Table of Content

15 April 2015, Volume 43 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Cell and Molecular Biology
Experimental Research
Clinical Research
New Technology
Monograph·Bacteria and Resistance
Monograph·Cardiovascular Diseases
New Technology
Applied Research
Drug Clinical Evaluations
Review


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Cell and Molecular Biology

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The dose-effect relationship of folic acid on human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro GAO Yuxia，CUI Shanshan，LI Wen，WANG Pengyan，XIAO Yanyu，HUANG Guowei 2015, 43 (4):  337-339.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.001 Abstract ( 824 )   PDF (702KB) ( 3987 )   Abstract：Objective To investigate the protective effects of folic acid on the oxidative damage that ox-LDL (oxi⁃ dized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1) render to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Methods HUVECs were injured by ox-LDL (120 mg/L) for 24 h while they were incubated with various concentration of folic acid (0，15, 60, 150, 225, 300, 375 nmol/L). Then HUVECs were cultured in media contains same concentration of folic acid but without ox- LDL for 72 hours. Finally, HUVECs were harvested after 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. The morphological changes were observed us⁃ ing inverted microscope and cell viability were examined by MTT. Results Various concentrations of folic acid (0,15, 50, 100, 200 and 500 nmol/L) has no obvious promotion or inhibition effect in growth of normal HUVEC (P＞0.05). However, compared with the ox-FA-def group, 150, 225, 300 and 375 nmol/L of folic acid promoted proliferation of HUVECs with 96 and 120 hours of incubations (P < 0.05). Folic acid of 60, 150, 225, 300 and 375 nmol/L promoted the proliferation of HUVECs with 72 h and 96 hours of incubation (P < 0.05). Conclusion High dose folic acid can reduce the ox-LDL oxida⁃ tive damage on HUVEC in a concentration dependent manner. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Methylation of miR-200b and its effects on proliferation，invasion of gastric cancer cell line MGC-803 GUO Rong，NING Xianghong，JIANG Kui，ZHANG Qingyu△ 2015, 43 (4):  340-344.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.002 Abstract ( 617 )   PDF (599KB) ( 3966 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of expression level and methylation level of miR-200b on proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of gastric cancer cell line MGC-803 in vitro. Methods Normal human gastric epithelium cell line GES-1, and gastric cancer cell line MGC-803 cells were cultured and harvested to extract total RNA. Then miR-200b ex⁃ pression level was examined via q-PCR；Methylation in promoter of miR-200b was revealed by Bisulphite PCR. MGC-803 cells were treated with different concentrations of 5′-Aza-CdR to test its effect on miR-200b expression and methylation of its promotor. The effect of its treatment at 10 μmol/L for 72 h on invasion，proliferation and apoptosis of both cell lines were detected by Transwell assay, Flow cytometry and apoptosis assay respectively. The gene related to EMT (epithelial-mesen⁃ chymal transition ) such as E-cadherin，N-cadherin，ZEB1，Slug were checked by Western blot. Results The expression of miR-200b in GES-1 is higher than that in MGC-803（P=0.022）. The methylation level in promoter region of miR-200b in GES-1 is lower than that in MGC-803（P=0.034）. After treated with 5′-Aza-CdR, the expression of miR-200b in MGC- 803 cell was up-regulated in a timely dependent manner. On the contrary, the methylation in promoter of mirR-200b were down-regulated when 5′-Aza-CdR were added at 10 μmol/L（P=0.043）. What’s more, 5′-Aza-CdR administration increas⁃ es cell apoptosis especially in aged cells and delays cell cycle at G0/G1 which in turn decrease ratio of cells in S phages. 5′- Aza-CdR treatment also decreased invasiveness and induced expression of E-cadherin, as well as down regulated the ex⁃ pressions of N-cadhrin, ZEB1, Slug and MMP9 in MGC-803 cells. Conclusion Expression of miR-200b could be affected by methylation of promoter of miR-200b and in turn regulate proliferation and invasion of gastric cells in vitro. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of basic fibroblast growth factor on osteogenic differentiation and cell proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts in vitro ZHEN Zhen, JIANG Shaoyun, TAO Yufei, YAN Zhimin, DENG Jiayin△ 2015, 43 (4):  344-347.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.003 Abstract ( 988 )   PDF (907KB) ( 3912 )   Abstract: Objective To observe the effects of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on osteogenic differentiation abili⁃ ty and cell proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs), and to explore the role of bFGF on the process of osteogenic differencitiaion in vitro. Methods HGFs were cultured in vitro until the 3rd passage when they were divided into four groups: normal medium as group 1, normal medium with 10 μg/L bFGF as group 2, osteogenic medium as group 3 and osteo⁃ genic medium with 10 μg/L bFGF as group 4. MTT assay was used to evaluate the proliferation of HGFs. Alkaline phospha⁃ tase (ALP) staining and Alizarin red staining were applied to investigate osteogenic potential of HGFs under different culture conditions. Results bFGF at concentration of 10 μg/L could increase HGFs proliferation in both normal and osteogenic medium (P＜0.01). HGFs could be induced towards osteogenic differentiation and form mineralized nodule in osteogenic me⁃ dium. However, 10 μg/L bFGF had no effects on ALP activity and mineralized nodule formation of HGFs during osteogenic differentiation. Conclusion bFGF could promote the proliferation of HGFs but show no effects on osteogenic differentiation of HGFs at concentration of 10 μg/L. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of differential microRNA expression in patient with gallbladder stones through high-throughput sequencing technologies YANG Bin1, ZHANG Jie2Δ, LIU Bin1, WU Tao1, WANG Qiang1 2015, 43 (4):  348-352.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.004 Abstract ( 928 )   PDF (456KB) ( 4250 )   Abstract: Objective To detect the differential expression profile of microRNAs between patients with or without gall⁃ bladder stone. Methods Samples from 30 patients with gallbladder stones (GS) and 30 without gallbladder stones (GP) were collected, in which microRNAs expression profiles were examined using high-throughput sequencing instrument Illumi⁃ na HiSeq 2500. MicroRNA sequences were obtained and compared to Genebank and Rfam database for classification. Differ⁃ entially expressed microRNAs were screened, and their target genes were predicted. Significant enrichment analysis of GO and KEGG were performed. Real-time quantitative PCR was performed on selected miRNAs in order to validate their expres⁃ sion. Results Clean tags were obtained from both GS group (n=2 215 832) and GP group (n=1 424 770). A total of 17 mi⁃ croRNAs were differentially expressed between GS and GP groups with statistical significance, among which 9 were up-regu⁃ lated and 8 were down-regulated in GS group compared to those in GP group. GO (Gene ocology) analysis showed that target genes were enriched in ion binding and transport, apolipoprotein binding, calcium channel activity, protein kinase activity, steroid hormone biosynthesis and metabolism. KEGG（Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes）analysis is shown for the target genes enriched in cancer related pathways, including WNT, HIPPO pathways. qRT-PCR validation of some differen⁃ tially expressed miRNAs confirmed the result of high-throughput data analysis. Conclusion The differential expression levels of microRNAs may play an important role in occurrence and development of gallbladder stones. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Experimental Research

