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15 February 2016, Volume 44 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Progress and thinking on the management of lipids SUN Genyi 2016, 44 (2):  129-132.  doi: 10.11958/20150125 Abstract ( 1246 )   PDF (361KB) ( 4063 )   Atherosclerosis is the pathological basis of coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke and peripheral vascular disease (atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, ASCVD). Blood cholesterol levels are closely related to ASCVD. The prevalence and mortality of cardiovascular disease are increasing in China, which is a difficult task. The lipid management goal is to reduce the risk of ASCVD. Atherogenic cholesterol-non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) are used as the primary targets of therapy, which may be more appropriate for lipid management setting dislipidaemia value applied to Chinese clinic. Lifestyle intervention is the basis of lipid management. Effective prevention and treatment of ASCVD require the comprehensive intervention of risk factors. Related Articles | Metrics

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The role of roscovitine in tunicamycin induced podocyte injury GAO Xiang1, 2, ZHANG Yue3, ZHANG Ai′jin1, FU Peng1, LI Jialin1, WU Jian1, LIU Wei1△ 2016, 44 (2):  133-137.  doi: 10.11958/59025 Abstract ( 1019 )   PDF (543KB) ( 4049 )   Objective To observe the protective effects of roscovitine on the podocyte injury induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) caused by tunicamycin. Methods The differentiated podocytes cultured at 37 ℃ were randomly divided into: (1) Control group, DMSO group and tunicamycin group (TM, 1.0 μmol/L). The treatment was given for 3, 6 and 12 hours in three groups. (2) For control group, tunicamycin group, tunicamycin+roscovitine group (20, 40 μmol/L, TM+ROS), the treatment was given for 12 hours. The podocyte apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and TUNEL method. The expressions of Cdk5, GRP78, Caspase-12 and CHOP were detected by Western blot assay. Results (1) Compared with control group and DMSO group, the podocyte apoptosis was increased significantly in a time dependent manner after tunicamycin treatment in TM group; the protein expressions of Cdk5, GRP78, Caspase-12 and CHOP were also up-regulated significantly in TM group (P < 0.05). (2) Flow cytometry and TUNEL analysis showed that tunicamycin induced apoptosis in podo⁃ cytes, which was significantly inhibited by roscovitine in a concentration dependent manner in TM+ROS group as compared to that of TM group (P < 0.05). The protein expressions of GRP78, Caspase-12 and CHOP were also significantly decreased in a concentration dependent manner in TM+ROS group compared to those of TM group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Roscovi⁃ tine, the inhibitor of Cdk5, can reduce the podocyte apoptosis induced by tunicamycin. The protective effects of roscovitine on podocytes can be a novel approach of treating diabetic nephropathy. Related Articles | Metrics

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The comparison on pluripotent differentiation between human gingival fibroblasts and human periodontal ligament cells in vitro SU Rui, SONG Liting, DONG Yunyun, DENG Jiayin, JIANG Shaoyun △ 2016, 44 (2):  137-141.  doi: 10.11958/20150183 Abstract ( 1180 )   PDF (688KB) ( 4109 )   Objective To investigate the the multi-directional differentiation potential between pluripotent of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and human periodontal ligament cells (HPDLCs). Methods HPDLCs and HGFs were obtained from the primary culture. HPDLCs and HGFs at 3rd-4th passage were cultured in osteogenic, adipogenic or chondrogenic medium. Cells without differentiation were taken as control. Alizarin red, Alcian blue and oil red O staining were performed to detect osteogenic differentiation, chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation in vitro, respectively. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was applied to examine the expression of osteocalcin (OCN), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and collagen 1 (Col 1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 2 (PPARγ2) and collagen 10 (Col 10). Results HPDLCs and HGFs cultured in osteogenic medium showed massive calicium nodulus at day 28, but HP⁃ DLCs formed more calicium nodulus than those of HGFs. The expressions of OCN, RUNX2 and Col 1 were significantly higher in HPDLCs than those in HGFs (P＜0.05). In chondrogenic medium both cells were found blue deposit at day 14, and the expression of Col 10 was significantly higher in HGFs than that of HPDLCs (P＜0.01). Furthermore, in adipogenic medium HGFs showed more lipid-filled droplets stained with oil red O than HPDLCs at day 21. The expression of PPARγ2 was significantly higher in HGFs than that of HPDLCs (P＜0.01). Conclusion HPDLCs has the better potency of osteogenic differetiation than HGFs, however, HGFs has the better potency of adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Inhibition effects of paclitaxel/NLS-KALA-SA nanoparticles on A549 cell line in vitro WU Yuan1, GU Jiwei2, JING Hongying2, GUO Yuzhi2, WANG Jing2, YAN Chengyun1,2△ 2016, 44 (2):  142-145.  doi: 10.11958/59151 Abstract ( 1152 )   PDF (627KB) ( 3949 )   Objective To observe NLS-KALA-SA-PTX (NKSP) for lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 in vitro with paclitaxel monotherapy, and the mechanism thereof. Methods MTT assay was used to detect A549 cell proliferation influenced by different concentrations of NKSP (20, 40, 80, 100 μg/L) and paclitaxel monotherapy (20, 40, 80, 100 μg/L) for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h.. Subsequent experiments were divided into four groups, namely, group A (without any drug treatment), group B (added polypeptide 80 μg/L of self-assembled nanoparticles, NKS), group C (80 μg/L paclitaxel monotherapy) and group D (80 μg/L NKSP). Flow cytometry was used to detect the cell apoptotic rates after 48 h and 72 h treatment in four groups. Western blot assay was used to analyse the protein expressions of bax and caspase-3 after 48 h and 72 h treatment in four groups. Results Both paclitaxel monotherapy and NKSP can inhibit the proliferation of A549 cells. The inhibitory rates of paclitaxel monotherapy group at 48 h and 72 h and NKSP group at 72 h showed an increasing trend in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). After treatment for 48 hours, the apoptotic rate was significantly higher in D group than that of C group (P < 0.05). But the apoptotic rate at 72 h was lower in D group than that of C group (P < 0.05). The protein expressions of bax and caspase-3 at 48 h were significantl lower in D group than those of C group, which were higher at 72 h in D group than those of C group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Compared to paclitaxel monotherapy group, NKS promotes slow release of paclitaxol, which reduces the cytotoxicity and extends the antitumor effects. Related Articles | Metrics

