Table of Content

15 August 2015, Volume 43 Issue 8 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Monograph·Cardiovascular Diseases(Editor-in-Chief: LI Guangping)
Cell and Molecular Biology
Experimental Study
Clinical Study
Applied Essay
Epidemiological Investigation
Evidience-Based Medicine
Diagnostic Techniques
Review


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Monograph·Cardiovascular Diseases(Editor-in-Chief: LI Guangping)

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Construction and prospection of percutaneous coronary intervention quality control system HUO Yong, LIU Zhaoping 2015, 43 (8):  833-836.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.001 Abstract ( 1203 )   PDF (366KB) ( 3908 )   In 21th century, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) technique enters in rapid development stage in China. From 2009, quality control system of PCI runs in national scale. Since then, the national quality control center estab⁃ lished cooperative relationship with the provincial quality control centers. Official website and quality control tools were im⁃ proved. PCI data were collected and analyzed annually, and then reported to the regulatory body and published to the public. Audit was run irregularly. Quality control centers were also involved in some other related affairs such as training course and admission. The quality control system lead PCI in China to an improved daily practice and control PCI application all over the country in terms of data. In the future, the quality control techniques and teamwork will be further improved. And quality evaluation system and management team will be perfected gradually. Quality control will be extended from PCI to coronary heart disease and combined with audit of coronary heart disease. According to the quality control data, the quality and its rank of medical centers will be published in certain range. So that we can provide better care to the coronary heart disease pa⁃ tients. Related Articles | Metrics

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LCZ696 is effective in treating patients with heart failure: based on PARADIGM-HF data XU Yanmin, WANG Dongxin, CUI Zhanqian, GUO Xingmei 2015, 43 (8):  837-840.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.002 Abstract ( 733 )   PDF (356KB) ( 4087 )   Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome, which is caused by cardiac structural abnormalities and dysfunction. It can lead to ventricular filling and impaired ejection capacity with high incidence and mortality . The constant activation of the rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays an important role in the development of heart failure. Angiotensin angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), angiotensin angiotensin receptor antagonist (ARB) and aldoste⁃ rone receptor antagonist (MRA) had been confirmed to be with good therapeutic effects therefore played important roles in heart failure treatment strategy shown by large scale clinical trials. The first PARADIM-HF data published by European So⁃ ciety of Cardiology in annual meeting on August 30, 2014 showed that LCZ696 can reduce cardiovascular mortality risk of HF patient by 20% when combining with beta blockers and MRA . It also reduced the number of hospitalizations of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) by 21%. LCZ696, using its unique dual phase mode verified that the regulation of neuroen⁃ docrine is the modern concept for the treatment of heart failure. LCZ696 lead to innovation and shed new light in traditional drug treatment for heart failure. Related Articles | Metrics

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Prognostic value of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction GUO Xingmei，WANG Dongxin，HAN Congcong，LI Heng，CUI Li，XU Yanmin 2015, 43 (8):  840-844.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.003 Abstract ( 906 )   PDF (346KB) ( 3979 )   Objective To investigate the clinical prognostic value of neutrophils to lymphocyte ratio（NLR）in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction（STIMI）who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention（PCI）. Methods A total of 326 patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction were enrolled. According to the neutro⁃ phils to lymphocyte ratio, patients were divided into group T1（≤ 3.46）, group T2（3.47-6.75）and group T3（> 6.75）. Basic clinical data，laboratory indexes，coronary angiography results, TIMI grading and left ventricular ejection fraction（LVEF） were collected in all groups. Incidence of adverse events in hospital such as acute heart failure, thrombosis, ventricular tachy⁃ cardia and ventricular fibrillation, atrial fibrillation, atrioventricular block and cardiogenic shock, were recorded. Major ad⁃ verse cardiac events（MACE）, death of all causes, non-fatal MI, ischemic stroke and readmission due to heart failure at the 6-month follow-up were also noted. Results The incidence of heart failure, atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia/ven⁃ tricular fibrillation and cardiogenic shock was higher in group T3 than those in the other two groups（P < 0.05）.The inci⁃ dence of multivessel coronary artery disease was significantly higher in group T3 than that in group T1 (54.1% vs 37.0%, P < 0.05). The percentage of TIMI grade 3 in post-operative infracted artery was significantly lower than that in group T1 (83.5% vs 94.4%). Left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly lower in group T3 than that of group T1 during hospital⁃ ization (0.48±0.10 vs 0.52±0.10). There was no significant difference in the incidences of death, non-fatal MI, ischemic stroke at 6 month follow up. But the rate of readmission due to heart failure was significantly higher in group T3 than that in the group T1（P < 0.05）. Conclusion Neutrophils to lymphocyte ratio may be a useful marker to predict the prognosis of pa⁃ tients with heart failure due to acute myocardial infarction. Related Articles | Metrics

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Cell memberane lipid raft proteomics and vascualr endothelial function regulation SUN Xiaoli, ZHU Yi 2015, 43 (8):  845-847.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.004 Abstract ( 542 )   PDF (270KB) ( 4625 )   Related Articles | Metrics

