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15 November 2019, Volume 47 Issue 11 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Effects of different concentrations of glucose on apoptosis of mouse hippocampal neuron cell line HT-22 ZHU Jin-feng, XU Yong-jie, ZHU Li-ying, DAI Long-guang, QIAN Wen, ZHANG Jing-zhi, XU Wen, LI Xing, PAN Wei 2019, 47 (11):  1121-1125.  doi: 10.11958/20191994 Abstract ( 665 )   PDF (539KB) ( 4167 )   Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of different concentrations of glucose on apoptosis of mouse hippocampal neuron cell line HT-22. Methods The mouse hippocampal neuron HT-22 cells were cultured in vitro.The cells were treated with different concentrations of sugar medium (25, 35, 45, 55, 65 and 75 mmol/L) for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, respectively. The reference concentration of 25 mmol/L was used as the control group, and the other groups were the experimental groups. The cell activity was measured by cell counting kit (CCK)-8, and the optimal action time was screened.After HT-22 cells were treated with different sugar concentrations for 48 h, the release rate of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)in cell culture supernatant was detected by microplate assay. The cell morphology was observed by optical microscope, and the apoptosis rate was determined by flow cytometry. The protein expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax were detected by Western blot assay. Results The results of CCK8 assay showed that high glucose can inhibit the viability of HT-22 cells in a doseand time -dependent manner. When the high glucose action time was 48 h, the cell viability≥80%, which can meet the requirements of subsequent experiments. With the increase of glucose concentration, the number of cells decreased, the cell body became larger, part of the nucleus dissolved and synapse rupture, and the release rate of LDH and apoptosis rate were also increased significantly (P＜0.05). Western blot analysis showed that the expression of apoptosis protein of Bcl-2 decreased (P＜0.05), and the expression of Bax increased gradually (P＜0.05). Conclusion High glucose can significantly inhibit the growth and viability of HT-22 cells and induce apoptosis, which may be related to the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax. Related Articles | Metrics

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Differential regulatory effects of ginsenoside Rg3 on the proliferation of prostate cancer cell lines PC3 and DU145 GUO Ya-ping, CHEN Lu-yao, WU Zi-xuan, ZHANG Zhai-yi, ZHENG Fang, PENG Yan-fei 2019, 47 (11):  1126-1130.  doi: 10.11958/20192284 Abstract ( 900 )   PDF (1036KB) ( 5424 )   Objective To explore the different regulatory effects of ginsenoside Rg3 on the proliferation of prostate cancer cells PC3 and DU145. Methods PC3 and DU145 cells were cultured in vitro and treated with ginsenoside Rg3 at 100 µmol/L. Then CCK-8 assay was performed to evaluate the proliferation of cells. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were detected using DCFH-DA staining in DU145 cells treated with DMSO or ginsenoside Rg3. JC-1 staining was performed to investigate the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane in PC3 and DU145 cells treated with ginsenoside Rg3. Differential expression of antioxidant proteins in PC3 and DU145 cells were analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blot assay. Results CCK-8 assay showed that the proliferation of PC3 cells was significantly inhibited by 100 µmol / L ginsenoside Rg3 while no inhibitory effect was observed on DU145 cells. Results of DCFH-DA staining assay showed that the ROS levels in DU145 cells and PC3 cells were up-regulated by ginsenoside Rg3. Furthermore, results of JC-1 assay demonstrated that ginsenoside Rg3 induced the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane both in PC3 and DU145 cells. The results of RT-PCR and Western blot assay indicated that the expressions of glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPX-1) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) were higher in DU145 cells compared to those of PC3 cells. Conclusion Ginsenoside Rg3 shows different regulatory effects on the proliferation of PC3 and DU145 cells, which may be related to the differential expression of antioxidant proteins in the two cell lines. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preliminary study on TNF-α regulating the expression of TRVP2 channel protein in human odontoblast-like cells QUE Ke-hua, WANG Yu, LIU Jie, LIU Yang-qiu, WEN Jing 2019, 47 (11):  1130-1134.  