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Expression of ERG gene in tumor and its clinical research progress WANG Wen-jun, YU Yu, CUI Jiu-wei Tianjin Medical Journal    2019, 47 (2): 213-220.   DOI: 10.11958/20181058 Abstract （2149）      PDF （539KB）（8978）       Knowledge map    ETS-related gene (ERG) belongs to the E26 transformation-specific (EST) transcription factor family and plays an important role in the development and production of blood vessels, hematopoietic system and cartilage development. In recent years, more and more studies have found that ERG gene overexpression occurs in some tumors, thereby promoting tumor cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis, and involving in the occurrence and development of tumors, such as prostate cancer (PCa), Ewing's sarcoma (EWS), leukemia, cartilage tumors. However, the specific mechanism of the action of ERG in these tumors is not yet fully clear. At present, the application of ERG in the diagnosis and prognosis of tumors has become a research hotspot. Some drugs that target ERG and its downstream signaling pathways and target genes are in clinical trials. This article reviews the expression, mechanism of action and clinical application of ERG gene in tumors. Related Articles | Metrics

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The research progress on Notch signaling pathway in the regulation of Treg/Th17 cells ZHANG Shan, LIU Bao-shan Tianjin Med J    2018, 46 (5): 548-552.   DOI: 10.11958/20180137 Abstract （827）      PDF （366KB）（6122）       Knowledge map    Abstract: Notch family, a kind of important transmembrane signaling proteins, is highly evolutionarily conserved in the development process of multicellular organisms. Notch signaling pathway can precisely regulate cell development process through the interaction between neighboring cells, such as cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. The regulatory T (Treg) cells and T helper 17 (Th17) cells are new types of CD4+ T cell subsets. In the physiological state of the organism, they can secrete relevant various kinds of cytokines, and systematically regulate the balance of immune system. In recent years, more and more studies have found that close relationship between Notch signaling pathway and Treg / Th17 cell balance, which is extensively involved in the various diseases. Therefore, this paper briefly reviewed the regulation mechanism of Notch signaling pathway on Treg/Th17 cells in diseases such as hematological diseases and autoimmune diseases. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of STAT3 signaling pathway in insulin resistance #br# LIU Hong-fei, WEI Cui-ying Tianjin Medical Journal    2020, 48 (4): 343-347.   DOI: 10.11958/20192717 Abstract （728）      PDF （382KB）（5810）       Knowledge map    Insulin resistance (IR) is an important mechanism of type 2 diabetes. It affects the transmission of various signaling pathways, thereby disrupting glucose metabolism. Signaling and the transcriptional activation factor 3 (STAT3) pathway are important pathways that regulate gene transcription. There is evidence that STAT3 signaling pathway is a key factor of IR, which can regulate the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) /phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase (P13K) / protein kinase B (PKB) pathway and other insulin-related pathways. The STAT3 signaling pathway is activated by the upstream cytokine interleukin-22 (IL-22) and is involved in the regulation of glucose metabolism. It is a current research hotspot. This article reviews the relationship between the STAT3 pathway and IR to further clarify the pathogenesis of glucose metabolism. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the mechanism of dura mater in the growth and development of skull/meninges/brain tissue system LIU Song, LI Wenbin, SHAO Guo, ZHANG Chunyang, FENG Shijun Tianjin Medical Journal    2024, 52 (11): 1226-1232.   DOI: 10.11958/20240842 Abstract （276）   HTML （3）    PDF （868KB）（1797）       Knowledge map    Dura mater is a tough collagen connective tissue attached to inner surface of skull and wrapped around brain. As a buffer bridge between brain tissue and skull, its physiological function and role in skull development and repair have always been a focus of research. Recent studies have found that dura mater not only directly participates in skull development during skull growth, but also secretes a variety of cytokines that control the development of central nervous system. There are abundant material exchange and cell communication between the two. This article reviews the role of dura in development and repair of skull, and provides clues for further discovery of the relevant mechanisms of dura in development and repair of skull. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the role of high mobility group protein B1 and Toll- like receptor 4 in ARDS SHU Xiaoyi, LI Youxia, FAN Shaohui, WANG Hongman Tianjin Medical Journal    2022, 50 (4): 433-438.   DOI: 10.11958/20212451 Abstract （920）      PDF （423KB）（4239）       Knowledge map    The pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is complex, inflammation plays an important role in the pathological process of ARDS. Many studies have shown that high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) and tolllike receptor 4 (TLR4), as inflammatory mediators, are important components in ARDS, which may become the therapeutic target of ARDS. This article reviews the role of HMGB1, TLR4 and HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway in the development of inflammation and the related treatment progression of ARDS. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of CREB in angiogenesis, anti-apoptosis and lung cancer LIU Xiao, DUAN Yong, ZHANG Yan-liang Tianjin Med J    2019, 47 (4): 431-435.   DOI: 10.11958/20182109 Abstract （743）      PDF （365KB）（5152）       Knowledge map    cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) has been widely studied as a transcriptional factor in the field of long-term memory formation and the development and treatment of various malignant tumors. This review summarized the research progress of CREB gene in neovascularization, cell proliferation and anti-apoptosis, and the relationship between CREB geen and the carcinogenic process of nicotine and tumors (especially lung cancer) in order to provide references for future research of CREB family proteins. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the relationship between TMAO of new biomarkers and #br# cardiovascular diseases#br# WANG Jie, GAO Jing Tianjin Medical Journal    2020, 48 (12): 1244-1248.   DOI: 10.11958/20200333 Abstract （1471）      PDF （393KB）（7970）       Knowledge map    The relationship between gut microbiota and its metabolites and cardiovascular disease is a hot topic in cardiovascular research. It has made great progress in the basic and clinical research of gut microbiota in regulating cardiovascular physiology and disease progress. Some studies at home and abroad have shown that metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), the gut microbiota, has become a key factor affecting the development of cardiovascular disease. In recent years, clinical studies on the relationship between TMAO and development and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases have also made some achievements. Plasma TMAO levels can be used as new biomarkers for the risk stratification, diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases in the future, and the prediction of the occurrence of cardiovascular disease and the major cardiovascular events (MACE). This paper reviews the research progress of TMAO as a new biomarker and potential therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. Related Articles | Metrics

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Eucommia ulmoides leaves total flavonoids participate in the repair of neural function in rats with cerebral hemorrhage through RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway ZHANG Xiufeng, LI Xiaofei, LIU Ming, WANG Huijing Tianjin Medical Journal    2023, 51 (3): 252-258.   DOI: 10.11958/20221033 Abstract （553）   HTML （10）    PDF （1203KB）（2300）       Knowledge map    Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The mechanism of PM2.5 induced lung epithelial cell BEAS-2B injury based on RNA-sequencing HU Ling-juan, HE Xiang, ZHANG Lei, RAN Qin, LI Guo-ping Tianjin Medical Journal    2020, 48 (1): 1-7.   DOI: 10.11958/20192370 Abstract （823）      PDF （1129KB）（5390）       Knowledge map    Objective To investigate the effect of PM2.5 on gene expressions of lung epithelial cell BEAS-2B and explore the signaling pathway. Methods BEAS-2B cells were divided into control group (PBS treatment) and experimental group (PM2.5 treatment). Total RNA of each group was extracted 24h after RNA-sequencing. After quality control, the sequence was compared with the reference genome. The mapped data (reads) were used for the assembly of subsequent transcripts, and the expression quantity calculation was obtained. And the results were analyzed in the following terms: NR, Swiss-Prot, Pfam, COG (Evolutionary genealogy of genes), GO (Gene Ontology), KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of genes and genes) annotations in the six major databases. Differential expression genes (DEGs) were screened by DESeq2. Then, bioinformatics analysis was used to analyze the biological functions of DEGs, including GO and KEGG databases, and five key genes (FOSB, FOSL1, MUC5AC, CSF2 and IL-6) were