Cell and Molecular Biology

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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of IL- 12 gene in Zhuang populations in Guangxi LU Lu, XIE Kegong, WEI Guijiang, WANG Junli，LU Min’an, QIAO Ningning，LU Xianzhe, TANG Yujin 2015, 43 (8):  848-851.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.005 Abstract ( 650 )   PDF (462KB) ( 3883 )   Objective To investigate the frequencies of genotype and allele distribution of IL12A gene single nucleotide polymorphisms rs568408and IL12B gene single nucleotide polymorphisms rs3212227 in Zhuang populations in Guangxi, and to compare the distribution of IL12A and IL12B polymorphisms among different races. Methods The IL12A gene rs568408 and IL12B rs3212227 polymorphisms were detected by SNaPshot SNP genotyping technique in 165 Zhuang populations in Guangxi, frequencies of genotype and allele of IL12A gene rs568408 and IL12B rs3212227 polymorphisms were analyzed in Zhuang populations compared with the other four populations (HapMap-HCB, HapMap-JPT, HapMap-YRI, HapMap-TSI) from HapMap database. Results There were IL12A and IL12B gene polymorphysms in Zhuang populations in Guangxi. The frequencies of allele and genotype distribution of IL12A gene rs568408 polymorphisms were not significantly differenct compared with HapMap-HCB, HapMap-JPT and HapMap-TSI (P>0.05), but were significantly different compared with HapMap-YRI (P<0.01); The frequencies of allele and genotype distribution of IL12B rs3212227 polymorphisms were not significantly differenct compared with HapMap-HCB and HapMap-JPT (P>0.05), but were significantly different compared with HapMap-YRI and HapMap-TSI (P<0.01) .Conclusion There are significant differences in the frequencies of allele and genotype distribution of IL12A gene rs568408 and IL12B gene rs3212227 between Zhuang populations and other ethnic populations, and this variation might contribute for a variety of clinical manifestation and morbidity of some IL-12 related diseases. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and performance of LID-MWCNT based sustained release targeted drug delivery system MENG Ai, YANG Tao, WANG Pingting, WANG Jian, SUI Lei 2015, 43 (8):  852-855.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.006 Abstract ( 612 )   PDF (1453KB) ( 4017 )   Objective To prepare a targeted antitumor drug delivery system using large-inner-diameter multi-walled carbon nanotubes (LID-MWCNTs) for sustained release and to study its performance. Methods LID-MWCNTs were puri⁃ fied and oxidized，then use nanocarriers and USTs as homologous blockers. Folic acid and fluorescent labels were conjugat⁃ ed onto the external surfaces of nanocarriers. CDDP (cisplatin) was encapsulated and ultrashort tubes (USTs) were employed to block the drug entry/exit paths. The microstructure of resulted drug delivery system (DDS) was observed, while drug load⁃ ing efficiency and drug release profile in vitro were determined. The tumor-targeting property and cytotoxicity of DDS were also assessed. Results LID-MWCNT based sustained release targeted drug delivery system was established. Drug loading efficiency of CDDP@UST-FA-LID-MWCNTs was as high as 70.97%. A typical biphasic sustained release pattern was dem⁃ onstrated, and the accumulating release time was 18 h. DDS exhibited a certain kind of tumor-targeting property, and inhibit⁃ ed proliferation of tumor cells in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion CDDP@UST-FA-LID-MWCNT drug delivery system exhibited an improved drug loading efficiency and a sustained drug release profile. It could specifically target the tu⁃ mor cells and had a significant antitumor effect. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of MACC1 down-regulation on proliferation of gastric adenocarcinoma cell line LUO Yi, LIU Lupei, YU Lu 2015, 43 (8):  856-859.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.007 Abstract ( 655 )   PDF (421KB) ( 3846 )   Objective To study the effects of MACC1 down- regulation on the growth of gastric adenocarcinoma cells. Methods siRNA (MACC1-siRNA1 and MACC1-siRNA2) that can transiently silenced MACC1 was designed, syn⁃ thesized and transfected into MGC-803 cells by lipofectamine 2000. Non-specific siRNA was transfected to be used as nega⁃ tive control. The efficiency of MACC1 depletion was determined by Real-time quantitative PCR. MTT, colony formation and flow cytometry assay were performed to examine cell proliferation. The expressions of MACC1, P21,CDK4, CCND1 and cmyc were determined by Western blot. Results Compared with cells in negative control group, transiently silencing MACC1 decreased the expression of MACC1 in MGC-803 cells shown by Real-time PCR. MACC1 downregulation drastical⁃ ly changed the proliferation, colony formation and cell cycle of gastric adenocarcinoma cells in vitro (P＜0.05). The expres⁃ sions of MACC1 , CDK4, CCND1 and c-myc proteins in cells of MACC1 silence group were much lower while P21 expres⁃ sion level was much higher than those in negative control. Conclusion Down-regulation of MACC1 result in blocking cell cycle, inhibiting proliferation of MGC-803 cells. So it may serve as a promising target in the treatment of gastric cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