doi: 10.11958/20190538 Abstract ( 681 )   PDF (827KB) ( 4868 )   Objective To analyze the expression characteristics and related receptors of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α) on the regulation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 (TRPV2) in human odontoblasts (HODs) -like cells,which would further enrich the study on the physiological functions of TRPV2 ion channels in human dental pulp. Methods Twenty intact and healthy third molars extracted for orthodontic purpose were collected from adults aged between 18 and 25 years in the department of maxillofacial surgery, stomatological hospital of Tianjin Medical University from September 2016 to January 2017. The pulp tissues were obtained, cultured and induced and passaged in the minimum essential medium(MEM). The 4-6 passages of cells were utilized in the subsequent experiments. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression characteristics of HDDs-like protein dentin sialophospho protern (DSPP) and nestin. The influences of 1 µg/L and 10 µg/L TNF-α on TRPV2 ion channel expression in HODs-like cells were investigated by RT-qPCR, Western blot assay and flow cytometry. Tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)1 antagonist R-7050 was used to treat cells, and analyze its role in the regulation of TRPV2 ion channel by TNF-α. Results Immunofluorescence staining showed positive expressions of DSPP and nestin in HODs-like cells. Results of RT-qPCR and Western blot assay confirmed that 10 µg/L of TNF-α significantly up-regulated the mRNA and protein expression of TRPV2 ion channel compared with that of control group without TNF - α treatment (P＜0.05). Flow cytometry also showed that TNF - α could obviously up-regulate the expression level of TRPV2 protein. Further study confirmed that the increasing expression level of TRPV2 ion channels in human HODs-like cells treated with TNF- α was obviously downregulated after R-7050 treatment compared with that of control group without R-7050 treatment (P＜0.05). Conclusion TNF-α up-regulates TRPV2 ion channel expression level by TNFR1 in HODs-like cells. Related Articles | Metrics

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A preliminary study on the mechanism of the abnormal glucose intolerance induced by low doses of tacrolimus in rats GAO Ya-li, CHEN Ya, LI Dai-qing 2019, 47 (11):  1135-1139.  doi: 10.11958/20191189 Abstract ( 812 )   PDF (628KB) ( 4951 )   Objective To investigate potential mechanism of different doses of tacrolimus leading to the elevated blood glucose in rats. Methods Twenty SD rats were randomly divided into low dose group (0.1 mg/kg), middle dose group(0.5 mg / kg), high dose group (1.0 mg / kg) and control group (n = 5 for each group). The first three groups were injected subcutaneously with tacrolimus for one week, and the control group was given equal volume olive oil. Body weights of the rats were monitored every other day. After 1 week of drug intervention, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (2 g / kg) was performed. The fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS) and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) under steady state model were counted. Pathological tissue sections prepared from the tail of rat pancreas. The area of islet β cells was measured by immunohistochemical staining, and the expressions of insulin-secreting genes Epac, Rim2, Piccolo, Rab3a and Munck13 in islet tissue were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. Results Compared with the control group, the body mass decreased in tacrolimus intervention group, and the decreased weights were larger in middle and high dose groups than that of low dose group. Abnormal glucose tolerance was found in tacrolimus intervention group, and blood glucose level and area under curve were higher in middle and high dose groups than those in low dose group with a dose-dependent manner(P＜0.05). There were no significant differences in FBG, FINS and HOMA-IR between the four groups (P＞0.05). The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the number of β cells was not significantly decreased in the middle and high dose group than that of control group (P＜0.05), but there was no significant difference between the low dose group and the control group (P＞0.05). The transcription levels of secretory related proteins Epac, Rim2, Piccolo, Rab3a and Munck13 were decreased in low dose group compared with those of the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion The abnormal glucose tolerance caused by low dose short-term intervention is related to the disorder of insulin secretion when the number of islet β cells does not decrease and there is no insulin resistance. Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect and mechanism of parathyroid hormone on implant osseointegration in aged rats XU Dong-liang, PENG Zhao-hui 2019, 47 (11):  1140-1145.  doi: 10.11958/20190675 Abstract ( 634 )   PDF (486KB) ( 4750 )   Objective To investigate the promoting effect of parathyroid hormone on implant osseointegration in aged rats and its mechanism. Methods Forty-eight aged rats (22-month-old) were divided into the elderly group and the parathyroid hormone group accorded to the random number method, with 24 rats in each group. Twenty-four adult rats (12-month-old) were used as control group. Three groups of rats were implanted with titanium nails in the left tibia. Rats in the parathyroid hormone group were injected intraperitoneally with parathyroid hormone (20 μg/kg, qod), and rats in the control group and the elderly group were intraperitoneally injected with the same amount of normal saline for 8 weeks. The maxillary and tibia bone mineral densities were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Eight weeks after implantation, the bone-to-implant contact ration (BIC), trabercular area (TA), thickness of cortical bone (TCB), average trabecular width (TW) and combined bone width (CBLW) were measured. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteopontin (OPN), osteocalcin (OCN) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA levels in bone tissues around the implant were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results Before implantation, compared with the control group, the bone mineral densities of the maxilla and tibia were decreased in the elderly group and the parathyroid hormone group (P＜0.05). After 8-week implantation, compared with the elderly group, the bone densities of maxillary and tibia in the parathyroid hormone group were increased (P＜0.05), the values of BIC, TA, TCB, TW and CBLW were increased (P＜0.05), the levels of ALP,OPN and OCN mRNA in the bone tissue around the implant were increased (P＜0.05), and the IL-6 mRNA level was decreased (P＜0.05). In the control group and parathyroid hormone group, the implant bone was well combined. In the elderly group, the implant bone was poorly coupled. Conclusion The bone density of aged rats is reduced, which affects the osseointegration of implants. Parathyroid hormone can increase bone mineral density in old rats and promote bone remodeling. Related Articles | Metrics

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Heat stress increases pulmonary capillary permeability via activating NLRP3 inflammasome ZHUANG Xiao-lei, LI Jun-ling, LI Qian-ru△, DING Hong-guang 2019, 47 (11):  1145-1150.  doi: 10.11958/20191532 Abstract ( 567 )   PDF (2127KB) ( 3863 )   Objective To explore whether heat stress would increase pulmonary capillary permeability via activating the NLRP3 (NLR family, pyrin domain-containing 3) inflammasome. Methods C57BL / 6 mice and pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) were underwent 42 ℃ heat stress. The mice were randomly divided into two groups: control group and heat stress group, 12 mice for each group. The PMVECs were randomly divided into five groups:control group, heat stress group, heat stress + TEMPO group, heat stress + Z-VAD-FMK group and heat stress + interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) group, 4 cases for each group. Caspase-1, IL-1β and tight junction proteins (ZO-1, occludin,claudin-5) expressions were assessed by Western blot assay or double immunofluorescence. The permeability of blood-brain barrier was assessed by Evans blue staining. Results The concentrations of Evans blue in lung tissue were significantly increased in heat stress group compared with those of control group (P＜0.01). The expression levels of ROS, caspase-1 and IL-1β were significantly increased, and the expression levels of ZO-1, occludin and claudin-5 were significantly decreased,in heat stress group compared with those of control group (P＜0.01). Scavenging of ROS decreased the expression levels of caspase-1 (P＜0.01). The pharmacological (Z-VAD-FMK) inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation decreased the expression levels of IL-1β (P＜0.01). The pharmacological (IL-1Ra) blocking of IL-1β receptor increased the expression levels of tight junction protein (ZO-1: P＜0.01, occludin: P＜0.01, claudin-5: P＜0.01). Conclusion Heat stress may increase pulmonary capillary permeability via the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and the reducing of tight junction protein expression. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analgesia effect of conducting ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca compartment block by dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine in femoral surgery during perioperative period YANG Rong-rong, XU Xing-guo, HUANG Xin-chong 2019, 47 (11):  1151-1156.  doi: 10.11958/20191806 Abstract ( 733 )   PDF (429KB) ( 4480 )   Objective To investigate the analgesia effect and safety of conducting ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) by dexmedetomidine (Dex) combined with ropivacaine in femoral surgery during perioperative period. Methods During the period from June 2016 to March 2019, 102 patients who underwent femoral surgery in the hospital were included, and patients were divided into Dex group (n=55, ultrasound-guided FICB by Dex combined with ropivacaine before general anesthesia) and control group (n=47, ultrasound-guided FICB by ropivacaine before general anesthesia) according to different analgesia methods during perioperative period. The intraoperative dosage of remifentanil,postoperative awake time and extubation time were recorded. The pain visual analogue scale (VAS) and Ramsay sedation score were performed to assess analgesia and sedation effects, respectively. The adverse reactions