detected by qRT-PCR for verification. Results The transcriptome data were compared between PM2.5 group and control group, and a total of 961 differentially expressed genes were obtained. Among them 453 genes were up-expressed and 508 genes were down-expressed. Through functional analysis of GO and KEGG, it was found that these differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in the regulation of protein phosphorylation, immune system process, positive regulation of signal transduction and apoptosis pathways. And they were significantly enriched in the IL-17 signaling pathway. qRT-PCR results showed that the relative expressions of key genes (FOSB, FOSL1 and IL-6) were significantly up-regulated in PM2.5 treatment group (P＜0.05), which was consistent with the results of RNA-seq. Conclusion It is possible that PM2.5 aggravates inflammatory response in beas-2b cells through regulating the key genes of the "IL-17 signaling pathway and promotes apoptosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Mechanism study of ATOX1 promoting biological behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through JAK2/STAT3 pathway MA Jiajia, ZHANG Yaping, YANG Bin, ZHAO Meiqi, JIANG Lu, HUANG Xiaoyu, FAN Luchang, WANG Fengmei Tianjin Medical Journal    2024, 52 (9): 907-912.   DOI: 10.11958/20240221 Abstract （333）   HTML （2）    PDF （1564KB）（1213）       Knowledge map    Objective To investigate the clinical significance of the expression of antioxidant 1 copper chaperone protein (ATOX1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its relationship with tumor proliferation, migration and invasion. Methods The expression of ATOX1 mRNA in HCC cancer tissue and normal liver tissue was analyzed using the Human Genome Atlas database. Immunohistochemical experiment was used to detect the expression of ATOX1 in 15 cases of HCC cancer tissue and adjacent tissue. Human HCC cell lines Hep3B and HepG2 were divided into the control group (NC), the ATOX1 knockdown group 1 (si-ATOX1#1) and the ATOX1 knockdown group 2 (si-ATOX1#2). The effects of ATOX1 knockdown on the malignant biological behavior of HCC cells were observed through CCK-8 cell proliferation experiment, scratch experiment and Transwell invasion experiments. A nude mouse xenograft tumor model was constructed to analyze the effect of ATOX1 knockdown on the quality and volume of transplanted tumors. Western blot assay was used to detect the relationship between ATOX1 and JAK2/STAT3 pathway protein expression. Results Bioinformatics analysis showed that expression of ATOX1 mRNA in HCC cancer tissue was higher than that in adjacent normal tissue (P<0.05). The immunohistochemical staining results showed that the positive rate of ATOX1 protein was higher in HCC cancer tissue than that in adjacent tissue (93.33% vs. 13.33%, P<0.01). In vitro experimental results showed that siRNA knockdown of ATOX1 protein expression in Hep3B and HepG2 cells significantly reduced the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of cancer cells (P<0.05). In vivo experiments in mice showed that the volume and weight of subcutaneous xenograft tumors were significantly smaller in the sh-ATOX1 group than those in the sh-con group (P<0.05). The expression levels of JAK2/STAT3 pathway-related proteins p-JAK2, p-STAT3, CyclinD1 and MMP2 were significantly lower in the subcutaneous transplanted tumor tissue of the sh-ATOX1 group than that of the sh-con group (P<0.05). Conclusion ATOX1 can promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC through JAK2/STAT3 pathway, which can potentially become a potential tumor marker and therapeutic target. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Systematic review of mindfulness intervention in improving physical and mental symptoms in diabetic patients ZENG Yan-li1, 2, WANG Guo-fu3, HU Xiu-ying4△ Tianjin Med J    2017, 45 (10): 1099-1107.   DOI: 10.11958/20170706 Abstract （1183）      PDF （623KB）（4773）       Knowledge map    Objective To evaluate the effect of mindfulness intervention (MBI) on physical and mental symptoms in patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods Data of the relevant MBI in the physical and psychological symptoms were reviewed in patients with diabetes. The quasi- experimental studies or randomized controlled trials were used to retrieval from May 2016, and back into the study of references. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the literature was screened and the quality was evaluated to extract the data. Review Manager 5.3 software was used for Meta- analysis. Results The total of 9 studies and 474 patients were included in this study. Patients were divided into MBI group (n=251) and control group (n=223). Meta- analysis showed that mindfulness therapy was effective in relieving depression, anxiety, stress and diabetes distress symptoms in diabetic patients compared with those of controls [MD=-5.35, 95%CI:-7.11- -3.59; MD=-1.91, 95%CI:-3.04- -0.79; MD=-4.65, 95%CI:-6.68- -2.44; MD=-6.37, 95%CI:-10.84- -1.90], the differences were statistical significance (P < 0.05). The improvement of the negative emotions was sustained long- term effect, and patients can benefit from it. The effects of MBI on the quality of life, whether short-term or long-term, were inconsistent and required further verification. The effects of glycemic control were generally better in MBI group than those of the control group. Conclusion Mindfulness intervention shows beneficial non-drug adjuvant therapy in reducing depression, anxiety, stress and diabetes related distress in patients with type 2 diabetes. The effects of MBI on improving the quality of life, blood glucose control need further verification. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of CX3CL1-CX3CR1 and the pathogenesis of sepsis PENG Ding-wei1, QIN Yue-qiu2, LIAO Pin-hu2△ Tianjin Med J    2017, 45 (4): 428-431.   DOI: 10.11958/20170042 Abstract （905）      PDF （328KB）（4633）       Knowledge map    Sepsis has poor prognosis, and its pathogenesis is not clear. Chemokine CX3CL1 (Fractalkine, FNK) has many functions such as chemotaxis, adhesion and mediate immune injury. CX3CR1 is the only receptor of CX3CL1 and participates in the development of sepsis. Here we review the structure, biological function and possible mechanism of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Predictive value of CALLY index for depression after ischemic stroke ZHANG Jingjing, ZHAO Wendong, ZHAO Yuan, ZHANG Qingxia, DU Jia, LIU Yanxia Tianjin Medical Journal    2024, 52 (12): 1300-1304.   DOI: 10.11958/20241063 Abstract （232）   HTML （0）    PDF （931KB）（1012）       Knowledge map    Objective To investigate the predictive value of CALLY index for ischemic post-stroke depression (PSD). Methods The clinical data of 179 patients with ischemic stroke were included, and the demographic information, medical history, stroke severity and laboratory indicators at admission were collected. After 6 months of follow-up, all patients were assessed for depressive symptoms using the 17-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17). Patients were divided into the PSD group (48 cases) and the non-PSD group (131 cases). Differences in clinical characteristics were compared between the PSD group and the non-PSD group. CALLY index was calculated from C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin (ALB) and lymphocyte counts. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of CALLY index to PSD. Spearman correlation analysis was used for the correlation between CALLY index and neurological and cognitive function in PSD patients. K-M curve and Cox regression were used for analyzing the influence of CALLY index on PSD. Results The CALLY index of 179 patients ranged from 0.54 to 1.79, with a median of 1.08. ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal critical value of CALLY index to predict PSD was 1.09, and the area under ROC curve was 0.757 (95%CI: 0.687-0.818). Compared with the non-PSD group, the proportion of females was higher in the PSD group, and the proportion of patients with hyperlipidemia was increased with shorter years of education. The serum C-reactive protein (CRP) was higher, and albumin (ALB) and CALLY index were lower (P<0.05). The K-M curve showed that the incidence of PSD was significantly higher in the low CALLY index group (CALLY≤1.08) than that in the higher CALLY index group (CALLY>1.08, 33.0% vs. 20.5%, Log rank χ2=8.553, P=0.004). Cox regression analysis showed that after adjusting for other covariates, the decreased CALLY index was an independent risk factor for PSD (HR=2.651, 95%CI: 1.269-5.540, P<0.05). Conclusion CALLY index has a certain predictive value for PSD in acute ischemic stroke patients, which is helpful for early identification and timely intervention to improve the prognosis of patients. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Ferrostatin-1 delay D-gal induced cardiomyocyte senescence by inhibiting ferroptosis XIONG Xicheng, WANG Yiping, WANG Gang, ZHANG Tian, BAO Yali, Di na·AINIWAER, SUN Zhan Tianjin Medical Journal    2023, 51 (1): 19-23.   