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Percutaneous permeability of lidocaine hydrochloride loaded destran-based niosomes NIU Jiao1, ZENG Dong1, LI Qin2, WANG Sheng3, CHANG Jin3，WANG Yue1, ZHANG Lianyun1△ 2015, 43 (4):  353-355.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.005 Abstract ( 954 )   PDF (730KB) ( 4265 )   Abstract：Objective To study the percutaneous permeability through mouse skin of lidocaine hydrochloride-loaded destran-based niosomes（LID-HLD-BNs）in vitro and in vivo. Methods HPLC was employed to exam lidocaine hydrochlo⁃ ride. Lidocaine hydro-chloride-loaded conventional liposomes (LID-CLs) and lidocaine hydrochloride injection (LID-IJ) were used as control. Isolated mouse skin was added into Franz diffusion cell to evaluate the permeability of LID-HLD-BNs in vitro. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy（CLSM）was used to observe the permeation depth of mouse skin in vivo. Re⁃ sults The permeation rate and cumulative permeation amount were significantly higher in LID-HLD-BNs group than those of LID-CLs and LID-IJ groups (P＜0.05). CLSM studies also confirmed that HLD-BNs reached deeper layers of the skin. Conclusion LID-HLD-BNs has good transdermal ability. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of artesunate on expressions of Toll-like receptor 4 and interleukin-8 in renal tissues of diabetic nephropathy rats NIE Han, SU Ke△, LONG Yan△, JIANG Shanshan, SUN Qing 2015, 43 (4):  356-360.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.006 Abstract ( 833 )   PDF (374KB) ( 4095 )   Abstract:Objective To investigate effect of artesunate on expressions of Toll-like receotor-4 (TLR4) and interleu⁃ kin-8 (IL-8) in renal tissue of diabetic nephropathy rats. Methods Male SD rats of over 200 g in body weight (n=45) were injected with low dosage streptozotocin and fed with high fat and sucrose diets to establish diabetes nephropathy (DN) model. Among all rats of successful model, thirty-two were randomly selected and divided into four groups (n=8 in each group), Mod⁃ el group (Group B), Artesunate at high dose treatment group [30 mg/(kg·d)] (Group C), Artesunate at low dose treatment group [10 mg/(kg·d)] (Group D), Enalapril treatment group [10 mg/(kg·d)] (Group E). Another eight rats without STZ injec⁃ tion whose body weight is under 200 g were assigned as Normal group (Group A). Then, rats in Group A and B were given the same volume of normal saline [10 mg/(kg·d)] while rats in Group C, D and E were given 30 mg/(kg·d) Artesunate, 10 mg/(kg·d) Artesunate and 10 mg/(kg·d) Enalapril respectively intragastrically for consecutive 12 weeks. Fasting blood glucose, body weight, kidney index, 24-hours proteinuria, serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were measured. Expression level of TLR4 in renal tissue of rats were examined by Western blot; ELISA was used to quantify the concentration of IL-8 in serum and renal tissue of rats. Results Compared with rats in Group A, the levels of Fasting blood glucose, kidney index , 24-hours proteinuria, Cr and BUN as well as the level of TLR4 in kidney, levels of IL-8 in serum and kidney all significant⁃ ly increased in rats in Group B, C, D and E（P < 0.05）. On the other hand, body weight were decreased in rats of Group B, C, D and E compared to rats in Group A（P < 0.05）. The level of TLR4 in kidney, levels of IL-8 in serum and kidney, 24-hours proteinuria, Cr and BUN in rats of Group C, D and E were significantly lower than those in rats of Group B（P < 0.05）. Furthermore, compared with rats in Group D, the levels of TLR4 in kidney, IL-8 in serum and kidney, 24-hours proteinuria, Cr and BUN were decreased in rats in Group C and E（P < 0.05）. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the expression lev⁃ el of TLR4 positively correlated with IL-8 level in serum (r=0.969, P < 0.05), IL-8 level in kidney (r=0.972, P<0.05), 24- hours proteinuria（r=0.965, P < 0.05）, Cr（r=0.944, P < 0.05）and BUN（r=0.903, P < 0.05）. IL-8 level in kidney positively correlated with 24-hours proteinuria（r=0.962, P < 0.05）, Cr（r=0.929, P < 0.05）and BUN（r=0.940, P < 0.05）. Conclu⁃ sion Artesunate decreases expression of TLR4 and IL-8, reduce 24-hours proteinuria, inhibits the inflammation of the DN，relives the pathological lesions of nephron rats with diabetic nephropathy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Impacts of alcohol dependence on the anticonvulsant effect of diazepam TANG Jie1, WANG Duoduo1, MA Jiao1, FENG Yawei1, LOU Peng1, ZHANG Xinyu1, XU Jiachen1, GAO Yangyang1, WU Jingru2△ 2015, 43 (4):  360-363.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.007 Abstract ( 917 )   PDF (335KB) ( 4195 )   Abstract: Objective To study the impacts of alcohol dependence on the anticonvulsant effect of diazepam. Meth⁃ ods Kunming mice (n=36) were divided into 3 groups (n=12 in each group), Alcohol Dependence Group（A group）, Diaze⁃ pam Group（D group）and Normal Saline Group（N group）. A group received an intraperitoneal injection with a 0.2 mL dose of 0.8% alcohol in NS (normal saline) , while both D and N group received an injection with a 0.2 mL dose of NS without alco⁃ hol , twice a day. Mice’s autonomic activities were monitored every day. After 7 days, the electroconvulsive experiment was performed. Both A and D group were given a weight-based dose of 0.05 mL/10 g of 0.05% diazepam via intraperitoneal injection, while N group was given a 0.05 mL/10 g dose of NS. Before administration and after 15, 30, 60 min of administration, the convulsion threshold of each group was measured. Results The count of autonomic activity of mice in A group was less than that of mice in D and N group during the 2nd day to 6th day（P＜0.05）. On the 1st and 7th day, the difference of the count of autonomic activity of mice between A group and the other two groups was not statistically significant（P > 0.05）. The convulsion threshold of mice in A group was higher than that of mice in D and N group before administration（P＜0.05）. Af⁃ ter administration, the convulsion threshold of mice in N group didn’t show statistically significant difference from that of mice before administration（P > 0.05）. After 15 min of administration, the convulsion threshold of mice in D group was high⁃ er than that of mice in A and N group（P＜0.05）, while the convulsion threshold of mice in A group was higher than that of mice in N group（P＜0.05）. After 30 min and 60 min of administration, both the convulsion thresholds of mice in A and D group were higher than that of mice in N group（P＜0.05）. However, at this point, the difference of the convulsion thresholds of mice between A and D group was not statistically significant（P > 0.05）. Conclusion Alcohol dependence has anticon⁃ vulsant effect. Alcohol dependence weakens the anticonvulsant effect of diazepam. Related Articles | Metrics

