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15 May 2019, Volume 47 Issue 5 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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The effect of ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 inhibitor on the proliferation and differentiation of airway epithelial stem/progenitor cells LI Min-min, LI Kuan, SUN Xin, WU Qi, CHEN Huai-yong 2019, 47 (5):  449-453.  doi: 10.11958/20190784 Abstract ( 733 )   PDF (442KB) ( 4066 )   Abstract: Objective To evaluate the effect of PF-4708671, an inhibitor of mTOR downstream element ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1), on the proliferation and differentiation of mouse airway stem/progenitor cells. Methods A total of ten C57BL/6 mice were included in the present study. Mouse airway stem cells (vClub) and progenitor cells (Club) were isolated from lungs by fluorescent activated cell sorting. Organoid culture model was used to culture vClub cells, Club cells and supportive fibroblast MLg cells in transwells respectively. Stem/progenitor cells were maintained with PF-4708671 (0, 4, 20 and 100 nmol / L). Organoid cultures were imaged with inverted microscopy at day 8 after seeding. Stem cell-derived colonies were counted. Real-time PCR was conducted to analyze mRNA expression of S6K1 kinase gene Rps6kb1, Club cell marker cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily, polypeptide 2 (Cyp2f2), ciliated cell marker acetylated tubulin (Act) and Forkhead box J1 (Foxj1), goblet cell marker Chloride channel accessory 3 (Clca3) and Forkhead box A3 (Foxa3) at day 10 after seeding. Results The number of colonies generated by vClub cells showed no difference between the PF-4708671 treatment groups (P＞0.05). Also, numbers of colonies generated by Club cells were significantly decreased in PF-4708671 treatment groups (4, 20 and 100 nmol/L) compared with those of 0 nmol/L group (P＜0.05). Different concentrations of PF- 4708671 showed no significant effects on the differentiation of vClub into Club cells. There was no significant difference in mRNA expression level between characteristic molecular Cyp2f2. PF-4708671 showed no significant effect on the differentiation ability of Club cells into ciliated cells or goblet cells. There were no significant differences in expression levels of ciliated cells Act, Fox j1, Clca3 and Foxa3 between the four groups (P＞0.05). Conclusion mTOR / S6K1 signaling promotes the proliferation of mouse airway stem/progenitor cells, and has little effect on the differentiation. Related Articles | Metrics

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The molecular mechanism of PDCD4 knockdown facilitating cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer through pAKT/pGSK3β pathway LIU Dan, TANG Zhi-ming, WU Fu-yun, ZHAO Hong-yan, KE Jing, XIANG Peng, JIN Jia-qing, LI Shan 2019, 47 (5):  454-458.  doi: 10.11958/20182153 Abstract ( 778 )   PDF (473KB) ( 3908 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the role of programmed apoptotic factor 4 (PDCD4) deficiency in the cisplatin induced apoptosis, and provide the new target marker for cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer. Methods ShNC/shPDCD4 vector was stably transfected into human gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 with or without cisplatin. The cells were divided into shNC group, shPDCD4 group, shNC with cisplatin group, shPDCD4 with cisplatin group for the following experiments. Real-time PCR and Western blot assay were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of PDCD4. The caspase-3 activity kit and Hoechest dying with immunofluorescence were used to measure the cell apoptosis in vitro. The protein levels of pAKT and p-GSK3β were detected by Western blot assay. After combined with Akt inhibitor, the cells were divided into shNC with cisplatin group, shPDCD4 with cisplatin group, LY294002 inhibitor group and Wortmannin inhibitor group, and the protein levels of PARP were detected by Western blot assay. Results The results of qRT-PCR and Western blot assay confirmed that the mRNA and protein expressions of PDCD4 decreased significantly in SGC7901 cells, which stably transfected with ShPDCD4 plasmid, decreased significantly. The SGC7901 gastric cancer cell line that stably transfected with ShPDCD4 was successfully constructed in vitro. Caspase-3 activity and apoptosis were significantly decreased in shPDCD4 with cisplatin group than those of shNC with cisplatin group (P＜0.05). The expressions of pAKT and pGSK3β increased due to the deficiency of PDCD4 expression (P＜0.05). After blocking the signal pathway with Akt inhibitors (LY294002 and Wortmannin), the relative expression level of PARP was up-regulated (P＜0.05). Conclusion The down-regulation of PDCD4 expression can reduce the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells induced by cisplatin through pAKT/pGSK3 beta pathway, thus promoting the formation of cisplatin resistance. Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect of T-cadherin combined with cisplatin on cisplatin resistant malignant melanoma cell line LU Hai-tao△, LI Xue-fei, LIU Li-jun, HE Lei, DUAN Xin-suo 2019, 47 (5):  459-463.  doi: 10.11958/20181641 Abstract ( 778 )   PDF (893KB) ( 3644 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of T-cadherin combined with cisplatin on cisplatin resistant malignant melanoma cell line. Methods CDDP resistance B16F10 (CDDP-R B16F10) was induced by using high and gradually increased dose of CDDP．