Experimental Study

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The effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on expressions of adiponectin and pancreatic islets related apoptotic proteins in type 2 diabetic rats CHAI Fang, GAO Xiangnan, WANG Jun, LI Qiang, ZHAO Shupeng 2015, 43 (8):  860-863.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.008 Abstract ( 740 )   PDF (968KB) ( 3910 )   Objective To explore the anti-apoptotic mechanism of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) through exam⁃ ine the postoperative change of adiponectin levels and expressions of pancreatic islets relative apoptotic protein. Methods Sixty SD rats were randomly allocated to RYGB group (n=20), type 2 diabetes mellitus group (T2DM, n=20) and normal con⁃ trol group (NC, n=20). Rats in the NC group were fed with normal diet. In order to make type 2 diabetic rat models, the rats in the T2DM and RYGB groups were fed with high fat diet (22.19 kJ/g) combined with administration of intraperitoneal strep⁃ tozotocin injection (STZ, 30 mg/kg) on the 13th day of high fat diet. RYGB operation were performed in RYGB group and sham-operation were performed in the T2DM and NC groups when diabetic model was contructed. Rats were weight preoper⁃ atively and at the 7th, 14th, 21st days after operations. Fasting plasma glucose and adiponectin (ELISA) were measured preoper⁃ atively and at 21st day postoperatively. Protein expressions of Bcl-2，Caspase 8 and Caspase 9 in pancreatic islets were ex⁃ amined by immunohistochemistry at the 21st day postoperatively. Results Body weights do not vary significantly among three groups preoperatively. Compared to rats in the NC group, fast plasma glucose level was higher but adiponectin was low⁃ er in rats in RYGB and T2DM groups. Body weights of rats in RYGB group decreased significantly compared to those of rats in NC and T2DM groups postoperatively. Compared to rats in T2DM group, fasting glucose level was lower while adiponectin concentrations was higher in rats in RYGB group but no differences of these parameters were seen in rats in NC group at the 21st day postoperatively. Expression of Bcl-2 in RYGB group was significantly elevated while expressions of Caspase 8 and Caspase 9 were significantly decreased compared to those in T2DM group postoperatively. Conclusion Adiponectin levels was elevated; expressions of Bcl-2 was increased; expressions of Caspase 8, Caspase 9 were decreased upon RYGB opera⁃ tion in T2DM model. RYGB might reduce pancreatic islets apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of renal denervation on cardiac oxidative stress and sympathetic nerve remodeling after myocardial infarction in canine SONG Lijun, LU Chengzhi, LI Chao, ZHANG Jin, WANG Li, MA Yijie 2015, 43 (8):  864-867.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.009 Abstract ( 862 )   PDF (441KB) ( 3872 )   Objective To observe the effect of renal denervation (RDN) on the cardiac oxidative stress and sympathetic nerve remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) in canine. Methods Canine (n=18) were randomly divided into three groups: Sham operation group (SHAM group, n=6), MI group (n=6), MI+RDN group (n=6). Anterior myocardial infarction was gained by gelatin sponge embolization of the left anterior descending artery. At four weeks post-MI, left ventricular enddiastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were examined using echocardiography. Immunohistochemical assay was used to analyze the distribution and density of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) stained nerve fibers at peri-infarct zone. Myocardial superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialde⁃ hyde (MDA) were also assessed. Results Compared with dogs in SHAM group, LVEF and SOD expression were decreased in MI group and MI+RDN group (P＜0.05), but Left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP), LVEDV, LVESV, MDA and rate of TH positive staining nerve fibers were increased (P＜0.05). There was a negative correlation between the rate of TH positive staining nerve fibers and SOD level (rs=-0.818，P＜0.05) and a positive correlation between rate of TH positive stain⁃ ing nerve fibers with MDA level (rs=0.900，P＜0.05). By contract, compared with MI group, LVEF and SOD in MI +RDN group were increased (P＜0.05), while LVEDV, LVESV, MDA and rate of TH positive staining nerve fibers were significant⁃ ly lowered (P＜0.05). Conclusion RDN is effective to decrease the level of cardiac oxidative stress and improve cardiac sympathetic nerve remodeling and heart function after myocardial infarction in canine. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of 3-n-butylphthalide pretreatment on microvascular architecture and free radical metabolism in hippocampus induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion KONG Wei，ZHAO Shumin，JI Hairu，CHEN Meng，MA Weijun，HAN Li，LIU Sheng 2015, 43 (8):  867-870.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.010 Abstract ( 823 )   PDF (593KB) ( 4305 )   Objective To observe microvascular architecture and free radical metabolism in hippocampus after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and to explore the effect of NBP (3-n-butylphthalide). Methods Fifty-four SD rats were randomly divided into NBP pretreatment group, ischemia/reperfusion group and sham operation group (n=18 in each group). The model of middle cerebral artery occlusion（MCAO）was established by suture method. The neurological scores were counted and the volume of infarction was measured; TA-Fe method was applied to observe the microvascular architecture of hippo⁃ campus, Mivnt image analysis system was used to analyze the microvessel density（MVD）and the microvessel area density （MVA）of hippocampus quantitatively; The activity of SOD and content of MDA were measured by colorimetric method. Re⁃ sults Compared to the ischemia reperfusion（IR）group, the neurological scores and the volume of infarction were decreased sharply in NBP group. What′s more, the activity of SOD, MVD and MVA were all enhanced but the content of MDA and the count of closed microvessels were both reduced（P < 0.01）. Conclusion NBP can improve microvascular architecture of hippocampus and reduce the free radical injury. There is a protective effect on hippocampus of rats who suffered focal cere⁃ bral ischemia reperfusion. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of interleukin-1β on MMP-13 expression in rat chondrocytes and its regulation of miR-27b WANG Xin, QIN Yu 2015, 43 (8):  871-875.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.011 Abstract ( 764 )   PDF (710KB) ( 4803 )   Objective To observe the effect of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) on expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases 13 (MMP-13) in rat chondrocytes and its regulation of miR-27b. Methods Chondrocytes were extracted from 7 Wistar male rats. Expression of MMP-13 were examined by Western blot at 0 h, 24 h, 48 h after IL-1β stimulation. Differential miRNAs expression profiles were examined by miRNAs microarray. The most obviously down-regulated miRNAs were confirmed by quantitative Real-time PCR. Targeted regulation relationship between miR-27b and MMP-13 was set up by Luciferase re⁃ porter gene experiments. Results Expression of MMP-13 in rat chondrocytes was increased at a timely dependent manner upon IL-1β stimulation(P < 0.05)；Microarray revealed 36 miRNAs whose expression changed, among which 6（miR-27b, miR-31, miR-26a, miR-26b, miR-23, miR-204）were especially obvious. Real-time PCR confirmed that miR-27b was the one whose expression level were most down-regulated. Transient co-transfection of miR-27b mimics with luciferase expres⁃ sion plasmids resulted in significant repression of luciferase activity in rat chondrocytes (P < 0.05). Conclusion IL-1β stimulation result in down-regulation of miR-27b and up-regulation of MMP-13 expression. MiR-27b and MMP-13 show targeted regulation relationship. Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical Study

