Table of Content

15 January 2016, Volume 44 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue
---
Review



For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX

Toggle Thumbnails

Select

Bronchial asthma and autophagy MA Longyan, WU Qi 2016, 44 (1):  3-4.  doi: 10.11958/20150214 Abstract ( 966 )   PDF (257KB) ( 5003 )   Abstract： In recent years, with the further study of cell biology and genetics, the role of autophagy in bronchial asthma is becoming more and more obvious. Especially in the aspects of genetic factors, oxidative stress and environment, autophagy regulation may directly affect the occurrence and development of asthma, which may become a new direction of asthma treat⁃ ment. In this review we will discuss what is autophagy, and the relationship between autophagy and asthma. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Progress in the diagnosis and treatment of non-responding community acquired pneumonia LI Xin, CAO Jie△ 2016, 44 (1):  5-8.  doi: 10.11958/20150309 Abstract ( 884 )   PDF (345KB) ( 4417 )   Abstract： Non-responding pneumonia describes the situation, in which an inadequate clinical response is present de⁃ spite antibiotic treatment. The incidence of treatment failure in community acquired pneumonia (CAP) can range up to 31%. At present, the diagnosis and treatment of this kind of disease remain a great challenge to CAP. For this reason, several stud⁃ ies have attempted to establish risk factors and new strategies for the treatment of non-responding pneumonia. This article re⁃ views the progress of the pathogeny and treatment of non-responding CAP. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Value of ultrathin bronchoscopy, virtual bronchoscopic navigation, endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath and rapid on-site evaluation in evaluation of bacterial infections in the peripheral third of the lung field LI Yajie, XIE Wei, ZHANG Peng, XUE Yanchao, FENG Jing△, CAO Jie△ 2016, 44 (1):  9-13.  doi: 10.11958/20150162 Abstract ( 1367 )   PDF (639KB) ( 7268 )   Abstract: Objective To evaluate the diagnostic yield and safety of transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) under virtual bronchoscopic navigation (Direct Path), endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath (GS) and rapid on-site evaluation using an ultrathin bronchoscopy (UNRE) for bacterial infection located in the peripheral third of the lung field. Methods Ninety-seven patients with bacterial infection, which located in the peripheral third of the lung field on CT images, were ran⁃ domly assigned to UNRE (n=49) or non-UNRE (NUNRE, n=48) groups, who were treated in General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University between April 1, 2014 and March 31, 2015. The TBLB guided by UNRE was performed in two groups. The diagnostic yield, safety and complication rate were compared between two groups. Moreover, the differences of autofluo⁃ rescence intensity of alveolar macrophage in alveolar lavage fluid were compared between two groups of patients. Results The diagnostic yield was significantly higher in UNRE group than that of NUNRE group (81.6% vs 56.2%, χ2 =7.313, P < 0.01). The diagnostic yield was higher in UNRE group with bronchus sign compared to that of NUNRE. All patients had a mild bleeding at the time of biopsy. There were no hemoptysis, pneumothorax or other serious complications. The autofluores⁃ cence intensity of alveolar macrophage was different in different levels of infection in patients. Conclusion The procedure of UNRE has higher diagnostic rate and fewer complications. The careful selection of suitable cases can further improve the diagnostic accuracy. The autofluorescence intensity of alveolar macrophage in alveolar lavage fluid indicates the severity of infection in patients. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Inflammatory and immune responses in a rat model of intermittent hypoxia - emphysema HAN Shuangyu1,LI Caili 2,FENG Jing2△, WANG Yubao1△ 2016, 44 (1):  14-18.  doi: 10.11958/59031 Abstract ( 928 )   PDF (895KB) ( 3941 )   Abstract：Objective To develop an "overlap syndrome (OS)" rat model by intermittent hypoxia (IH) exposure on the base of pre- existing emphysema, and to explore its characters of severe systemic inflammation and immune responses. Methods Sixty Wistar rats were put into four groups: control group, IH group, emphysema group and overlap (emphysema+ IH) group. The peripheral blood samples were collected for detecting apoptosis of CD3+ CD4+ ， CD3+ CD8+ T lymphocytes and neutrophils (PMN). Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 were evaluated by ELISA. The bronchoalveolar la⁃ vage fluid (BALF) was taken to calculate the ratio of macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes under light microscope. Tis⁃ sue blocks of lung, liver, pancreas, and right carotid artery were taken for pathologic scoring. Results The apoptotic rates of PMN and CD3 + CD8 + T cells were significantly lower in overlap group than those of other three groups (P < 0.05). Pro-in⁃ flammatory factor IL-6, TNF-α and peripheral blood CD3 + CD4 + T cell apoptosis were the highest in overlap group com⁃ pared to those of other three groups (P < 0.05). The ratio of PMN and macrophages in BALF were significantly higher in em⁃ physema group than those of other three groups (P < 0.05) and the pathology scores of lung, liver, pancreas, the ratio of carot⁃ id artery intima-media thickness of whole thickness of vascular were significantly higher in overlap group than those of other three groups (P < 0.05).Conclusion In rat model of intermittent hypoxia- emphysema there are more serious systemic multi-organ inflammation and immune responses. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

T Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and promote angiogenesis factor levels in peripheral blood in patients with obstructive sleep apnea XUE Yanchao1,SUN Bei 2,WANG Xin1,FENG Jing1△, CAO Jie1△ 2016, 44 (1):  19-22.  doi: 10.11958/20150161 Abstract ( 813 )   PDF (344KB) ( 3926 )   [Abstract] Objective Hypoxia is one of critical pathophysiological element in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Intermittent hypoxia (IH) induced endothelial cells, and enhanced the activity of promoting vascular growth factor. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) of mobilization and recruitment repaired damaged vascular. EPC with low acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity (ALDHlo EPC) showed the reparation ability. In this study, measuring the serum levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1?), plasma stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1?), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and levels of different subgroups EPC in peripheral blood in patients with OSA. To explore the possibility of EPC in peripheral blood repaired vascular in patients with different extent OSA. Methods 90 adult patients with OSA, 30 healthy controls with matched age, gender were enrolled for this study. The subjects performed Polysomnography, and were divided into four groups based on Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI). they are mild OSA group, moderate OSA group, severe OSA group and control group respectively, and including 30 patients in each group. Measuring the serum levels of HIF-1?