±14.29	66.97±9.04	14.78±3.51	8.71±2.58	0.52±0.06
非H型高血压组	116	137.89±13.56	65.83±7.63	13.33±2.57	8.20±2.10	0.52±0.05
t		0.120	0.628	2.196^＊	0.998	1.534
组别	n	高温组
组别	n	24 hSBP（mmHg）	24 hDBP（mmHg）	24 hSSD（%）	24 hDSD（%）	24 hPPI
H型高血压组	96	135.56±13.60	66.71±7.02	13.88±3.26	8.58±2.21	0.51±0.05
非H型高血压组	122	134.11±13.98	65.28±8.56	12.86±2.23	8.47±2.00	0.50±0.06
t		0.162	0.903	1.793	0.746	1.149