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Roles of panaxtrial saponins in cognition and memory of diabetic rat and in activity of astrocytes LI Chuntao1, HAN Yanxiu2, DU Xiaowei2, ZUO Zhongfu1△ 2015, 43 (4):  364-366.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.008 Abstract ( 750 )   PDF (811KB) ( 3862 )   Abstract：Objective To explore protective effects of panaxtrial saponins (PTS) on cognition and memory of diabetic rats and to reveal its mechanism by which might involve regulating activity of astrocytes. Methods SD rats (n=24) were ran⁃ domly assigned into control, diabetic and PTS-treated groups (n=8 in each group). Rat diabetic model was induced through streptozotocin injection intraperitoneally. Rats in control group were native rats, and rats in PTS-treated group were diabetic rats that were administered with PTS. Body weight and blood glucose were monitored through the experiments. Three months later, state of cognition was examined by methods of water maze. Hippocampal astrocyte morphology were detected by immu⁃ nohistochemistry, and the expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in hippocampus were revealed by Western blot. Results Compared with control group, diabetic group showed cog⁃ nitive dysfunction, atrophic astrocyte soma, shrinked astrocyte processes, and down-regulation of hippocampal GFAP and GDNF (P < 0.05). Compared with diabetic group, PTS-treated group exhibited improved cognition and morphology of hippo⁃ campal astrocyte, and reversed expression of GFAP and GDNF in diabetic hippocampus (P < 0.05). Conclusion PTS re⁃ versed astrocytic reactivity as well as expression of GDNF and GFAP in diabetic hippocampus and ameliorated diabetic cog⁃ nitive dysfunction. Related Articles | Metrics

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HO-1 expression in adipose tissue of obese young SD rats and its role in inflammation and anti-inflammatory mechanism LIU Tingting1，LIU Geli1△，ZHAO Jing1，HE Juan1，BAO Pengli1，DING Xiaoming2 2015, 43 (4):  367-370.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.009 Abstract ( 657 )   PDF (939KB) ( 3918 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the change of HO-1 expression in adipose tissue of obese young SD rats as well as its relationship with macrophage infiltration and polarization. Methods Three-week old SD rats (n=24) were randomly divided into 2 groups, routine diet group (NC) and high fat diet group (FC). After feeding 4 weeks, triglyceride (TG), high den⁃ sity lipoprotein (HDL-C), fasting glucose and insulin were compared between these two groups and the insulin resistance in⁃ dex was calculated. The gene expressions of HO-1, IL-6, IL-10 and MCP-1 were assessed by quantitative PCR. Infiltration and polarization of macrophages and M2 macrophages in the visceral adipose tissue were examined by immunohistochemis⁃ try. Results The levels of FINS, FBG and HOMA-IR in rats of FC group were higher than those of rats in NC group after 4 weeks feeding (P < 0.05). The level of HO-1, IL-6, MCP-1 in rats from FC group were significantly higher while level of IL- 10 were lower compared with those in rats from NC group after 4 weeks of feeding (P < 0.05). In samples from FC groups, more macrophages were detected in adipose tissue by DAB staining than those from NC group. There was no significant dif⁃ ference (P > 0.05) in MOD value of F4/80 and CD206 between these two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion The infiltration of macrophage in visceral adipose tissue of obese young SD rats significantly increased while HO-1 expression was reactively increased. This insinuated that HO-1 might play an important role in anti-inflammatory mechanism through regulating polar⁃ ization of macrophages. Related Articles | Metrics

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Serum levels of VEGF, TGF-β1 and CTRP3 in type II diabetic rat with atherosclerosis and the interventional mechanism of simvastatin WANG Wanqiu1, SUN Kan1△, JIN Jin2, ZHOU Ting3 2015, 43 (4):  370-374.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.010 Abstract ( 599 )   PDF (882KB) ( 3939 )   Abstract：Objective To investigate the serum expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 3 (CTRP3) in type II diabetic rats with atheroscle⁃ rosis and to undermine the interventional mechanism of simvastatin. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into normal diet (NC) group (n＝8), high-fat diet (HFD) group (n＝8), high-fat diet intervention (HFD+S) group (n＝8), model (M) group (n＝18) and model intervention (M+S) group (n＝16). The diabetic atherosclerosis model was established by streptozotocin (STZ)＋Vitamin D3（VitD3）＋High-fat diet. The group HFD+S and group M+S rats were administrated with simvastatin at 20 mg/（kg·d）intragastrically as intervention while distilled water [20 mL/（kg·d）] were given to other groups. Serum levels of fasting plasma glucose（FPG）, blood lipid, fasting insulin（FINS）, VEGF, TGF-β1 and CTRP3 were compared between each groups. Results Characteristics of atheromatous plaque were seen in group M and group M + S whose pathological change were markedly attenuated compared to group M. Serum levels of VEGF, TGF-β1 and CTRP3 were significantly high⁃ er in rats from Group HFD than those in rats from group NC. Serum levels of VEGF and TGF-β1 were significantly higher in rats from Group M than those in rats from group NC. Serum level of VEGF was significantly higher in rats from Group M than it in rats from group HFD. Serum level of CTRP3 was significantly lower in rats from Group M than it in rats from group HFD. Moreover, serum levels of TGF-β1 and CTRP3 were significantly higher in rats from Group HFD+S than those in rats from group HFD after the intervention with simvastatin. Serum level of VEGF was significantly lower in rats from Group M+S than it in rats from group M, and serum levels of TGF-β1 and CTRP3 were significantly higher in rats from group M+S than those in rats from group M after the intervention with simvastatin. Conclusion VEGF, TGF-β1 and CTRP3 may partici⁃ pate in development of diabetic atherosclerosis. In addition to its hypolipidemic role, Simvastatin can also down regulate se⁃ rum level of VEGF and up regulate serum levels of TGF-β1 and CTRP3 to exert a significant protective effect on diabetic atherosclerosis. Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical Research