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Serum amyloid A induces the formation of NETs SU Huihui1, WAN Chunyou2, WEI Wei3, MENG Haimei1, JIAO Yachong1, XING Donghong, ZHENG Fang1△ 2016, 44 (2):  146-148.  doi: 10.11958/20150240 Abstract ( 1234 )   PDF (364KB) ( 4114 )   Objective To explore whether serum amyloid A (SAA) can induce the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps（NETs）in neutrophils in vitro. Methods A stable method for inducing NETs formation in vitro was established, including isolation of peripheral blood neutrophils, cell culture, and NETs formation and observation. The neutrophils were iso⁃ lated from peripheral blood of healthy volunteers. And cells were cultured in vitro and classified into three groups: negative control (NC) group, SAA group and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group. Following the distinct stimulation in three groups, NETs formation was observed and its percentage was calculated. The concentration of hinstone (h) 3 in supernatant was detected by ELISA. Results The purification and vitality of isolated neutrophils were both more than 95%. The nuclei of neutrophils lost their shape and spread, NETs formation was found. More NETs formation was found in SAA group than that in NC group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the concentration of h3 in supernatant was significantly higher in SAA group than that in NC group (P < 0.05). Conclusion SAA can induce the formation of NETs in vitro. Related Articles | Metrics

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The inhibitory effects of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid on the malignant phenotypes of ovarian carcinoma cells CHANG Xingsheng1， ZHENG Huachuan2，ZHAO Shuang2， GOU Wenfeng2， YANG Xuefeng2,LIU Xiaojuan1△ 2016, 44 (2):  149-154.  doi: 10.11958/58778 Abstract ( 841 )   PDF (1357KB) ( 3930 )   Objective To explore the effects and molecular mechanisms of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) on ovarian carcinoma. Methods （1）Two groups of ovarian carcinoma cell lines (SKOV3 and SKOV3/DDP, HO8910 and HO8910-PM) were exposed to SAHA (1, 3, 5 and 7 μmol/L SAHA， group 1-group 4). CCK-8 method was employed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of SAHA.（2） Ovarian cancer cell lines treated with SAHA (2 or 5 μmol/L SAHA) were used as 1 and 2 groups. Flow cytometry was performed following staining with Annexin V-FITC and PI for cell cycle and apoptosis.（3） Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot assay were used to assess the mRNA and protein expression levels of phenotypic correlation factor. Results （1） After 48 h of SAHA treatment， the OD value of SKOV3， SKOV3/DDP， and HO8910 showed a trend of gradually reduce (P＜0.05).（2） The apoptotic rates were significantly higher in SAHA 1 and SAHA 2 groups than those of control group (P＜0.05). Compared with control group, after 48 h of SAHA treatment， S phase and G2/M phase of SKOV3 and SKOV3/DDP cells increased； G0/G1 phase of HO8910 and HO8910-PM cells increased in SAHA 1 and 2 groups (P < 0.05).（3） The expression levels of CyclinB1 and Cdc2 (p34) mRNA were significantly lower in SAHA 1 and 2 groups than those of control group， while the expression levels of Caspase-3， p21 and p53 mRNA expression were significantly higher in SAHA 1 and 2 groups than those of control group. Furthermore， the expression of Ac-Histone H3， Ac-Histone H4，p53 protein were markedly improved， and CyclinB1， Cdc2(p34) protein decreased in SAHA 1- 4 groups. Conclusion SAHA may suppress cell growth, induce apoptosis and cause cycle arrest in ovarian carcinoma cells by promoting histone acetylation or modulating their phenotype-related proteins of Caspase-3, p53, CyclinB1 and Cdc2(p34). Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect of miRNA-7 on chemoresistance in esophageal cancer cell TE-1 WEN Shuang1， YANG Xiaoyu2， ZHANG Min1， CHU Xiufeng1， ZHONG Genshen3， JI Yinghua1△， LU Ping1△ 2016, 44 (2):  155-158.  doi: 10.11958/58919 Abstract ( 1049 )   PDF (810KB) ( 3998 )   Objective To explore the impacts of over-expression of microRNA-7 (miRNA-7) on the sensitivity of cisplatin in esophageal carcinoma cell line TE-1, and the possible mechanism thereof. Methods Lipofectmin 2000 method was used to transient transfect with miRNA-7 mimic into esophageal cancer cell line TE-1, which was taken as transfection group, mimic negative control was taken as transfection conrtol group. The expressions of miRNA- 7 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA were detected by RT-PCR in the above two groups and normal control group. The total EGFR and EGFR in cytoplasmic and nucleus were detected with Western blot assay in transfection group and transfection control group. CCK-8 was used to detect IC50 of cisplatin in transfection group and transfection control group. The expression of EGFR was observed with immunofluorescence confocal microscope in two groups. Results The miRNA-7 expression was significantly increased in transfection group than that of transfection conrtol group and control group. The expression of EGFR mRNA was significantly reduced in transfection group (P＜0.001). The total EGFR was significantly decreased in transfection group than that of transfection conrtol group. The level of nuclear EGFR was significantly increased (P＜0.01)， and cytoplasm EGFR expression was significantly decreased in transfection group than that of transfection control group (P＜0.05). CCK-8 results showed that after the over expression of miRNA-7 in TE-1, the IC50 of cisplatin (48 h) increased in transfection group than that of control group (P＜0.01). Immunofluorescence results showed that EGFG in nuclear was higher in transfection group than that of transfection control group but its expressions reduced in cell membrane and cytoplasm. Conclusion The over-expressed miRNA-7 in esophageal cancer cells TE-1 can reduce cisplatin sensitivity by the increased EGFR in nuclear translocation. Related Articles | Metrics

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The effects of different concentrations of sevoflurane on proliferation and invasion in human prostate cancer cells WANG Guowu, LI Chao, HU Xiaoling 2016, 44 (2):  159-161.  doi: 10.11958/58038 Abstract ( 1060 )   PDF (333KB) ( 5879 )   Objective To investigate the effects of different concentrations of sevoflurane on proliferation and invasion in human prostate cancer PC3 cell line. Methods The cells were randomly divided into four groups： control group and three sevoflurane groups (exposed to 1.7%, 3.4% and 5.1% sevollurane for 2, 4 and 6 h respectively). The ability of prolifera⁃ tion and invasion of PC3 cells were evaluated by MTT and Transwell invasion assays. Western blot analysis was performed to detect the protein expression of hypoxia inducing factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) in PC3 cells. Results The ability of proliferation and invasion of PC3 cells was significantly increased after being exposed to sevollurane for 2, 4 and 6 h (P＜0.05), and the expression of HIF-1α protein in PC3 cells was significantly higher after being exposed to sevollurane for 2， 4 and 6 h (P＜ 0.05), showing the Treat 3 group＞ Treat 2 group＞Treat 1 group (P＜0.05). Conclusion Sevoflurane can promote prolifer⁃ ation and invasion in PC3 cells, which are gradually increased with time and concentration of sevoflurane treatment. The mechanism may involve in the up-regulation of HIF-1α expression． Related Articles | Metrics