、SDF-1? and VEGF by ELISA. Mononuclear cells were isolated from peripheral blood with density gradient centrifugation, and based on ALDH activity and CD133, CD34, KDR appropriate cell surface markers by flow cytometry (FACS ) to detected the levels of CD133+ EPC、CD133+CD34+ EPC、CD34+ EPC and ALDHloCD34+ EPC. Results The levels of CD133+ EPC、CD133+CD34+ EPC、CD34+ EPC of patients with OSA were increased compared to those in healthy controls (79.08±12.52、31.91±8.89、86.09±17.03, 97.34±16.18、45.19±18.23、123.40±32.73, 119.20±45.50、76.65±31.91、239.40±87.23 vs 51.90±18.85、18.71±8.50、53.29±18.78), but the levels of ALDHlo EPC in mild and moderate OSA groups were increased than those in the controls, and the levels of ALDHlo EPC were significantly decreased in severe OSA group (37.69±11.16、29.52±11.15、13.01± 6.36 vs 20.45± 8.99). Serum levels of HIF-1?、VEGF in patients with OSA were significantly increased compared to those in healthy controls (1.70±0.15、53.29±6.57,1.87±0.35、98.00±7.00,2.56±0.26、155.60±12.80 vs 1.30±0.21、36.79±5.59) but serum levels of SDF-1? were significantly decreased(1971.00±275.50、1587.00±241.70、1180.00±313.20 vs 2173.00±316.50) (P<0.05). Conclusion With increasing severity of OSA , Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) levels of mobilization and recruitment have increased, and ALDHlo EPC with vascular repair capacity were decreased, which results in endothelial damage, and increased the risk of cardiovascular disease. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The pathological changes in airway epitheilal tight junctions in mouse model with asthma LI Fan1,WU Qi 2△, SUN Xin2,LI Kuan2,ZHANG Yingchao3,LI Xue2,LI Yu2,ZHANG Qiuyang2,XU Long2,CHEN Huaiyong2 2016, 44 (1):  23-25.  doi: 10.11958/20150210 Abstract ( 956 )   PDF (546KB) ( 4563 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the pathological changes of airway epithelium mucosa in asthmatic mice. Meth⁃ ods Ten mice were divided into two groups: control group and asthma group, five mice in each group. Asthma group was sensitized with chicken ovalbumin (OVA) by intraperitoneal injection on day 0 and 7. Mice were then challenged with OVA on day 14, 15, and 16, 1 hour each time, once a day. Control group was given PBS solution instead of OVA. Lungs were col⁃ lected at day 18 in two groups. Immunofluorescence staining was used to evaluate asthmatic mouse model. Quantitative PCR was applied to detect the expression of Claudin 1, Claudin 3, Claudin 4, Claudin 5, Claudin 7 and Claudin 10 in lung tissues. Results The expressions of Claudin 3, Claudin 4 and Claudin 10 were significantly lower in asthma group than those in control group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in Claudin 1, Claudin 5 and Claudin 7 mRNA levels between control group and asthma group (P > 0.05). Conclusion Tight junctions of airway epithelium are loosed in asthma, suggest⁃ ing that epithelial permeability is increased. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Clinical value of gas partial pressure evaluation to the closure of visceral pleura in pneumothroax patients 2016, 44 (1):  26-29.  doi: 10.11958/59009 Abstract ( 786 )   PDF (331KB) ( 3976 )   Abstract: Objective To study the predictive value of evaluation in oxygen partial pressure[p(O2)] and carbon dioxide partial pressure[p(CO2)] of pleural cavity to the closure of visceral pleura in primary spontaneous pneumothroax (PSP) pa⁃ tients. Methods Seventy-six hospitalized pneumothroax patients were divided into two groups: closed pneumothroax group (n=40) and open pneumothroax group (n=36), according to the radiographic information.To collect the expiratory gas by the device which we designed and produced, to collect the gas in the pleural cavity by thoracentesis. To detect the p （O2 ）and p （CO2 ）respectively, and the blood gas analysis of radial artery was done at same time. Results There was significantly low⁃ er value of p（O2 ）of the gas in the pleural cavity in patients of closed pneumothroax than that of open pneumothroax (P < 0.05). The level of p （CO2 ） was higher in patients of closed pneumothroax than that of open pneumothroax ( P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in values of p （O2 ） and p （CO2 ） in expiratory gas and the blood gas analysis between two groups （P＞0.05). There was significantly higher value of the expiratory gas / the pleural cavity gas p(O2) and a significantly lower value of p(CO2), in closed pneumothroax group than those of open pneumothroax group (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analy⁃ sis showed that values of the expiratory gas / the pleural cavity gas p(O2) and p(CO2) were the effective factors for the closure of visceral pleura. ROC curve showed that the areas under ROC curve (AUC) for the expiratory gas/the pleural cavity gas p(O2) and p(CO2) was 0.985 and 0.867, the sensitivities were 92.5% and 77.8%, the specificities were 100% and 85.0% and the reference values were 1.81 and 0.97. Conclusion To utilize the evaluation of gas partial pressure can predict whether the leakage of the visceral pleura is closed. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The influence of smoking on FeNO expression in patients with chronic airway inflammation PING Miaowen, WANG Yan, CAO Jie△, ZHOU Ning, WANG Jie, GUO Meinan 2016, 44 (1):  29-32.  doi: 10.11958/20150236 Abstract ( 1374 )   PDF (317KB) ( 4358 )   Abstract: Objective To discuss the influence of smoking on fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) expression in pa⁃ tients with chronic airway inflammation. Methods According to the clinical history and characteristics of lung function, 206 patients were divided into asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap syndrome (ACOS) group (n=37), COPD group (n=124) and asthma group (n=45). Meanwhile, 40 people accepted healthy physical examination were used as the control group (n=40). Then persons were sub-divided into smokers or nonsmokers according to the situation of smoking. The FeNO value and pulmonary function index were compared between the four groups, and the FeNO value was compared between smokers and nonsmokers respectively. The smoking index and FeNO value of smokers were measured for correlation analysis. Results (1)The FeNO values were significantly higher in ACOS group and asthma group than those of COPD group and the control group (32.6±9.9 and 37.6±10.9 vs 18.7±9.8 and 14.4±4.3， F=68.082， P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in FeNO value between ACOS group and asthma group, and between COPD group and the control group. (2) The FEV1/FVC was significantly lower in ACOS group, COPD group and asthma group than that of control group, while the FEV1/FVC was significantly lower in ACOS group and COPD group than that of asthma group（P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in FEV1% between ACOS group, COPD group and asthma group（P > 0.05). (3) The Fe⁃ NO value was significantly lower in smokers of COPD group and ACOS group than that of non-smokers （P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in FeNO value between smokers and nonsmokers in asthma group and the control group （P > 0.05). (4)The smoking index and FeNO value were negatively correlated in COPD group, but there were no obvious cor⁃ relation in smoking index and FeNO values between other groups. Conclusion Smoking can lead to the reduction of FeNO value in COPD and ACOS patients. The detection of FeNO is helpful for the differentiating COPD combined asthma. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Synthesis of acid-sensitive doxorubicin prodrug nanoparticle and its application in brain glioma treatment LIU Jinjian#,ZHANG Yumin#,YANG Cuihong, CHU Liping,HUANG Fan, GAO Honglin, LIU Jianfeng△ 2016, 44 (1):  33-37.  