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Cross-section study of early renal damage in patients with chronic hepatitis B HAN Xue1,2, LI Fei2, SONG Liwen2, LIU Jianyong2, MI Yuqiang2Δ 2015, 43 (4):  375-378.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.011 Abstract ( 715 )   PDF (332KB) ( 3960 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate early renal damage of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients and the risk factors related to their renal function. Methods CHB patients who visited the second people’s hospital but did not receive systemic treatment were enrolled in our study. Those who visited for general check-up with no hepatic findings during the same period were selected as control group. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of all the participants were estimated by simplified MDRD equation and CKDEPI equation (designated as M-eGFR and C-eGFR respectively). Influence factors of eGFR were statistically analyzed. Results In the total 528 cases in CHB group, 88 (16.67%) and 62 (11.74%) suffered declined M-eGFR and C-eGFR respectively. By contrast, 10 (8.77%) and 6 (5.26%) cases in the total 114 cases in control group present declined M-eGFR and C-eGFR ac⁃ cordingly. Percentages of renal function impairment, estimated by both M-eGFR and C-eGFR, were higher in the CHB group than those in control group. The difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.518, P < 0.05；χ2=4.156, P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that age, HBsAg and body mass index (BMI) were risk factors of M-eGFR while age, HBsAg, gender and serum albumin were risk factors of C-eGFR. On the other hand, HBV-DNA and HBeAg were not risk factors for M-eGFR or C-eGFR. Conclusion HBV infection can lead to early renal damage. Age and HBsAg are main risk factors of renal function impairment. Therefore, renal function should be scrutinized in CHB patients. Related Articles | Metrics

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Incidence and risk factors of human papilloma virus type 16 infection Meng DUAN Xiu-Jie CHEN 2015, 43 (4):  379-382.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.012 Abstract ( 1248 )   PDF (310KB) ( 4941 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the incidence and risk factors of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) infec⁃ tion among women through health screenings in Tianjin urban area. Methods A total of 2 000 women from Tianjin urban area were recruited for this study, and potential risk factors were investigated by questionnaire as well as by collecting cervi⁃ cal exfoliated cells from the participants. HPV type was examined using polymerase chain reaction and pyrosequencing tech⁃ nology, then the risk factors of HPV16 infection were examined by chi square test and the multiple factor logistic regression analysis. Results Among those 2 000 women who received health screenings, a total of 271 cases were HPV positive (13.55%). HPV16 accounts for the most common human papillomavirus types (39.5%, 107/271) while HPV58 account for 15.13%（41/271）and HPV18 account for 9.59% (26/271). Factors related to HPV16 infection were investigated include smoking history, initial age of sex (>25 years old or not) , number of pregnancies (≥2 or not), number of sexual partners (≥2 or not) and contraception measures (condom or other ways) with χ2=6.268，8.540，4.951，7.123，6.053，5.019, respectively. (P < 0.05). Age, alcohol intake, education level and previous gynecologial examination did not differ significantly among HPV16 positive patients compared to those with negative HPV. Multiple factor Logistic regression model analysis showed that the independent factors were smoking history and initial age for sex（≤25 years old）(P < 0.05). Conclusion HPV16 is the most common type of cervical infection among women in Tianjin urban area. Changing inappropriate sexual behavior and smoking cessation are effective measures to prevent HPV16 infection and reduce incidence of cervical cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical significance of differential Drosha expression between endometrial cancer tissue and other tissues HE Zhonghui, XU Hong△, KUANG Yan, XU Wensheng, MENG Yugang, XU Chaohuan 2015, 43 (4):  383-385.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.013 Abstract ( 645 )   PDF (366KB) ( 3885 )   Abstract: Objective To detect the different expressions of Drosha between endometrial cancer (EC) tissue and other tissues and to explore correlation between Drosha mRNA transcription level and protein expression level with clinicopatho⁃ logical characteristics of EC. Methods The mRNA transcription and protein expression levels of Drosha were examinaned by q-PCR and Western blot respectively in normal endometrial tissues (25 cases), atypical hyperplasia of endometrial tis⁃ sues (20 cases) and endometrial cancer tissues (40 cases). Correlations between Drosha mRNA transcription and protein ex⁃ pression with clinicopathological characteristics of EC were analyzed. Results The levels of Drosha mRNA and protein lev⁃ els in EC were obviously lower than those in endometrial atypical hyperplasia and normal endometrium (P < 0.05). But there is no significant difference of Drosha expression between endometrial atypical hyperplasia and normal endometrium tissues (P > 0.05). The protein expression levels of Drosha were consistent with transcription of mRNA transcription levels. Drosha mRNA expression does not differ significantly with differentiation, histological type, myometrial invasion, lymphatic metasta⁃ sis and FIGO stages of EC (P > 0.05). Conclusion The expression levels of Drosha in EC tissues were down-regulated, therefore the reduction of Drosha may contributed to tumorigenesis of EC. Related Articles | Metrics

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Roles of HER-2 gene amplification and protein expression in gastric carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation SONG Wei1，YU Qingkai1△,ZHANG Jingjing2, ZHANG Jianbo1, SUN Miaomiao1 2015, 43 (4):  386-389.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.014 Abstract ( 1140 )   PDF (426KB) ( 3817 )   Abstract: Objective To evaluate the gene amplification and protein expression of HER-2 in gastric carcinoma with or without neuroendocrine differentiation (NED), and to explore the difference in HER-2 gene profile between these two neo⁃ plasms. Methods Cases of gastric carcinoma with NED (n=70) and cases of gastric carcinoma without NED (n=150) were retrospectively reviewed. Gene amplification and protein expression of HER-2 genes in gastric carcinoma with or without NED were detected by combination of immunohistochemical method (IHC) and double color silver dye for in situ hybridiza⁃ tion (DISH). Prognosis of gastric cancer patients with NED were predicted using Kaplan-Meiers survival analysis. Results Expression rates of HER-2 in gastric cancer with and without NED are 20.00% and 21.33% respectively. Amplification of HER-2 in gastric cancer with and without NED are 8.57% and 14.67% respectively. Gene amplification and protein expres⁃ sion of HER-2 between gastric cancer with NED and without NED showed no statistical difference. Chromosome 17 multibody positively correlated with gene HER-2 amplification in Gastric carcinoma with NED. Postoperative survival period in patients of gastric carcinoma with NED and HER-2 amplification was shorter than that in patients of gastric carcinoma with⁃ out NED but with HER-2 amplification. Gastric carcinoma with or without NED, HER-2 gene amplification, lymph node me⁃ tastasis and operation method obviously correlate with prognosis of gastric carcinoma patients (P＜0.05). Conclusion The gastric cancer with NED is a special type of gastric cancer, there was no difference of gene amplification and protein expres⁃ sion of HER-2 gene between gastric carcinoma with NED and without NED. Poor prognosis would be expected in gastric can⁃ cer patients with NED and HER-2 amplification. Related Articles | Metrics