MTT assay was used to test the proliferation of CDDP-R B16F10. The T-cadherin was transfected into CDDP-R B16F10 cells. The expressions of T-cadherin mRNA and protein were measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and SP immunohistochemistry method. There were six groups in this study including control group, pEGFP-N1 group, pEGFP-N1-T-cadherin group, cisplatin group, pEGFP-N1 combined with cisplatin group and pEGFP-N1-T-cadherin combined with cisplatin group. The effects of T-cadherin combined with cisplatin on migration and invasion of CDDP-R B16F10 were determined by Wound-healing assay and Transwell invasion assay. Factor analysis method was used to evaluate the interactions of T-cadherin and CDDP on migration and invasion of CDDP-R B16F10. Results The CDDP-R B16F10 cell line was successfully established. There was no statistical difference in proliferation between CDDP-R B16F10 cells and B16F10 cells (P＞0.05). RT-PCR and SP immunohistochemistry assay showed that T cadherin could be transcribed and expressed in cells. The cell migration rate and transmembrane number were significantly lower in pEGFP-N1-T-cadherin combined with cisplatin group than those of pEGFP-N1-T-cadherin group (P＜0.05). The cell migration rate and transmembrane number were significantly lower in pEGFP-N1-T-cadherin group than those of control group, pEGFP-N1 group, cisplatin group and pEGFP-N1 combined with cisplatin group (P＜0.05). There were interaction between T-cadherin and cisplatin in inhibiting the migration and invasiveness of CDDP-R B16F10 (P＜0.05). Conclusion T-cadherin gene can restore the inhibitory effect of cisplatin on the migration and invasiveness of cisplatin resistant melanoma cell line. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of lentiviral vector-mediated CK18 gene on cell proliferation, apoptosis and metastasis in breast cancer cell line BT549 ZHANG Qing, HUANG Qian, ZHANG Chun-yan, LIU Xiao-yan , ZENG Fan-cai, GAN Lin 2019, 47 (5):  463-467.  doi: 10.11958/20181959 Abstract ( 763 )   PDF (918KB) ( 4365 )   ponding Author E-mail: gl-gump Abstract: Objective To investigate the effects of cytokeratin 18 (CK18) gene on proliferation, apoptosis and invasion of human breast cancer BT549 cells, and to explore the molecular mechanism. Methods CK18 stably silencing BT549 cell line was established and divided into blank control group, negative control group and CK18-shRNA group. The cells with CK18 target silencing were used as the CK18-shRNA group, the empty vector was used as the negative control group (sh Con), and the blank control group (Wt) was not treated. The established cell line was identified by Western blot assay (WB). Cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and colony formation assay. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry of Annexin V/PE double staining kit, and cell cycle analysis was detected by PI-FACS. Migration and invasion capability were measured by the Scratch assay and Transwell assay. Western blot assay was used to detect the metastasis-related molecules of E-cadherin and vimentin protein expression. Results CK18 silencing BT549 cell line was established. The WB result indicated that the expression of CK18 was significantly inhibited, and the inhibition rate was up to 73%. It was shown that the BT549 cell proliferation was obviously depressed in the time-dependent manner at the time points of 24 h, 48 h and 72 h in CK18-shRNA group with the comparison to blank control group and negative control group. Compared with the blank control group and negative control group, the migration and invasion ability were decreased in CK18-shRNA group, and the apoptosis rate and the ratio of cells in G2 phase were increased in CK18-shRNA group (P＜ 0.05). WB showed that the decreased expression of CK18 also promoted the expression of E-cadherin and depressed the expression of vimentin (P＜0.05). Conclusion CK18 gene silencing in BT549 cells can inhibit cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and induce apoptosis and arrest cell cycles. CK18 may play a role in metastasis process of breast cancer BT549 cells by inducing EMT. Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect of silencing AQP4 expression on the chemotherapy sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer GUO Shou-jun, XIE Chuan-hua, HUANG Ping, QIU Yi-lian, WANG Shuo, BAN Zhen-ying, ZHANG Wei 2019, 47 (5):  468-472.  doi: 10.11958/20182189 Abstract ( 784 )   PDF (597KB) ( 4003 )   ponding Author E-mail: jxgzguosj Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of targeting silenced aquaporin 4 (AQP4) gene on the chemotherapy sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSDCLC) and its mechanism. Methods The qRT-PCR method and Western bolt assay were used to detect the expression of AQP4 in A549 and A549/DDP cell lines (human cisplatin-resistant NSDCLC cell line). The siRNA-1 and siRNA-2 targeting AQP4 were designed. AQP4 expression was blocked by the siRNA in A549/DDP cells. The optimal siRNA was screened and transfected into A549/DDP cells. siRNA-NC and blank cells were set up as controls. The proliferation and half inhibitory concentration (IC50) of A549/DDP cells were detected by CCK8 method. The apoptosis of U251 cells was detected by AnnexinV- FITC/PI double marker flow cytometry. The expressions of P53 and Bcl- 2 were detected by Western blot assay. Results The expressions of AQP4 mRNA and protein were significantly increased in A549 /DDP cells compared with A549 cells. After silencing AQP4 expression, the proliferation was inhibited and the apoptosis rate was significantly increased in A549 / DDP cells. Silencing AQP4 expression significantly increased the sensitivity to cisplatin in lung cancer cells. AQP4 knockdown could also up-regulate the expression of P53, and down regulate the expression of Bcl-2. Conclusion The selective targeting of the AQP4 expression can increase the sensitivity of NSDCLC cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. Related Articles | Metrics