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The expressions of Galectin-3 and β-catenin and their correlation studies in endometriosis SHI Ya’nan，HUANG Heling,GUO Ruifeng，LIU Yi 2015, 43 (8):  876-879.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.012 Abstract ( 942 )   PDF (1575KB) ( 4120 )   Objective To investigate the expressions and mutual relationship of Galectin-3 and β-catenin in endome⁃ triosis (EM). Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect expression levels of Galectin-3 and β-catenin and their mutual relationship in expression was also examined. Samples were collected from ectopic endometrium of patients with en⁃ dometriosis (ectopic endometrium group, n=34), eutopic endometrium of patients with endometriosis (eutopic endometrium group, n=34) and normal endometrium from people without endometriosis (control group, n=30). Results The expressions of Galectin-3 were seen in 88.2%, 85.3%, 50.0% of cases in ectopic endometrium group, eutopic endometrium group and control group respectively. On the other hand, the expression of β-catenin were seen in 55.9%, 52.9%, 26.7% of cases in ecto⁃ pic endometrium group, eutopic endometrium group and control group respectively. In EMs patients, the expression of Galec⁃ tin-3 and β-catenin were significantly higher in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than those in normal endome⁃ trium group（P＜0.05）. Expression of Galectin-3 was positive correlated with expression of β-catenin（rs=0.512, 0.428, P＜ 0.01）. Conclusion Galectin-3 and β-catenin may play important roles synergistically in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation of serum cyclophilin A level with occurance of essential hypertension in Xinjiang Xibo and Mongolia populations and its clinical significance WANG Zhong, ZHENG Lihua, BAYINBATE, XU Xiaohong, WANG Chunyong, REN Hongqiang, ZHAO Ruofei 2015, 43 (8):  879-882.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.013 Abstract ( 789 )   PDF (334KB) ( 3889 )   Objective To investigate the correlation of cyclophilin A (CyPA) level in patients with essential hyperten⁃ sion（EH）in Xinjiang Xibo and Mongolia populations and to investigate its clinical significance. Methods EH patients (n= 76) and healthy control subjects (n=62) were selected from Xinjiang Xibo populations. On the other hand, EH patients (n=66) and healthy control subjects (n=57) were selected from Xinjiang Mongolia populations. Serum cyclophilin A was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. Parameters such as age, body mass index（BMI）, waist, waist hip ratio, blood pressure were measured in each group. The correlation of cyclophilin A with each parameter was analyzed. Results The levels of serum cyclophilin A in EH patients in Xinjiang Xibo and Xinjiang Mongolia populations were significantly high⁃ er than those in their corresponding healthy control groups(P＜0.05). Serum cyclophilin A in patients with essential hyperten⁃ sion（EH）in Xinjiang Mongolia population was signifantly higher than that in EH patients from Xinjiang Xibo population (P＜0.05). There was a positive correlation between serum cyclophilin A level and occurance of EH in both Xinjiang Xibo and Xinjiang Mongolia populations. Conclusion The serum cyclophilin A is significant higher in EH patients in both Xinji⁃ ang Xibo and Xinjiang Mongolia populations so it is positively correlated with occurance of EH (P＜0.05). Cyclophilin A lev⁃ el is a risk factor of essential hypertension in both Xinjiang Xibo and Xinjiang Mongolia populations. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of Wnt3a in chronic periodontitis and its clinical significance CHENG Huanzhi, GAO Xiuqiu 2015, 43 (8):  883-885.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.014 Abstract ( 1145 )   PDF (320KB) ( 4694 )   Objective To study the expression of Wnt3a in chronic periodontitis patients and its clinical significance. Methods Wnt3a expression was examined by RT-PCR and Western-Blot in 15 cases of chronic periodontitis gingival tis⁃ sues and 15 normal tissues. Probe depth and attachment loss were also compared between these two groups. Correlation be⁃ tween Wnt3a expression and attachment lose were also analyzed. Results Probe depth was deeper in chronic periodonititis groups than that in control group（mm：7.93±1.56 vs 1.83±0.37）. Attachment loss was（7.76±1.34）mm in chronic periodonti⁃ tis group while it was not seen in control gorup. Wnt3a was lower both in transcription level（0.49±0.03 vs 0.36±0.04）and expression level（0.57±0.14 vs 0.43±0.17, P < 0.05) in chronic periodonitis tissue compared with that in normal tissues. The higher clinical attachment loss was negatively correlated with expression of Wnt3a（r=- 0.564，P=0.028）. Conclusion Wnt3a is expressed less in chronic periodontitis than that in control group. Wnt3a plays an important role in attachment loss and bone absorption. Related Articles | Metrics

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Assess the nutritional status of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by SGA ZHUANG Yan, LAI Yanping 2015, 43 (8):  886-888.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.015 Abstract ( 949 )   PDF (281KB) ( 3851 )   Objective To explore the subjective global assessment (SGA) to evaluate the nutritional status of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). Methods Patients with stable COPD (n=122) were included and divid⁃ ed into three groups base on their SGA scores: SGA-A (n=21), SGA-B (n=57), SGA-C (n=44). Nutritional status of all pa⁃ tients was assessed by SGA. Anthropometric measurement, biochemical test, pulmonary function test, COPD assessment test (CAT) and shuttle walking test (SWT) were studied between all three groups to search statistical significance and correlation with SGA. Results Body mass index(BMI), arm muscle circumference (AMC) and forced expiratory volume in the first sec⁃ ond % of predicted (FEV1% Pred) were all lower in SGA-B and SGA-C than those in SGA-A(P < 0.05)，there were no statis⁃ tical differences of these parameters between SGA-B and SGA-C. Triceps skin fold (TSF) was lower in SGA-C than that in SGA-B than that in SGA-A, while CAT score is the reverse order (P < 0.05). The walking distance of incremental shuttle walking test (ISWI) and the endurance time of endurance shuttle walking test (ESWI) were lower in SGA-C than that in SGA-A (P < 0.05). There were no statistical differences of forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1)/forced vital ca⁃ pacity(FVC), biochemical parameters between all three groups. SGA scores correlated positively with CAT and negatively with anthropometric parameters, FEV1% Pred and SWT (P < 0.05). However no correlations was deduced between SGA scores with FEV1/FVC and biochemical parameters. Conclusion SGA scores correlated with anthropometric parameters, FEV1% Pred, CAT and SWT. SGA is an effective method to assess the nutritional status in patients with stable COPD. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of therapeutic effect of different insulin administration route in treatment of juvenile type 1 diabetes mellitus DONG Jin，ZHAO Yan，HUANG Le 2015, 43 (8):  889-891.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.016 Abstract ( 744 )   PDF (275KB) ( 3870 )   Objective To compare the therapeutic efficacy of two different administration routes of insulin administra⁃ tion on juvenile type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) complicated with diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA). Methods A total of 223 cases of juvenile T1DM was included in this study, among which 98 were complicated with DKA. Insulin was delivered through either continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion(CSII) by insulin pump or via multiple subcutaneous insulin injec⁃ tion (MSII). Recovery period of blood glucose, insulin doses that were adminstrated, the urinary ketone bodies clearance time, the recovering time from DKA and the frequency of hypoglycemia incidence were all compared between these two routes. Results Both CSII and MSII routes reversed blood glucose and DKA effectively. However the recovering time of blood glucose and DKA, insulin dosage，the urinary ketone bodies clearance time and the frequency of hypoglycemia inci⁃ dence all improved better or quicker in CSII than in MSII. Conclusion CSII by insulin pump is safer and more effective than MSII in the treatment of junvenile T1DM with metabolic disturbance and diabetic ketoacidosis． Related Articles | Metrics

