Abstract: Objective　To investigate the effect of helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection on peripheral arterial stiffness and 10-year cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods　DM patients who were tested for Hp infection in physical examination center of our hospital from January 2015 to December 2019 were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into DMHp+ group and DMHp- group according to the Hp results. The hypertension, hyperlipidemia and smoking history were collected, and blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C)，fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were also collected in the two groups. The peripheral arterial stiffness was measured by brachial to ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). The Framingham risk score (FRS) and Chinese ICVD 10-year risk assessment model were used to assess the 10-year cardiovascular risk and stratification. Results　(1) A total of 6 767 patients were included in the study, including 2 789 patients in the DMHp+ group and 3 978 patients in the DMHp- group. Data of age, percentage of male population, blood pressure, FBG and HbA1c were significantly higher in DMHp+ group compared with those of DMHp- group (P＜0.05). The BMI and HDL-C level was significantly lower in DMHp+ group compared with that of DMHp- group (P＜0.05). (2) The right, left and mean baPWV were significantly higher in DMHp+ group compared with those of DMHp- group（P＜0.01). The percentage of patients with severe peripheral arterial stiffness was higher in DMHp+ group than that of DMHp- group. The percentage of patients with normal, mild and moderate peripheral arterial stiffness was lower in DMHp + group than that of DMHp- group. (3) FRS and ICVD scores were significantly higher in DMHp+ group than those of the DMHp-group (P＜0.05). In the 10-year cardiovascular event assessment model, the percentage population of the high-risk (FRS and ICVD scores) was higher in DMHp+ group than that of DMHp- group (P＜0.01). Conclusion　Hp infection can accelerate pathologic progress of peripheral arterial stiffness and enhance 10-year cardiovascular disease risk in patients with DM.