were also recorded.Results The intraoperative dosage of remifentanil was significantly less in Dex group than that in control group [(0.68± 0.17) vs. (0.79±0.19) mg, P＜0.01]. Before induction of anesthesia,VAS scores of limb braking and isometric contraction of quadricepsat 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h after surgery were significantly lower in Dex group than those in control group (all P＜0.05).At 12 h, 24 h and 72 h after surgery, the sufentanil consumption in analgesic pump was significantly lower in Dex group[(11.10±1.93), (25.15±5.62), (60.56±8.65) μg] than that of control group [(14.34±2.67), (31.64±7.12), (92.49±13.83) μg, P＜0.05]. There was no significant difference in Ramsay sedation score between the two groups at any time point during perioperative period. There were multiple adverse reactions in both groups. However, the incidence of them was relatively low. The incidence of dry mouth was significantly higher in Dex group than that in control group (16.36% vs. 4.26%, P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of other adverse reactions between the two groups. Conclusion Conducting ultrasound-guided FICB by dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine in femoral surgery during perioperative period can play good analgesia effect, which can reduce intraoperative and postoperative usage of analgesics, without affecting sedation effect. And the safety is good, but need to pay attention to postoperative dry mouth symptoms. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on expression of monocyte/macrophage subsets in patients with connective tissue disease related interstitial lung disease WANG Li-ping, CHEN Xue-fen, ZHAO Mao, LI Xue-ren, LIU Bin, PENG Shou-chun 2019, 47 (11):  1156-1160.  doi: 10.11958/20190542 Abstract ( 680 )   PDF (384KB) ( 4921 )   Objective To observe the level of monocyte/macrophage subsets in patients with connective tissue diseases associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD). Methods A total of 77 CTD patients hospitalized at department of respiratory and critical care medicine in Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force from July 2017 to February 2018 were recruited. The patients were divided into the CTD-ILD group (n=47) and the CTD-nILD group(n=30) according to whether CTD combined with ILD. The general information, pulmonary function tests and HRCT data were collected in the two groups of patients. (1) Thirty cases with normal physical examination were recruited as healthy control group (NC group). The circulating monocytes subtypes were measured by flow cytometry. (2) Twenty-five patients in the CTD-ILD group who underwent bronchoscopy were selected as experimental group, and 20 patients (include cough and chest tightness) with normal chest imaging and bronchoscopy results were enrolled as control group. Macrophage subtypes of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured by flow cytometry. Results 1. The Mon2 circulating monocytes were significantly higher in the CTD-ILD group (6.32±2.60) than those in the CTD-nILD group (5.00±1.52) and NC group (3.65±1.36, P＜0.05). The proportion of Mon2 circulating monocytes was positively correlated with gross glass score (r=0.372, P= 0.010). 2. The proportion of M2 macrophage was significantly higher in CTD-ILD group than that of control group (t=-6.520,P＜0.001). Conclusion In the patients of CTD-ILD, the levels of Mon2 monocytes and M2 macrophages increase significantly, which might be closely related with the development of ILD. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of nasal high-frequency oscillation ventilation on pulmonary oxygenation capacity,CO2 retention and acidosis in neonates with respiratory failure WANG Xiao-fang, LIU Ling 2019, 47 (11):  1161-1165.  doi: 10.11958/20190862 Abstract ( 747 )   PDF (407KB) ( 3811 )   Objective To explore the effects of nasal high-frequency oscillation ventilation (HFOV) on pulmonary oxygenation capacity, carbon dioxide (CO2) retention and acidosis in children with neonatal respiratory failure (NRF).Methods The clinical data of 62 child patients with NRF who underwent nasal HFOV (nHFOV group) and conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV group) were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical efficacy, occurrence of complications during treatment [barotrauma, intracranial hemorrhage, lung air leaks,pneumothorax, ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP)] and treatment time of surviving patients (mechanical ventilation time, oxygen therapy time, total hospital stay) were recorded in the two groups. The blood gas analysis indicators [arterial partial pressure of blood oxygen p(O2), arterial partial pressure of blood carbon dioxide p(CO2), pH value] and respiratory function indicators [oxygenation index (OI), fraction of inspiration oxygen (FiO2), mean airway pressure (MAP)] were compared before treatment (T0), at 12 h after treatment (T1) and at 24 h after treatment (T2) between the two groups. Results The clinical efficacy