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Examining incisor root resorption using CBCT after orthodontic treatment for adults with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion WANG Fang1, WANG Jianguo2, ZHANG Xizhong2△ 2015, 43 (4):  390-393.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.015 Abstract ( 738 )   PDF (548KB) ( 4255 )   Abstract: Objective To evaluate incisor root resorption of adults with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion through threedimensional reconstruction of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) image using interacting medical imaging control sys⁃ tem (Mimics) and then offer guidance for labially tilted angle control in orthodontic treatment and distance of bone moving in surgery. Methods Adults of skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion (n=30) who underwent orthodontic-orthognathic combination treatment were included in this study. CBCT images were then reconstructed three-dimensionally using Mimics 10.01. Each incisor were separated at cementum-enamel junction as crown and root. Labially tilted angle and root volumes of each inci⁃ sor were measured before and after operations. At last, the correlativity between root resorption and labially tilted angle was calculated through statistic analysis. Results The decrement of upper, lower and front incisors’root volumes upon treat⁃ ment is statistically significant. However, there is no statistically significant difference of incisor’s root volumes among eight incisors nor between different gender. There is linear correlation between root volumes and labially tilted angle when the lat⁃ ter changes 7° or more when they followed the fomular =-21.416+5.618X. Conclusion For adults with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion, orthodontic treatment before orthognathic surgery decrease incisor root volumes when labially tilted angle changes 7° or more. Related Articles | Metrics

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Changes of procalcitonin level in cirrhosis patients complicated with hepatorenal syndrome SUN Long 2015, 43 (4):  393-395.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.016 Abstract ( 913 )   PDF (289KB) ( 3837 )   Abstract：Objective To observe changes of procalcitonin (PCT) level in cirrhosis patients complicated with hepatorenal syn⁃ drome (HRS). Methods Cirrhosis without HRS (Non-HRS group, n=115), cirrhosis with HRS (HRS group, n=28) and control group (40 cases) were enrolled. Levels of serum PCT, C-reactive protein (CRP), Cystatin-C (Cys-C), white blood count, percentage of neutro⁃ phils, serum creatinine and urine creatinine were examined in all participants. Correlation between serum PCT levels and incidence of HRS was analyzed. Correlations between serum PCT levels with CRP, Cys-C, 24 h-Creatinine clearance (24 h-Ccr) were analyzed. Re⁃ sults Among cirrhosis patients, those with increased PCT had higher chance of complication with HRS than those with normal PCT (P=0.026). Levels of serum PCT, CRP and Cys-C are higher in HRS Group than those in Non-HRS group，both which are higher than those incontrol group (P < 0.05); Level of 24 h-Ccr is lower in HRS Group than that in non-HRS group, both of which are lower than that in control group (P < 0.05). Levels of serum PCT positively correlated to levels of serum CRP and Cys-C but, negatively correlated to levels of 24 h-Ccr. Conclusion Serum PCT level contribute to early infection and renal damage in cirrhosis and might play an im⁃ portant role in development of HRS. It is valuable in giving early information of cirrhosis complicated with HRS. Related Articles | Metrics

New Technology

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Evaluation of coronary stent by gemstone spectral imaging or high-definition scan: a phantom study ZHANG Wenjia，ZHANG Zhang△，LI Dong，YU Tielian 2015, 43 (4):  396-399.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.017 Abstract ( 966 )   PDF (915KB) ( 3946 )   Abstract：Objective To compare the displayed inner diameter of coronary stent by high definition（HD）and gem⁃ stone spectral imaging（GSI）using dynamic cardiac and coronary artery phantom. Methods Five different types of coro⁃ nary stents（internal diameter, 3.10 mm±0.55 mm; strut thickness, 0.12 mm±0.04 mm）were placed into a pulsating cardiac phantom（ALPHA 1-VT PC, Fuyo Corporation, Japan）. The stent phantom was scanned by 3 systems, gemstone spectral im⁃ aging（GSI）, spiral scan（S）and HD. All the spectral imaging data were analyzed using GSI viewer to reconstruct the VMS (monochromic spectral) images（60-140 keV）. Image noise（N）, signal-to-noise ratio（SNR）, contrast-to-noise ratio（CNR） and inner diameter were compared between images acquired through these 3 systems. Results SNRs in images of S and HD were higher than that of GSI（P < 0.05），while there were no significant differences in CNRs among images of GSI, S and HD（P > 0.05）. The visible diameter（%）measurements of HD（0.85±0.06）was significant higher than that of the other 2 scan systems and most close to the width of those stent’s actual size.（GSI:0.40±0.16, 0.48±0.13, 0.50±0.14, 0.51±0.13, 0.45±0.05,0.52±0.13, 0.53±0.13, 0.53±0.13, 0.53±0.13, S:0.53±0.14, P < 0.05）. Conclusion There was no significant dif⁃ ferences in image quality among the images acquired by these 3 systems when the heart rate was set to 60 beats per min. Comparing to GSI and S, HD can produce best represent images to the known inner diameter of coronary stent. Related Articles | Metrics

Monograph·Bacteria and Resistance

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Carriage rates of class 1, class 2 integrons as well as ISCR1 in Shigella isolates and their relationship with drug resistance DONG Lijuan1, YANG Xian1, WANG Jun1, QI Wei1△, LYU Xing2, LIANG Fan3 2015, 43 (4):  400-403.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.018 Abstract ( 785 )   PDF (403KB) ( 4020 )   Abstract: Objective To explore carrying rates of class 1, class 2 integrons as well as ISCR1 in Shigella isolates and their connection with drug resistance. Methods Antibiotic sensitivities were detected by K-B disk diffusion in 159 clinical isolates. Total bacteria DNA was prepared through boiling the isolates and the DNA was then used as template for PCR am⁃ plification. PCR, ZSCR1 and sequencing analyse of integrons were applied to all of them. Results were compared by Blast and GenBank. Results Antibiotic sensitivity results showed that in the S. flexneri strains the incidence of resistance to tet⁃ racycline and streptomycin were 88.68% and 81.13% in the S. flexneri strains while the incidence of resistant to chloram⁃ phenicol and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazol were both 56.60%, and the incidence of multidrug drug resistance was 77.36%. In the sonnei strains, the incidence of resistance to ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazo were 97.17% and 95.28%, 83.96% and 76.42% respectively, and the incidence of multidrug resistance was 98.11%. Among all isolates, 118 were class 1 integron positive , 70 were class 2 integron positive and 89 were double positives. For those 118 isolates that are positive of class 1 integron, 23 were typical while 95 weres atypical. The gene cassettes of typical class 1 integrons contains aadA2, aa⁃ dA1, dfrⅠ, blaoxa-10 and blaoxa-1. IntI1, aadA, blaoxa-1 and IS1 were included in the gene cassetes of the atypical class 1 integrons. Class 2 integrons positive isolates carried gene cassttes which include dfrA1, satl and aadA1. No ISCR1 was found in any isolate. Integron carriage strains were closely associated with higher rate of multiple antibiobic resistance com⁃ pared with the organisms without integrons (90.65%,50%, P < 0.05). Conlusion Class 1 and class 2 integrons were widely existence in Shigella isolates and were related to the multidrug resistance. Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship of AcrAB-TolC efflux pump and its regulatory gene mutation with fluoroquinolones resistance by Shigella.spp YANG Xian1，DONG Lijuan1，QI Wei1△，CHENG Yuqian1, LYU Xing2, LIANG Fan3 2015, 43 (4):  404-407.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.019 Abstract ( 639 )   PDF (365KB) ( 3899 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the role of AcrAB-TolC efflux pump in fluoroquinolones resistance by Shigella. spp and to explore the significance of AcrAB-TolC efflux pump on mutation of acrR, soxS and marOR as well as on drug re⁃ sistence. Methods Drug resistant bacteria were selected by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test. After addition of efflux pump inhibitor carbonylcyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), change of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)s of nilidixic acid, Levofloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and Norfloxacin were examined. The DNA binding region of acrA, acrB, soxS, acrR and marOR gene in these mutants were amplified by PCR and sequenced. Results Among the 159 clinical isolates of Shigella，11 strains are resistant to fluoroquinolone. After the addition of CCCP, MICs of 2 fluoroquinolone resistant strains decreased; the MICs of 7 fluoroquinolone resistant strains did not change; MICs of 2 fluoroquinolone resistant strains in⁃ creased. The corresponding nucleotides C, A, T, T on the 36th to 39th of marOR gene were missing, showing by sequencing, in fluoroquinolone resistent strains which might be regulated by the efflux pump gene AcrAB-TolC. Conclusion Efflux pump inhibitor could restrain the activity of efflux partially. The mutations of marOR might play an important role in fluoroquino⁃ lone resistent by shigella. Related Articles | Metrics