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miR-200a inhibits cell proliferation by targeting AP-2γ expression in neuroblastoma cells SK-N-AS GAO Shunli, WANG Lizhong, LIU Haiying, LIU Danli 2016, 44 (2):  162-165.  doi: 10.11958/56744 Abstract ( 1259 )   PDF (462KB) ( 3898 )   Objective To investigate whether miR-200a suppresses cell proliferation by targeting AP-2γ expression, and reveal molecular mechanism that miR-200a functions as a tumor-suppressor in neuroblastoma cells. Methods Dualluciferase reporter gene assay was employed to examine the effect of miR-200a on AP-2γ promotor luciferase activity. Neu⁃ roblastoma cells were transfected with miR-200a mimics, and the expressions of AP-2γ mRNA and protein were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot assay. The effects of AP-2γ down-regulation on cell proliferation were observed after AP-2γ shRNA was transfected into neuroblastoma cells. Neuroblastoma cell proliferation was detected by MTS assay after being cotransfected with miR-200a mimics and AP-2γ plasmid. Results Results showed that miR-200a could inhibit proliferation of neuroblastoma cells at cell viability (66.33±5.13) compared with that of control group (100±0), and also miR-200a can bind to the 3′untranslated region of AP -2γ promotor and inhibit its luciferase activity with an inhibit ratio at (0.624±0.051). AP-2γ mRNA and protein expressions were significantly down-regulated when miR-200a was over-expressed in neuroblas⁃ toma cells. Furthermore, results showed that shRNA-mediated down-regulation of AP-2γ that suppressed the cell prolifera⁃ tion of neuroblastoma at (62.5±2.4) by comparing with the control group (100±0). Moreover, restoring AP-2γ expression re⁃ versed the effect of miR-200a with a cell viability suppression at (92.4±1.4). Conclusion miR-200a suppresses cell prolif⁃ eration by targeting AP-2γ expression in neuroblastoma cells. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of chronic lead exposure on expression of XRCC1 gene mRNA and its relationships with oxidative stress in brain tissues of rats LI Weijuan1,2, REN Qingfeng1,3, XU Qunying1, ZHANG Zhongwei1, LI Wei1, FENG Jiangao1, REN Xiaohui1, XIAO Yuanmei1? 2016, 44 (2):  166-169.  doi: 10.11958/20150151 Abstract ( 939 )   PDF (339KB) ( 3835 )   Objective To observe the effects of lead exposure through drinking water on the expression of XRCC1 mRNA in cerebral cortex, cerebellum and hippocampus of rats and its relationship with oxidative stress. Methods Forty SD rats were divided randomly into five groups: control group and four exposure groups (100 mg/L, 200 mg/L, 400 mg/L and 800 mg/L lead acetate for 60 days respectively). The expression of XRCC1 mRNA in brain was detected by RT-PCR technique after separation of cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and hippocampus. At the same time, lead content in brain tissue and catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were also detected. Results Compared with control group, the expression of XRCC1 mRNA, content of lead and H2O2 levels were significantly higher in cerebral cortex, cerebellum and hippocampus of exposure groups (P < 0.05), whereas the contents of CAT and GSH were significantly lower (P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between lead level and the expression of XRCC1 mRNA in cerebral cortex, cerebellum and hippocampus of exposure groups (r=0.608, 0.438 and 0.470， P＜0.01). There was a negative correlation between the lead level and CAT and GSH (r=-0.343, -0.465、 -0.423, -0.383, -0.489 and -0.366， P＜0.05). A positive relationship was found between the lead level and H2O2 (r=0.455, 0.517 and 0.342， P＜0.05). Conclusion Lead exposure can affect the expression of mRNA gene in XRCC1 through inducing cell oxidative stress. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of lead exposure through drinking water on expression of APE1 protein and their relationships with oxidative stress in brain tissues of rats REN Qingfeng1,2, LI Weijuan1,3, XU Qunying1, ZHANG Zhongwei1, LI Wei1, FENG Jiangao1, REN Xiaohui1, XIAO Yuanmei1? 2016, 44 (2):  170-173.  doi: 10.11958/20150148 Abstract ( 697 )   PDF (310KB) ( 3760 )   Objective To observe the effects of lead exposure through drinking water on the expression of APE1 pro⁃ tein in cerebral cortex, cerebellum and hippocampus of rats and its relationship with oxidative stress. Methods Forty weaned male SD rats were randomly assigned to five groups (control group and four exposure groups) according to body weights of rats. Rats in control group were given deionized water as drinking water. Rats in four exposure groups were given 100 mg/L, 200 mg/L, 400 mg/L and 800 mg/L lead acetate solution for 60 days. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), the contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in cortex, cerebellum and hippocampus were measured using kits. The protein level of APE1 in cortex, cerebellum and hippocampus were detected by Western blotting assay. Results After being exposed to lead, the APE1 protein levels were significantly decreased in cortex, cerebellum and hippocampus (P < 0.05). The protein level showed a trend of gradual decline with the increase of exposed lead (P < 0.05). With the increase of dye lead dose, the activity of SOD in cortex, cerebellum and hippocampus showed a downward trend, while the contents of H2O2 and MDA showed a rising trend. The activity of SOD was positively correlated with APE1 protein level in cortex, cerebellum and hippocampus (r=0.619, 0.380 and 0.375， P < 0.05). While the contents of H2O2 and MDA were neg⁃ atively correlated with APE1 protein level in cortex, cerebellum and hippocampus (r=-0.472, -0.535, -0.436, -0.514, -0.486 and - 0.316， P < 0.05). Conclusion Lead exposure through drinking water can affect the expression of APE1 protein through inducing oxidative stress in brain tissues of rats. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of DNA methylation with 5-Azac induced immune hyporesponsiveness following acute graft-versus-host disease ZHANG Xiaoning， ZHAO Yuxia， WANG Jianhai， MIAO Xuhong， LI Keqiu， LI Guang△ 2016, 44 (2):  173-177.  doi: 10.11958/20150153 Abstract ( 954 )   PDF (630KB) ( 4197 )   Objective To analyse the change of DNA methylation with 5-Azac injection in acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) mouse model, which received allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, and explore the immunomodulatory effects of 5-Azac. Methods Male C57BL/6 (H-2b） and female BALB/c (H-2d) mice were selected as donor and recipient of complete allotransplantation. BABL/c mice were divided into two groups, transplantation control group and 5-Azac experi⁃ mental group. At 1-7, 14, 21 and 28-day after transplantion, 5-Azac 0.25 mg/kg (0.3 mL/time) was injected by tail vein in experimental group, while the control group were injected with sterile water 0.3 mL/time. Peripheral blood DNA samples were collected from three control mice and three experimental mice, then mixed with equal amount respectively. The MeDIPseq method was selected to detect methylation changes in mice, and the differential DNA methylation in the biological pathways was analyzed. Results The survival time was prolonged, and the rejection reaction was decreased in 5-Azac experi⁃ mental group, which suggested immune hyporesponsiveness post aGVHD. The MeDIP-seq result showed that 369 different DNA methylation located in the promoter regions, including 239 up-regulated genes and 130 down-regulated genes. There were 184 differential DNA methylation genes located in the exon regions, including 113 up-regulated genes and 71 downregulated genes. Differential DNA methylation genes involved in 10 immunological signaling pathways, respectively. Among them, TGF-β, GSK-3β, SYK, PI3K, NFAT, CD28 and α4β7 were closely related to the development of aGVHD. Conclusion 5-Azac can effectively induce immune hyporesponsiveness post aGVHD by changing the gene methylation status. Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of different ways of perfusion on the survival rate of small-for-size liver transplantation in rats YANG Chao1, ZHANG Yamin2△, CUI Zilin2, LIU Zirong1, SHI Yuan2, SHEN Zhongyang2 2016, 44 (2):  178-181.  doi: 10.11958/20150129 Abstract ( 683 )   PDF (702KB) ( 3822 )   Objective To investigate the effects of different hepatic perfusion procedures for small-for-size liver transplantation in rats. Methods A total of 156 rats were randomly divided into two groups: portal vein perfusion group (groupⅠ, n=78) and abdominal aorta perfusion group (group Ⅱ, n=78). After harvesting graft, the left lobe of the liver and the middle lobe were resected and the remaining approximately 30% volumes of the liver were transplanted in group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ. The body weights of donor and acceptor, the weight of graft, the time of operating in donor, the cold ischemia time, anhepatic phase, the blocking time of inferior hepatic vena cava and the time of operating in receptor were recorded in two groups. The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), pathological HE staining and 7-day survival rate in 6 h, 1 d, 3 d and 7 d after operation were compared between two groups. Results The serum levels of ALT and AST were decreased gradually in two groups, but the levels decreased slowly in group Ⅰ. The serum levels of ALT and AST were significantly higher in group Ⅰ than those of group Ⅱ (P＜0.05). HE staining showed greater damage of mi⁃ crostructure of liver tissue at early stage in group Ⅰ than that in group Ⅱ. The 7-day survival rate was lower in group Ⅰ than that of group Ⅱ (χ2=4.050， P=0.044). Conclusion There is a higher survival rate and mild liver damage in small-forsize liver transplantation in rats using perfusion by abdominal aorta. Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental study of combination of mild hypothermia and fibrin scaffold carrying neural stem cells on repairing traumatic brain injury LIAO Yuping1， 2, CHEN Chong1, LI Xiaohong1, WANG Jingjing1, CHEN Yisheng1, ZHANG Sai1, SUN Hongtao1△ 2016, 44 (2):  181-184.  doi: 10.11958/58859 Abstract ( 834 )   PDF (862KB) ( 4080 )   Objective To investigate the possibility of therapy method in orthotropic transplant fibrin scaffold mixedneural stem cells (NSCs) after traumatic brain injury (TBI), and combined effects of that fibrin scaffold with mild hypothermia (MHT) on TBI in rats. Methods Neural stem cells were separated from E14 Sprague-Dawley rats, and were co-cultured with fibrin scaffold. Scanning electron microscope was used for observing neural stem cell surface morphology in fibrin scaf⁃ fold, and immunofluorescent staining was introduced for detecting cell types. Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: TBI group (A), TBI+NSC group (B), TBI+MHT group (C) and TBI+NSC+MHT group (D). TBI model was built with fluid percussion device in group A. Group B was treated with fibrin scaffold carrying neural stem cells after TBI. Group C was treated with MHT for 6 hours after TBI. Fibrin scaffold mixed BrdU labeled neural stem cells were co-transplanted into cortex damage area of group D and mild hypothermia was given for 6 hours. mNSS (modified neuro⁃ logical severity score) and Morris water maze were examined to evaluate the neurologic function at 14 and 28 days after TBI. The rats were sacrificed at 28 days for brain slices. Immunofluorescent staining was used to examine the migration and differ⁃ ention of NSCs in vivo. Results No obvious morphology changes were observed in NSCs, which were co-cultured in fibrin scaffold. The specific marker Nestin was expressed in detected NSCs by immunofluorescence, which indicated that NSCs were still alive in the co-coture fibrin scaffold. The mNSS scores were significantly lower in group D than those of groupA, B and C at day-14 and day-28 (P < 0.05). Results of Morris water maze showed that the escape latency was significantly short⁃ er in group D than that of group A, B and C (P < 0.05). BrdU labled NSCs was found differentiated into neurons in group D at day 28. Conclusion Fibrin scaffold and NSCs have a good biocompatibility and biodegradablity. MHT and fibrin scaffold jointed NSCs improve neurologic function in rat TBI model with the synergistic reaction. Related Articles | Metrics

