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15 April 2025, Volume 53 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Cell and Molecular Biology
Experimental Research
Clinical Research
Drug Clinical Evaluations
Applied Research
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Cell and Molecular Biology

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Irisin affects the proliferation and migration of lung adenocarcinoma cells by regulating the EBF3/ALOX15 pathway SU Hongjian, ZHANG Chunyan, ZHANG Weidong, HAN Li, QIAO Yahong 2025, 53 (4):  337-342.  doi: 10.11958/20242182 Abstract ( 115 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF (1518KB) ( 38 )   Objective To investigate the effect of irisin regulating early B cytokine 3 (EBF3)/arachidonic acid-15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15) pathway on the proliferation and migration of lung adenocarcinoma cells. Methods A549 cells were assigned into the irisin solvent group, the irisin group, the sh-NC group, the EBF3 inhibitor (sh-EBF3) group, the irisin+sh-NC group and the irisin+sh-EBF3 group randomly. 5-bromo-2-deoxyuracil (EdU) staining and CCK-8 method were applied to detect cell proliferation. 5-Scratch experiment was applied to detect the scratch healing rate. 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining was applied to detect the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells. The reagent kit was used to detect glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and ferrous ion (Fe2+) in cells. Transmission electron microscopy was applied to observe mitochondrial morphology in A549 cells. QRT-PCR was applied to detect mRNA levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) in A549 cells. Western blot assay was applied to detect EBF3 and ALOX15 proteins in cells. Results Compared with the irisin solvent group, the mitochondria of A549 cells in the irisin group showed ferroptosis characteristics, the positive rate of EdU, OD450 value, scratch healing rate, GSH level, PCNA, MMP-2 and GPX4 mRNA levels decreased, and the ROS relative fluorescence intensity, MDA, Fe2+ level, and EBF3 and ALOX15 protein levels increased (P<0.05). Compared with the sh-NC group, the mitochondrial ferroptosis phenomenon of A549 cells was reduced in the sh-EBF3 group, the positive rate of EdU, OD450 value, scratch healing rate, GSH level, PCNA, MMP-2 and GPX4 mRNA levels increased, and the ROS relative fluorescence intensity, MDA, Fe2+ levels and EBF3 and ALOX15 protein levels reduced (P<0.05). Sh-EBF3 reversed the effect of irisin on ferroptosis, proliferation and migration of A549 cells. Conclusion Irisin may induce ferroptosis in A549 cells and inhibit cell proliferation and migration by activating the EBF3/ALOX15 pathway. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of forsythigenin on the malignant progression of lung cancer cells by regulating the cAMP/EPAC1/RAP1 signal pathway QI Weihua, HUANG Guanglei, ZHANG Yuanyuan, BAN Hongying, MAO Zhaoxu 2025, 53 (4):  343-348.  doi: 10.11958/20250063 Abstract ( 109 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (1653KB) ( 14 )   Objective To investigate the effect of forsythigenin on the malignant progression of lung cancer cells by regulating the cyclic adenosine monophosphate/exchange protein directly activated by cAMP1/Ras-associated protein 1 (cAMP/EPAC1/RAP1) signaling pathway. Methods Lung cancer cell line A549 was cultured in vitro and grouped into the control group, the low dose forsythigenin group (25 mg/L), the medium dose forsythigenin group (50 mg/L), the high dose forsythigenin group (100 mg/L), the high dose forsythigenin+specific increase in intracellular cAMP content (pertussis toxin PTX) group (100 mg/L forsythigenin+5 μmol/L PTX) and high dose forsythigenin+EPAC1 antagonist (ESI-09) group (100 mg/L forsythigenin+1.5 μmol/L ESI-09). CCK-8 experiment was applied to detect cell proliferation. Scratch test was applied to detect cell migration. Flow cytometry was applied to detect cell apoptosis. Transwell was applied to detect cell invasion. ELISA method was applied to detect cAMP level in cell supernatant. Western blot assay was applied to detect expression levels of cAMP/EPAC1/RAP1 signaling pathway proteins and apoptotic proteins [B lymphoblastoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax)]. Results Compared with the control group, the OD450 value of A549 cells, number of cell invasions, scratch healing rate, level of cAMP, expression levels of Bcl-2, EPAC1 and RAP1 proteins were significantly reduced in the low dose, medium dose and high dose forsythigenin groups, and the expression of Bax protein and the rate of cell apoptosis were significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Compared with the high-dose forsythigenin group, the OD450 value of A549 cells, scratch healing rate, number of cell invasions, level of cAMP, expression levels of Bcl-2, EPAC1 and RAP1 proteins were obviously increased in the high-dose forsythigenin+PTX group, the expression of Bax protein and the apoptosis rate were obviously reduced (P<0.05). Levels of all indexes in the high dose forsythigenin+ESI-09 group were opposite. Conclusion Forsythigenin inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion of A549 cells and promotes apoptosis by down-regulating the cAMP/EPAC1/RAP1 signaling pathway. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Experimental Research

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Effects of remimazolam regulating the Nrf2/GPX4 pathway on circulatory function in septic shock rats HAO Yanyan, ZHANG Yu, BAI Yaowu, SHI Donghai 2025, 53 (4):  349-354.  doi: 10.11958/20241809 Abstract ( 69 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1098KB) ( 17 )   Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of remimazolam on circulatory function in septic shock rats. Methods Seventy-two SPF grade rats were randomly divided into the control group, the model group, the dexamethasone group, the low and high dose remimazolam groups and the high-dose remimazolam+Nrf2 inhibitor (ML385) group, with 12 rats in each group. The septic shock rat model was established by intravenous infusion of 10 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS). After 6 hours of modeling, the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) of rats were measured. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was applied to measure serum levels of lactic acid (Lac), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, nitric oxide (NO), and endothelin-1 (ET-1). Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was applied to observe morphological changes in vascular tissue. TUNEL staining was applied to observe the apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells. DHE fluorescent probe was used to detect the level of ROS in vascular tissue. The colorimetric method was applied to detect the contents of MDA and the activity of SOD in vascular tissue. Western blot assay was applied to detect the protein expression of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) in vascular tissue. Results Compared with the control group, MAP, SOD activity in vascular tissue, Nrf2 and GPX4 protein levels were lower in the model group, while HR, serum Lac, NO, ET-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 levels, endothelial cell apoptosis rate, ROS level in vascular tissue and MDA content were higher (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, MAP, SOD activity in vascular tissue, Nrf2 and GPX4 protein levels were higher in the dexamethasone group and in the low and high dose remimazolam groups, while HR, serum Lac, NO, ET-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 levels, endothelial cell apoptosis rate, ROS level in vascular tissue and MDA content were lower (P<0.05). Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 greatly reduced the protective effect of remimazolam on septic shock rats (P<0.05). Conclusion Remimazolam may improve circulatory function in septic shock rats by activating the Nrf2/GPX4 pathway, inhibiting inflammatory response and oxidative stress, reducing endothelial cell damage. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical Research

