Abstract: We used immunohistochemical SP methods to study the expression of NF-κB p65 and ERα in 10 cases of normal endometrium, 60 cases of endometrial hyperplasia, and 20 cases of endometrioid adenocarcinoma, aiming to investigate the expression of NF-κB p65 in different tissues of endometrial epithelial cells and its relationship with ERα. We observed that the expression of NF-κB p65 gradually raised from normal endometrium、endometrial hyperplasia to endometrioid adenocarcinoma , with significant difference among these three groups（p<0.05）; and the expression of ERα gradually reduced from simple、complex、atypical hyperplasia to endometrioid adenocarcinoma, with significant difference among them（p<0.05）. The overexpression of NF-κB p65 and the expression of ERα in endometrioid adenocarcinoma showed negative correlation （r= -0.491，p=0.028）. In the end, we concluded that the increased expression of NF-κB p65 may play an important role in endometrioid carcinogenesis and its development, there maybe a molecular mechanism of cross-talk between NF-κB p65 and ERα.

Key words: endometrioid adenocarcinoma, NF-κB p65, ERα, immunohistochemistry