doi: 10.11958/20150109 Abstract ( 888 )   PDF (928KB) ( 3885 )   Abstract: Objective To synthesize a new kind of acid-sensitive doxorubicin prodrug nanoparticles and to evaluate its anti-brain glioma effect and efficiency through blood-brain barrier (BBB). Methods The prodrug acid-sensitive poly⁃ ethylene glycol (PEG) - doxorubicin (PEG-DOX) copolymer was synthesized by Schiff base reaction, and PEG-DOX pro⁃ drug nanoparticles (PEG-DOX NPs) were prepared by self-assembling. The character of PEG-DOX copolymer was detected by dynamic light scattering (DLS) instrument and 1 H NMR. The morphology of PEG-DOX NPs was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The character of drug release was detected by UV mothed. The cellular uptake efficiency of glio⁃ ma cells to PEG-DOX NPs was observed by inverted fluorescence microscope. The anti-brain glioma effects of PEG-DOX NPs and Free DOX were studied by MTT mothed. PS80-PEG-DOX NPs were gained by the modification of PEG-DOX NPs with Tween 80. Nine BALB/c mice were separated into Free DOX, PEG-DOX NPs and PS80-PEG-DOX NPs groups by ran⁃ dom drawing lots. The mean fluorescence intensity of brain and main organs were observed by in vivo imaging system. Re⁃ sults The copolymer of PEG-DOX can self-assemble into nanoparticles with the diameter of 100 nm. PEG-DOX NPs can quickly release DOX in acid environment. Although PEG-DOX NPs had slow cancer cell uptake than Free DOX, it had lon⁃ger accumulation. MTT results showed that PEG-DOX NPs had concentration dependent anti-brain glioma effect. Indepen⁃ dent samples t-test indicated that the efficiency through BBB was significantly higher in PS80-PEG-DOX NPs group than that of Free DOX group and PEG-DOX NPs group. Conclusion PEG-DOX NPs show well anti-brain glioma effect in vi⁃ tro, and can across BBB with high efficiency after modification, which make it possible for a potential therapeutic prodrug for brain glioma. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The STAT-3 inhibitor WP1066 promotes oral squamous cell carcinoma invasiveness by cisplatin in vitro KONG Lingping1， LIU Aiqin1， ZHOU Xuan1， REN Yu2， HUANG Yuanyuan1， LIU Su1， ZHANG Lun1△ 2016, 44 (1):  38-42.  doi: 10.11958/20150010 Abstract ( 1074 )   PDF (956KB) ( 4601 )   Objective To investigate the effect of signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 （STAT-3） on sen⁃ sitizing oral squamous cell carcinoma to cis-dichlorodiamineplatinum via downregulating miRNA-21. Methods Tscca and Tca8113P160 human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell lines were employed in this study. WP1066 was used to suppress STAT-3 signaling pathway. Cells were divided into three groups: dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) group, cis-dichlorodiamine⁃ platinum (DDP) group and WP1066+DDP group. Transcription level of miR-21 was assessed by real-time PCR, while the expression levels of STAT-3, p-STAT-3, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP-3) and matrix metalloproteinase-2/ 9 (MMP-2/9 ) were evaluated by Western blot assay. Matrigel matrix and transwell assay were used to determine cancer cell colony formation and invasive ability respectively. Expression level of miR-21 was examined by luciferase reporter gene as⁃ say. Results Expression levels of STAT-3, pSTAT-3 and miR-21 were significantly suppressed by WP1066 treatment. The diameters of culture colony in cells treated with WP1066 and DDP were smaller than those in control group. The number of tongue cancer cells that migrated through the transwell membrane in WP1066 and DDP treated group was less than that in control group. Additionally, MMP- 2/9 expression decreased while TIMP- 3 increased dramatically in both cell lines in WP1066 + DPP group compared to the other two groups. Conclusion Reduction of STAT-3 can sensitize oral squamous cell carcinoma to cis-dichlorodiamineplatinum via downregulating miR-21. Our study shows that DDP, in combination with WP1066, might be used as a potential target in the treatment of human oral squamous cell cancer Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The expression and significance of α1-adrenoceptor in the interstitial cells of Cajal MA Luping, WANG Qinzhang△, WANG Jiangping, QIAN Biao, LI Yinglong, LI Qiang, NI Zhao, WANG Xinmin 2016, 44 (1):  43-45.  doi: 10.11958/20150094 Abstract ( 861 )   PDF (427KB) ( 3758 )   Abstract: Objective To observe the expression of α1-adrenoceptor in the interstitial cells of Cajal in guinea pig pros⁃ tate, and explore it , s possible physiological function. Methods The guinea pig prostate slices and cells were cultured. c-Kit was used to distinguish ICCs， and α-actin was used to label smooth muscle cells. c-kit and α-actin were respectively dou⁃ ble- labeld with α1-adrenoceptor immuno histochemistry. Results Immunohistochemistry showed that c-kit and α1-adre⁃ noceptor were coexpressed in ICCs of c-kit positive guinea pig prostate slices. And α1-adrenoceptor was expressed in α-ac⁃ tin positive smooth muscle cells. The α1-adrenoceptor was more highly expressed in ICCs than that around smooth muscle cells in guinea pig prostate slices. Conclusion The ICCs that express α1-adrenoceptor are the target cells of sympathetic nerve and might play an important role in adjusting the activity of smooth muscle cells in guinea pig prostate. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of recombinant human interleukin 11(rhIL-11) on proliferation, migration and invasion of pulmonary adenocarcinoma A549 cells △Corresponding Author E-mail: kmfgl@163.com 2016, 44 (1):  46-49.  doi: 10.11958/51942 Abstract ( 817 )   PDF (667KB) ( 3901 )   Objective To observe the effects of recombinant human interleukin 11(rhIL-11) on proliferation, migration and invasion of A549 cells, and the mechanism thereof. Methods Final concentrations of 0, 10, 20, 50 and 100 μg/L rhIL- 11 were added into pulmonary adenocarcinoma A549 cells. The cell proliferation was detected by MTT. The wound-healing, transwell migration assay were used to validate the capability of the migration and invasion of A549 cells. Matrix metallopro⁃ teinases (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 protein expressions were revealed by Western blot assay. Results The proliferation of A549 cells was not significantly changed by rhIL-11. The cell capability to migrate and invade was significantly increased 24 h af⁃ ter treatment with rhIL-11 (P < 0.05). The expression levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were significantly un-regulated, and which were increased with the increased concentrations of rhIL-11 (P < 0.05). Conclusion rhIL-11 can promote the migra⁃ tion and invasion of A549 cells, and the up-regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression might be one of the mechanisms. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of ATRA on high glucose-induced proliferation and apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells CHEN Yanxia, FANG Xiangdong, HUANG Chong, QIN Xiaohua, ZOU Hongchang, XU Chengyun, XU Gaosi, TU Weiping△ 2016, 44 (1):  50-52.  doi: 10.11958/58997 Abstract ( 737 )   PDF (397KB) ( 3999 )   Abstract:Objective To investigate the effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on high glucose-induced proliferation and apoptosis in human HK-2 cells， and to provide a reference for slowing down the progress of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Methods HK-2 cells were cultured in vitro and were divided into six groups: blank group (without stimulants), high glu⁃ cose group (D-glucose 30 mmol/L), high permeability group (mannitol 24.5 mmol/L) and low concentration of ATRA group (ATRA 30 mmol/L 1×10- 7 mol/L+D-glucose 30 mmol/L), middle concentration of ATRA group (ATRA 30 mmol/L 1×10- 6 mol/L +D-glucose 30mmol/L) and high concentration of ATRA group (ATRA 1×10-5 mol/L+D-glucose 30 mmol/L). Cells of six groups were cultured for 48 hours. MTT assay was used for detection of cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was used for de⁃ tection of cell apoptosis. Results There were no significant differences in OD value and apoptotic rate between the blank group and the high permeability group. The cell proliferation was decreased in high glucose group than that of blank group and high permeability group， but the apoptotic rate was increased. The cell proliferation was significantly higher in low con⁃ centration, medium concentration and high concentration of ATRA groups than that of high glucose group, and the apoptotic rate was lower than that of high glucose group, and the changes were in a concentration dependent manner (P＜0.05). Con⁃ clusion ATRA can promote the proliferation of HK-2 cells induced by high glucose, and inhibit the apoptosis, and which has a certain relevance with the concentration of ATRA. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of homocysteine on post-cerebral ischemic angiogenesis in rats GOU Yun, HUANG Guowei, ZHAO Yaqian, CHEN Shuang, ZHANG Xumei △ 2016, 44 (1):  53-55.  doi: 10.11958/59123 Abstract ( 821 )   PDF (509KB) ( 4094 )   Abstract: Objective To explore the role of homocysteine（Hcy）on angiogenesis at peri infarct region after focal cere⁃ bral ischemia in rats, to elucidate inhibitory factors of angiogenesis, and to establish a clinic foundation for clinical brain functional recovery. Methods Spragur-Dawley (SD) male rats (n=36) were randomly divided into three groups with 12 rats in each group including Sham Operation (SO) group, Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) group and MCAO+Hcy group. The rats in Sham and MCAO groups were intra-peritoneally injected with 5 mL/(kg·d) saline and rats in MCAO + Hcy group were injected with 2% 5 mL/(kg·d) Hey solution from the same route. MCAO was introduced by intraluminal filament meth⁃ od after 7 d Hcy intervention. Rat brains were harvested on the 7th day after MCAO. BrdU（50 mg/kg, as a marker of cell pro⁃ liferation）was intraperitoneally injected three days before the rats were killed. High performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）was used to measure serum Hcy concentration in rats. Brain infarction size was observed by TTC staining. Immuno⁃ fluorescence staining was used to detect the number of BrdU+ /laminin+ cells at the thalamus of infarction side. Results Se⁃ rum Hcy concentration significantly higher in MCAO + Hcy group than in SO and MCAO groups（P < 0.05） . Brain damage increased and the number of BrdU+ /laminin+ cells decreased in MCAO + Hcy group compared with those of MCAO group （P < 0.05） . Conclusion Increased Hcy concentration in rats lead to more severe damage of cerebral infarction as well as to inhibit the angiogenesis at surrounding ischemia area. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The significance of PPARγ expression in lung tissue of rats with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension XIANG Guangming1,2,LIU Yan1△ 2016, 44 (1):  56-59.  doi: 10.11958/59062 Abstract ( 976 )   PDF (431KB) ( 3937 )   Abstract:Objective To investigate the significance of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ expression in the lung tissue of rats with chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPAH). Methods Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=10 for each group): normal control group (NC), hypoxia control group-one-week (HC-1w), hypoxia control group-two-week (HC-2w) and hypoxia control group-three-week (HC-3w). Normal control group was raised under normal oxygen condition in ventilated animal cage for three weeks. The other HC groups were placed in a low oxygen chamber (O2 concentration of 10%) from 9： 00 AM-5:00 PM (8 h/d) everyday by one week, two weeks and three weeks. The mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) were detected. The index of right ventricular hypertrophy RV/(LV+S) was measured by dissecting rat heart. The morphological changes of the small pul⁃ monary arteries were observed by HE staining, and the percentage of vascular wall thickness (WT%) was calculated. The ex⁃ pression level of PPARγ protein was detected by Westren blot assay. Results The mPAP, RVSP and RV/(LV+S) were sig⁃ nificantly higher in HC groups than those of NC group (P<0.05). The morphology of pulmonary arteries showed vessel wall thickening and vessel lumina stenosis in HC groups compared with that of NC group. The PPARγ expression in lung tissue was significantly lower in HC groups than that of NC group, and the downward trend was more obvious with the extension of time. Conclusion PPARγ plays an important role in the occurrence and development of chronic hypoxic pulmonary hyper⁃ tension. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The effects of KS tablet on hematopoietic regulation in mice treated with radiation KANG Xiaomeng, WANG Huawei, DU Liqing, ZHAO Jie, ZHANG Yurui, WANG Hua′nan, YANG FujunΔ,XU WenqingΔ 2016, 44 (1):  59-62.  doi: 10.11958/20150143 Abstract ( 677 )   PDF (379KB) ( 3774 )   Abstract： Objective To investigate the effects of Kangshuai (KS) tablet on the hematopoietic reconstitution in mice treated with radiation. Methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: irradiated control group, low-dosegroup (0.75 g/kg), middle-dose group (1.5 g/kg) and high-dose group (3.0 g/kg). There were ten mice for each group. The mice in three treated groups were given KS tablet suspension orally for three days before the treatment with irradiation, and the control group was given equal quantity of normal saline. All the mice were underwent irradiation of 6.0 Gy 137 Cs-γ rays, and were continuously given drug suspension or saline for seven days. The mice were sacrificed on the eighth day after irradiation. Colony forming unit of spleen (CSF-S), granulocyte macrophage colony-forming unit (CFU-GM) and fibroblast colony-form⁃ ing unit (CFU-F). The 2D CFU-GM hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) were co-cultured with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC). Re⁃ sults Compared with the irradiated control group, numbers of CFU- GM were significantly increased in three treatment groups. The proliferations of CFU-S, CFU-F and 2D CFU-GM were significantly enhanced in middle and high dose groups (P＜0.05). Conclusion KS tablet can promote hematopoietic reconstitution in mice after irradiation damage. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of erythropoietin on apoptosis and expression of AKT in rats of chronic heart failure XU Wei 1,CHEN Yongquan1,WU Jinlei 1,LIU Xin1,CHEN Ximing1△, CHEN Shengqiang2,SUN Weiwen2 2016, 44 (1):  63-66.  doi: 10.11958/59073 Abstract ( 877 )   PDF (740KB) ( 3807 )    Objective To investigate the effects of erythropoietin (EPO) on myocardial apoptosis and protein kinase B (AKT) expression in rats of chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods Thirty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into two groups, sham-operated (Sham) group (n = 6) and model (Model) group (n = 24). The abdominal aortic coarctation was used to build CHF model. Sixteen survived rats after operation were randomly divided into two groups including EPO group and con⁃ trol (Control) group. EPO group was received 3 000 U/kg EPO intraperitoneal injection 3 times / week for 4 weeks, and Sham group and Control group were received same volume of normal saline. The echocardiography was used to evaluate cardiac function after 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks of treatment. After 12 weeks, all rats were sacrificed after 24 h fasting. The cell morphology and myocardial apoptosis were observed, and apoptosis index (AI) was calculated. Myocardial P-AKT / AKT pro⁃ tein expression was detected by Western blot assay. Results Echocardiography showed that ventricular hypertrophy was found in model group after four weeks, heart failure 8 weeks. Compared with Control group, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was significantly higher after EPO intervention for 4 weeks (P < 0.05), systolic interventricular septum thickness (IVSs), end-systolic left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWs), diastolic interventricular septum thickness (IVSd), af⁃ ter left ventricular end-diastolic wall thickness (LVPWd) were significantly lower (P < 0.05). The value of AI was significant⁃ ly lower in EPO group than that of Control group (23.87%±1.45% vs 35.58%±2.81%, P < 0.01). The OD value of P-AKT / AKT was significantly decreased in Control group (0.35±0.06) than that of Sham group (0.81±0.17), the value was significant⁃ ly increased in EPO group (1.61±0.16) than that of Control group (P < 0.01). Conclusion EPO can improve heart function， inhibit myocardial apoptosis， and promote pro-phosphorylation of AKT in rats with chronic heart failure. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of edaravone on the expression of TGF-β1 and myocardialfibrosis in rats WANG Shixiang， WU Hongchao， LIU Yingfeng 2016, 44 (1):  67-70.  doi: 10.11958/58841 Abstract ( 966 )   PDF (502KB) ( 3892 )   Abstract： Objective To investigate the effects of edaravone on myocardial fibrosis induced by isoproterenol (ISO) in rats, and to discuss the correlation between the level of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and the myocardial fibrosis. Methods Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups, namely control group, model group and edaravone groups (low, medium and high doses). Isoproterenol was used to establish the rat model of myocardial fibrosis. Edaravone groups were given edaravone [3, 5 and 10 mg/(kg·d)] to intervene for 14 days. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) were examined after 15-d treatment. The left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and collagen volume fraction (CVF) were examined. The expression of TGF-β1 was detected by Western blot assay and immuno⁃ fluorescence method. Results The content of MDA and LVMI were significantly higher in model group than those of the control group (P < 0.01)， whereas the content of SOD was significantly lower in model group than that of the control group (P < 0.01). Compared with model group, the expression level of MDA decreased with the increased intervention dose of edara⁃ vone (P < 0.05), while SOD expression level increased (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the level of SOD be⁃ tween middle dose edaravone group and the control group. LVMI was decreased with the increased doses of edaravone (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in LVMI between the high dose of edaravone group and the control group. Com⁃ pared with the control group, the expression level of TGF-β1 was significantly increased in model group (P < 0.01). The ex⁃ pression level of TGF- β1 was reduced with the increased doses of edaravone. CVF was significantly increased in model group compared with that of control group (P < 0.001). CVF decreased with the increased doses of edaravone in medium and high doses of edaravone groups, but they were higher than that of control group (P < 0.01). TGF-β1 was positively correlated with MDA, LVMI and CVF (r=0.931, 0.879 and 0.930, P < 0.001). SOD was negatively correlated with TGF-β1 (r= -0.892, 0.001). Edaravone can relieve myocardial fibrosis by inhibiting oxidative stress and TGF-β in rats. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of quercetin linosomes on the formation of advanced glycation end products（AGEs）and receptor for advanced glycation end products ( RAGE ) in kidney of diabetic rats TANG Lixia1,ZHU Kaimei 1△, LI Dianpeng2,GU Shengjiu1 2016, 44 (1):  71-74.  doi: 10.11958/59020 Abstract ( 1001 )   PDF (1154KB) ( 4268 )   To observe the effects of quercetin liposome (LQ) on formation of advanced glycation end prod⁃ ucts （AGEs）and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in kidney of diabetic rats. Methods LQ was made by rotary evaporation, and the model of type 2 diabetic rats were established by being fed on high-sugar and high-fat diet combined with intraperitoneally injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Then type 2 diabetic rats were randomly divided into six groups: diabetic model group (group DM), low level of LQ group (group LQ-L ), medium level of LQ group (group LQ-M), high level of LQ group (group LQ-H), positive control group (group aminoguanidine, AG) and control group (group N). After 8 weeks of interventions, blood glucose, body weight, kidney hypertrophy index (KI), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Scr) were measured in each group. ELISA was used to detect serum AGEs, and 24 h urine albumin. The pathologi⁃ cal change of glomerular basement membranes was observed by PAS staining and the expressions of AGEs in kidney was as⁃ sessed by immunohistochemical method. The transcription level of RAGE mRNA in kidney was determined by RT-PCR. Re⁃ sults Compared with the group N, the level of blood glucose, KI, BUN, Scr, serum AGEs and 24 h urine albumin were in⁃ creased significantly in group DM, while the level of body weight decreased. Also the volume of kidney glomerulus increased and glomerular basement membranes thickened, the transcription levels of AGEs and RAGE mRNA in kidney tissue in⁃ creased in DM group (P < 0.05). Compared with group DM, the level of blood glucose, KI, BUN, Scr, serum AGEs and 24 h urinary albumin decreased, while the level of body weight increased in all three LQ groups. Meantime, the change of patho⁃ logical morphology of glomerular basement membranes reduced and the expressions of AGEs and RAGE mRNA in kidney tissue decreased in all three LQ groups. All changes in the medium LQ dose group were more obvious than those of other twoLQ groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion Similar to AG, LQ has effect on inhibiting the action of proteinum unenzymatic glycosyl⁃ ation and on decreasing the production of AGEs in serum as well as the expression of RAGE mRNA in kidney. Therefore, LQ play important protective role in kidneys of diabetic rats. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Expression and clinical significance of ribosomal protein L6 in prostate cancer ZHANG Meng, SHENG Bin, MA Pengde, ZHANG Changwen, XU Yong△ 2016, 44 (1):  75-78.  doi: 10.11958/59076 Abstract ( 1020 )   PDF (410KB) ( 4336 )   Abstract: Objective To explore the expression of ribosomal protein L6 (RPL6) in prostate cancer and its clinical sig⁃ nificance. Methods RT-qPCR and Western blot assay were used to measure the mRNA transcription and protein expres⁃ sion levels of RPL6 in prostate cancer tissues (n=80) and adjacent non-cancerous tissues (n=62). The relationship between RPL6 mRNA expression level and clinicopathological factors of prostate cancer was statistically analyzed. Results The mRNA and protein expression levels of RPL6 were significantly higher in prostate cancer tissues compared with those of non-cancerous tissues (P < 0.05). There were higher serum expression levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA) and higher Gleason score in prostate cancer tissues. The expression level of RPL6 mRNA was significantly higher in patients with lymph node metastasis and late clinical stage (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in PSA levels between different ages, with or without seminal vesicle invasion and different surgical margin status (P > 0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival time showed the significantly lower recurrent rate in patients with high RPL6 mRNA expression （χ2 =4.530,P=0.033). Conclusion The elevated expression of RPL6 may play a role in the development of prostate cancer, and which can be used as a tumor marker to assess the prognosis of prostate cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Association of serum components of GH axis with GHR exon 3 polymorphism in idiopathic short stature children CHENG Bingjuan1,LIU Geli 2△， LI Ning3,YANG Jingyan2,ZHENG Rongxiu2 2016, 44 (1):  78-82.  