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Increased expression of calreticulin promotes angiogenesis involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis ZHAO Haiyong, DING Hongmei, LIU Jianhua, XING Donghong, LIU Hongyi, WEI wei, ZHENG Fang 2015, 43 (8):  892-895.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.017 Abstract ( 601 )   PDF (604KB) ( 3775 )   Objective Calreticulin（CRT）is a multifunctional protein of endoplasmic reticulum implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis（RA）. The present study was undertaken to determine whether CRT was involved in an⁃ giogenesis events in RA. Methods Serum CRT levels were measured by enzyme-linked immnuosorbent assay（ELISA）in 106 patients with established RA, 75 osteoarthritis（OA）and 80 healthy controls（HC）. CRT levels in synovial fluid were al⁃ so measured in 25 RA and 22 OA patients. The expression of CRT in synovial tissue was examined by immunohistology. In order to investigate the role of CRT on angiogenesis, human umbilical vein endothelial cells（HUVECs）were isolated and cultured for in vitro experiments. The proliferation, migration and tube formation of HUVECs following CRT stimulation were examined in vitro by MTT assay, scratch wound healing assay and tube formation assay. Results Our results showed a sig⁃ nificantly higher concentration of CRT in serum [(6.4±3.1) μg/L] of RA patients compared to that of OA [(3.7±0.9) μg/L, P < 0.01] and HC [(3.4±1.0) μg/L, P < 0.01]; and significantly higher CRT in synovial fluid [(6.9±3.4) μg/L] of RA vs OA [(3.9± 0.7) μg/L, P < 0.01]. Increased CRT expression predominantly localized to vascular endothelial cells, inflammatory cells and perivascular areas in both the lining and sublining layers of RA synovial tissue. Furthermore, CRT significantly promoted the proliferation, migration and tube formation of HUVECs, as showed by MTT assay, scratch wound healing assay and tube for⁃ mation assay. Conclusion These findings suggested that CRT may be involved in synovitis and pannus formation events via promoting angiogenesis in RA. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of clinical-pathological features and Ki-67 expression profile between triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and non-triple-negative cancer ZHANG Ying, REN Zhanping, ZHANG Yuan 2015, 43 (8):  896-898.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.018 Abstract ( 1216 )   PDF (362KB) ( 4569 )   Objective To compare clinical-pathological features and Ki-67 expression profile between TNBC and Non-triple-negative cancer (NTNBC). Methods The expressions of ER, PR and HER2 were examined by immunohisto⁃ chemical Envision double staining in 226 cases of breast cancer. All cases were divided into triple-negative and non-triplenegative group according to expressions of these three episodes. And Ki-67 expressions in two groups were assessed by im⁃ munohistochemical method. The difference of Ki-67 positive index between these two groups and the difference of Ki-67 positive index between different clinical-pathological features were both analyzed by comparative analysis. Results In pa⁃ tients with TNBC, tumor size, lymph node metastasis rate and Ki-67 index were all significantly higher than that in NTNBC. No significant difference in age and histological grade were detected between these two groups. The expression of Ki-67 was not significant correlated with age, tumor size，lymph node status and histological grade in these two groups. Conclusion Patients with triple-negative breast cancer were with larger tumor size, higher proliferation, more lymph node metastasis and poorer prognosis. Related Articles | Metrics

Applied Essay

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Correlation of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protien levels with left atrial thrombus and severe spontaneous echocontrast in atrial fibrillation patients ZHENG Jinguo, HE Yonghui, DENG Xintao, SHI Guiliang, PAN Min 2015, 43 (8):  899-901.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.019 Abstract ( 684 )   PDF (298KB) ( 4139 )   Objective To investigate the correlation of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protien (CRP) lev⁃ els with left atrial thrombus and severe spontaneous echocontrast (SEC) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods A case-control study of patients with atrial fibrillation (n=76) was carried out. All patients were divided into control group (n= 45) and study group (n=31) according to their conventional echocardiography performance. Serum IL-6 and CRP were exam⁃ ined in both groups. Results The levels of serum IL-6 in patients with thrombus and severe SEC were (324.13±42.86) ng/L and (332.29±53.17) ng/L, respectivly which is higher than that in patient without thrombus or without severe SEC (108.75± 25.43) ng/L and (93.59±27.82) ng/L respectively. In parallel, CRP levels in patients of thrombus and severe SEC were (66.97±17.65) mg/L and (71.81±20.19) mg/L respectively which is higher than that in patients without thrombus or without severe SEC (17.28±6.52) mg/L and (16.76±8.73) mg/L respectively. All differences were of statistically significant(P＜0.05). Conclusion Increase of serum IL-6 and CRP as well as high systemic inflammatory state correlate with left atrial thombus and severe SEC in patients with AF. Related Articles | Metrics