was significantly better in nHFOV group than that in CMV group (P＜0.05). There were no significant differences in the occurrence of intracranial hemorrhage, pulmonary air leaks and pneumothorax between the two groups (P＞0.05). The incidence rates of barotrauma and VAP and the mechanical ventilation time, oxygen therapy time and total hospital stay of surviving patients were significantly lower in nHFOV group than those in CMV group (P＜0.05). The blood gas analysis indicators［p(O2) and pH］in the two groups at each time point showed those at T0＜at T1＜at T2 (P＜0.05), and the comparison of p(CO2) level and respiratory function indicators (OI, FiO2 and MAP) showed those at T0＞at T1＞ at T2 (P＜0.05). And at T1 and T2, the p(O2) and pH levels were significantly higher in nHFOV group than those in CMV group (P＜0.05), and the p(CO2) level and OI, FiO2 and MAP levels were significantly lower than those in CMV group (P＜0.05). Conclusion nHFOV has good effects in the treatment of NRF,and it can improve the pulmonary oxygenation function, correct the states of CO2 retention and acidosis, and avoid the occurrence of barotrauma. And it is beneficial to the disease recovery. Related Articles | Metrics

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Characteristics and risk factors of pulmonary function changes in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia ZHANG Hai-jun, DONG Xiao-lei, LIN Cui, FANG You-fu, ZHANG Hong-yu 2019, 47 (11):  1166-1169.  doi: 10.11958/20191195 Abstract ( 684 )   PDF (357KB) ( 3686 )   Objective We summarized the different types and characteristics of pulmonary function changes in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP), and look for risk factors for changes in lung function. Methods A total of 230 children with MPP hospitalized between July 2017 and December 2018 were selected in this study. The children were divided into abnormal group (n=50, there were 38 cases of ventilation disorders and 12 cases of diffusion disorders) and normal group (n=180) according to whether pulmonary function changes occurred. The types and characteristics of pulmonary function changes in abnormal group were analyzed, and the differences of basic conditions,clinical manifestations, changes of pulmonary function and related auxiliary examinations were compared between the two groups. Results There were significantly longer values in hospitalization time, fever time, proportion of hypopnea, Creactive protein (CRP) and lactatedehydrogenase (LDH) in abnormal group than that of normal group (P＜0.05). The Logistic regression analysis showed that extended heating time (OR=2.276, 95%CI: 1.658-3.125), extended hospitalization time (OR=1.976, 95%CI: 1.478-2.642), and CRP elevation (OR=1.112, 95%CI: 1.056-1.170) were the risk factors of pulmonary function changes in MPP (P＜0.05).Conclusion The main pulmonary function changes in MPP children are ventilation disorders, but there are also some diffusion disorders. Long-term fever, prolonged course of disease and increased CRP in acute stage are the high risk factors leading to pulmonary function changes in MPP children. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical significance of p16 gene deletion in adult Philadelphia-negative B- lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia LI Yu-ling, LIU Xiao-li, XU Na, TANG Jia-ming, LU Zi-yuan 2019, 47 (11):  1170-1175.  doi: 10.11958/20190473 Abstract ( 919 )   PDF (538KB) ( 3866 )   Objective To investigate the prevalence, feature and specific prognostic relevance of p16 gene deletion in Chinese adult patients with Philadelphia-negative B- lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Methods Clinical data of 210 newly diagnosed B-ALL patients were analyzed retrospectively. According to the p16 gene status at diagnosis, 61 cases were divided into the p16 gene deletion group and 149 cases were divided into the p16 non-deletion group. The clinical data, immune phenotypes, cytogenetics, molecular characteristics and prognosis were compared between two groups of patients. Results The proportion of patients with p16 gene deletion accompanied with CD20-positive were significantly higher in p16 gene deletion group compared with those of p16 non-deletion patients (47.5% vs. 30.8%, χ2=5.238, P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in the other immunophenotypes and cytogenetics between the two groups (P＞0.05).There were no significant differences in the transplant rate and complete remission of hematopoietic stem cells between the two groups. The recurrence rate was significantly higher in the p16 gene deletion group than that of p16 non-deletion group(χ2=12.027，P＜0.05). Among the 79 patients with relapse, 4 patients were not detected p16 gene deficiency at the initial stage, while p16 gene deletion was detected at the time of relapse. There were lower overall survival (OS) and disease freesurvival (DFS) in the p16 gene deletion group than those of p16 non-deletion group (Log-rank χ2=16.715 and 21.237，P＜0.05). Among the patients of p16 gene deletion, the patients received allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AlloHSCT) showed a better OS and DFS compared with those of patients with chemotherapy (Log-rank χ2=25.316 and χ2=20.637，P＜0.05). There were lower values of OS and DFS in patients with CD20-positive than those of patients with CD20-negative in p16 gene deletion group (Log-rank χ2=7.782 and χ2=5.733，P＜0.05). Conclusion There are higher rate of CD20-positive and poor prognosis in patients with p16 gene deletion. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can significantly improve the prognosis of patients with p16 gene deletion. Related Articles | Metrics