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Mechanical loading can improve myocardial injury in myocardial infarction rats XU Jin-feng, LI Xin-le, LIU Da-quan, ZHANG Ping 2019, 47 (5):  473-478.  doi: 10.11958/20190017 Abstract ( 819 )   PDF (1620KB) ( 5659 )   \Abstract: Objective To investigate the effects of mechanical loading on inflammation and ventricular remodeling in myocardial infarction (MI) rats. Methods Thirty male Wistar rats (8-week old, body weitht about 200 g) were randomly divided into sham operation group (Sham group), myocardial infarction model group (MI group) and mechanical loading treatment group (MI+L group) with 10 rats in each group. One day after the establishment of MI model in MI+L group, the knee loading was applied for 2 weeks. After mechanical loading, ST segment of the standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) lead Ⅱ, heart mass index (HMI), left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and heart weight/tibial length were measured. Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and infarct size were evaluated by 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. The number of infl ammatory cells was evaluated by HE staining. The collagen volume fraction (CVF) was evaluated by Masson staining. The protein expressions of nuclear factor- κb p65 (NF-κB p65), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with Sham group, MI resulted in a significant increase in the lead Ⅱ ST-segment, HMI, LVMI, LVEDD, heart weight/tibial length and infarct size in MI group. After mechanical loading, there were significantly decrease in lead Ⅱ ST-segment, HMI, LVMI, LVEDD, heart weight/tibial length and infarct size in MI+L group than those in MI group (P＜0.05). Cardiac histology showed that MI caused inflammation and fibrosis in myocardial tissues. After loading therapy, the number of inflammatory cells and CVF were significantly improved (P＜0.05). Immunohistochemical analysis showed that MI resulted in the increased protein expressions of NF-κB p65, IL-6 and MMP-9. The mechanical loading obviously inhibited the expressions of NF-κB p65, IL-6 and MMP-9. There was a positive correlation between the expressions of NF-κB p65, IL-6 and MMP-9. There was a positive correlation between NF-κB p65, IL-6, MMP-9 and ventricular remodeling markers (LVEDD, HMI, LVMI and heart weight/tibial length). Conclusion Mechanical loading can significantly improve myocardial injury in MI rats, which may be related to alleviating inflammation and inhibiting ventricular remodeling after MI. Related Articles | Metrics

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Mechanical loading reduces pathological progress in mice with osteoarthritis YU Yong, LI Xin-le, LIU Da-quan, ZHANG Ping 2019, 47 (5):  479-483.  doi: 10.11958/20190116 Abstract ( 785 )   PDF (963KB) ( 4857 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of mechanical loading on early and late osteoarthritis (OA) of model mice. Methods Thirty-six 8-week-old female C57BL/6 mice, weighing about 20 g, were divided into the normal control (Control) group, OA group, and OA + loading (OAL) group by a random number table method. Each group was subdivided into 2-week and 8-week sub-groups (n=6). H&E and Safranin O/fast green staining were used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of mechanical loading on cartilage, synovium and osteophyte in early and late OA mice. Results Compared with the Control group, the thickness of hyaline cartilage (HC) and the thickness of all articular cartilage (TAC) were thinner in OA mice, and the OARSI score, synovial score and osteophyte score were significantly increased (all P＜ 0.05). After mechanical loading, the thickness of HC and TAC were increased in OAL group, and OARSI score, synovial score and osteophyte score were decreased (all P＜0.05). The relative data suggested that pathological changes were more severe in mice with late OA compared with mice of early OA, and the therapeutic effect of mechanical loading was better for the late OA. Correlation analysis showed that the early cartilage degradation of OA may be related to the synovial inflammation, and the late stage of OA may be related to the osteophyte formation. Conclusion Mechanical loading can improve the pathological changes of osteoarthritis mice, indicating that mechanical loading can be used as a new type of clinical treatment for osteoarthritis Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of esculentoside A on the expression of iTr35 cells and related cytokines in MRL/lpr mice WANG Xing, ZENG Hui-lin, ZHANG Xiang-gui, TANG Jie-yin 2019, 47 (5):  483-487.  doi: 10.11958/20181663 Abstract ( 691 )   PDF (612KB) ( 4046 )   Abstract: Objective To observe the effect of esculentoside A (EsA) on iTr35 (CD4+Foxp3-IL-12p35+IL-27EBI3+) cells and related cytokines in MRL / lpr mice, and to explore the possible mechanism of EsA in the treatment of lupus nephritis. Methods Twenty-four 16-week-old female MRL/lpr mice were randomly divided into model control group, EsA group, and EsA +IL-12p35 antibody group. The mice were intraperitoneally injected once a day. After four weeks, all mice were killed to check urine protein / creatinine value, serum creatinine concentration, IL-35, IL-17, iTr35 ratio and renal pathology. Results There were significantly differences in urine protein / creatinine value, serum creatinine concentration, IL-35, IL-17 and iTr35 ratio between the three groups (P＜0.05). The urinary protein / creatinine value, serum creatinine concentration and IL-17 levels were the highest in the model control group, followed by the EsA+IL-12p35 antibody group, and the lowest was in the EsA group. The levels of IL-35 and iTr35 were the highest in EsA group, followed by EsA + IL- 12p35 antibody group, and the lowest was in the model group. Compared with the model control group, the pathological changes of kidney were improved in EsA group and EsA + IL-12p35 antibody group. Conclusion There is abnormal expressions of IL-35 and IL-17 in lupus nephritis. EsA is effective in the treatment of lupus nephritis, and which may be through regulating the expression of IL-35, IL-17 and iTr35. Related Articles | Metrics