Monograph·Cardiovascular Diseases

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Correlation between blood lipids level with creatinine clearance rate in patients with heart failure ZHAO Yuanyuan，WANG Lin△，SONG Fang，LIU Qingjun，HUA Rong，LONG Dan，YANG Limin，LIU Bainian 2015, 43 (4):  408-411.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.020 Abstract ( 684 )   PDF (321KB) ( 3843 )   Abstract：Objective To explore the relationship between blood lipids level with creatinine clearance rate（Ccr）in patients with heart failure（HF）. Methods A total of 955 patients who were diagnosed with heart failure（cardiac function NYHAⅡ~Ⅳclassification）upon discharge from the Department of Cardiology of the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, between January 2010 to June 2013 were enrolled as HF group. Healthy adults (n=200) with normal cardiac function which approximately matched basic condition with HF group were selected as control group. The HF group was fur⁃ ther divided intoⅡ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ classification according to their cardiac function（NYHA classification）. HF group was also divid⁃ ed into normal renal function group, mild renal injury group and moderate-severe renal injury group based on their Ccr. Ef⁃ fect of gender and lipid parameters were also compared. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze factors influencing renal function in patients with HF. Results Compared with people in the control group, the levels of triacylglycerol（TG）, total cholesterol（TC）, low density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-c）and non high density lipoprotein cholesterol（non-HDLc） in patients of HF group were increased while Ccr and high density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-c）were decreased. Ccr and lipids were obviously decreased in patients with HF of Ⅳ classification. TG and HDL-c were decreased in moderatesevere renal injury group. Females had a higher lipid levels than males in HF group（P < 0.05 or P < 0.01）. Advanced age, coronary heart disease and hypertension were all risk factors for renal impairment in patients with HF by binary logistic re⁃ gression. On the other hand, weight gain and HDL-c were the protection factors for renal function in HF patients. Conclu⁃ sion Dyslipidemias may lead to renal insufficiency in patients with HF. It was important to control lipids and improve re⁃ nal function in patients with HF. Related Articles | Metrics

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Risk factors of depression in coronary heart disease patients who underwent revascularization therapy XIE Cun1,2, CONG Hongliang2,3Δ, LI Ximing2, ZHANG Ruyan2 2015, 43 (4):  412-415.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.021 Abstract ( 901 )   PDF (303KB) ( 3962 )   Abstract: Objective To explore the incidence and risk factors of depression in coronary heart disease patients who underwent revascularization therapy. Methods A total of 493 patients who were admitted in Tianjin chest hospital from April 2012 to February 2013 were enrolled, among whom 258 patients acceptted coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and the rest 235 patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Self-rating depression scale (SDS) was employed to assess the state of patients at both1 day before and 7 days after the operations. According to the postopera⁃ tive scores, CABG group was divided into the depression group (n=90) and non-depression group (n=168) while PCI group was also divided into depression group (n=54) and non-depression group (n=181). Basic clinical datum of patients were col⁃ lected and analyzed and independent risk factors of depression was analyzed though logistic multi- variant regression. Results The incidence of postoperative depression among CABG patients was significantly higher than that in PCI patients (P＜0.05).（1）In the CABG group, age, ratio of female gender, alcohol intake, rate of past depression, length of anaesthesia, length of staying in ICU and incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction（POCD）were all higher in depression subgroup than those in non-depression subgroup. Female and preoperative depression were both independent risk factors for postoper⁃ ative depression in patients underwent CABG.（2）In PCI group, ratio of female gender, blood pressure, incidence of Diabe⁃ tes Mellitus, the rate of past Myocardiac infaction (MI), length of intervention therapy and the number of planted stents were all higher in depression subgroup than non-depression subgroup. Female, past MI and length of intervention therapy are all independent factors of post-operative depression in patients underwent PCI. Conclusion Incidence of depression in pa⁃ tients underwent revascularization is high. Female is the dependent risk factor in both CABG group and PCI group. Com⁃ pared with PCI, CABG had greater influence on development of depression in postoperative patients. Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship among mTOR levels，regulatory T cells and cytokins in patients with acute coronary syndrome ZHANG Yan1，2, LI Zhiliang1△, HU Chunling2 2015, 43 (4):  416-418.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.022 Abstract ( 805 )   PDF (322KB) ( 4227 )   Abstract：Objective To assess whether mTOR was activated in peripheral T lymphocytes of acute coronary syndrome （ACS）patients and to investigate the relationship among mTOR，regulatory T cells and cytokins. Methods Patients with acute coronary syndrome (n=32) were selected in ACS group. Meanwhile, patients who complainted of chest pain but were proven to be normal in ECG and in coronary arteriography, were excluded as ACS patients but were diagnosed as Chest Pain Syndrome (CPS) and selected in CPS group (n=28). The expression levels of mTOR, phospho- p70S6KT389 (indicative of mTORC1 activity) and phospho-AKTS473(indicative of mTORC2 activity) were investigated in T cells, which were isolated from peripheral blood of patients in ACS group or CPS group, using Western blot. The proportion of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Tregs over CD4+ cells were evaluated by FACS. And T cell subset related cytokines such as IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17 and TGF-β1 were exam⁃ ined by ELISA. Then we investigated the relationship among mTOR，regulatory T cells and cytokins by Spearman analysis. Results mTOR and p-p70S6KT389 expression were significantly enhanced in ACS group as compared with those in patients from CPS group (P＜0.01). Higher levels of IFN-γ, IL-17 but lower level of TGF-β1 cytokines as well as decreased propor⁃ tion of Tregs were observed in ACS group than those in CPS group (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the level of IL-4 and p-AKTS473 between the two groups (P＞0.05). By correlation analysis, p-p70S6KT389 expression level positively correlated with IFN-γ, IL-17（rs=0.91,092，P＜0.01）and negatively correlated with Tregs and TGF-β1 （rs=-0.85,-0.80, re⁃ spectively, P＜0.01）. Conclusion mTORC1 pathway was activated in peripheral T lymphocytes of ACS patients, and Tregs insufficiency and cytokins imbalance both contribute to the activation of mTORC1 pathway and pathological process of ACS. Related Articles | Metrics