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The expression level and clinical value of ALKBH5 and PAK5 in high-risk HPV positive cervical cancer tissue WANG Caili, WANG Rui, GUO Lining 2025, 53 (4):  355-359.  doi: 10.11958/20242343 Abstract ( 111 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1255KB) ( 31 )   Objective To analyze the expression levels of RNA demethylase alkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5) and p21 activated kinase 5 (PAK5) in high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) positive cervical cancer tissue, and explore their clinical significance. Methods A total of 96 patients with HR-HPV positive cervical cancer were selected as the research object. The expressions of ALKBH5 and PAK5 mRNA and protein in cancer tissue and adjacent tissue were analyzed by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot assay. The expression levels of ALKBH5 and PAK5 proteins in patients with HR-HPV positive cervical cancer with different clinicopathological characteristics were compared. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to analyze influencing factors of death in patients with HR-HPV positive cervical cancer. Kaplan-Meier curve was used to analyze the effects of ALKBH5 and PAK5 protein expression on the 5-year survival rate of patients. Results The results of real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot assay showed that expression levels of ALKBH5 and PAK5 mRNA and protein in HR-HPV positive cervical cancer tissue were higher than those in adjacent tissue (P<0.05). The positive rates of ALKBH5 and PAK5 in cancer tissue of HR-HPV positive cervical cancer patients with FIGO stage ⅡA and lymph node metastasis were increased (P<0.05). ALKBH5 positive (HR=1.467，95%CI: 1.104-1.949), PAK5 positive (HR=1.435, 95%CI: 1.093-1.884), FIGO stage IIA (HR=1.435, 95%CI=1.065-1.933) and lymph node metastasis (HR=1.652, 95%CI: 1.053-2.593) were risk factors affecting the prognosis of HR-HPV positive cervical cancer patients (P<0.05). The 5-year cumulative survival rate was lower in the ALKBH5 positive group [72.58% (45/62) vs. 91.18% (31/34)] than that of the ALKBH5 negative group (log rank χ2=4.481, P=0.034). The 5-year overall survival rate of the PAK5 positive group [71.67% (43/60) vs. 91.67% (33/36)] was lower than that of the PAK5 negative group (log rank χ2=4.153, P=0.043). Conclusion The expression levels of ALKBH5 and PAK5 are significantly up-regulated in HR-HPV positive cervical cancer, both of which are related to the poor clinicopathological features of patients, and are helpful to evaluate the prognosis. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Predictive value of serum total IgE, eosinophils, diamine oxidase and fractional exhaled nitric oxide in allergic rhinitis combined with bronchial asthma ZHU Yonghong, BA Junfeng 2025, 53 (4):  360-364.  doi: 10.11958/20250328 Abstract ( 71 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (816KB) ( 11 )   Objective To investigate the predictive value of serum total IgE, eosinophil (EOS) ratio, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels in allergic rhinitis (AR) complicated with bronchial asthma (BA). Methods A total of 127 children with AR were divided into the AR group (84 cases) and the AR+BA group (43 cases) based on the presence of BA. Another 55 healthy children were selected as the control group. General data, total IgE, EOS ratio, LDH and FeNO levels were compared between the three groups. The correlation between these indicators and duration of disease symptoms, nasal symptom scores were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the predictive value of these indicators for AR and AR+BA. Results Total IgE, EOS ratio, LDH and FeNO levels were significantly higher in the AR group and the AR+BA group than those in the control group (P<0.05). The total IgE, EOS ratio and FeNO levels were higher in the AR+BA group than those in the AR group (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that total IgE, EOS ratio and FeNO levels were positively correlated with the duration of disease symptoms and symptom scores in the AR group and the AR+BA group (P<0.05). In the AR group, LDH levels were positively correlated with the duration of disease symptoms and symptom scores (P<0.05), but in the AR+BA group, there was no significant correlation between the duration of BA symptoms and symptom scores (P>0.05). ROC curve analysis indicated that total IgE, FeNO, EOS ratio and LDH all had predictive values for both AR and AR+BA. The predictive value of total IgE for AR and AR+BA was higher (AUC=0.971 and 0.800). Combined detection of total IgE, EOS ratio, LDH and FeNO had the best predictive value for AR+BA (AUC=0.904). Conclusion Serum levels of total IgE, LDH, EOS ratio and FeNO can be served as effective indicators for predicting AR complicated with BA. Combined detection can improve the accuracy of prediction and provide a reference for early clinical identification and intervention in AR+BA. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of efficacy of recombinant human interleukin-11 and herombopag olamine tablets on chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia in breast cancer WANG Chao, ZHANG Junmei, ZHANG Peng, LIU Li, WANG Xiaochun 2025, 53 (4):  365-369.  doi: 10.11958/20241463 Abstract ( 101 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (763KB) ( 19 )   Objective To compare the efficacy of recombinant human interleukin-11 (rhIL-11) and herombopag olamine tablets on chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) in breast cancer. Methods Eighty-six prospectively selected breast cancer patients with CIT were randomly divided into the control group (administered rhIL-11) and the study group (administered herombopag olamine tablets), with 43 cases in each group. Before treatment and 14 days after treatment, platelet parameters [platelet count (PLT), plateletcrit (PCT), platelet distribution width (PDW) and mean platelet volume (MPV)] and flow cytometry were measured by automated hematology analyzer. Cellular immune indicators (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+) were detected by flow cytometer. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of thrombopoietin (TPO) and interleukin-11 (IL-11). The above parameters were compared between the two groups, and the incidence of adverse reactions in the two groups was recorded. Results After treatment, PLT, PCT, CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, TPO and IL-11 in both groups were higher than before treatment, and which was higher in the study group than the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, PDW, MPV and CD8+ of both groups were lower than before treatment, and the study group was lower than the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the overall incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Both rhIL-11 and herombopag olamine tablets are effective in treating breast cancer with CIT. Compared with rhIL-11, herombopag olamine tablets have more advantages in improving platelet parameters, cellular immune indicators, TPO and IL-11, and do not increase the adverse reactions. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between serum GPER1, CFH levels and pregnancy outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes DENG Haijuan, QUAN Yongjuan, LI Fang 2025, 53 (4):  369-373.  doi: 10.11958/20241950 Abstract ( 100 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (806KB) ( 10 )   Objective To investigate the relationship between serum G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1), complement factor H (CFH) levels and pregnancy outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods A total of 120 patients with GDM (GDM group) and 60 healthy pregnant women (control group) were included in this study. According to the pregnancy outcome, GDM patients were divided into the adverse pregnancy outcome (APO) group (50 cases) and the non-APO group (70 cases). The basic data of GDM patients were collected. Fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin and blood lipids were measured, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated. The serum levels of GPER1 and CFH were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between serum levels of GPER1, CFH and HOMA-IR in GDM patients. Multivariate unconditional Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to analyze the relationship between serum GPER1 and CFH levels and APO in GDM patients and to predict energy efficiency. Results Compared with the control group, serum levels of GPER1 and CFH were increased in the GDM group (P < 0.05). Serum GPER1 and CFH levels were positively correlated with HOMA-IR in GDM patients (r = 0.722 and 0.714, respectively, P < 0.001).Compared with the non-APO group, serum levels of GPER1 and CFH were increased in the APO group (P < 0.05). Elevated levels of HOMA-IR, GPER1 and CFH were independent risk factors for APO in GDM patients (P < 0.05). The combined prediction of serum GPER1 and CFH [AUC=0.887 (95%CI: 0.816-0.937)] was superior to serum GPER1 [AUC=0.789 (95%CI: 0.705-0.858)] and CFH [AUC=0.786 (95%CI: 0.701-0.856)] alone in predicting APO in GDM patients. Conclusion Serum levels of GPER1 and CFH in GDM patients are increased, which are closely related to the enhancement of insulin resistance and APO. The combination of the two has a higher predictive efficiency for APO. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Value and influencing factors of middle ear risk index in predicting short-term outcome of cholesteatoma-type otitis media with drum chamber shaping ZHOU Xuebing, GE Yueming, DONG Jie, ZHANG Yating, KUANG Baixu 2025, 53 (4):  374-377.  doi: 10.11958/20242108 Abstract ( 102 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (780KB) ( 11 )   Objective To analyze the short-term prognosis value of middle ear risk index (MERI) in predicting the poor hearing recovery 6 months after transcanal endoscopic ear surgery (TEES) for children with cholesteatoma-type middle ear infection and the related factors affecting poor hearing recovery after TEES surgery. Methods A total of 70 children with cholesteatoma-type middle ear infection who underwent TEES were selected as the research subjects, and their outcomes were followed up for 6 months postoperatively. Pure tone audiometry was performed to collect the air-bone-gap (ABG) values of children, and they were divided into two groups according to ABG values: the group with good prognosis (ABG ≤ 20 dBHL, n = 49) and the group with poor prognosis (ABG > 20 dBHL, n = 21). The general information and the postoperative outcomes of MERI, ABG and quality of life improvement (Otitis Media-6, OM-6 score) of the two groups were compared. The independent risk factors for poor hearing recovery of TEES for children with cholesteatoma-type middle ear infection were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was developed to study the predictive value of MERI in patients with cholestatomatous otitis media with TEES. Results Compared with the good prognosis group, the disease course of children in the poor prognosis group was longer, the scores of MERI, ABG and OM-6 before and after surgery were higher, the proportion of high-risk was higher (P<0.05). The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that longer course of illness, higher MERI, higher preoperative ABG values and higher preoperative OM-6 scores were independent risk factors for poor hearing recovery of TEES for children with cholesteatoma-type middle ear infection. The ROC curve showed that the AUC (95%CI) of MERI predicting poor hearing recovery at 6 months post-TEES in cholesteatoma otitis media children was 0.828 (95%CI: 0.718-0.907), sensitivity was 81.0% and specificity was 75.5%. Conclusion MERI can be used as an effective tool to predict the short-term hearing recovery of children with cholestatoma otitis media undergoing tympanoplasty. The longer the course of disease, the higher the MERI. The higher the preoperative ABG, the higher the preoperative OM-6 score. The higher the risk of poor hearing recovery after TEES operation in children with cholestatoma otitis media, which needs clinical attention. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The correlation between serum Apelin, IGF-2 and GLUT1 levels with tumor proliferation and recurrence in children with hemangioma YAN Taoran, TIAN Yu, GUO Xuesong 2025, 53 (4):  378-382.  doi: 10.11958/20242337 Abstract ( 68 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (819KB) ( 15 )   Objective To investigate the relationship between serum endogenous ligand (Apelin), insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and tumor hyperplasia and recurrence after withdrawal propranolol in infantile hemangioma (IH) children. Methods A total of 126 IH patients were selected and divided into the proliferative phase group (74 cases) and the involuting phase group (52 cases) based on the pathological results. Meanwhile, 56 patients with vascular malformations were selected as the vascular malformation group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the serum levels of Apelin, IGF-2 and GLUT1 on the day after admission. All IH patients were treated with propranolol for 3 months. According to the follow-up results, IH patients were divided into the recurrence group (43 cases) and the non-recurrence group (83 cases). Serum levels of Apelin, IGF-2 and GLUT1 were compared between different groups of patients. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze risk factors for recurrence after propranolol discontinuation in IH patients. The prediction value of serum Apelin, IGF-2 and GLUT1 levels for recurrence after propranolol discontinuation in IH patients was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results Compared with the vascular malformation group, serum levels of Apelin, IGF-2 and GLUT1were increased in the IH group (P<0.05). Compared with the degenerative group, serum levels of Apelin, IGF-2 and GLUT1 were increased in the proliferative group (P<0.05). Serum levels of Apelin, IGF-2 and GLUT1 were significantly higher in the recurrence group than those in the non-recurrence group (P<0.05). The increased Apelin, IGF-2 and GLUT1, and hemangioma grade I -II after treatment were independent risk factors for recurrence after withdrawal of propranolol in children with IH (P<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of Apelin, IGF-2 and GLUT1 combined predicted IH recurrence was better than that of simple prediction (P<0.05). Conclusion The increased serum levels of Apelin, IGF-2 and GLUT1 in IH patients can be used as serum indicators to predict tumor hyperplasia and recurrence after propranolol withdrawal in patients. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation between levels of sTim-3 and sST2 in peripheral blood and disease severity in patients with alcoholic liver disease ZHENG Shaoyang, ZHI Hui, WANG Man, WU Bing, ZHANG Qingge, LI Guanyang 2025, 53 (4):  383-388.  doi: 10.11958/20241794 Abstract ( 86 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1050KB) ( 10 )   Objective To investigate levels of soluble T cell immunoglobulin mucin domain 3 (sTim-3) and soluble growth stimulating gene expression protein 2 (sST2) in peripheral blood of patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD), and their correlation with disease severity. Methods A total of 112 ALD patients in our hospital from June 2021 to June 2023 were selected as the ALD group, including 47 patients with alcoholic fatty liver (AFL group), 37 patients with alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH group) and 28 patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC group). Another 112 healthy subjects were used as the control group. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was applied to detect serum levels of sTim-3 and sST2. ROC curve was used to analyze the diagnostic value of sTim-3 and sST2 in different clinical types of ALD. The correlation between serum sTim-3, sST2 levels and clinical indicators in ALD patients was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. The factors influencing disease severity in ALD patients was analyzed by Logistic regression model. Results The serum levels of sTim-3 and sST2 were higher in the ALD group than those in the control group (P<0.05). The serum levels of sTim-3 and sST2 were increased successively in the AFL group, the ASH group and the ALC group (P<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of the combined diagnosis of ALC and ASH by sTim-3 and sST2 was significantly larger than that of AUC of the single diagnosis of sTim-3 and sST2 (P<0.05). Levels of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (ALT), glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) were increased successively in the AFL group, the ASH group and the ALC group (P<0.05). The serum levels of sTim-3 and sST2 were positively correlated with levels of ALT, AST, TBIL, ALP and GGT, respectively (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that high levels of sTim-3 and sST2 were independent risk factors for severe disease in ALD patients (P<0.05). Conclusion The serum levels of sTim-3 and sST2 increase in ALD patients, which are related to disease severity in ALD patients. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical observation of HongjinXiaojie capsule in the treatment of hematomas after minimally invasive vacuum-assisted Mammotome mastectomy SUN Yunyun, MIN Meilin, XU Libo 2025, 53 (4):  389-392.  doi: 10.11958/20241932 Abstract ( 93 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (783KB) ( 32 )   Objective To observe the efficacy of Hongjin Xiaojie capsules in treating hematoma after Mammotome minimally invasive excision and to determine the common clinical complications such as hematoma and pain after the surgery. Methods A total of 70 patients who developed hematoma within 72 hours after Mammotome minimally invasive excision for breast lumps at our hospital were selected. Based on different treatment methods, patients were divided into the observation group and the control group, with 35 cases in each group. The control group received only external hot compress treatment, while the observation group received local hot compress combined with oral administration of Hongjin Xiaojie Capsule for 4 weeks. Follow-up was conducted every 4 weeks postoperatively for a total of 12 weeks. Color ultrasound was performed to monitor the size of the hematoma. Changes in pain visual analog scale (VAS) scores and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores for blood stasis were compared between the two groups of patients during follow-up. Results Four weeks after operation, the pain VAS score was significantly lower in the observation group than that in the control group [2 (1, 3) points vs. 3 (2, 4) points, P<0.05], and the proportion of hematoma was lower in the observation group than that in the control group (45.7% vs. 82.9%, P<0.05). At 12 weeks after surgery, there were no significant differences in pain scores or hematoma proportions between the two groups. The TCM symptom scores were lower in the observation group than those of the control group at 4 weeks and 12 weeks after operation (P<0.05). Conclusion Hongjin Xiaojie capsule can promote the absorption of hematoma after Mammotome surgery, effectively alleviate breast hematoma and pain, and have high safety, demonstrating broad clinical application value. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression levels and clinical significance of Galectin-3, IL-1β and IL-9 in peripheral blood of children with refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia HE Qianqian, HUANG Han, LIANG Lihong, WU Linlin, LIANG Dongge 2025, 53 (4):  393-397.  doi: 10.11958/20250076 Abstract ( 108 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (816KB) ( 42 )   Objective To investigate the expression levels and clinical significance of Galectin-3, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-9 in peripheral blood of children with refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP). Methods A total of 132 hospitalized children diagnosed with RMPP were selected as the RMPP group, and another 128 children with general MPP (GMPP) in the same period were selected as the GMPP group. The clinical data of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and procalcitonin (PCT) in pediatric patients were collected. The expression levels of Galectin-3, IL-1β and IL-9 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The correlation between Galectin-3, IL-1β and IL-9 levels in peripheral blood of RMPP children and clinical factors were analyzed by Pearson or Spearman methods. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze risk factors of GMPP progression to RMPP. The predictive value of peripheral blood Galectin-3, IL-1β and IL-9 levels to RMPP was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results The heat course, CRP, TNF-α, PCT, Galectin-3, IL-1β, IL-9 and the proportion of extrapulmonary complications were higher in the RMPP group than those in the GMPP group (P<0.01). The correlation analysis results showed that Galectin-3, IL-1β and IL-9 levels were positively correlated with heat course, extrapulmonary complications, CRP, TNF-α and PCT (P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that the increased levels of Galectin-3, IL-1β and IL-9 were independent risk factors for GMPP progression to RMPP (P<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of peripheral blood Galectin-3, IL-1β, IL-9 and their combined prediction of GMPP progression to RMPP were 0.852, 0.813, 0.812 and 0.949, respectively, and the combined prediction showed the highest efficacy (P<0.01). Conclusion The levels of Galectin-3, IL-1β and IL-9 in the peripheral blood of children with RMPP are abnormally elevated, and their combined detection can be used as an important indicator for evaluating the progression of GMPP to RMPP. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Changes and clinical significance of serum SOCS-1, sTREM-2 and ACLY in patients with pulmonary Klebsiella pneumoniae infection PENG Xi, YANG Lili, LIU Min, ZHANG Junmei 2025, 53 (4):  397-401.  doi: 10.11958/20241790 Abstract ( 91 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (800KB) ( 15 )   Objective To investigate changes and clinical significance of serum cytokine signaling inhibitor-1 (SOCS-1), soluble myeloid triggering receptor-2 (sTREM-2) and ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) in patients with pulmonary Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. Methods A total of 100 patients infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae were selected as the infection group, and 70 healthy subjects in our hospital were selected as the control group. According to the pneumonia severity index (PSI) score, patients of the infection group were divided into the severe group (PSI>90, 32 cases) and the mild group (PSI≤90, 68 cases). The expression levels of SOCS-1, sTREM-2 and ACLY in the infection group and the control group were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Pearson method was used to analyze the relationship between serum levels of SOCS-1, sTREM-2, ACLY and PSI scores in the infection group. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze factors affecting the disease status of patients with pulmonary Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. The diagnostic value of serum levels of SOCS-1, sTREM-2 and ACLY in patients with Klebsiella pneumoniae infection was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results The levels of white blood cell (WBC) count, procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), serum SOCS-1, sTREM-2 and ACLY were higher in the infection group than those in the control group (P<0.01). In infection group, serum levels of SOCS-1, sTREM-2 and ACLY were positively correlated with PSI scores (r=0.419, 0.373, 0.391, P<0.05). Serum levels of SOCS-1, sTREM-2 and ACLY were higher in the severe group than those in the mild group (P<0.01). The elevated serum SOCS-1, sTREM-2 and ACLY were risk factors for severe disease in patients with pulmonary Klebsiella pneumoniae infection (P<0.05). The areas under the curve (AUC) of SOCS-1, sTREM-2 and ACLY alone and in combination for the diagnosis of severe pulmonary Klebsiella pneumoniae infection were 0.787, 0.837, 0.847 and 0.929, respectively, and the combined diagnostic efficiency was the highest. Conclusion Serum SOCS-1, sTREM-2 and ACLY are elevated in patients with pulmonary Klebsiella pneumoniae infection, and their expression levels are related to the condition of patients with pulmonary Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. The combined detection of the three is better than testing alone for severe pulmonary Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between ventricular arterial coupling and haemodynamics in patients with sepsis and its predictive value for prognosis FAN Yongjun, LIU Wenfang, LU Yachao 2025, 53 (4):  402-406.  doi: 10.11958/20242154 Abstract ( 74 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (783KB) ( 8 )   Objective To investigate the relationship between ventricular arterial coupling (VAC) and haemodynamics of patients with sepsis and the predictive value for the 28-day prognosis. Methods A total of 164 patients with sepsis were selected and given fluid resuscitation treatment (infusion of 30 mL/kg of crystalloid over 3 h), and changes of VAC[effective aortic elasticity (Ea)/ventricular end-systolic elasticity (Ees)]values and hemodynamic parameters of patients resuscitated for 0 h, 24 h and 72 h were observed. The difference between Ea/Ees for 24 h and 72 h of resuscitation and 0 h was calculated. Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between Ea/Ees and Δcentral venous pressure (CVP), Δspiratory volume index (SVI) and Δcardiac index (CI). According to the 28-day prognosis, patients were divided into two groups: the survival group (123 cases) and the death group (41 cases). General information was collected in two groups of patients. The predictive values of 24 h ΔEa/Ees and 72 h ΔEa/Ees for 28-day death in sepsis patients were analyzed by multivariate Cox regression models and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve. Results The Ea/Ees of 164 patients resuscitated for 24 h and 72 h were lower than those of 0 h, and the Ea/Ees of 72 h was lower than that of 24 h (all P<0.05). CVP, SVI and CI of 164 patients resuscitated for 24 h and 72 h were higher than those of 0 h, and the CVP, SVI and CI of 24 h was higher than that of 72 h (all P< 0.05). The 24 h ΔEa/Ees was significantly lower than that of 72 h ΔEa/Ees (P<0.05), and 24 h ΔCVP, SVI and CI were higher than those of 72 h (P<0.05). There was a negative correlation between 24 h ΔEa/Ees and 24 h ΔCVP, 24 h ΔSVI and 24 h ΔCI (P<0.05). Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Status Score II (APACHE II) ≥20 points, Sequential Organ Failure Score (SOFA)≥10 points, 24 h ΔEa/Ees and 72 h ΔEa/Ees were higher in the death group than those in the survival group (P<0.05). Elevated APACHE II, SOFA, 24 h ΔEa/Ees and 72 h ΔEa/Ees were risk factors affecting the 28-day prognosis of patients with sepsis (P<0.05). The 24-hour ΔEa/Ees and 72-hour ΔEa/Ees were more effective in predicting the 28 d prognosis of patients with sepsis (P<0.05). Conclusion Changes of Ea/Ees can better reflect the haemodynamic changes in sepsis patients in the early stages of treatment and help to predict the 28-day prognosis of sepsis patients. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of effects of endoscopic mucosal dissection and endoscopic mucosal resection on gastrointestinal function in patients with early gastric cancer HE Jinhua, WEI Jianan, WANG Liting 2025, 53 (4):  407-411.  doi: 10.11958/20241202 Abstract ( 91 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (769KB) ( 8 )   Objective To compare the effects of endoscopic mucosal dissection (ESD) and endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) on gastrointestinal function in patients with early gastric cancer. Methods According to different treatment methods, 86 patients with early gastric cancer were divided into the ESD group and the EMR group, with 43 cases in each group. The operation duration, postoperative exhaust time and hospital stay of the two groups were observed and compared. Inflammatory factors including interleukin (IL-6) and IL-8 before surgery and 1 month after surgery were compared between the two groups of patients. Gastrointestinal hormone indexes including motilin (MTL), gastrin (GAS), apoptosis-related factors including anti-apoptotic factor (Livin) and epidermal growth factor (EGF), European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Scale (QLQ-C30) score before surgery, 3 months after surgery and 6 months after surgery were compared between the two groups of patients. An adverse reaction was also compared between the two groups of patients. Results The operation time, postoperative exhaust time and hospital stay were shorter in the ESD group than those of the EMR group (P<0.05), and the intraoperative blood loss was significantly less than that of the EMR group (P<0.05). Compared with the pre-operation, serological indexes such as IL-6, IL-8, MTL, GAS and Livin were decreased after surgery in the two groups (P<0.05). One month after surgery, IL-6, IL-8 and Livin were decreased, and MTL and GAS were increased in the ESD group compared with those of the EMR group (P<0.05). QLQ-C30 scores were higher at 3 months and 6 months after operation than those before operation in both groups, and the QLQ-C30 scores of the two groups were significantly higher at 6 months after operation (P<0.05). The scale scores of the ESD group were significantly higher than those of the EMR group at 3 months and 6 months after operation (P<0.05). The overall incidence rates of adverse reactions were (4.65%) in the ESD group and (20.93%) in the EMR group (P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with EMR, ESD can more effectively improve the gastrointestinal function, improve the quality of life and reduce the levels of inflammation and apoptosis-related factors in patients with early gastric cancer. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of therapeutic effect of single-hole VATS under non-intubated thoracoscopic surgery epidural anesthesia in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer DING Ming, RONG Guoxiang, PAN Zhongjun 2025, 53 (4):  411-415.  doi: 10.11958/20250130 Abstract ( 100 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (771KB) ( 10 )   Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of non-intubated thoracoscopic surgery in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods A total of 180 NSCLC patients were selected and matched by propensity score proximity matching method. Patients were divided into the group A, the group B, the group C and the group D, with 45 cases each. Patients in the group A underwent non-intubated thoracoscopic surgery epidural anesthesia with single operation hole operation, the group B underwent non-intubated thoracoscopic surgery epidural anesthesia with three operation holes, the group C underwent double-cavity tracheal intubation with general anesthesia with single operation hole operation and the group D underwent double-cavity tracheal intubation with three operation holes under general anesthesia. Anesthesia related indexes, surgical related indexes, CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, 1-second forced expiratory volume (FEV1), maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV), forced vital capacity (FVC) and complication rate of the 4 groups were compared 1 day before surgery and 1 month after surgery. Results The anesthetic preparation time, first anal exhaust time and first getting out of bed time were shorter in the group A and the group B than those in the group C and the group D, and the dosage of propofol and remifentanil was lower in the group A and the group B than that in the group C and the group D (P<0.05). Compared with the other 3 groups, the group A had the shortest postoperative drainage and hospital stay, and the highest CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ and FEV1, FVC and MVV at 1 month after surgery (P<0.05). One month after surgery, CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, FEV1, FVC and MVV were lower than 1 day before surgery in the 4 groups. The total incidence of postoperative complications was lower in the group A than that of the other 3 groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Non-intubated thoracoscopic surgery with epidural anesthesia and single operation hole can improve the clinical efficacy of NSCLC patients, reduce the dosage of opioids and have good safety. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of risk factors for secondary traumatic coagulopathy in traffic trauma patients SONG Zhixin, YE Jianjun, YANG Daowu 2025, 53 (4):  416-419.  doi: 10.11958/20242187 Abstract ( 87 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (897KB) ( 5 )   Objective To investigate the risk factors of secondary traumatic coagulopathy in patients with traffic trauma. Methods A total of 122 patients with traffic trauma in Department of Emergency Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University (Dongcheng Hospital) from April 2022 to March 2023 were retrospectively collected. Patients were divided into the occurrence group (n=30) and the non-occurrence group (n=92). Body temperature, acidosis, hematoma enlargement after head CT examination, Glasgow coma score (GCS), trauma severity score (ISS), platelet count (PLT) and hemoglobin (Hb) at admission were collected and compared between the two groups. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze risk factors of secondary traumatic coagulopathy in traffic trauma patients, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of related factors for secondary traumatic coagulopathy. Results The body temperature, GCS, PLT and Hb in the occurrence group were lower than those in the non-occurrence group, while the ISS, incidence of acidosis and the incidence of increased hematoma after CT examination were higher than those in the non-occurrence group (all P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that low GCS, low Hb level, high ISS, acidosis and increased hematoma after head CT examination were risk factors at admission (P < 0.05). The area under ROC curve (AUC) of the five factors combined for secondary traumatic coagulopathy in traffic trauma patients was 0.963, sensitivity was 83.3% and specificity was 96.7%. Conclusion Decreased GCS and Hb on admission, high ISS, acidosis and increased hematoma during head CT review are risk factors for secondary traumatic cotting disorder in traffic trauma patients, and the combination of these factors has high predictive value. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Diagnostic value of serum sST2 and DcR3 combined with dynamic electrocardiogram in silent myocardial ischemia ZHANG Yehang, NIU Xiangdong, GENG Yiming 2025, 53 (4):  420-424.  doi: 10.11958/20242260 Abstract ( 96 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (804KB) ( 6 )   Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of serum soluble growth stimulation expressed gene 2 (sST2), decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) and dynamic electrocardiogram (DCG) for asymptomatic myocardial ischemia (SMI). Methods Eighty-five patients with coronary heart disease were selected as observation subjects (the observation group). Sixty-one SMI patients were confirmed by coronary angiography (the SMI group). Among them, there were 24 cases with symptomatic myocardial ischemia (the symptomatic myocardial ischemia group). During the same period, 84 patients with unexplained chest pain who were examined in our hospital and without coronary heart disease were selected as the control group. ELISA was applied to detect serum levels of sST2 and DcR3. ROC was used to analyze the diagnostic value of serum sST2, DcR3 and DCG for SMI. Multivariate Logistic regression was applied to analyze the influencing factors of SMI. Results The serum level of sST2 was higher in the observation group than that in the control group[(55.61±7.12) μg/L vs. (14.22±3.64) μg/L], while the level of DcR3 was lower than that in the control group[(0.68±0.11) μg/L vs. (1.24±0.21) μg/L](P<0.05). The serum level of sST2 was higher in the SMI group than that in the symptomatic myocardial ischemia group[(59.28± 7.12) μg/L vs. (46.28±8.15) μg/L], while the level of DcR3 was lower than that in the symptomatic myocardial ischemia group[(0.63±0.11) μg/L vs. (0.81±0.14) μg/L] (P<0.05). The heart rate of the SMI group was higher than that of the symptomatic myocardial ischemia group, and the duration of ischemia and the decrease in ST segment were lower than those of the symptomatic myocardial ischemia group (P<0.05). ROC curve results showed that the AUC values of serum sST2, DcR3 and DCG alone and in their combination for diagnosing SMI in patients with coronary heart disease were 0.826, 0.882, 0.773, and 0.958, respectively, and the combined diagnosis of SMI was superior to individual diagnosis (Z=3.188, 2.225, 2.770, P<0.05). sST2 and DcR3 were influencing factors of SMI occurrence (P<0.05). Conclusion The increased serum sST2 and the decreased DcR3 are closely related to the occurrence of SMI, and the combination of serum sST2 and DcR3 with DCG has certain diagnostic value for SMI. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Drug Clinical Evaluations

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Effect of remimazolam on recovery quality of children with strabismus surgery under general anesthesia MIAO Yan, ZHU Lei, FAN Yuanhui 2025, 53 (4):  425-428.  doi: 10.11958/20250308 Abstract ( 94 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (757KB) ( 8 )   Objective To compare the effects of remimazolam and propofol on the quality of recovery in children with strabismus surgery under general anesthesia. Methods A total of 100 children scheduled for strabismus surgery were enrolled and randomly assigned to the remimazolam group (R group) or the propofol group (P group). Children in the R group received intravenous remimazolam 0.2 mg/kg, followed by remimazolam infusion at a rate of 1-3 mg·kg-1·h-1. Children in the P group received intravenous propofol 2.5 mg/kg, followed by propofol infusion at a rate of 4-12 mg·kg-1·h-1. The intraoperative hypotension, extubation time, post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) stay time, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and incidence of emergence agitation were recorded in the two groups of patients. Emergence agitation was assessed using the Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale. Results A total of 49 and 50 children were included in the R group and the P group, respectively. Compared with the P group, the R group showed a significant increase in mean arterial pressure and heart rate at 15 minutes after the start of surgery (P < 0.05). The incidence of intraoperative hypotension (14.3% vs. 46.0%) and emergence agitation (14.3% vs. 38.0%) were significantly lower in the R group than those in the P group (P < 0.05). The extubation time [(15.7±5.8) min vs. (11.3±4.6) min], PACU stay time [(27.5±7.3) min vs. (23.2±6.5) min] were significantly longer in the R group than those in the P group, while the highest PAED score [(7.6±2.9) vs. (9.4±3.3)] was significantly lower in the R group than that in the P group, (P < 0.05). Conclusion Compared with propofol, remimazolam can reduce the risk of emergence agitation in children undergoing strabismus surgery under general anesthesia, and has advantages in maintaining hemodynamic stability during surgery. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect evaluation of Kushen Huangqi decoction combined with Aidi injection in the treatment of primary liver cancer YU Guanghua, SONG Chunyan, SONG Xue 2025, 53 (4):  429-433.  doi: 10.11958/20242336 Abstract ( 94 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (761KB) ( 7 )   Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of Kushen Huangqi decoction combined with Aidi injection on primary liver cancer and its impacts on immune function and quality of life. Methods A total of 110 patients with primary liver cancer were randomly divided into the combined group (n=55) and the control group (n=55). The control group was treated with Aidi injection (50 mL) on the basis of routine treatment, and the combined group was treated with Kushen Huangqi decoction on the basis of the control group. The healing effects, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptom scores, quality of life[Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score, the MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36)], liver function indicators[total bilirubin (TBIL), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT)] and immune function indicators before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, the KPS score, SF-36 score, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ were increased in the two groups, and those in the combined group were higher than the control group. The TCM symptom scores, AST, TBIL, ALT and CD8+ were decreased in the two groups, and those in the combined group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The combination of Kushen Huangqi decoction and Aidi injection is beneficial for enhancing immune function, reducing Chinese medicine syndrome scores and liver function damage, improving efficacy and quality of life in treating primary liver cancer. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Applied Research