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The therapeutic effect of mechanical loading on thin endometrium in rat model TIAN Tian, LIU Da-quan, LI Xin-le, SHAO Heng, ZHANG Ping 2019, 47 (5):  488-492.  doi: 10.11958/20190126 Abstract ( 864 )   PDF (1270KB) ( 4252 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of mechanical loading on thin endometrium in model rat Methods Thirty female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided randomly into sham operation group (Sham group), thi endometrium model group (TE group) and mechanical loading treatment group (TE+L group). There were ten rats in eac group. The TE model was established by injection of 95% ethanol into the uterine cavity in the estrus phase. Normal salin was injected into the uterine cavity in Sham group. Rats of TE+L group received mechanical loading on the second day afte modeling. Loading force was 5 N and the frequency was 15 Hz for 5 min/day for 15 days. HE staining was used to observe th morphological changes of endometrium. The endometrial thickness, endometrial area and gland numbers were measured. Th expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (Ki-67) were evaluated b immunohistochemistry. Results Uterine histological analysis showed that endometrial thickness, endometrial area an gland numbers were significantly decreased in TE group compared with those of Sham group (P＜0.05). Compared with T group, endometrial thickness, endometrial area and gland numbers were significantly increased in TE+L group (P＜0.05 Immunohistochemistry analysis indicated that the expressions of VEGF and Ki-67 were significantly lower in th endometrium of TE group than those of Sham group P＜0.05). After mechanical loading treatment, the expressions of VEG and Ki-67 were significantly increased in the endometrium of TE+L group (P＜0.05). Conclusion Mechanical loading ca effectively repair thin endometrium in rats, which may be related to the promotion of cell proliferation and angiogenesis o endometrium. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of intracranial pressure monitoring on short-term outcome and acute kidney injury in traumatic brain injury HE Qian, LI Fan-jian, ZHAO Zi-long, MA Fei 2019, 47 (5):  493-496.  doi: 10.11958/20181607 Abstract ( 663 )   PDF (322KB) ( 3744 )   Abstract: Objective To study the effects of intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring on short-term prognosis and acute kidney injury (AKI) in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods Data of 351 patients with TBI in department of neurosurgery of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital were retrospectively studied including 101 patients with ICP monitoring and 250 TBI patients without ICP monitoring. Data of the short-term prognosis, ventilator use time, intensive care unit (ICU) stay, hospitalization time, length of hospital stay, total 20% mannitol usage, the incidence of AKI, the total use of 20% mannitol and the difference of clinical biochemical test results were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were further divided into the medium (n=160) and the severe TBI (n=189) subgroups for analysis of some clinical features. Results There were lower incidence rates of AKI, total 20% mannitol usage, levels of hemoglobin and total protein and albumin in ICP monitoring group than those of no ICP monitoring group (P＜0.005). And there were longer mechanical ventilation days and ICU stay in ICP monitoring group compared to those of no ICP monitoring group (P＜0.005). There were no significant differences in short-term prognostic improvement rate, hospitalization time, globulin, creatinine and urea nitrogen levels between the two groups. In TBI subgroup, the incidence of AKI was significantly lower in ICP monitoring group (n=55) than that of no ICP monitoring group (n=134), but the time of ventilator use and urea nitrogen level were higher in ICP monitoring group than those of no ICP monitoring group (P＜0.05). In medium TBI subgroup, the hospitalization time, ICU hospitalization time and ventilator usage time were significantly higher in ICP monitoring group (n=44) than those of no ICP monitoring group (n=116, P＜0.05). Conclusion It is found that ICP monitoring can reduce the incidence of AKI and 20% mannitol usage, and have a benefit effect on helping to obtain more precise control of the electrolyte and fluid balance in TBI patients. Related Articles | Metrics

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The clinical characteristics of primary Sjogren’s syndrome with neurological impairment LIU Zheng, ZHANG Wen, ZHOU Lei 2019, 47 (5):  497-500.  doi: 10.11958/20190361 Abstract ( 759 )   PDF (343KB) ( 3803 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of nervous system involvement in patients with primary Sjogren’s syndrome (pSS). Methods Data of 32 pSS patients with nervous system involvement collected from Tianjin Medical University General Hospital and Peking Union Medical College Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, laboratory parameters and imaging results were evaluated and analyzed. Results In 32 patients with pSS, there were 30 (93.8%) females and 2 (6.2%) males, with the average age 46±12 years. The neurological impairment was the first symptom in 16 (50%) patients, and sicca symptoms was the first symptom in the rest patients. Thirteen (40.6%) patients developed isolated peripheral nervous system (PNS) damages, 10 (31.3%) patients developed isolated central nervous system (CNS) damages, and 9 (40.6%) patients showed both (CNS-PNS). The most common lesion of PNS was polyneuropathy (6, 18.8%). The most common lesion of CNS was optic neuromyelitis pedigree disease (NMODS, 6, 18.8%). Patients with PNS lesion were more likely to have Reynolds phenomenon than those with CNS lesion (P=0.046). The prevalence of interstitial lung disease (ILD) was significantly higher in pSS patients with PNS and CNS-PNS damages than patients with CNS lesion (P=0.013). Conclusion Polyneuropathy and NMODS are the most common damages in pSS patients with PNS and CNS lesions respectively. Patients with PNS lesions are more likely to have ILD. ’ Related Articles | Metrics