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Early diagnosis of anomalous aortic origin of coronary arteries from the opposite sinus in children CHANG Ya-bin, CHENG Ji, XU Zhao-feng, LI Ying, CHEN Xin 2019, 47 (11):  1175-1178.  doi: 10.11958/20191558 Abstract ( 771 )   PDF (621KB) ( 4017 )   Objective To analyze the clinical data of 10 children with coronary artery anomalies originating from the opposite coronary sinus (AAOCA) in order to improve the early diagnosis of the disease. Methods The clinical symptoms,transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and CT coronary angiography (CTCA) results of 10 children with AAOCA in our hospital from June 2018 to June 2019 were summarized and analyzed. Results Eight children were diagnosed as AORCA and 2 cases were diagnosed as anomalous origin of left coronary artery from the right sinus（AOLCA）by TTE in 10 children with AAOCA . There were no typical chest pain and syncope after exercise for children. The resting electrocardiogram was normal. The results of CTCA showed that the abnormal origin of coronary artery was located between the aorta and pulmonary artery. There were 7 cases with opening stenosis (AORCA 5 cases, AOLCA 2 cases), 4 cases with compression stenosis of the main artery (all AORCA), 1 case with AOLCA and intramural segment, 8 cases with acute angle (AORCA 6 cases, AOLCA 2 cases), and 1 case with AORCA and high opening. Conclusion TTE can be used to diagnose AAOCA in children without typical clinical symptoms and normal ECG. In addition to definite diagnosis, CTCA is more important to find abnormal origin of the coronary artery between the aorta and pulmonary artery, stenosis of the orifice, sharp starting angle and the combination of intramural segments and other risk factors, so as to avoid strenuous exercise and timely surgical treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application value of new transnasal gastroscopy assisted indwelling nasal insertion type ileus tube QIAN Jing-yao, SHI Lei, SHI Dan, LI Yan-ru, LI Wen 2019, 47 (11):  1179-1182.  doi: 10.11958/20191595 Abstract ( 684 )   PDF (533KB) ( 3616 )   Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of transnasal gastroscopy combined with short-length switching in nasal insertion type ileus tube catheterization. Methods Clinical data of 60 patients meeting the diagnostic criteria for acute simple small intestinal obstruction were included in this study. Patients were randomly divided into endoscopic group (n=30) and fluoroscopic group (n=30). The success rate of catheterization, total operation time, radiation exposure time, catheterization depth, anal spontaneous exhaust time and efficiency were compared between the two groups.Results There were no significant differences in age, sex and operation history between the two groups. There were no significant differences in the success rate of catheterization, catheterization depth and efficiency between the two groups (P＞0.05). The total operation time and radiation exposure time were significantly less in the endoscopic group than those of the fluoroscopic group (P＜0.05). Conclusion Endoscopic-assisted indwelling of nasal intestinal obstruction catheter simplifies the cooperation between doctors and patients, shortens the total operation time and radiation exposure time, and is worthy of clinical promotion. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical efficacy and safety of combination diazepam and compound anisodine on the threatment of blepharospasm ZHAO Jing-jing, HUO Jing 2019, 47 (11):  1182-1185.  doi: 10.11958/20191699 Abstract ( 1575 )   PDF (370KB) ( 3528 )   Objective To investigate the clinical effect of the compound anisodine combined with diazepam in the treatment of blepharospasm. Methods The data of 48 patients (52 eyes) with blepharospasm were collected in Tianjin Gongan Hospital from February 2015 to March 2018. The patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 24 cases (26 eyes) in each group. The grade of blepharospasm was recorded. The observation group was treated with injecting compound anisodine 2 mL besides the superficial temporal artery combined with injecting diazepam 0.5 mL into orbicularis oculi muscle. Compound anisodine was injected once a day for 14 consecutive days, and diazepam was injected once a week for three consecutive times. The control group was treated with rest and relaxation, and mecobalamin was