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The effects of therapeutic equipment that aim to improve cerebrovascular function combined with automatic standing bed on balance disorder following cerebellar infarction WANG Xiaoju, LI Xueping 2015, 43 (8):  902-904.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.020 Abstract ( 995 )   PDF (316KB) ( 4026 )   Objective To investigate the effects of therapeutic equipment that aimed to improve cerebrovascular func⁃ tion combined with electric standing bed on balance disorder following cerebellar infarction. Methods Fifty patients with balance disorder after cerebellar infarction were randomized into study and control groups. Agreed routine rehabilitation ther⁃ apy including automatic standing bed and medication were given to both groups. In addition, therapeutic equipment that aim to improve cerebrovascular function were delivered to patients in study group. The effects were assessed using Fugl-Meyer balance function scale and Barthel index (BI) before and after 4 weeks of treatment. Results Study group and control group did not present difference between FM-B grade and BI before treatment (P > 0.05). Both FM-B and BI were improved after treatment (P < 0.05), but it improved more in study group than in control group (P < 0.05). The total efficiency in treatment group is higher than that in control group (P < 0.05). In the process of treatment, no obvious adverse reactions was observed. Conclusion The therapeutic equitment that aim to improve cerebrovascular function combined with automatic standing bed can improve balance disorder and daily activity after cerebellar infarction. Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy via target puncture and 2-stage procedures in treatment of lumbar disc hernia TIAN Yonggang, WANG Tonghao, HAN Liqiang, JIANG Han, JIANG Yi, XIAO Lianping 2015, 43 (8):  905-908.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.021 Abstract ( 1180 )   PDF (443KB) ( 4214 )   Objective To evaluate the effect of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) using tar⁃ get puncture and 2-stage procedures in treating lumbar disc hernia. Methods Patients present in our clinic from January 2014 to June 2014 with lumbar disc hernia who were treated with PTED were collected (n=36). Lower back and leg pain were evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS) while clinic outcome were assessed by Oswestry disability index (ODI) and modified Macnab criteria. Results All surgeries were carried out successfully. On average, operation time was（125±31）min, blood loss was（8.5±2.9）mL in each operation. The average length in hospital stay was（7.6±3.5）day. Compared with the preoper⁃ ative VAS scores，the postoperative and last follow-up scores for lower back and leg pain decreased significantly (P＜0.01). The ODI of pre-operation and last follow-up were (18.90 ± 7.78)% and (73.30 ± 18.21)% respectively with statistic differ⁃ ence. As to the modified Macnab criteria，the "excellent and good" ratio was 94.4%. One case present hyperalgesia in L4 der⁃ matome which recovered through conservative treatment. No complications such as permanent nerve root injury，cerebrospi⁃ nal fluid leakage，or infection were found during or after operations. All patients are in stable conditions during follow-up pe⁃ riod without recurrence. Conclusion PTED using target puncture and 2-stage procedures is an effective method with mini⁃ mal trauma, less bleeding, quick recovery, high security, short hospitalization time. what′s more, it can remove protruded disc and broken nucleus from the intervertebral space. It ensure efficacy and avoid recurrence. Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation between ultrasonic feature of tibial nerve with Michigan neuropathy screening instrument scoring system in type 2 diabetic mellitus WANG Yanbin, HAN Yunxia, DANG Lei, LIU Xiaoling 2015, 43 (8):  909-911.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.022 Abstract ( 915 )   PDF (1519KB) ( 3849 )   Objective To examine the correlation between the ultrasonic feature of tibial nerve and the scores of Michi⁃ gan neuropathy screening instrument（MNSI）in type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) and to provide information for early diagno⁃ sis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy（DPN）. Methods Based on scores of MNSI, 95 cases of T2DM patients were divided into three different groups: group B（0-2.4 scores）, C（2.5-4.4 scores）and D（≥4.5 scores）. Ultrasound parameters of group A (n=30) were compared with group B (n=32), group C (n=31) and group D (n=32). These parameters includes nerves′s an⁃ teroposterior dimension, transverse diameter, cross-sectional area and fasciculus echo, the "screen cloth" structure, epineuri⁃ um and the demarcation with neighbourhood structures. Correlation of MNSI with ultrasound performance of tibia nerve was also tested. Results Compared with group A, transverse diameter in group B did not show a obvious change, but anteropos⁃ teror dimension, transverse diameter, cross-sectional area in group C, group D all increase.（P < 0.05）. Compared with group B，ultrasound alteration were more frequent in group C and group D（P < 0.05）, but there was no statistical difference on that between group C and group D（P > 0.05）. There was a positive correlation between the nerves′s anteroposterior di⁃ mension, transverse diameter, cross-sectional area with MNSI, rs were 0.656、0.657 and 0.681 respectively (P < 0.05 in all three cases). Conclusion Certain correlation was observed between MNSI and tibial never ultrasonic feature in T2DM pa⁃ tients; the higher MNSI scores , the greater chance of presence of abnormal sonographic features of tibial nerve. Related Articles | Metrics

Epidemiological Investigation

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Knowledge, attitudes and practices of preconception and prenatal care in Tianjin obstetrics and gynecology personnels WANG Jianmei, ZHANG Yujuan, HUO Yan, YANG Jing, XIE Guohua, YIN Wenjing 2015, 43 (8):  912-915.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.023 Abstract ( 784 )   PDF (344KB) ( 3883 )   Objective To better understand the knowledge, attitudes, practice (KAP) and relative demand of precon⁃ ception and prenatal care (PAPC) in medical staffs of obstetrics and gynecology department in Tianjin. Methods Using ran⁃ dom, stratified and clustered sampling approach, we selected 382 obstetrics and gynecology personnels in Tianjin. A self-ad⁃ ministered questionnaire on PAPC KAP was employed to survey their general characteristics, their awareness of PAPC knowledge, their attitudes to PAPC, their service capabilities of PAPC and their request of continuing education. Results The respondents were lacking of KAP in Calcium and Iron supplementation, alternative preconception examination and emerging prenatal examination but present good KAP in folic acid supplemen, necessary prenatal items and classic prenatal examination. Doctors′ average knowledge score was higher than nurses′. The scores in primary health care institutions was significantly higher than that in tertiary and secondary medical institutions. Young and junior medical respondents showed higher awareness than older and senior ones. Most (91.21%) respondents believe that PAPC is necessary. But 86.54% of re⁃ spondents are not confident enough to provide comprehensive PAPC services. There were 63.74%, 54.67%, 38.74% and 32.42% of the respondents who could provide special PAPC advisory of adverse pregnancy history, thyroid dysfunction, re⁃ productive infections and diabetes respectively. The most urgent training contents include PAPC knowledge in presence of complications or risk factors, advances in prenatal diagnosis, nutrition during pregnancy and consulting skills. Conclusion It′s necessary to intervent obstetrics and gynecology personnels to improve their cognitive level to PAPC, as well as to amelio⁃ rate relative attitudes and behavior so they can provide more scientific and comprehensive PAPC service. Related Articles | Metrics

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The influence and screening value of percentage of body fat and waist height ratio for hyperlipidemia in physical examination people CHEN Yongchun, CAO Xingguo, WEN Jing, LI Xueting, SUN Lin 2015, 43 (8):  916-919.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.024 Abstract ( 643 )   PDF (385KB) ( 3997 )   Objective To evaluate the relationship and screening value of percentage of body fat (BF%) and waist height ratio (WHtR) for hyperlipidemia in physical examination people. Methods A total of 2 668 objects taking physical examination in Henan Province People′s Hospital from September to December 2014 were included in this study. Values of height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, body composition and blood lipid level were detected. The receiver oper⁃ ating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the screening rate of WHtR and BF% on hyperlipidemia with sensitivi⁃ ty, specific and area under the curve (AUC). After stratified by age, waist circumference and BMI, multivariable logistic re⁃ gression analysis was used to investigate the association between hyperlipidemia risk, BF% and WHtR. Results The screening accuracy rate on hyperlipidemia was higher for BF%, AUC was 0.79 in both female and male people. Among wom⁃ en with BMI＜18.5 kg/m2 and 18.5~<24 kg/m2, the risk of hyperlipidemia was higher in superfatted group than that of normal group. There was no correlation between WHtR and hyperlipidemia. Among men older than 40 y or with abnormal waist cir⁃ cumference (≥85 cm), the risk of hyperlipidemia was higher in superfatted group than that of normal group, but not associat⁃ ed with WHtR. Conclusion The BF% is a better screening indicator for hyperlipidemia compared with that of WHtR and BMI. Women with BMI＜18.5 kg/m2 and 18.5~<24 kg/m2 and men older than 40 y or with waist circumference over 85 cm are suggested to do body composition tests to improve screening accuracy for hyperlipidemia. Related Articles | Metrics

Evidience-Based Medicine

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Efficacy of α1-blockers on expulsion urinary calculi post extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: a Meta-analysis JI Quansong, ZHANG Chundong, WANG Ping 2015, 43 (8):  920-924.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.025 Abstract ( 566 )   PDF (502KB) ( 3794 )   Objective To review the efficacy of α1-blocker in the treatment of urinary calculi post extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Methods Key words include Urinary calculi, Alpha-blocker, Randomized clinical trail, Ex⁃ tracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy, et al were searched against databases include Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library data⁃ bases and CNKI. All studies that reported effect of α-blockers post ESWL were eligible for the analysis. Data was extracted through quality assessment and data filtering, then were analysed using RevMan 5.0. Results Fourteen randomized clinical trails with a total of 1 464 patients met the inclusion criteria. Pooled analysis showed a better stone clearance and shorter in⁃ terval between stone fragment discharges (RR=1.21, 95%CI:1.10-1.33, P < 0.05) and (SMD= -1.23, 95%CI:-2.09 - -0.36, P < 0.05) respectively after α1-blocker administration. However, evidence is still not convincible that it can reduced the fre⁃ quency of colic episodes (RR= 0.54，95%CI:0.28-1.02, P=0.06). Conclusion α1-blockers facilitates the expulsion of uri⁃ nary calculi shown by a higher expulsion rate, a shorter expulsion interval during treatment. Adjunctive therapy with α1- blockers after ESWL is effective in the treatment of urinary calculi. Related Articles | Metrics

