Abstract: Abstract Objective：In this study we aimed to evaluate the outcome of diaphragmatic plication for unilateral diaphragmatic Eventration and to explore the role of sniff test in the diagnosis and treatment of diaphragmatic Eventration. Methods：Sixteen patients who underwent unilateral diaphragmatic plication between 2003 and 2009 were evaluated. Accroding to sniff test, ten patients(positive group) were shown to have paradoxical movement of the diaphragm and six patients(negative group) weren’t preopreatively. Before and after plication, pulmonary function, dyspnea index and arterial oxygen tension were assessed. Results：All variables showed signi?cant improvement after plication in the positive group（P<0.01）, however, in the negative group only arterial oxygen tension showed significant improvement after operation. The positive and negative groups showed significant difference of operative effective. Conclusion：Diaphragm plication provides excellent results for patients with positive result of sniff test.Sniff test has important clinical value in predicting the outcomes of diaphragmatic plication for unilateral diaphragmatic Eventration.

Key words: Diaphragmatic eventration, Sniff test, Plication