orally administered 0.5 mg three times a day for 14 consecutive days. The grade of blepharospasm, the total effective rate, the recurrence rate and the safety were assessed in two groups after the therapy. Results The complete remission, significant remission, partial remission rates were 42.31%, 30.77% and 19.23% in the observation group, and they were 15.38%, 23.08% and 26.92% in the control group. There were significant differences in the effects between the two groups (Z=- 2.829, P＜0.01). The total effective rate was 92.31% for the observation group and 65.38% for the control group, showing significant difference in the total effective rate between the two groups (χ2=5.650，P＜0.05). The recurrence rate was 7.69% for the observation group, and it was 38.46% for the control group. There was significant difference in the recurrence rate between the two groups (χ2＝6.933, P＜0.01). The incidence of eyelid ecchymosis was 19.23% in the observation group and which was 11.54% in the control group, with no significant difference between the two groups (χ2＝0.148，P＞0.05). There were no serious side effects or complications in both groups. Conclusion Compound anisodine combined with diazepam is safe, convenient and efficient method in the treatment of blepharospasm． Related Articles | Metrics

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A novel mutation of GLI3 gene underlying polydactyly in a family ZOU Qian-qian, TIAN Zhi-gang, ZHENG Jie, DU Xiao-jie, SHU Jian-bo, CAI Chun-quan 2019, 47 (11):  1186-1188.  doi: 10.11958/20192252 Abstract ( 1060 )   PDF (713KB) ( 4058 )   Objective To analyze the mutation of GLI3 gene in a family with congenital polydactyly, and further enrich the mutant spectrum of GLI3. Methods The clinical data of one patient with polydactyly were summarized. The DNA samples of peripheral blood from the patient and his family members were extracted. Using the whole exon sequencing method to detect the disease-causing genes. Sanger sequencing was applied to verify the genes. Results In this family, the frame-shift mutation of c. 2783delG (p. arg928profs24x) in GLI3 gene located at 7p14.1 was detected in 4 patients with polydactyly. The mutation was not detected in normal members of the family. There were no related reports in HGMD,Clinvar and dbSNP. The case of polydactyly carried c. 2783delG (p. arrg928profs24x) frame-shift mutation was clearly diagnosed, and the mutation locus was a new mutation of GLI3 gene. Conclusion The discovery of the new mutation further enriches the mutant spectrum of GLI3 gene, which provides a new direction for the study of polydactyly. Related Articles | Metrics

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The efficacy of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in patients with diabetic retinopathy SHEN Xuan, GU Yun-juan 2019, 47 (11):  1189-1196.  doi: 10.11958/20191482 Abstract ( 837 )   PDF (440KB) ( 4970 )   The effect of insulin intensive therapy on the outcome of diabetic retinopathy (DR) has been controversial all the time. The famous multicenter, randomized trials such as diabetes control and complications trial (DCCT)/the observational epidemiology of diabetes interventions and complications (EDIC) study and UK prospective diabetes study(UKPDS) have demonstrated that course of intensive therapy can successfully make good glycemic control in the short time and lay a foundation for the prolongation of the progression of DR. However, it has also found that tightening of glucose control can trigger transient progression (early worsening) of diabetic retinopathy in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) with poor glycemic control. In such studies, multiple daily insulin injection (MDI) was used for intensive therapy instead of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), and the protracted effect of CSII on DR for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)should be further investigated. Here, we summarized and reviewed the progress of insulin pump therapy in the occurrence and development of diabetic retinopathy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Role of donor specific regulatory T cells in immune tolerance after liver transplantation WANG Kai, GAO Wei 2019, 47 (11):  1196-1200.  doi: 10.11958/20191463 Abstract ( 710 )   PDF (366KB) ( 4104 )   Immune tolerance is the ultimate goal of organ transplantation. Although there are many studies in immune tolerance after transplantation, most of them are in the experimental stage, with seldom programs applied in patients.Compared to regulatory T cells, donor specific regulatory T cells are less investigated in immune tolerance, because of lower percentages and difficult preparing methods. This paper will summarize the hotspots of researches related to donor-specific regulatory T cells in recent years from the generality of regulatory T cells, suppressive function of donor specific regulatory T cells, culture technique in vitro and thymus transplantation, in order to provide new ideas to clinical research. Related Articles | Metrics