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The relationship between late gadolinium enhancement in magnetic resonance and electrocardiogram QTe/RR in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy HUANG Heng-gui, GAO Wei-keng 2019, 47 (5):  500-504.  doi: 10.11958/20182055 Abstract ( 788 )   PDF (412KB) ( 4337 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the relationship between late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in magnetic resonance and the slope of dynamic electrocardiogram QTe / RR in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Methods According to the presence of LGE in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), 96 patients with HCM who were admitted to our hospital from January 2016 to June 2017 were divided into LGE positive group and LGE negative group. The LGE transmurality of LGE positive group was evaluated by scoring method. All subjects underwent 24 h dynamic echocardiography, and heart rate (HR), QT interval and QTe/RR slope were calculated. The correlation between total LGE score and the slope of QTe/RR in LGE positive group was analyzed. And the relationships between the transmural degree of LGE and the slope of QTe/RR with the prognosis of patients were also analyzed. Results CMR results showed that there were 51 cases of positive LGE (53.13%), 45 cases of negative LGE (46.87%). There were significant differences in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF: 0.412 ± 0.092 vs. 0.508 ± 0.083), left ventricular end-diastolic volume [LVEDV (mL): 173.91±43.68 vs. 148.52±31.77] and left ventricular end-diastolic wall thickness [LVPWD (mm): 13.26±2.81 vs. 12.15± 2.37] between LGE positive group and LGE negative group (t=5.301, 3.219 and 2.077, P＜0.05). The QT interval (439.67± 25.82 vs. 411.53±31.66) and QTe/RR slope (0.20±0.05 vs. 0.16±0.03) were significantly longer in LGE positive group than those of LGE negative group (t=4.794 and 4.674, P＜0.05). The total LGE score was 26.37 ± 7.52, which was positively correlated with the slope of QTe/RR in LGE positive group (r=0.742, P＜0.001). The incidence of adverse reactions such as ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death were significantly higher in LGE positive group than those in LGE negative group (c2=4.107, P＜0.05). The total LGE score and QTe / RR slope were related to ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death (P＜0.05). Conclusion The LGE degree of HCM patients is significantly correlated with the slope of QTe/ RR. The comprehensive evaluation of the two indicators may be more helpful to predict the prognosis of HCM. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of POSSUM scoring system in elderly emergency abdominal operation HU Zhi-qi, YIN Ming-ming 2019, 47 (5):  505-508.  doi: 10.11958/20182239 Abstract ( 1105 )   PDF (352KB) ( 4553 )   Abstract：Objective To explore the clinical significance of POSSUM scoring system in risk assessment of elderly emergency abdominal operation. Methods The clinical data of 97 patients over 60 years old undergoing emergency abdominal surgery in the Department of general surgery in our hospital were reviewed and retrospectively analyzed. The POSSUM score and the Clavien-Dindo classification of postoperative complications were carried out, and their correlation was analyzed. Results In 97 patients, POSSUM score was lower in 24 cases, moderate in 60 cases and higher in 13 cases. The POSSUM score was significantly higher in complication group (38.81±7.51 score) than that in non-complication group (31.02 + 3.34 score, t=6.936, P＜0.05). With the increase of POSSUM score, the Clavien-Dindo grading of postoperative complications was aggravated correspondingly , and changed was statistically significant between groups (P＜0.05). Conclusion The POSSUM scoring system can accurately predict the risk of emergency abdominal operation in elderly patients. It can provide reference for surgical decision-making, actively intervene for high-risk patients and guide perioperative management so as to reduce postoperative complications. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical analysis of treating cyst of epiglottis with micro-dissection needle ZHANG Dan, HUANG Hai-ping, GE Jian-rong, SUN Peng 2019, 47 (5):  509-512.  doi: 10.11958/20182164 Abstract ( 2002 )   PDF (542KB) ( 3924 )   Abstract：Objective To investiage the clinical effect of micro-dissection needle in treating cyst of epiglottis. Methods The study included 86 cases received surgical treatment in our hospital from January 2014 to July 2017. Fifteen cases were treated with micro-dissection needle (micro-dissection needle group), 50 cases were treated with cold instruments and monopolar electrocoagulation (traditional group) and 21 cases were treated with ultrasonic scalpel (ultrasonic scalpel group). The therapeutic effects including operation time, intraoperative blood loss, visual analogue scale (VAS) on the 1st, 2nd, 4th day after operation and the recovery of wound surface (pseudomembrane disappearance) on the 10th, 15th, 20th day after operation were compared between the three groups. Results The operation time and intraoperative bleeding were less in micro-dissection needle group and the ultrasonic scalpel group than those of traditional group (P＜0.05). On the 1st day after operation, VAS scores were significantly lower in micro-dissection needle group than those of the ultrasonic scalpel group and the traditional group (P＜0.05). On the 2nd and 4th day after operation, VAS scores were significantly lower in micro-dissection needle group than those of the ultrasonic scalpel group (P＜0.05), and there was no significant difference between micro-dissection needle group and the traditional group. On the 10th and 15th day after operation, the proportion of pseudomembrane disappearance was significantly higher in micro-dissection needle group than that in the ultrasonic scalpel group (P＜0.05), and the wound recovered well. On the 20th day after operation, all the wound pseudomembranes disappeared in the three groups. Conclusion Removal of epiglottis cyst with micro-dissection needle has advantages of less intraoperative blood loss, shorter operation time, less postoperative pain and quicker recovery, and is worthy of clinical promotion Related Articles | Metrics