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Therapeutic effects of Bu-shen-he-mai-fang (HMF) on inflammation in atherosclerosis Abdulai Fallah Tengbeh1， HAO Qingqing1,2， CHEN Xu1， CAO Xinran1， WANG Ying1， XU Feifei1， 2016, 44 (2):  185-187.  doi: 10.11958/59129 Abstract ( 1491 )   PDF (484KB) ( 3975 )   Objective To observe the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Bu-shen-he-mai-fang (HMF) on experi⁃ mental atherosclerosis (AS) in apolipoprotein-E knockout（ApoE-/-）mice. Methods Twenty-four male ApoE-/- mice were randomly divided into three groups including high-fat group (0.25% cholesterol and 15% cocoa butter), HMF group [(highfat diet + HMF decoction 1.37 g/(kg·d)] and atrovastatin group [(high-fat diet + atrovastatin 5 mg/(kg·d)], 8 mice for each group. The serum level of lipid was evaluated by a kit. The extent of AS was evaluated by HE staining. The macrophage infiltration and expression of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. Results The serum level of lipid was lower in HMF group and atrovastatin group than that in high-fat group (P＜0.05). The degree of AS was significantly lower in HMF group and atrovastatin group than that in high-fat group. The macrophage infiltration, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8 expressions were significantly lower in HMF group and atrovastatin group than those in high-fat group (P＜0.05). Conclusion The results suggest that HMF significantly inhibits early atherosclerotic lesions by lowering serum lipid level and inhibiting inflammatory response. Related Articles | Metrics