DOI: 10.11958/20220818 Abstract （727）   HTML （2）    PDF （1038KB）（2022）       Knowledge map    Objective To investigate the existence of ferroptosis in cardiomyocyte senescence induced by D-galactose (D-gal) and whether ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) can delay cardiomyocyte senescence. Methods Cardiomyocyte injury was induced by D-gal (0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 100 g/L) to simulate cardiac aging model. After cells were treated with different concentrations of D-gal for 24 hours, the cell viability was detected by MTT method to determine the concentration of D-gal in the follow-up experiment. The cells were divided into the control group, the D-gal group and the Fer-1 group. The cell viability was detected by MTT method. The level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by DCFH-DA method. The intracellular glutathione (GSH) content was detected by microplate method. Intracellular malondialdehyde (MDA) content was detected by thiobarbituric acid method. The protein expression levels of SLC7A11, GPx4 and P53 were detected by Western blot assay. The activity of intracellular β-galactosidase (β-GAL) was detected by microassay. Results MTT assay showed that the cell viability decreased with the increase of D-gal concentration (P<0.05). The concentration of D-gal was 20 g/L in subsequent experiments. Compared with the D-gal group, the cell viability was increased in the Fer-1 group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, ROS and MDA contents, P53 protein expression level and β -GAL activity were increased in the D-gal group, while GSH content, SLC7A11 and GPx4 protein expression levels were decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the D-gal group, ROS and MDA contents, P53 protein expression level and β -GAL activity were decreased in the Fer-1 group, while GSH, SLC7A11 and GPx4 protein expressions were increased (P<0.05). Conclusion Ferroptosis occurs during D-gal-induced cell senescence, and Fer-1 can inhibit iron death and delay myocardial senescence. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of Nrf2/ARE pathway regulating mechanism YI Xiaofang, TAN Chao Tianjin Med J    2015, 43 (5): 573-575.   DOI: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.05.032 Abstract （1489）      PDF （265KB）（8416）       Knowledge map    Abstract: Nuclear factor E2 related factor Nrf2 is a nuclear transcription factors involved in a variety of protein expres⁃ sion. As a center of oxidative stress regulation, it combines with antioxidant components (antioxidant responsive element, ARE) and activates downstream multiple anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory and detoxifying enzyme protein expression. This signaling pathway is involved in the development of inflammation, tumor and other pathological process. This review de⁃ scribes the basic structure, biological effects and signaling pathways of Nrf2, summarizes the latest progress about mecha⁃ nisms of factors, which are involved in the positive and negative regulations of signal pathway, providing a new target for antiinflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor biochemical treatment. Based on these, the paper also looks forward to applicating bioinformatics technology and providing better prospects for the development of target intervention. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of the association between Pro-inflammatory cytokines and Osteoarthritis LI Bing, LIU Jun, XIAO Yu, BU Yanmin, XING Dan Tianjin Med J    2016, 44 (3): 281-285.   DOI: 10.11958/20150380 Abstract （873）      PDF （422KB）（4686）       Knowledge map    Osteoarthritis (OA) is the main reason of pain and disability of joint for old people in China, and its incidence is increasing year by year. Besides proliferation of osteophytes and degeneration of cartilage, inflammation, as one of the dominant pathological changes in OA, is causing wider attention. Pro-inflammatory cytokines (PIC) are important mediators of inflammation. The increased level of PIC in OA can lead to systemic and local inflammation, result in further destruction of many kinds of tissues in the joint (such as cartilage), and accelerate the development of OA. Besides, the level of inflammation is closely related to the clinical symptoms of OA. Therefore, it is important to understand the role of PIC in the pathogenesis of OA. This article reviewed the association, as well as the molecular mechanism, between PIC and OA, providing new concepts for diagnose and treatment of OA. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the role and mechanism of 5-hydroxytryptamine in gastrointestinal diseases SHAN Zihong, HU Xiaoqing, LI Feng, HUANG Yongkun Tianjin Medical Journal    2024, 52 (4): 438-442.   DOI: 10.11958/20231309 Abstract （253）   HTML （2）    PDF （824KB）（800）       Knowledge map    5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is an important neurotransmitter in brain-gut axis pathway, and its secretion is closely related to intestinal flora, intestinal immunity and intestinal motility. Abnormal metabolic pathway of 5-HT is involved in the occurrence and development of gastrointestinal diseases, such as irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, chronic constipation and functional dyspepsia. This article reviews the mechanism of 5-HT in different gastrointestinal diseases in order to explore new ideas for clinical treatment. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction of airway organoid microinjection and polarity reversal model SONG Licheng, ZHANG Yuhan, YU Zhongkuo, XIE Lixin Tianjin Medical Journal    2024, 52 (1): 4-10.   DOI: 10.11958/20231469 Abstract （243）   HTML （4）    PDF （2014KB）（1007）       Knowledge map    Objective To explore novel methods for efficient respiratory viral infection of organoids by microinjection and polarity inversion techniques. Methods Lung tissue samples were obtained from 8-week-old male C57BL/6 mouse, and respiratory epithelial cells were extracted to establish a transwell organoid culture model. The green fluorescent protein (GFP) labeled influenza virus PR8 (GFP-PR8) was quantitatively injected into organoids by improving the traditional microinjection platform, and morphologic changes in organoids and the immunofluorescence staining characteristics of tight junction proteins and microtubule proteins were observed. Polarity inversion apical-out (AO) was induced by suspension culture, and the morphological characteristics of polarity inversion was determined by HE staining. Normal and inverted organoids were infected with PR8, and the infection efficiency and expression differences of key pathway genes under different virus concentrations were observed. Results Ordinary organoids showed a significant increase in volume after microinjection. Following PR8 injection, the efficiency of infection was significantly higher in the apical region of organoids, accompanied by noticeable damage, as evidenced by significant down-regulation of tight junction proteins and microtubule protein expression. After suspension culture of the organoids, the polarity of ciliated cells gradually inverted outward over time, and the proportion of AO organoids stabilized on the 6th day. The efficiency of viral infection significantly increased in the inverted organoids, accompanied by significant cellular damage. After PR8 infection at 0.01 MOI, AO organoids showed significant changes in the inflammatory pathway and differentiation-related genes, with the opposite trend observed after higher concentration of PR8 infection. Conclusion Both polarity inversion and microinjection techniques significantly enhance the efficiency of influenza virus infection in organoids, thereby facilitating organoid widespread application in the field of respiratory tract infections. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical research progress of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors CUI Li, LI Guang-ping Tianjin Medical Journal    2018, 46 (7): 765-770.   DOI: 10.11958/20171266 Abstract （1496）      PDF （389KB）（4340）       Knowledge map    Proprotein convertase subtilisin / kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors can reduce the low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level in circulatory system by blocking PCSK9-low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) pathway to mediate the degradation of LDLR. At present, PCSK9 inhibitors have become the focus of cardiovascular lipid-lowering therapy. A variety of PCSK9 inhibitors have entered the clinical trial stage. This paper mainly reviews the molecular structure and mechanism of PCSK9, the classification of PCSK9 inhibitors, and recent clinical study of the monoclonal antibodies of PCSK9 inhibitors in order to evaluate the effectiveness and long-term safety of cardiovascular risk reduction. Related Articles | Metrics

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Overview of detection techniques for neutrophil extracellular traps CHEN Yu-nian , GU Bing , LI Hua-nan△ Tianjin Medical Journal    2020, 48 (7): 676-681.   DOI: 10.11958/20193431 Abstract （1530）      PDF （441KB）（4252）       Knowledge map    Abstract：Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are a newly recognized structure in recent years, which is involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, thrombosis and inflammatory reaction. NETs can be induced to different forms of reticular structure by a variety of trigger factors and can be quantified by various techniques. According to the different subjects, the analysis methods include morphological observation, detection of cell free DNA and neutrophil elastasemyeloperoxidase, citrullinated histone and other protein components. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of these detection techniques are summarized, which will provide useful reference for the further development of the application of NETs in the early diagnosis and prognosis judgment of related diseases. Related Articles | Metrics