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The diagnostic value of urinary interleukin-18 and serum high mobility group protein-1 in acute renal injury after neonatal asphyxia CHENG Qiao-lin, ZHOU Yan-ling, WANG Dan-hong, LIN Ze-bin, LIU Yu-ling 2019, 47 (5):  513-516.  doi: 10.11958/20190075 Abstract ( 630 )   PDF (365KB) ( 3698 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of urinary interleukin-18 (IL-18) and serum high mobility group protein-1 (HMGB1) in acute renal injury after neonatal asphyxia. Methods A total of 128 asphyxiated newborns (80 cases in mild asphyxia group and 48 cases in severe asphyxia group) hospitalized in our hospital from June 2015 to December 2017 were selected as the study group. According to the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) within one week after birth, they were divided into acute kidney injury group (AKI group, 56 cases) and non-acute kidney injury group (non AKI group, 72 cases). At the same time，64 healthy newborns were selected as control group. The levels of urinary IL-18, serum HMGB1, creatinine (Scr) and urea nitrogen (BUN) were measured within 24 hours after birth. The diagnostic value of urinary IL-18 and HMGB1 for AKI after neonatal asphyxia were evaluated by using receiver operating curve (ROC). Results The levels of urinary IL-18, serum HMGB1, Scr and BUN were significantly higher in mild asphyxia group and severe asphyxia group than those in control group (P＜0.05). The levels of urinary IL-18, serum HMGB1, Scr and BUN were significantly lower in mild asphyxia group than those in severe asphyxia group (P＜0.05). The levels of urinary IL-18, serum HMGB1, Scr and BUN were significantly higher in AKI group than those in non-AKI group (P＜0.05). The urinary IL-18 and serum HMGB1 were positively correlated with Scr and BUN (P＜0.05). The ROC curve analysis showed that the diagnostic value of urinary IL-18 and serum HMGB1 were superior to serum Scr and BUN for AKI after neonatal asphyxia. Conclusion Urinary IL-18 and serum HMGB1 can be used as a marker for the early diagnosis of AKI after neonatal asphyxia. Related Articles | Metrics

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The role of RAAS blockers in acute kidney injury induced by contrast agent in Uygur patients LI Wen-yu, YI Lihamujiang·AI Sha, A Daliti·Abulizi, SHA Deerding·SI Laji, DU Ji-bing 2019, 47 (5):  517-520.  doi: 10.11958/20181871 Abstract ( 741 )   PDF (324KB) ( 3602 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the incidence and risk factors of contrast agent-induced acute kidney injury (CI AKI) in Uygur patients, and the role of RAAS inhibitors thereof. Methods Data of 218 Uygur patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and detected renal function after 24-48 hours in the cardiac diagnosis and treatment center of People's Hospital of Hetian District, Xinjiang were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into CI-AKI group (n=46) and the control group (n=172). Clinical data, risk factors and the role of RAAS inhibitors in CI-AKI were observed in two groups. Results In 218 patients, 46 (21.1%) were found CI-AKI. The prevalence of hypertension, dosage of contrast agent, LDL-C, NT-proBNP and hs-CRP levels were higher in CI-AKI group than those of the control group. RAAS inhibitor use ratio, LVEF, HDL-C and HB levels were lower in CI-AKI group than those in the control group. There was no significant difference in preoperative creatinine clearance between CI-AKI group and control group. The creatinine level before operation was lower in CI-AKI group than that in control group, but the level of creatinine increased significantly after operation in CI-AKI group (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the level of urea nitrogen before operation between the two groups, but the level of urea nitrogen increased significantly after operation in CI-AKI group (P＜0.05). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the increased dosage of contrast agent, high NT-proBNP and hs- CRP levels were risk factors for CI-AKI in Uygur patients, and RAAS inhibitors were protective factors for reducing the occurrence of CI-AKI in Uygur patients. Conclusion For Uyghur patients undergoing PCI, preoperative use of RAAS inhibitor, improved the preoperative cardiac function and reduced intraoperative contrast agent dosage can reduce the incidence of CI-AKI Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of different time windows of alteplase on cognitive function of patients with cerebral infarction FENG Li-na, WANG Hong 2019, 47 (5):  521-524.  doi: 10.11958/20181636 Abstract ( 800 )   PDF (336KB) ( 4004 )   Abstract: Objective To compare the effects of different time windows of alteplase on cognitive function in patients with cerebral infarction. Methods Ninety-five patients with cerebral infarction who were treated in our hospital from January 2016 to April 2018 were divided into two groups according to the time of intravenous thrombolytic therapy with alteplase. The observation group included patients with thrombolytic time <3 h, and the control group consisted of 50 patients with 3 to 4.5 h from onset to thrombolysis. The therapeutic effects, neurological recovery, cognitive function and cerebral hemorrhage were analyzed in the two groups. Results After 7-day treatment, there was no significant difference in the total effective rate between the two groups (88.9% vs. 82.0%, P＞0.05). The NIHSS score and MESSS score were significantly higher after one-day and seven-day treatment with alteplase than those before treatment in two groups (all P＜0.05). At the same time, the NIHSS scores and MESSS scores were significantly lower after one-day and seven-day treatment in the observation group［(7.13±2.42) points, (4.85±1.76) points for NIHSS and(8.48±2.72) points, (5.61±2.05) points for MESSS］ than those of control group [(8.48±2.86) points, (6.08±2.31) points for NIHSS and (10.08±3.09) points, (7.23±2.81) points for MESSS, P＜0.05]. After 7-day treatment, the MRS scores were significantly better in the observation group (good prognosis 91.11%, poor prognosis 8.89% and no death) than those of the control group［good prognosis 76.00%, poor prognosis 20.00% and death 4.00%, P＜0.05]. After 7-day treatment, the incidence rate of cerebral hemorrhage was 2.22% in the observation group, which was significantly lower than that of the control group (14.00%, χ2=4.260, P＜0.05). Conclusion Arteplase intravenous thrombolytic therapy (<3 h from onset to thrombolysis) can significantly improve the neurological and cognitive functions in patients with cerebral infarction and reduce the incidence of cerebral hemorrhage. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the influencing factors of helicobacter pylori reinfection in patients with type 2 diabetes TIAN Li-hua, XUE Ya-nan, XIE Jun 2019, 47 (5):  525-528.  doi: 10.11958/20181767 Abstract ( 793 )   PDF (367KB) ( 3677 )   Abstract: Objective To analyze the influencing factors of helicobacter pylori (HP) reinfection in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) 48 weeks after a successful standard eradicating treatment. Methods A total of 179 T2DM patients from endocrine department of our hospital were included in our study. Among them 108 patients were evaluated HP infection by means of 13C-Urea Breath Test. All positive patients were eradicated by means of a standard quadruple therapy for 2 weeks. The eradication of HP was confirmed by means of 13C-Urea Breath Test performed at least four weeks after therapy, and 97 patients were successfully eradicated. After 48 weeks of follow-up, 97 patients underwent another 13C-Urea Breath Test. It was found that 74 out of 97 patients were negative and 23 positive for HP reinfection. The clinical data of 97 patients were collected and compared between two groups (HP negative group and HP positive group), including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), Uric acid (UA), the duration of diabetes mellitus (DM), insulin usage, socio-economic status (monthly income ≥ 3 000 yuan) and the history of smoking and drinking. The effects of these variables on HP reinfection were also evaluated. Results The prevalence of HP was 60.3% (108 / 179). The eradication rate of HP was 89.8% (97/108). The reinfection rate was 23.7% (23/97) after 48-week of follow-up. The duration of DM and the level of HbA1c were significantly higher, and the proportion of patients with monthly income ≥3 000 yuan was significantly lower in HP positive group than those of HP negative group (P＜0.05). There were no significant differences in other indexes between two groups (P＞0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of DM (OR=1.195, 95%CI 1.049-1.136) and the level of HbA1c (OR=1.293, 95%CI 1.011~1.518) were risk factors of HP reinfection. Conclusion According to our data, there is HP reinfection in T2DM patients. The long duration of DM and high level of HbA1c are associated with HP reinfection. Related Articles | Metrics

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A case report of primary erythermalgia in a child diagnosed by gene analysis LI Yan-han, JIN Ying, LIU Yi , KANG Lu-lu, SONG Jin-qing, YANG Yan-ling 2019, 47 (5):  529-532.  doi: 10.11958/20190183 Abstract ( 789 )   PDF (625KB) ( 4350 )   Abstract: Primary erythermalgia is a rare clinical syndrome characterized by intermittent elevated skin temperature, acrodynia, inflamed and swelling and burning pain in skin of bilateral limb. For clinical and genetic studies of primary erythermalgia, only a few cases were reported in China. This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and genetic phenotypes of a child with primary erythermalgia diagnosed by genetics. The boy was firstly showed his symptom as acrodynia when he was 8 years old. The pain was related with temperature. The affected skin was inflamed and skin temperature was elevated. At the age of 10, the acrodynia was aggravated, and the child was admitted to our hospital one year later. A heterozygous c.2566G>C (p.G856R) mutation was identified in SCN9A gene, which was not found in both parents. The clinical symptoms and genetic characteristics of the child were in line with primary erythermalgia. It was relieved after lumbar sympathetic block treatment. When acrodynia in children and adolescents especially related to temperature changes, accompanied by the inflamed and swelling limb, the possibility of primary erythermalgia should be considered. SCN9A gene analysis is helpful for diagnosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the molecular surgical margin of patients with locally advanced supraglottic laryngeal carcinoma after induction chemotherapy ZHANG Wen-chao, ZHANG Qiang, YUE Jiu-ling, ZHUO Shan-shan, PAN Yi, ZHANG Lun 2019, 47 (5):  533-537.  doi: 10.11958/20181997 Abstract ( 1141 )   PDF (511KB) ( 3726 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the clinical significance of molecular biomarker (eIF4E, survivin, cyclin D1 and P27) expressions in defining the surgical margin in local advanced supraglottic laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) after induction chemotherapy. Methods A total of 95 patients with local advanced (T3-4, N0-2, M0) supraglottic LSCC were enrolled in this study. Clinical response was evaluated after induction chemotherapy with a TPF (docetaxel/ cisplatin/ fluorouracil) regimen. Fifty-nine patients with stable disease (SD) and partial remission (PR) and requiring surgery, were underwent partial laryngectomy. These patients were divided into three groups according to the shortest margin distances: <5 mm (Margin 1) group (n=14), 5-10 mm (Margin 2) group (n=17) and ＞10 mm (Margin 3) group (n=28). Tumors and the adjacent tissues were prepared for tissue microarray (TMA) and were used to identify the expressions of eIF4E, survivin, cyclin D1 and P27. The recurrence rates in three years were also analyzed. Results Primary tumors (T) showed necrosis and tumor retraction after chemotherapy. In Margin 1 group, the retraction zone was found in 10 cases (10/14), necrotic and degenerative tumor cells were occasionally found. No retraction