New Technology

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A novel methodology to concentrate and quantify malignant cells in CSF from lung cancer patients with leptomeningeal metastasis MA Chunhua, JIANG Rong△, LI Jinduo, WANG Bin, SUN Liwei, LYU Yuan 2015, 43 (4):  419-421.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.023 Abstract ( 926 )   PDF (307KB) ( 4122 )   Abstract：Objective To assess the value of tumor marker immunostaining-FISH (TM-iFISH) technology on concen⁃ trating and enumeration of tumor cells in CSF of lung cancer patients with leptomeningeal metastasis(LM). Methods Six cases of non-small cell lung cancer with leptomeningeal metastasis, which were diagnosed by CSF cytology or enhanced MRI scan, were selected. A total of 20 mL of CSF was collected in each case. TM-iFISH technology was employed to concen⁃ trate and quantify circulating tumor cells in 7.5 mL CSF samples in each case while CSF cytology used 10 mL CSF samples in each case; Finally, the rest 2.5 mL CSF in each case was used for biochemistry assay. Results Ten CSF samples from 6 patients with non-small lung cancer with LM were assayed and tumor cells numbers ranging between 3 and 1 823 every 7.5 mL were found in 7 samples. On the other hand, CSF cytology examination only revealed tumor cells in 3 cases. Using CSF biochemical assay, higher than normal of protein level was found in 9 cases. TM-iFISH technology was employed again in 3 cases of patients who received treatment. Tumor cell count in CSF reduced in 2 out of the 3 cases. Conclusion TM-iFISH technology is a new method for detection and enumeration of tumor cells in the CSF in non-small cell lung cancer patients with leptomeningeal metastasis. This technology present diagnosis and curative values in lung cancer patients with leptomen⁃ ingeal metastasis. Related Articles | Metrics

Applied Research

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Stent thrombosis and major clinical events after BuMA coronary stent implantation HUANG Kui1, 2, YU Weiwei2, LYU Weiying1, LIU Yin1, 2△ 2015, 43 (4):  422-425.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.024 Abstract ( 1114 )   PDF (337KB) ( 4064 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the long-term safety and efficacy of the domestic biodegradable drug-eluting cor⁃ onary stents (BuMA) in treating coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods Patients (n=440) who received BUMA stents were designated as observation group while patients (n=460) received Resolutestents were designated as control group. The base⁃ line clinical characteristics, extend of pathological change shown by Coronary Arteriography (CAG），the procedure of percu⁃ taneous coronary intervention were similar between these two groups. The patients were followed up for a mean of 24±4 months; the primary endpoint was the occurrence of definite or probable stent thrombosis; secondary endpoint was major ad⁃ verse cardiac events (MACEs) including complex end such as recurrent angina, acute non-fatal myocardial infarction, death, target vessel revascularization (TVR); other endpoints include all- cause mortality, cardiac death, myocardial infarc⁃ tion (MI), target lesion revascularization (TLR), non-target vessel revascularization and stroke. Some patients were lost dur⁃ ing follow up, which include 5 in observation group and 26 in control group. Results Patients in observation groups were in⁃ serted with 615 stents while patients in control group were implanted with 614 stents, both groups with average of implanting 1.41 stent / case. There are no statistical significance differences in the primary endpoint [1.4%(6/435) vs 1.8%(8/434), χ2= 0.087], secondary endpoint [12.3% (54/435) vs 10.8%(47/434), χ2=0.524] and other endpoints between the two groups. Con⁃ clusion These data suggest that domestic biodegradable drug-eluting coronary stents (BuMA) are with good long-term safe⁃ ty and efficacy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Curative effect of arthroscopy with suture anchor on acute patellar dislocation WU Jiang1，2，HUANG Jingmin2△，CAO Jiangang2，JIN Hongbin2，CHEN Xiao2，WANG Haijiao2 2015, 43 (4):  426-428.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.025 Abstract ( 776 )   PDF (905KB) ( 5220 )   Abstract：Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of arthroscopy with anchor treatment on acute patellar dislo⁃ cation. Methods Retrospective analysis of patient with acute patellar dislocation cases who visited our hospital from March 2010 to June 2013 and were followed up for 10 months or more after being discharged. Patients all underwent physical exami⁃ nation and imaging examination before operations. All operations were performed under arthroscopy. Joint hematoma were first drained, then articular cartilage injury were explored and repaired. Corresponding relationship between patella and femo⁃ ral condyle were observed. After that, lateral retinaculum was released and medial patellofemoral ligament was repaired by suture anchors. Finally patellar reduction and its corresponding relationship with femur were observed after operation. Re⁃ sults Medial patella cartilage injury and bone contusion of femoral condyle were all observed under arthroscopy. Medial patellofemoral ligament damage and tensed lateral patellar retinaculum were combined. By the time of follow-up at 10~18 months later, no dislocation was found and fear test are all positive. No recurrence of patellar dislocation was observed. Compared the conditions before operation and the last follow-up, Lysholm score（91.38±1.65 vs 60.04±3.93）, Kujala score （90.62±2.08 vs 55.27±3.00），patellar camber angle（11.96°±1.43° vs 25.15°±2.13°）were all imporved（P＜0.01）. Conclu⁃ sion Arthroscopy with suture anchors present good clinical effect in the treatment of acute patellar dislocation, which in⁃ cludes alleviating keen pain, stabilizing joint instability and restoring knee stretching. It also present with less recurrence of patellar dislocation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of enhanced CT-guided percutaneously transthoracic lung biopsy LIU Bin1,2，ZHANG Hong3，LI Yuechuan2△ 2015, 43 (4):  429-431.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.026 Abstract ( 1058 )   PDF (291KB) ( 3861 )   Abstract：Objective To investigate the clinic value of enhanced CT-guided percutaneously transthoracic lung biopsy. Methods A total of 423 patients who underwent CT-guided percutaneously transthoracic lung biopsy were retrospectively analyzed. The percentage of specimen are satisfactory，the rate of sample with pathological findings，the number of cases with complications，theaveragegoesofunsuccessfulbiopsyandthetimesofchangingpuncturepointwerecomparedbetweentheenhanced CT group and the plain CT group. Results Compare parameters in patients whose procedure were guided with the enhanced CT group and with plain CT group, the average goes of unsuccessful biopsy, the times of changing puncture point in patients, the percentage of specimen that were satisfactory, the rate of sample with positive pathological findings and the rate that complicated with pneumothorax or hemorrhage show statistical significance（. 3.08±1.05 vs 3.75±1.34, 8.52% vs 18.54%,90.13% vs 73.60%, 76.62% vs 63.36%, 15.51% vs 27.53%, 7.76% vs 14.04%, P＜0.05）. Conclusion In patient whose biopsys were guided by enhanced CT, the percentage of samples that are satisfactory is higher, the incidence of complication is fewer and the sample with pathological finding is higher compared to those in patients whose biopsys were guided by plain CT. Therefore, enhanced CTguided percutaneous transthoracic biopsy is more valuable than plane CT. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of cardiac resynchronization therapy on heart failure patients with different morphologies of left bundle branch block in ECG LIN Yanyu1, WU Dongyan2, XU Jing2△, CHEN Bingwei2 2015, 43 (4):  432-435.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.027 Abstract ( 633 )   PDF (341KB) ( 4050 )   Abstract: Objective To compare the efficacy of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) on chronic heart failure (CHF) patients with different left bundle branch block (LBBB) morphologies. Methods Patients（n=45）who were treated with CRT were enrolled. According to the intrinsic ECG morphologies, patients were divided into 1) "genuine" LBBB group (n=32) who present negative dominant V1 and V2 lead wave (QS or rS); mid-QRS notching or slurring in at least 2 leads of Vl, V2, V5, V6, I and aVL as well as QRS duration≥140 ms in male or ≥130 ms in female and 2) "false" LBBB group (n=10) who meet traditional standards but fail to meet“genuine”LBBB diagnostic standard. The QRS duration, echocardiographic indi⁃ ces and New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Classification were evaluated at the 12 months follow-up. CRT re⁃ sponder was defined as patient with≥1 decrease in NYHA class and/or with≥15%reduction in left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV). CRT super-responder was defined as patient with≥30% reduction in LVESV. Results There was no dif⁃ ference in basic characteristics of patients between groups. At the 12 months follow-up, 20 patients in "genuine" LBBB group and 6 patients in "false" LBBB group were identified as responders (P > 0.05). Compared with those in "false" LBBB group, the responders in "genuine" LBBB group showed better improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction and left ven⁃ tricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD) (both P < 0.05). Conclusion Left bundle branch block morphology is less predic⁃ tive for the efficacy of CRT. However, patients who show response to CRT with "genuine" LBBB profile may get more bene⁃ fits from CRT treatment than the patients with "false" LBBB profile. Related Articles | Metrics

