Abstract: Objective To review the effect of combined bypass surgery for Moyamoya disease in children. Methods Data of 9 children (5 -12-years) with Moyamoya disease treated with superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass and encephalo-duro-myo-synangiosis (EDMS) were followed up since 2016, and which were compared with dada of adult patients of the same surgical procedure in the same period. Results In this group of children, there were 8 cases with bilateral cerebral hemisphere disease, 1 case of unilateral cerebral hemisphere disease, 16 cases of ischemic type and 1 case of hemorrhagic type. Seventeen patients completed superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass operation (hemorrhagic type was completed on both sides). The short-term contralateral facial twitching occurred in 2 children after surgery. The bone flap loosened in one case 3 months after operation. None of the children showed cerebral ischemia or cerebral hemorrhage during peri-operation and long-term follow-up, and there were no abnormalities in physical development and academic performance compared to children of the same age. There were no significant differences in complications after surgery between child group and adult group. Conclusion Moyamoya disease occurs frequently in children. The combined bypass surgery can provide the safe and effective treatment for children aged 5-12 years, help children return to normal physical growth and development, and prevent stroke.