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The therapeutic effect of quercetin on gouty arthritis and its influence in renal function in rats HUANG Jingqun1, ZHANG Junyong 2, LI Weizhong 3, ZHANG Liang 1, GAO Ying 1, LI Guang 1 2016, 44 (2):  188-192.  doi: 10.11958/58360 Abstract ( 1802 )   PDF (1278KB) ( 4574 )   Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of quercetin on acute gouty arthritis and its influence in renal function in rats. Methods Seventy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, colchicine group (0.5 mg/kg), allopurinol group (20 mg/kg), quercetin 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg groups (n=10 for each group). Rats were administered various drugs by oral gavage once a day for seven consecutive days throughout the experiment. On the fifth day, the animal model of acute arthritis was set up by giving monosodium urate crystal combined with hypo⁃ xanthine. The inflammatory reaction was detected by measuring the circumference of right hind leg anklejoint with a tie line method at 0, 2, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h. The swelling ratio was calculated. The serum levels of uric acid (UA), β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), cystatin C (Cys-C), urea nitrogen (Urea) and creatinine (Cr) were detected by colorimetry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Rats were sacrificed at the end of experiment, and the kidney was weighed and the renal index was calcu⁃ lated. Results Treatment with quercetin, colchicine or allopurinol can significantly attenuate swelling rate in rats of acute gouty arthritis. The serum levels of UA were significantly higher in colchicine group and quercetin group than those of nor⁃ mal control group and allopurinol group. The serum levels of UA was significantly lower in allopurinol group than that of normal control group. After 48-h modeling, there was no significant difference in serum UA level between seven groups except allopurinol group. The levels of β2-MG and Cys-C were the lowest in normal control group than those of other groups. The serum levels of Urea and Cr and renal index were the highest in allopurinol group compared with those of other groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion Quercetin shows a significant effect of anti-inflammatory on acute gouty arthritis in rats. The model es⁃ tablishment may lead to different degrees of renal damage. Quercetin has no protective effect against renal injury, and allopurinol aggravates kidney injury. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide on insulin resistance in offspring rats HUANG Congfu, HAO Xueqin， DENG Wen△ 2016, 44 (2):  193-196.  doi: 10.11958/59112 Abstract ( 1098 )   PDF (321KB) ( 4102 )   Objective To explore the effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on insulin resistance in adult offspring rats. Methods Nulliparous, time-matched Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups (n= 10 for each group): control group and LPS group. On the pregnant day 8, 10 and 12, rats in control group and LPS group were administered intraperitoneally with saline 0.5 mL or LPS 0.40 mg/kg, respectively. The blood levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin and Leptin were detected at 90 days of age in offspring. The steady state insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and insulin sensitivity index (QUICKI) were evaluated in adult offspring rats. Results Compared with the control group, blood levels of FPG (mmol/L: 7.72±0.42 vs 7.02±0.42), insulin (mIU/L: 8.78±4.10 vs 1.51±0.27) and Leptin (μg/L: 3.88± 1.40 vs 1.00±0.33) were significantly increased in offsping of LPS group, as well as HOMA-IR (3.01±1.41 vs 0.47±0.09) in⁃ creased, while QUICKI (0.57±0.07 vs 0.99±0.08) decreased in offsping of LPS-treated rats. Conclusion Prenatal exposure to LPS can result in abnormality of insulin resistance in offspring rats. Related Articles | Metrics

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Establishment and evaluation of rat model of cardiac insufficiency complicated with diabetes mellitus LI Tianle1,LI Tong 2△, HU Xiaomin2, YANG Fan2,WANG Lihong3,YANG Ling2 2016, 44 (2):  196-199.  doi: 10.11958/59135 Abstract ( 901 )   PDF (676KB) ( 3830 )   Objective To establish a rat model of cardiac insufficiency complicated with diabetes mellitus (DM), and to meet the needs of clinical and laboratory studies. Methods Forty-five male specific pathogen free (SPF) rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group (A, n=10 ), coarctation of the aorta (AAC) group (B, n=10), AAC+DM group (C, n=25). The model of cardiac insufficiency with abdominal aortic constriction was establish in B and C groups. After two months of AAC, rats of group C were randomly divided into five subgroups and treated with different doses of streptozotocin (STZ) respectively(40, 45, 50, 55 and 60 mg/kg). The dynamic changes of general condition and weights were observed during the process of experiment. The blood glucose levels of 72 h and 4 week after STZ injection were detected. The echocardiograph and cardiac pathology changes were evaluated after 1 month of STZ injection. Results The general data including blood glucose levels, echocardiographic findings and myocardial tissue microscopic morphology were compared be⁃tween different doses of STZ groups. The 45 mg/kg STZ was considered for more stable model of cardiac dysfunction complicated with diabetes mellitus. Conclusion The rat model of cardiac insufficiency complicated with diabetes mellitus is established by single dose injection of 45 mg/kg STZ after two-month AAC, which is a simple, reliable and high stability method. Related Articles | Metrics