Drug Clinical Evaluations

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Effect of small dose solifenacin in the treatment of pediatric primary nocturnal enuresis LI Canqiang, QIU Minjie，XU Le△ 2015, 43 (4):  436-438.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.028 Abstract ( 1011 )   PDF (308KB) ( 4058 )   Abstract：Objective To evaluate the clinical value of small doses of solifenacin to treat children of primary nocturnal enuresis. Methods Children (n=78) of primary nocturnal enuresis were randomly divided into treatment group（39 cases） and control group（39 cases）. All children received behavioral intervention therapy, while children in the treatment group were given Solifenacin（5 mg /tablet, 1/3 tablet, 1 times a day for 3 months) orally besides behavioral therapy. Children were followed up for 3 months after the end of the treatment, and the curative effect and recurrence rate were compared between two groups. Results Compared with that of children in control group, cure rate of children in treatment group is higher at the end of treatment (89.7% vs 69.2%, P < 0.05) as well as by 3 month of follow-up time (82.1% vs 46.2%, P < 0.05). The re⁃ currence rate of children in treatment group, by three months follow-up time, was lower than that of children in control group （8.6% vs 33.3%，P < 0.05）. Conclusion Small dose of Solifenacin in addition to behavioral intervention is safe and effec⁃ tive in treatment of children with enuresis, which enhance cure rate and reduce recurrence. Related Articles | Metrics

Review

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High density lipoprotein: the double-edge sword on endothelial function ZHAO Lili, MAO Yongmin△ 2015, 43 (4):  439-442.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.029 Abstract ( 978 )   PDF (330KB) ( 4132 )   Abstract：Chronic exposure to risk factors at the beginning stage of atherosclerosis development can damage endotheli⁃ um and ultimately initiat endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial dysfunction is one of the major mechanisms in atherosclerosis development. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is a lipoprotein with complicated function and is composed of a variety of pro⁃ teins and lipids. Epidemiological studies showed an inverse correlation between HDL and atherosclerosis. The protective role of HDL on endothelium might related to its function in reversing cholesterol transport, reducing peripheral cholesterol accu⁃ mulation, preventing foam cells formation, dilating vessels, antioxidant and anti-inflammation, all of which antagonize devel⁃ opment of atherosclerosis. But HDL obtained from patients with cardiovascular disease which has known dysfunctional HDL may induce endothelial dysfunction. This review addresses the relationships between functional HDL or dysfunctional HDL with the endothelial function. Related Articles | Metrics

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Review the connection between trimethylamine oxide and atherosclerosis WANG Weizhan1,2, TIAN Fengshi2△ 2015, 43 (4):  443-445.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.030 Abstract ( 1408 )   PDF (284KB) ( 7582 )   Abstract: Recent researches revealed that intestinal flora contribute to the development of metabolic syndrome, espe⁃ cially to the disorder of their targeted cardiovascular system. Blood cholesterol level is affected by the metabolism of intesti⁃ nal flora in cholesterol and bile acid. At the same time, the blood cholesterol level is the key player in development of athero⁃ sclerosis. This review mainly discussed the relationship between the intestinal flora dependent metabolite trimethylamine ox⁃ ide (Trimetlylamine oxide, TMAO) and atherosclerosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Anticoagulation therapy of vascular thrombotic diseases and new progress of Rivaroxaban application ZHAO Ziyuan, ZHANG Xiujun△ 2015, 43 (4):  446-448.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.031 Abstract ( 844 )   PDF (285KB) ( 4155 )   Abstract: Incidence of thrombotic disease is very high, and this disease can result in high mortality and high disability rate. Prevention and treatment of the disease mainly include: antiplatelet, anticoagulation and thrombolysis. Choice of anti⁃ thrombotic treatment based emphasizes on individuation. As a direct inhibitor of factor Xa, Rivaroxaban exert its anticoagu⁃ lant activity without antithrombin Ⅲ but is ineffective to the Ⅹa in prothrombin complex, which can be used as a substitute of traditional anticoagulant. In this paper, applications of Rivaroxaban on treating symptomatic venous thromboembolic dis⁃ ease, postoperative venous thrombosis and cardiovascular thrombosis are reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics