Abstract: Atherosclerosis is the pathological basis of coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke and peripheral vascular disease (atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, ASCVD). Blood cholesterol levels are closely related to ASCVD. The prevalence and mortality of cardiovascular disease are increasing in China, which is a difficult task. The lipid management goal is to reduce the risk of ASCVD. Atherogenic cholesterol-non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) are used as the primary targets of therapy, which may be more appropriate for lipid management setting dislipidaemia value applied to Chinese clinic. Lifestyle intervention is the basis of lipid management. Effective prevention and treatment of ASCVD require the comprehensive intervention of risk factors.

Key words: arteriosclerosis, cholesterol, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, lipid management