doi: 10.11958/59137 Abstract ( 1127 )   PDF (414KB) ( 4077 )   Abstract： Objective To investigate the possible association of circulating components of GH-IGFs-IGFBPs system with the GHR-exon 3 genotype in idiopathic short stature (ISS) children. Methods Genomic DNA was extracted and isolat⁃ ed from peripheral leukocytes in 108 ISS children. GHR-exon 3 polymorphism was analyzed with multiplex poly- merase chain reactions (PCR) assay. According to the results of genotype, ISS children were divided into GHRfl group and GHRd3 group. The height and weight were recorded in two groups. The body mass index (BMI) and BMI standard deviation score (SDS) were measured. The serum levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) -1, IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-3, IGF-1 SDS and IGFBP3 SDS were calculated. GH stimulation test was used to measure the serum GH peak value. Fifty-five ISS chil⁃ dren were treated with recombine human GH [0.15 IU/(kg·d)] for three months to analyse the association of IGF-1 responseof GH treatment and genotypes. Results There were 63 GHRfl and 45 GHRd3 in 108 ISS children. There were no signifi⁃ cant differences in BMI, IGF-1, IGFBP3, GH peak, IGF-1 SDS and IGFBP3 SDS between two groups (P > 0.05). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that age, IGFBP3, lg (BMI) and lg (GH peak) were influencing factors of lgIGF-1 (P < 0.05). In 55 ISS children treated with rhGH, there were 34 cases of GHRd3. The differences of △IGF-1 and △IGF-1 SDS were higher in GHRd3 group than those of GHRfl group (n=21). Conclusion The GH sensitivity may be a risk factor in ISS children, which may not be related with GHR polymorphism. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Clinical study of human umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantation via peripheral vein in the treatment of decompensated cirrhosis ZHANG Sui, TONG Lixin, YAN Baoyong△, LI Quanhai, JIA Bei, LIU Liping, MA Wenbo, ZHANG Jun 2016, 44 (1):  83-87.  doi: 10.11958/58304 Abstract ( 863 )   PDF (307KB) ( 4018 )   Abstract:Objective To investigate the effect and safety of human umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantation via peripheral vein in the treatment of different degrees of liver cirrhosis. Methods Sixty-five patients with liver cirrhosis were selected, and divided into stem cell group (n=34) and control group (n=31). Stem cell group included patients with different degrees of cirrhosis: 13 with Child-Pugh A, 14 with Child-Pugh B and 7 with Child-Pugh C respectively, patients in stem cell group were given intravenous infusion of human umbilical cord blood stem cells via peripheral vein on the basis of rou⁃ tine treatment. The changes of liver function and coagulation function were observed before transplantation, 2, 4, 12 and 24 weeks after transplantation. In addition, clinical symptoms and side effects in patients were observed after the stem cell treat⁃ ment. Results (1) Clinical symptoms were improved obviously in patients with Child-Pugh A and B in stem cell group com⁃ pared with those in control group. There were no significant differences in clinical symptoms in patients with Child-Pugh C between stem cell group and control group. (2) Liver of albumin (ALB), prothrombin activity (PTA) were significantly in⁃ creased in patients with Child-Pugh A and B in stem cell group at 2, 4,12 and 24 weeks after treatment than those before treatment. Levels of ALB and PTA were increased in stem cell group at 12 and 24 weeks after treatment than those of control group. The level of cholinesterase (CHE) was increased in stem cell group at 4, 12 and 24 weeks after treatment than thosebefore treatment. There was no significant differences in level of CHE between stem cells group and control group. There was no significant differences in levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bilirubin (TBIL) between stem cell group and control group. There were no significant differences in ALT, AST, TBIL, ALB, CHE and PTA in patients with Child-Pugh C between stem cell group and control group. (3) There were no severe complications and adverse reactions in patients after treatment. Conclusion Human umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantation via periph⁃ eral vein is safe and effective for the treatment of liver cirrhosis. The curative effect is much remarkable in patients with Child-Pugh A and B than that in patients with Child-Pugh C. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The relationship between oxidative stress and estrogen receptor levels in ectopic endometrium and pelvic pain GUO Ruimeng, YIN Lirong△ 2016, 44 (1):  88-90.  doi: 10.11958/20150114 Abstract ( 772 )   PDF (677KB) ( 3960 )   Abstract:Objective To discuss the role of oxidative stress (OS) and estrogen receptor (ER) levels in ectopic endome⁃ trium in patients with pelvic pain. Methods The ectopic endometrium was taken from patients with mild, moderate and se⁃ vere pelvic pain, and samples were divided into mild group (n=29), moderate group (n=34) and severe group (n=26). The nor⁃ mal samples of endometrium (n=30) were used as control group. Xanthine oxidase method was used to detect the level of su⁃ peroxide dismutase (SOD), thiobarbituric acid colorimetric method was used to detect the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the level of estrogen receptor (ER). The correlation of MDA, SOD and ER lev⁃ els was analysed between three ectopic endometrium groups. Results The SOD levels were significantly lower and MDA and ER levels were significantly higher in three ectopic endometrium groups than those in control group (P <0.05). The SOD levels were decreased, while MDA and ER levels were gradually increased with increased pain intensity in three groups of ec⁃ topic endometrium (P < 0.05). There was no correlation between MDA level and ER level in mild group (P > 0.05). A posi⁃ tive correlation was found between MDA and ER levels in moderate and severe groups (P < 0.05). There was no relationship between SOD and ER levels in three ectopic endometrium groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion Over-expression of OS and ER presents in ectopic endometrium, and both participate in the occurrence of pelvic pain, and create synergies in pelvic pain of ectopic endometrium. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The influence of different ranges of isokinetic quadriceps training for the knee function in patients after total knee arthroplasty LI Yiping1,ZHANG Ying2△ 2016, 44 (1):  91-93.  doi: 10.11958/57787 Abstract ( 1260 )   PDF (288KB) ( 3878 )   Abstract： Objective To study the effects of different ranges of isokinetic quadriceps training for improving the func⁃ tion of knee joint after total knee arthroplasty (TKA)， and provide the theoretical and clinical experiences for the early reha⁃ bilitation of TKA．Methods A total of 73 TKA cases were randomly allocated into 3 groups for isokinetic quadriceps train⁃ ing with ranges of 0°- 30° (n=25), 31°- 60° (n=24) and 61°- 90° (n=24)．The isokinetic quadriceps training was for two months. The isokinetic muscle strength and the IKS scores were recorded before and after the training in three groups. Re⁃ sults After training, the isokinetic muscle strength increased significantly in three groups (P < 0.05). The IKS scores in⁃ creased significantly only in 0°-30° training group after training (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in IKS score before and after training in 31°-60° group and 61°-90°group. The IKS score after training was positively correlated with the isokinetic muscle strength only in 0°-30° group (P < 0.05). Conclusion After TKA, isokinetic quadriceps training with a 0°-30° range of motion can improve the strength of quadriceps and the knee function． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Evaluation of MRI for axillary lymph node in breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy LI Fu1,ZENG Jian1△, LI Chunyan2,LUO Ming1,KONG Zhen1 2016, 44 (1):  94-97.  doi: 10.11958/59011 Abstract ( 950 )   PDF (482KB) ( 3960 )   Abstract:Objective To explore and evaluate the clinical value of MRI for status of axillary lymph node after neoadju⁃ vant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with breast cancer. Methods Forty-four patients with 1ocally advanced breast cancer (LABC) were underwent NAC for four cycles. The longest diameter of axillary lymph node (ALN) measured by MRI scan. Val⁃ ue of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and their correlation were compared before NAC and four cycles after NAC. Re⁃ sults of MRI and pathological data for ALN were compared between two groups of patients. Results All patients finished four cycles of NAC. The total response rate (CR+PR) was 72.7% (32/44), and the total non-response rate (SD+PD) was 27.3% (12/44). The longest diameter of ALN was significantly shortened in response group. The longest diameter was (1.37± 1.06) cm before NAC and (0.90±0.76) cm after NAC (P＜0.01). The ADC value of the tumor was significantly increased in re⁃ sponse group [(0.91±0.28) ×10-3 mm2 /s before NAC and (1.01±0.32)×10-3 mm2 /s after NAC, P＜0.01)]. There was no signifi⁃ cant correlation between ADC value change (△ADC) and the longest diameter change of ALN (△L, r=0.131, P=0.413). The sensitivity, specificity and Kappa value of ALN evaluation after NAC were 100%, 62.5% and 0.68 measured by MRI. Con⁃ clusion The change of tumor longest diameter reflects the effect of chemotherapy directly. The tumor ADC value of MRI can not be used as an independent indicator of chemotherapy effect of ALN, eventhouth MRI was the sensitive index for eval⁃ uating the status of axillary lymph node after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The target/no target ratio analysis of 18 F-FDG uptaking in head and neck malignancy by SPECT/CT coincidence imaging LI Nan, MAO Xibao, DING Chenmin, BAO Wenjun, FAN Jing, XUE Ningjuan 2016, 44 (1):  98-101.  doi: 10.11958/58643 Abstract ( 1199 )   PDF (313KB) ( 4381 )   Abstract： Objective To investigate the influencing factors of 18 F- FDG uptaking in head and neck malignancy by SPECT/CT coincidence imaging. Methods 18 F-FDG SPECT/CT coincidence imaging was performed in 32 patients with head and neck malignancy after surgery, radiotherapy or radiotherapy + chemotherapy. The radio of target/no target (T/N) was calculated. The gender, age, fasting blood glucose level, size of tumor, location of tumor, pathological classification, de⁃ gree of cell differentiation and treatment modalities were analyzed between groups. Results The single-factor analysis of variance showed that the T/N value was significantly higher in >70 yeas old, group than that of 41-50 yeas old group and 51-60 yeas old group (P < 0.05). The T/N value was significantly lower in tumor size <2 cm group than that of 2-5 cm group and > 5 cm group (P＜0.05). And it was lower in poor differentiated tumor group than that of. undifferentiated tumor group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in T/N values between other indicator groups (P > 0.05). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that 18 F-FDG uptaking in head and neck malignancy (T/N=Y) was related to the age of patients (X2), the diameter of tumor (X4) and the degree of cell differentiation (X9): =-4.389 25+0.053 03 X2+1.617 86 X4+ 0.718 35 X9. Conclusion Tumor recurrence is more likely to occur in patients with age >70 years old, the diameter of tumor ≥2 cm, and the anaplastic head and neck malignancy.We should pay much attention to the diagnosis and follow-up for these pa⁃ tients. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Comparison of clinical effects between uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery and 3-portal video-assisted thoracic surgery in pulmonary lobectomy JIN Yunpeng1,LU Xike2△, ZHANG Xun2,ZHOU Fang2,YUAN Li′na1 2016, 44 (1):  101-104.  doi: 10.11958/20150073 Abstract ( 1630 )   PDF (319KB) ( 4377 )   Abstract:Objective To compare the clinical effects between uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) and 3- portal VATS lobectomy for patients with lung cancer. Methods Patients were divided into uniportal VATS lobectomy group (n=45) and 3-portal VATS lobectomy group (n=53). The clinical data were compared between two groups, including the oper⁃ ation time, intraoperative blood loss, number of lymph node dissection, length of incision, postoperative extubation time, post⁃ operative pain score and postoperative hospitalization. Results There were no significant differences in intraoperative blood lose (128.75±18.32) mL vs (129.15±17.69) mL, lymph node dissection number (13.33±1.05) vs (13.12±1.38), duration of chest drainage (4.90±0.75)d vs (4.75±0.70)d, duration of hospital stay (7.52±1.16)d vs (7.55±1.10)d and incidence of seri⁃ ous postoperative complications between two groups (P>0.05). The incision length (5.36±0.22)cm vs (7.44±0.35)cm, numeric pain intensity scale including first day(6.47±0.54) vs (6.86±0.52)， third day(3.59±0.29) vs (4.05±0.25), and patient satisfac⁃ tion scores (91.03±2.62) vs (88.35±2.97) were significantly better in uniportal VATS group than those of 3-portal VATSgroup (P<0.05). The operation time (143.81±17.97) min vs （130.11±15.03） min was longer in uniportal VATS group than that of 3-portal VATS group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Uniportal VATS lobectomy is safe and reliable for patients with early- stage lung cancer, which has less surgical injury, slighter pain, and higher satisfaction than 3-portal VATS lobectomy. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of combined treatment of different anti-hypertensive drugs on blood pressure variability in elderly patients with hypertension WANG Lei， WEI Xinwei, YU Fang 2016, 44 (1):  105-109.  doi: 10.11958/58650 Abstract ( 1077 )   PDF (386KB) ( 4435 )   Abstract： Objective To observe the impacts of valsartan combined with amlodipine or hydrochlorothiazide regimen on blood pressure variability (BPV) in elderly hypertensive patients．Methods Eighty elderly patients with hypertension were randomized into valsartan and amlodipine (the amlodipine group, n=38) or valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide (the hydro⁃ chlorothiazide group， n=37) group．The 24-hour dynamic blood pressure was monitored at baseline, 6-week and 12-week after treatment for the blood pressure and blood pressure variability. The control rate of blood pressure was calculated at 6- week after treatment, and side effects were observed during the treatment．Results Values of 24 h systolic blood pressure (SBP), daytime SBP, nighttime SBP, morning SBP and 24 h systolic blood pressure variability (SBPV) were significantly low⁃ er at 6-week and 12-week than those of baseline in both two groups （P < 0.05). There was an interaction between the group⁃ ing factors and time on 24 h SBP, daytime SBP, nighttime SBP, 24 h SBPV and daytime SBPV (P < 0.05). At the 6 and 12- week treatment, 24 h SBP, daytime SBP, nighttime SBP and daytime SBPV were significantly lower in amlodipine group than those in hydrochlorothiazide group (P < 0.05). At 12-week treatment, 24 h SBPV was significantly lower in amlodipine group than tjat in hydrochlorothiazide group (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in control rate of blood pressure and side effects between two groups. Conclusion Valsartan in combination with amlodipine or hydrochlorothiazide can both ef⁃ fectively control BPV in elderly hypertensive patients, and valsartan conbined with amlodipine has better effects on lowering blood pressure and BPV． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Pylori infection distribution in 11 096 individuals LI Menghui, ZHANG Chi, LIANG Xiaofeng, LI Shixia, LIU Juntian△ 2016, 44 (1):  110-113.  doi: 10.11958/59136 Abstract ( 1067 )   PDF (416KB) ( 3994 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the distribution of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infections among general population in Tianjin. Methods Individuals (n=11 096) who visited our hospital for medical examination and H. Pylori infection screen were included in the research objects. Rapid urease method was utilized to rapidly detect H. pylori infection among the popultion. Individuals were grouped based on their gender, age and occupations, and then were analyzed. Results H. pylori-positive rate was 30.52% (3 386/11 096) in 11 096 individuals, in which there were 34.77% (1 784/5 131) male and 26.86% (1 602/5 965) female respectively. Individuals were divided into 5 groups according to their ages: 19 to 29 years old group, 30 to 39 years old group, 40 to 49 years old group, 50 to 59 years old group, 60 to 69 years old group and 70 to 92 years old group. The positive rates of H. pylori increased with age: 19.50% ( 379/1 944 ) in 19-29 years old group, 25.82% (650/2 517 ) in 30-39 years old group, 31.59% ( 908/2 874 ) in 40-49 years old group, 37.48% (915/2 441 ) in 50-59 years old group, 41.09% ( 353/859 ) in 60-69 years old group and 39.18% (181/462) in 70-92 years old group. The differences in positive rates between different age groups were all of statistically significant (P < 0.05). Individuals were also divided into seven groups according to their occupations: medical worker group, worker group, teacher group, engineer group, clerk group, civil worker group and other career group. The positive rates of H. pylori infection were 25.42% （586/2 305） , 29.35% （1 062/3 618） , 30.61% （360/1 176） , 32.49% （116/357） , 33.44% （205/613） , 34.52% （455/1 318） and 35.23% （602/1 709） respectively. The positive rate was 25.42% (586/2 305) medical workers, which was lower than that of other occupation groups with significant difference (P < 0.002). Conclusion Good management of H. pylori diagnosis and treatment in mid⁃ dle age and elderly together with popularizing knowledge of H.pylori prevention can effectively reduce H.pylori incidence. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

New progress in the study of protein kinase C（PKC）inhibitors WU Jing1,YANG Rui 2,LIU Shuye1△ 2016, 44 (1):  114-117.  doi: 10.11958/20150079 Abstract ( 879 )   PDF (343KB) ( 4152 )   Abstract: Protein kinase C (PKC) is a group of phospholipid-dependent serine/threonine protein kinases, which togeth⁃ er with protein kinase A (PKA) and protein kinase G (PKG) constitute a superfamily of serine/threonine protein kinase AGC. PKC includes classic PKC, novel PKC, atypical PKC and some members of kinase associated with PKC (PRK). PKC is wide⁃ ly distributed in mammalian tissues and cells, which plays an important biological role in growth and metabolism, prolifera⁃ tion and differentiation of cells. A series of studies have demonstrated that variations of multiple cells, occurrence and devel⁃ opment of diseases are related to the abnormal expression of PKC. Therefore, designing and searching for efficient PKC inhib⁃ itors have very important implications for synthesis of many kinds of effective drugs and treatment of a variety of clinical dis⁃ eases including cancer, cardiovascular, and hypertension, et al. In recent years, the research on PKC inhibitors has become the focus of domestic and foreign research. A large number of literatures have reported many kinds of effective PKC inhibi⁃ tors, and analyzed their function site, mechanism, clinical trial data and so on. The discovery of these PKC inhibitors has im⁃ portant implications for structural analysis of PKC and the treatment of diseases. So in this paper, the efficient PKC inhibi⁃ tors are summarized. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research progress on RLRs in the treatment of multiple sclerosis LIU Lu, DU Fangteng, WEN Yi, ZHANG Jixiang△ 2016, 44 (1):  117-120.  doi: 10.11958/58834 Abstract ( 863 )   PDF (314KB) ( 4232 )   Abstract: At present, the etiology and pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis are unclear. RIG-Ⅰ-like receptors are a new⁃ ly discovered pattern recognition receptors (RLRs), which are located in cytoplasm. They can recognize the helicase of viral dsRNAs, and interact with interferon beta promoter stimulator (IPS)-1 through their caspase activation recruitment domain (CARD), then form IPS-1 signalsome and induce the expression of interferon type Ⅰ (Ⅰ-IFN), thereby initiate innate im⁃ mune response and induce antiviral response. Recent studies have found that mice lacking IPS-1 would develop exacerbated disease and accompanied by markedly higher inflammation, increasing axonal damage and demyelination. Furthermore, initi⁃ ating the RIG-Ⅰ-like helicase receptor on the immune cells can alleviate inflammation and myelin fracture in multiple scle⁃ rosis of mouse model, thus limit the incidence of paralysis. This paper is a review about the research progress on RLRs in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Related Articles | Metrics

Review

Select

The research progress of interleukin 7 receptor in the development of lymphocytes and pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis CAI Shijiao, LI Yuhao△ 2016, 44 (1):  121-123.  doi: 10.11958/58840 Abstract ( 771 )   PDF (275KB) ( 4185 )   △Corresponding Author E-mail： liyuhao@nankai.edu.cn Abstract: Interleukin 7 receptor (IL7R) is a transmembrane receptor that belongs to the type Ⅰ cytokine receptor fami⁃ ly. It consists of the cytokine-specific α-chain (IL7Rα, CD127) and the shared common cytokine γ-chain (γc, CD132). IL-7R is expressed in various cell types, including lymphoid precursor cells, pro-B cells, T cells, thymocytes, dendritic cells, myeloid cells and monocytes. Under physiological conditions, IL7R is a vital cytokine for development and survival of T and B cells. IL7R plays a key role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene encoding IL7Rα have emerged through genetic studies of MS patients. In experimental autoimmune encephalomy⁃ elitis (EAE) mouse model of MS, treatment with neutralizing anti-IL7Rα antibody results in significant improvement of EAE. Therefore, IL7R may serve as a novel target for MS therapies. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of maternal obesity on the offspring DUAN Yang1,SUN Fuqiang1,LIU Geli 2△ 2016, 44 (1):  124-126.  doi: 10.11958/58828 Abstract ( 1205 )   PDF (277KB) ( 3899 )   Abstract:The prevalence of maternal obesity has risen dramatically in recent years. Maternal obesity increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, and can lead to chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, the change of cell factor homeostasis. The metabolic status of maternal obesity in the pre-pregnancy and pregnancy can alter the level of DNA methylation in the placenta, change the fetal programming, influence the pregnancy outcomes, and increase the risk of obesity related metabolic syndrome and other chronic diseases of offspring. Actively preventing and intervening in the maternal obesity can reduce the adverse pregnancy outcomes and increase the survival quality of the offspring. References | Related Articles | Metrics