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EML4-ALK and EGFR mutation status and survival analysis in Uygur with stage Ⅳ NSCLC WANG Qiang1， ZHANG Qiao1， CAO Yanzhen2， TAO Jie1， SHAN Li1△ 2016, 44 (2):  200-204.  doi: 10.11958/58911 Abstract ( 1253 )   PDF (532KB) ( 4287 )   Objective To investigate the relationship between the echinoderm microtubule associated protein like 4- anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK) and epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status and overall survival (OS) in Uygur patients with stage Ⅳ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who did not accept tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment. Methods Totally 97 tissue samples were collected from Uygur patients with stage Ⅳ NSCLC who did not accept tyro⁃ sine kinase inhibitor treatment. EML4-ALK fusion gene and EGFR mutation status were detected by using FISH and ARMS methods. The survival rates were analysed. Results In 97 tissue samples, EML4-ALK fusion genes were found in 6 (6.2%) samples, EGFR mutations were found in 26 (26.8%) samples. The survival analysis showed that there was no significant difference in OS between EML4-ALK fusion gene group and no EML4-ALK fusion gene group (P=0.941). There was no significant difference in OS between EGFR mutation group and wild-type EGFR group (P=0.607). The values of median OS were 17.7 months, 17.3 months and 16.2 months for EGFR mutant group, EML4-ALK positive group and EML4-ALK negative+ EGFR wild-type group, and thre was no significant difference between them (P=0.915). Conclusion Excluding the thera⁃ peutic influence in TKIs, EML4-ALK fusion gene and EGFR mutation status of tumor tissue can not be used as an indepen⁃ dent factor in assessing the prognosis in Uygur patients with stage Ⅳ NSCLC. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of clinicopathological features and prognosis in different-age patients with breast cancer treated with breast-conserving therapy MU Lan， XIAO Meng， LIU Weise， LIU Miao， WANG Xin△ 2016, 44 (2):  205-209.  doi: 10.11958/20150088 Abstract ( 1092 )   PDF (433KB) ( 4213 )   Objective To analyze the clinicopathological features and prognosis in patients with breast cancer treated with breast-conserving therapy according to the age when breast cancer diagnosed. Methods Clinical data of 827 patients with breast-conserving therapy in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from October 1997 to May 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. According to age when breast cancer was diagnosed, patients were subdivided into three groups. Clinicopathological characteristics and survival were compared between three groups. Results Of the 827 patients, 129 cases were ≤35 years old, 530 cases were 36-54 years old and 168 cases were aged ≥55 years. The proportion of lymph node metastasis number ≥4 and the negative rate of hormone receptors were higher in patients with age ≤35 years old. The 5-year local regional recurrence-free survival rates were 86.0%, 93.6%, and 94.0% for patients aged ≤ 35 years old, 36-54 years old, and ≥55 years old, respectively (P < 0.01). The 5-year distant metastasis-free survival rates were 88.4%, 91.3%, and 94.6% for patients with age ≤35 years old, 36-54 years old, and ≥55 years old, respectively (P > 0.05). The 5-year over⁃ all survival rates were 91.5%, 94.3%, and 95.2% for patients aged ≤35 years old, 36-54 years old, and ≥55 years old, respec⁃ tively (P > 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that 5-year local regional relapse risks were significantly increased in patients aged ≤35 years compared to patients aged 36-54 years and ≥55 years (P < 0.05), and the 5-year distant metastasis risk was higher in this group than that of patients aged ≥55 years (P = 0.014), while 5-year mortality risk was not increased in patients with age ≤35 years old (P > 0.05). Conclusion After breast-conserving therapy, the risk of 5-year local regional recurrence and distant metastasis are relatively higher in patients aged ≤35 years old, while the risk of mortality within 5 years does not increase in this group. Patients with age ≤35 years old remain appropriate candidates for breast-conserving treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression and clinical significance of Wnt2 and Dvl protein in esophageal aquamous carcinoma#br# WANG Yongtao， WANG Hongjiang△， WANG Xingming， FENG Xue 2016, 44 (2):  210-212.  doi: 10.11958/20150007 Abstract ( 1239 )   PDF (295KB) ( 3924 )   Objective To detect the expressions of Wnt2 and dishevelled (Dvl) protein in esophageal squamous carcinoma, and analyze their relationship with the occurrence and development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods The expression levels of Wnt2 and Dvl protein were detected by Western blot assay in 60 samples of esophageal carcinoma and adjacent non-carcinomatous esophageal tissues, and their relationship with clinical pathological features were analyzed. Results The relative expression levels of Wnt2 and Dvl protein were higher in esophageal squamous carcinoma tissue (0.512 ± 0.406, 1.218±1.082) than those of esophageal tissue adjacent to carcinoma (0.153 ± 0.189, 0.505±0.358). There were significant differences in the expression levels of Wnt2 and Dvl protein between different infiltration depth, different TNM stages, and lymph node metastasis (P＜0.01). There was a positive correlation between Wnt2 and Dvl protein in esophageal squamous carcinoma (r = 0.718, P＜0.01). Conclusion The high expression levels of Wnt2 and Dvl protein promote the development and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas collaboratively via Wnt2 signal transduction path⁃ ways. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of curative effect of the NB09 protocol based on 95 children with stage 4 neuroblastomas ZHONG Benfu, ZHAO Qiang△, YAN Jie, WANG Jingfu, LI Zhanglin, CAO Yanna, LI Jie, LI Zhongyuan, WANG Huijuan 2016, 44 (2):  213-217.  doi: 10.11958/59060 Abstract ( 1236 )   PDF (366KB) ( 4535 )   Objective To assess the outcomes of stage 4 neuroblastomas (NB), and analyze the associated prognostic factors. Methods Ninety-five children with stage 4 NB were retrospectively analyzed. The curative effects and related factors affecting prognosis were compared between NB09 protocol group (n=40) and non-NB09 group (n=55). The median age of 95 children was 48 months (4-136 months), and the median follow-up time was 21 months (4-179 months). Results The total survival rate and progression free survival rate were significantly better in NB09 group than those of non-NB09 group (χ2=6.916 and 0.025， P＜0.05). The univariate analysis showed that treatment plan, pathologival type, bone marrow involvement>20%, N-MYC amplification, surgical extent＜90%, non-therapy of cis-retinoic acid, LDH>1 000 U/L and very good partial remission (VGPR) were the influencing factors for the prognosis in children (P＜0.05). Multivariate regression analy⁃ sis showed that bone marrow involvement>20% was the bad independent prognostic factors for stage 4 patients. Conclusion Children with stage 4 NB treated according to the NB09 protocol have a better prognosis. Children of stage 4 neuro⁃ blastomas with bone marrow involvement >20% have a bad prognosis to current treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Vascular endothelial growth factor and β-human chorionic gonadotropin are associated with trophoblastic invasion into the tubal wall in ectopic pregnancy WANG Dongjie, WU Xiang, WU Xiaomei 2016, 44 (2):  217-220.  doi: 10.11958/59134 Abstract ( 960 )   PDF (388KB) ( 3987 )   Objective To assess the association between the depth of trophoblastic penetration into the tubal wall with serum concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG). Methods Eighty patients with a diagnosis of tubal pregnancy in the ampullary region underwent radical surgical treatment (sal⁃ pingectomy), were included in this study. The serum levels of VEGF and β-HCG were detected on the day of surgery. The se⁃ rum level of VEGF was measured by ELISA. The serum level of β-HCG was quantified with a two-site immunofluorimetric assay based on the direct sandwichtechnique. Histological material was stained with Masson′s trichrome to identify muscular fibers. Immunohistochemical staining was used for human placental lactogen (hPL) to identify intermediate trophoblast and determine the depth of trophoblastic invasion into the tubal wall. The ampullary pregnancies were classified histologically according to the depth of trophoblastic infiltration into the tubal wall. Results The mean serum values of VEGF and β-HCG were significantly lower in patients with stage I tubal infiltration than those of stage Ⅱ, and which were significantly lower in patients with stage Ⅱ than those in stage Ⅲ (P＜0.05). The threshold serum value of VEGF was 308.6 ng/L, the sensitivity was 100.0% and the specificity was 92.6% for stageⅠand stage Ⅱ. The threshold serum value of VEGF was 431.9 ng/L, the sensitivity was 79.3% and specificity was 79.2% for stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ. The threshold serum value of β-hCG was 2 509.6 IU/L, the sensitivity was 91.7% and specificity was 81.5% for stageⅠ and stage Ⅱ, and levels of 13 142.6 IU/L, 72.4% and 95.8% for stage Ⅱ and stage Ⅲ. Conclusion The depth of trophoblastic penetration into the tubal wall is associated with maternal serum concentrations of VEGF and β-HCG, which can be used as the evaluation index for histological staging of trophoblas⁃ tic tissue infiltration. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression and clinicopathological significance of P-JAK2, P-STAT3 and mutant p53 proteins in cervical lesions MA Hui1， YIN Lirong1△， WANG Fang2， LI Honglin2， SHAN Shu2 2016, 44 (2):  221-225.  doi: 10.11958/20150047 Abstract ( 1342 )   PDF (642KB) ( 4079 )   Objective To investigate the expression and prognostic significance of P-JAK2, P-STAT3 and mutant p53 in cervical lesions. Methods A total of 153 cervical biopsies of patients from Gynecology Department, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University were recruited during December 2013 to June 2015. Fifty-seven cases of squamous carcinoma of cervix (SCC), 36 cases of low grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LSIL), 30 patients with high grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HSIL) and 30 cases of normal cervix (NC) were included in the study. Gene chip method was used to detect high-risk human papillpmavirus（HR-HPV） infection. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to make pathological diagnosis. Immunohistochemical assay was used for the detection of P-JAK2, P-STAT3 and mutant type p53 protein expression in cervical lesions. Results (1) HR-HPV infection rate and P-JAK2 expression were significantly higher in SCC group than those of HSIL group, LSIL group and NC group (P < 0.05). (2) The expression of P-STAT3 and mutant type p53 were significantly higher in SCC group than those of LSIL group and NC group (P＜0.05). However, there was no significant difference between SCC group and HSIL group. (3) The positive expressions of P-JAK2 and P-STAT3 showed significant differences in different FIGO stages, histopathological grade, lymph node metastasis and HR-HPV infection in SCC group, respectively (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the positive expression of mutant type p53 between different FIGO stages and HR-HPV infection (P＜0.05). (4) There was positive correlation between P-JAK2, P-STAT3, positive expression of mutant type p53 and HR-HPV infection in SCC tissues (P＜0.05). There was a positive correlation between P-STAT3, p53 expression and HR-HPV infection (P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between mutant p53 expression and HR-HPV infection (P < 0.05). Conclusion P-JAK2, P-STAT3 and mutant p53 protein expression rates are high in SCC group than those of NC and SIL groups, which may be associated with HR-HPV infection, cervical cancer occurrence and progression. Related Articles | Metrics