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Construction and verification of pertussis infection characteristic analysis and symptom combination prediction model in patients with cough ZHAO Jingjing, LIU Yamin, SUO Rui, WUMAIER Ruxianguli, LIU Shuangjun, LI Ying, ZHAO Xiaoyun 2025, 53 (4):  434-439.  doi: 10.11958/20242314 Abstract ( 103 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (988KB) ( 10 )   Objective To investigate the prevalence and symptoms of pertussis in patients with cough, and to predict individual risk based on the combination of symptoms. Methods A total of 1 025 patients with cough or contact with pertussis patients were included. Pertussis was confirmed by nasopharyngeal swab PCR. Patients were divided into the juvenile group (278 cases) and the adult group (747 cases) according to age. The duration of cough from onset to study participation, the visual analogue (VAS) score of cough degree and the number of basic symptoms (paroxysmal cough, vomiting after cough, crowing cough, pauses in breathing after cough and fever) were compared between the two groups. The confirmed patients were further grouped by age, and the different symptoms were compared. 70% of the sample was used as the training set. Based on the combination of symptoms (paroxysmal cough, post-cough vomiting, chick-crooning cough and pauses in inspirations after coughing), multivariate Logistic regression was used to establish the prediction model and draw the nomogram. 30% of the sample was used as the validation set, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn. The differentiation of the area under the curve (AUC) evaluation model was calculated. The calibration degree of the model was evaluated by Hosmer-Lemeshow test, and calibration curve was drawn to evaluate the model. Results By PCR, 163 cases (15.9%) were confirmed as pertussis. The juvenile group had a longer duration of cough from onset to study participation than the adult group (P < 0.05). The VAS score of cough severity was higher, and the number of basic symptoms of pertussis was more (P < 0.01). In confirmed cases, the proportion of paroxysmal cough, vomiting after cough, crowing cough and inspiratory pause after cough was higher in the juvenile group than that in the adult group (P < 0.01). In the diagnosed cases, the incidence of paroxysmal cough and post-cough vomiting were higher in the <1-year-old group compared to the 1-9-year-old group and the ≥10-year-old group (P < 0.05). The combination of paroxysmal cough, vomiting after cough, crowing cough and inspiratory pause after cough was selected by Logistic regression analysis to establish a nomogram model. The AUC of this model in the training set was 0.852, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test χ2=0.208, P = 0.901, and in the verification set, the AUC was 0.899, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test χ2=4.202, P = 0.122. The predicted value in the calibration curve was very close to the theoretical value in the training set and the verification set, and the fitting degree was high. Conclusion The infection rate of pertussis is high in patients with cough. The nomogram model based on combined symptoms has a better prediction effect on pertussis differentiation, which can provide reference for the monitoring of pertussis. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Predictive value of proximal angle of atherosclerosis carotid plaque and distribution of neovascularization in evaluating the recurrence of cerebral infarction HU Ziyue, ZHENG Ruyu, LIU Dan, TANG Shan, KAN Yanmin, JING Xiang, LI Qian 2025, 53 (4):  439-443.  doi: 10.11958/20242130 Abstract ( 82 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (994KB) ( 9 )   Objective To explore the correlation between the proximal angle of carotid atherosclerotic plaques and neovascularization scores, and their clinical application value in predicting recurrent cerebral infarction. Methods A total of 88 patients who underwent carotid plaque ultrasound examination in our hospital were selected. According to CT/MRI results, patients were divided into the non-cerebral infarction group (45 cases) and the cerebral infarction group (43 cases). Conventional ultrasound examination was performed followed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Plaque length, thickness and proximal angle were measured, and the neovascularization score of the proximal end was evaluated using contrast-enhanced ultrasound, and the results were compared and analyzed. Results In the cerebral infarction group, plaque thickness, proximal angle, and neovascularization score were significantly higher than those in the non-cerebral infarction group (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in plaque length. The proportion of plaques with a proximal neovascularization score of 2 or 3 was higher in the cerebral infarction group than those of the non-cerebral infarction group (79.1% vs. 24.4%, P<0.01). A positive correlation was found between the proximal angle and neovascularization score in all patients (rs=0.374, P<0.01). There was no significant difference between the area under the ROC curve for neovascularization score in predicting recurrent cerebral infarction and the proximal angle (P>0.05). The optimal cutoff value of the proximal angle was 18.8, and the sensitivity and the specificity for predicting recurrent cerebral infarction were 93.0% and 62.2%. In the cerebral infarction group, seven patients (16.3%) had recurrent infarction within one year, and these patients had higher proximal neovascularization scores, with angles greater than 18.8°. Conclusion There is a strong correlation between proximal angle of carotid plaques and neovascularization score, which has a positive predictive role in the recurrence of cerebral infarction, providing a reliable auxiliary diagnostic basis for clinical practice. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Review

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Research progress of oxidative stress and antioxidants in acute pancreatitis DING Yangjuan, XIA Shihai, XU Wei, GAO Qinghong, LIU Taotao 2025, 53 (4):  444-448.  doi: 10.11958/20242366 Abstract ( 93 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (762KB) ( 16 )   Acute pancreatitis (AP), one of the most common acute abdominal conditions in clinical practice, is typically self-limiting. However, approximately 20% of cases progress to severe acute pancreatitis, characterized by persistent systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome,with a high mortality rates. The pathogenesis of AP involves complex pathophysiological processes, and in recent years, the role of oxidative stress (OS) in AP has garnered increasing attention. OS refers to an imbalance between reactive oxygen species production and antioxidant capacity following endogenous or exogenous stimuli, which can lead to pancreatic cell injury, exacerbation of inflammatory responses, and organ dysfunction. Notably, antioxidants have demonstrated efficacy in reducing OS-induced pancreatic damage and multi-organ dysfunction in animal models. This article reviews current molecular mechanisms of OS in AP, its role in disease progression and recent advances in antioxidant-based therapeutic strategies for AP. References | Related Articles | Metrics