zone was found in Margin 2 and Margin 3 groups. The expressions of eIF4E and survivin proteins were higher in primary tumors. The positive expression rates of eIF4E and survivin proteins decreased sharply with the increase of the margin in three groups. There were no significant differences in positive expressions of cyclin D1 and P27 between three groups. In 59 patients with laryngeal cancer, 12 (20.3%) recurred 3 years after operation, including 11 (78.6%) in Margin 1 group, 1 (5.9%) in Margin 2 group and 0 (5.9%) in Margin 3 group. The recurrence rate was significantly higher in Margin 1 group than that in Margin 2 and Margin 3 groups (P＜0.05). Conclusion The eIF4E and survivin proteins might be used as more sensitive molecular margin markers of partial laryngectomy after induction chemotherapy in patients with local advanced supraglottic LSCC. The margin beyond 10 mm and no expression of markers are relatively safe. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on pathogenesis of dry eye induced by thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy WANG Dong, WANG Ling, HUA Xia 2019, 47 (5):  538-541.  doi: 10.11958/20190132 Abstract ( 1035 )   PDF (327KB) ( 4358 )   Abstract: Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) also known as Graves’ophthalmopathy is an organ-specific auto-immune disease. TAO is the most common orbital disease in adults. TAO can lead to exophthalmos, upper eyelid retraction and restrictive myopathy, and TAO patients are usually accompanied by diplopia and dry eyes, which is the most important reason for their eye discomfort complains. In recent years, the diagnosis and treatment of dry eye induced by TAO have been paid more attention by ophthalmologist gradually but its pathogenesis is not completely uncovered. Based on the analysis of the related researches on TAO and dry eye at home and abroad in recent years, this paper reviewed potential pathophysiological mechanisms and treatment options that may account for the pathogenesis of dry eye in TAO patients Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress of study on functions of ubiquitin-specific protease 9X in promoting digestive system tumors WANG Jie-fu, WANG Qian 2019, 47 (5):  542-548.  doi: 10.11958/20190085 Abstract ( 888 )   PDF (422KB) ( 3904 )   Abstract: Ubiquitin-specific protease 9X (USP9X) is one of the ubiquitin-specific protease(USPs) families of deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). USP9X is DUBs of X chromosome chain, which can play corresponding biological effects by stabilizing different substrates. USP9X plays an important role in cell signaling transduction, regulation of cell growth and migration, immune response, self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells, neurological function and carcinogenesis. Because of its important role in the development of digestive tract tumors and its feasibility as a drug target, this paper reviews the research progress of USP9X in the occurrence and development of common malignant tumors of digestive system. Related Articles | Metrics

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The research advances in the relationship between Rab35 and cancer LI Mei-yue, TIAN Wen-yan, WANG Ying-mei, XUE Feng-xia 2019, 47 (5):  548-551.  doi: 10.11958/20182179 Abstract ( 773 )   PDF (342KB) ( 3562 )   Abstract：Rab protein is the largest subfamily of Ras superfamily, which is the small molecule GTP binding protein, and plays an important role in the formation, transportation and fusion of vesicles. As a new member of Rab family, Rab35 is widely distributed in human tissues. It has been proved that Rab35 is related to biological characteristics such as tumor migration and invasion, which can be used as a potential tumor marker to predict prognosis and provide new targets for clinical treatment. This article reviews the origin, structure, function of Rab35 and its role in tumors. Related Articles | Metrics

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The research progress of necroptosis in liver transplantation with intestinal injury WANG Yong-wang, WANG Qing-ping, YU Wen-li, DU Hong-yin 2019, 47 (5):  552-555.  doi: 10.11958/20181357 Abstract ( 775 )   PDF (345KB) ( 3537 )   Abstract: During liver transplantation, the anhepatic phase can induce ischemic reperfusion (IR) injury of the liver and therefore cause dysfunction of remote organs, especially gut. The IR can lead to intestine congestive ischemia and gastrointestinal congestion, which leads to intestinal injury. The epithelial cells of the intestinal mucosa are sensitive to the hypoxia-ischemia upon intestinal congestion, and they are often subjected to apoptosis and necrosis after surgery. Necroptosis is mediated by death receptor ligation when apoptotic pathway is inhibited. The complexⅡ, which is formed by increasing aggregation of receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 1 (RIPK1)，and the interaction between RIPK1 and RIPK3 are the key elements for the activation of necroptosis signaling pathway. This article reviews the molecular mechanisms of necroptosis in IR of liver transplantation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the mechanism of Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway regulating Sp5 LIU Tao, SONG Qing-gao 2019, 47 (5):  556-560.  doi: 10.11958/20182168 Abstract ( 630 )   PDF (366KB) ( 3838 )   Abstract: Wnt/β - catenin signaling pathway is a widely existing and highly conserved evolutionary pathway in organisms. This pathway plays an important role in cell growth, development, migration and apoptosis. Specificity protein-5 (Sp5), as a downstream target of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, also plays an important regulatory role in the development process, including cell differentiation, tissue formation and tumorigenesis. Starting from the Wnt/β - catenin signaling pathway, this paper reviews the role of Wnt/β-catenin-Sp5 in the development of the disease by reviewing its role in the downstream molecule Sp5. Related Articles | Metrics