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The interventional therapy and prognostic analysis of bridge vascular lesions in patients with coronary artery bypass grafting ZHANG Hougao1， GAO Jing2， LIU Yin 2△， SUN Genyi 2 2016, 44 (2):  226-229.  doi: 10.11958/59155 Abstract ( 987 )   PDF (348KB) ( 4214 )   Objective To investigate the native vessel percutaneous coronary intervention (NV-PCI) and bridge vascular interventional therapy (graft-PCI) strategies on prognosis in patients with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), by following up the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Methods A total of 312 patients who relapsed chest pain after the CABG and had a successful interventional treatment were divided into two groups: 215 patients for NVPCI group and 97 patients for graft-PCI group. We observed cardiac death, acute myocardium infarction (AMI) and target vessel revascularization (TVR) after visiting the patients out of hospital for 34 months on average. The risk factors of MACE were analyzed by multivariable Logistic regression after the interventional treatment for the bridge vascular lesions. Results The proportions of patients without MACE, AMI and TVR were significantly higher in NV-PCI group than those in graft-PCI group (P＜0.05). There were no significant differences in death rate and survival rate between two groups (P＜ 0.05). Multivariable Logistic regression analysis showed that age of bridge [OR(95%CI):1.011(1.002-1.020), P=0.017], diabetes mellitus [OR(95%CI):2.375 (1.414-3.989), P=0.001] and graft-PCI [OR(95%CI):1.873(1.090-3.219)，P=0.023] were independent risk factors for prognosis of impacting the bridge vascular interventional treatment. Conclusion The clinical prognosis is much better in NV-PCI group than that of graft-PCI group. The age of bridge, diabetes mellitus and graft-PCI are independent risk factors for clinical prognosis of impacting the bridge vascular interventional treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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The value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in differential diagnosis of cystic renal carcinoma XIN Xiaojie， MAO Yiran，ZHANG Sheng 2016, 44 (2):  230-233.  doi: 10.11958/58950 Abstract ( 1515 )   PDF (503KB) ( 4327 )   Objective To evaluate the values of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in diagnosis of cystic renal cell carcinoma. Methods A total of 73 patients with renal cystic lesions were included in this study. The image features of ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination were analysed. All of patients underwent surgical treatment and had pathological results. The diagnostic values of the ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound were analyzed by evaluating the image features of cystic renal cell carcinoma. Results There were 64 cases of cystic renal cell carcinoma, 9 cases of benign cyst. With ultrasound and color doppler ultrasound， irregular shape, thickness wall, solid ingredients, divisions and more blood flow signals were found in cystic renal cell carcinoma. Renal cyst showed regular shape, few solid component and thin separation and inconspicuous blood flow signals. In contrast-enhanced ultrasound, cystic renal cancer contrast agent appearing time was (15.13±4.21)s, and reached the peak time (23.42±5.68)s, fade time was (28.42±4.27)s. The enhanced mode for fast in and fast out was found in 22 cases (34.3%), fast in and slow out in 30 cases (46.8%), slow in and fast out in 2 cases (3.2%), slow in and slow out in 4 cases (6.4%), and synchronously in and out in 6 cases (9.3%). The hyper-enhancement was found in 42 cases (65.6%), the iso-enhancement and hypo-enhancement in 22 cases (34.4%). In renal cyst, There were three cases out of contrast filling. In other 6 cases, the contrast agent appearing time was (16.67±2.73)s, the peak time was (25.83±3.06)s and fade time was (34.17±4.26)s. The enhanced mode for fast in and fast out was found in 1 case (16.7%), fast in and slow out in 1 case (16.7%) and synchronously in and out in 4 cases (66.6%). The hyper-enhancement was found in 2 cases (33.3%), the iso-enhancement and hypo-enhancement in 4 cases (66.7%). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of ultrasound were 85.9%, 66.7%, 94.8%, 40.0% and 83.6%. The sensitiv⁃ ity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of contrast- enhanced ultrasound were 92.2%, 77.8%, 96.7%, 58.3% and 90.4%. Conclusion Contrast-enhanced ultrasound can be used in benign and malignancy identification of renal cystic lesion. Related Articles | Metrics

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Renal sympathetic denervation for the treatment of hypertensive heart disease with systolic heart failure XIA Dasheng, LU Chengzhi, WANG Li 2016, 44 (2):  234-236.  doi: 10.11958/20150136 Abstract ( 893 )   PDF (427KB) ( 3821 )   Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of renal sympathetic denervation (RDN) for hypertensive heart dis⁃ ease combined with systolic heart failure. Methods Two patients (mean age 35 years) with hypertensive heart disease combined with systolic heart failure on maximal tolerated heart failure therapy underwent bilateral renal denervation. Echocardiography, the six minute walk distance, renal function, glycosylated hemoglobin and NT-proBNP were assessed at baseline and 1 year after renal denervation. Results Renal artery angiography showed that no stenosis and dissection. After 1 year follow up, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), six minute walk distance and NT- proBNP were significantly improved, and the size of left ventricular decreased. Conclusion RDN is effective and feasible for the treatment in patients with hypertensive heart disease and systolic heart failure. Related Articles | Metrics

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Establishing a method for detection of human vitamin D receptor using dual real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR YU Miaomei， YU Yang， ZHANG Jun， YAO Shuang， PAN Lili， LUO Guanghua△ 2016, 44 (2):  237-240.  doi: 10.11958/59072 Abstract ( 1006 )   PDF (583KB) ( 4518 )   Objective To establish a dual real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (dual realtime PCR) assay to detect human vitamin D receptor (VDR) and glyceraldehyde- 3- phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). Methods GAPDH gene was used as the internal control. The specific primers and TaqMan probes were designed by Primer Premier 5.0 software, which were applied to detect the VDR/GAPDH mRNA levels. The obtained PCR products were purified to construct the VDR/GAPDH recombinant plasmid, which was taken as the standard to analyze the sensitivity and repeatability of the method. Results The amplification products were confirmed as the specific fragment of VDR/GAPDH by DNA sequencing instrument. The results showed that the sensitivity, linear range, the determinate coefficient, the amplification efficiency, the intra-assay and inter-assay coefficient of variation were 40 copies/μL, 4.00×101-4.00×105 copies/μL, 0.998, 96.10%, 0.09%-1.21%, 0.17%-0.51% for VDR, and 40 copies/μL, 4.00×101-4.00×105 copies/μL, 0.999, 85.15%, 0.35%-0.88%, 0.51%-2.46% for GAPDH, respectively. Conclusion These results demonstrate that the dual real-time PCR assay with high sensitivity and specificity can detect the relative expressions of human VDR by single reaction tube, which can effectively shorten the time and reduce the experimental error. Related Articles | Metrics

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Efficacy and safety of allicin in Behcet′s disease ZHONG Jianqiao1, XIAN Dehai2 2016, 44 (2):  241-243.  doi: 10.11958/59156 Abstract ( 900 )   PDF (315KB) ( 4008 )   Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of allicin in patients with Behcet′s disease (BD). Methods Thirty-eight patients with BD that was mainly involved skin, mucosa and joints were divided into treatment group (20 cases) and control group (18 cases) by randomized digital table method. Two groups of patients were respectively assigned to receive allicin tablets and identical placebo vehicles for 12 weeks, and were followed up to 16 weeks. The changes of clinical symp⁃ toms and laboratory detection were observed in the time of pretreatment and post-treatment in two groups. Meanwhile, the ef⁃ ficacy and side effects were compared between both groups. Results A total of 31 patients completed the experiment. The effective rate was 88.89% in treatment group, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (7.69%, P < 0.01). After administration of allicin or placebo, there was no significant difference in white blood cell (WBC) count between treat⁃ ment group and control group(P > 0.05). The levels of ESR and CRP were significant lower in treatment group than those in pretreatment and control group (P < 0.01). Although allicin displayed some adverse reactions, most patients could tolerate them, and these side effects tended to dissipate once the drug ceased. Conclusion Allicin is a safe and effective drug in the treatment of BD, which is significantly better than placebo, and is worth to be further researched and promoted. Related Articles | Metrics

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The safety and efficacy of Shuxuetong in treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in patients with chronic pulmonary heart disease GU Jianling△, CHEN Si, XU Kelei 2016, 44 (2):  244-246.  doi: 10.11958/58658 Abstract ( 964 )   PDF (287KB) ( 4023 )   Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Shuxuetong in treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in patients with chronic pulmonary heart disease. Methods A randomized single-blinded study was performed. A total of 91 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and chronic pulmonary heart disease were randomly divided into treatment group (n=45) and control group (n=46). The treatment group was received Shuxuetong and clopidogrel treatment for 14 days. The control group was given routine treatment plus clopidogrel 75 mg orally. The average time of cardioversion of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation was detected within 48 hours. The cardioversion rate of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and the total efficiency were detected after14 days. The serum D-Dimer was detected before and 14 days after treatment . Liver and kidney function and adverse drug reactions were also detected. Results There was no significant difference in average time of cardioversion of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in 48 h between two groups (h： 12.62±2.32 vs 13.32±2.25， t=1.461). The cardioversion rates were 86.67%(39/45) and 82.22%(37/45) at 48 h and 14 d in treatment group, which were significantly higher than those of control group [69.56%(32/46) and 60.87(28/46)]. The D-Dimer at 14 d after treatment was significantly lower in treatment group [(2.05±0.34)mg/L] than before treatment[(2.61±0.27)mg/L], also than that of control group[(2.53±0.31)mg/L]. There were no abnormal liver and kidney function and no adverse reactions between two groups. Conclusion Shuxuetong can significantly prevent the recurrence of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in patients with chronic pulmonary heart disease, and help to reduce the risk of thromboembolism. It is safe and effective. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of MicroRNAs involved in the tumor microenvironment regulation in non-cell-autonomous mechanisms GUO Jinman, TAN Chao△, HU Huojun, TAN Yuan 2016, 44 (2):  247-250.  doi: 10.11958/59124 Abstract ( 1193 )   PDF (333KB) ( 3970 )   As an internal environment of tumor occurrence, tumor microenvironment is composed of a variety of cells and extracellular matrix, and plays a crucial role in tumor formation, transfer and resistance to drugs. The regulation of tumor microenvironment will be a potential target to control the cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a kind of 21 to 25 nucleotides single-stranded RNA, and are mainly involved in regulating gene expression. Recently, with the suggestion of cellular autonomous tumor inhibition mechanism, the regulation of tumor microenvironment by miRNAs has received great attention. This review summarizes recent findings on the non-cell-autonomous mechanisms of miRNAs-mediated regulation of tumor micro⁃ environments, which provides foundations and perspective on the design of therapeutic interventions. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of hydrogen-rich saline for the treatment of diseases LI Bo1, LYU Guoyi1, YU Yonghao2△, XIE Keliang2, WANG Guolin2 2016, 44 (2):  250-252.  doi: 10.11958/58912 Abstract ( 1015 )   PDF (378KB) ( 3724 )   The oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis have been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple diseases. Recently, more and more research findings have demonstrated that hydrogen-rich saline (HRS) has the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects in vivo and in vitro, and can be used to treat multiple diseases, such as ischemia/reperfusion injury, stroke, neurodegeneration, sepsis, neuropathic pain and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome diseases. This article reviews the possible mechanism of HRS for the treatment of diseases. Related Articles | Metrics

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The advantages and research progress of T cells of the chimeric antigen receptor in the treatment of primary tumors ZHANG Wei1, YAN Dandan2, GAO Li2, SHAO Mingliang1, YAN Huimin1△ 2016, 44 (2):  253-256.  doi: 10.11958/58917 Abstract ( 837 )   PDF (378KB) ( 4061 )   Chimeric antigen receptor (Car) T cells, not only have the characteristics of strong specific recognition of tumor antigens, but also have destruction and high affinity advantages, thus receiving more attention. Although it has played a lot of advantages in anti-tumor, it still has some shortcomings, which needs to be further optimized to improve the safety of its clinical application. In this study, The cell structure and biological function, treatment process, application development and application risk of Car T cells are reviewed, which provide references for further clinical immunotherapy of Car T. Related Articles | Metrics