Diagnostic Techniques

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Correlation of histopathologic grading of hepatocellular carcinoma with its contrast-enhanced ultrasound LIU Jianyong, ZHOU Yonghe, LI Jia, LIU Yonggang, LU Wei 2015, 43 (8):  925-928.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.026 Abstract ( 811 )   PDF (581KB) ( 4033 )   Objective To explore the correlation between the enhancement pattern of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and its tumor differentiation on histopathology. Methods HCC lesions (n=259) from 224 patients were retrospectively evaluated with CEUS and histopathological examination. CEUS was performed with SonoVue. The characteristics of blood perfusion and parameters of the time-intensity curve (TIC) were analyzed by ACQ soft⁃ ware. Histopathological diagnoses were decided base on Edmonson grading system. Results Pathologic grading of HCC was not related to the arrival time（P＞0.05）；The washing-out time point and the enhancement time point and peak time point all appeared earlier in poorly differentiated HCC group, than those in moderately differentiated HCC group than those in well differentiated HCC group（P＜0.01）；The enhancement time point and the expurgation time point are shorter in poorly differ⁃ entiated HCC group than those in moderately differentiated HCC group than those in well differentiated HCC group. All dif⁃ ferences were with statistical significance. The mode of arterial perfusion in early stage was divided into 3 types: spider web type, radiative type and mixed type. The well differentiated HCC group mainly presented as radiative type (28/49, 47.14%）. But the most of poorly differentiated HCC group mainly present as spider web type（88/127, 69.29%）. The mix type was more common in moderately differentiated HCC group（49/83, 59.03%）. Conclusion CEUS show different features of TIC pa⁃ rameters and blood perfusion in different pathological stages of HCC lesions so it can serve as a method to assess the biologi⁃ cal behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of Ki67 and its clinic significance in HBV related hepatocellular carcinoma ZHANG Yan，LU Wei 2015, 43 (8):  929-931.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.027 Abstract ( 1822 )   PDF (921KB) ( 4248 )   Objective To investigate the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (Ki67) in hepatitis B virus (HBV) related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters of HBV related HCC. Methods HBV-related HCC patients (n=134) were divided according to Ki67 index (the percentage of Ki67-posi⁃ tive cells) into Ki67 index <10% group (negative group, n=30) and Ki67 index ≥10% group(positive group, n=104). The cor⁃ relation of Ki67 index with age, gender, glypican 3 (GPC3), histological grade, BCLC (Barcelona Clinic liver cancer) staging, portal involvement, AFP (AFP), liver function related child-pugh classification data were calculated in both groups. Ki67 in⁃ dex is set according to the interval score to assess the relationship between Ki67 score and BCLC classification. Results (1) SP staining showed, Ki67 present a trend of increase from normal liver tissue to well-differentiated to medium differentiat⁃ ed tissue to poorly differentiated tissues intensity. (2) In positive group, Ki67 index was correlated with BCLC staging, portal metastasis, histological grade, GPC3 and AFP (P < 0.05); By contrast, in negative group, Ki67 index was not correlated with any clinical parameter (P > 0.05). (3) Ki67 score increases with the progress of BCLC classification. Conclusion In Ki67 positive group, Ki67 index combined with GPC3, histological grade, BCLC staging, portal involvement, AFP and liver func⁃ tion child-pugh classification can assess the severity of the patients with HCC, which is expected to become an important in⁃ dicator for the HBV-related HCC early diagnosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Detection of chromosome abnormality by next-generation sequencing technology of miscarried embryo in the first-trimester LIU Li, XU Fengqin, DI Jianyong, LIU Qinghua, LI Yi 2015, 43 (8):  932-935.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.028 Abstract ( 979 )   PDF (364KB) ( 4618 )   Objective To investigate the clinical values of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology in diagnosis of miscarried chorionic villi genetic disorders. Methods Patients who underwent miscarriage (n=87) were enrolled in this study. Among all patients, 32 cases were of recurrent miscarrage and 55 cases were of sporadic miscarriage. In all collected patients, 35 women were 35 years or older while other 52 women were less than 35 years old. Positive detection rate and the abnormal detection rate were compared between these two methods. Chromosomes abnormal rates were also compared among different types of miscarrage and different ages. All aborted villi tissue were analyzed by NGS of whole genome and G-band⁃ ing karyotype. Results The successful detection rate of chorionic villi by NGS (100.00%) was higher than that of G-band⁃ ing karyotype (74.71%), and the detection rate of abnormal chorionic villi by NGS (58.62%) was also higher than that of Gbanding karyotype (50.77%). Three cases of chromosome structure anomaly were found in those 51 chromosome anomalies (5.88%). Other 48 cases of chromosome anomalies were aneuploidy anomalies (94.12%) include 39 cases of trisomy, 2 cases of double trisomy and 1 case of triple trisomy and 6 cases of monomer. On the other hand, 32 cases of chromosome aneuploi⁃ dy anomalies were found in 33 chromosome anomalies by G-banding karyotype, which include 24 cases of trisomy, 2 cases of double trisomy, 1 case of triple trisomy, 5 cases of monomer and 1 case of chromosome structure anomaly. Most NGS re⁃ sults (n=64) were in agreement with G-banding karyotype but with 1 case of discrepancy. Chromosomal abnormality rate de⁃ tected by NGS in sporadic miscarrage group and recurrent spontaneous miscarrage group were 60.00％and 56.25％respective⁃ ly. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05). Chromosomal abnormality rate picked by NGS in women aged ≥35 years old (71.43％) was higher than that in women <35 years old (50.00%) with statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). Conclu⁃ sion NGS technology showed highly accuracy in detecting chromosomal abnomality from villi tissue. Therefore, it could help to detect genetic disorders of miscarrage. It is useful to determine the reasons of miscarrage and guide the next pregnancy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Investigate the accuracy of real-time continuous glucose monitoring system in the type 2 diabetes subjects ZHANG Chunfeng, GE Huanqi, XIE Yun, ZHENG Hui 2015, 43 (8):  936-938.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.029 Abstract ( 813 )   PDF (269KB) ( 4161 )   Objective To investigate the accuracy of real-time continuous glucose monitoring（RT-CGM）system in the type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）. Methods A total of 318 subjects hospitalized between 2013 May to 2014 August were recruited. Each subject received a RT-CGM system. In order to calibrate the interstitial glucose level, finger-stick blood glucose were measured at least four times every day. Patients were divided into three groups according to their fingerstick blood glucose level: ≤6.99 mmol/L, 7.0-10.0 mmol/L and ≥10.01 mmol/L. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between the finger-stick glucose and interstitial glucose gained from RT-CGM. Clarke error grid analysis was used to analyze the accuracy of RT-CGM. Results （1）A total of 2, 815 glucose meter values from finger-stick were com⁃ paired with glucose from RT-CGM. A positive relationship（r=0.847）were found between CGM and finger-stick blood glu⁃ cose. The correlation was closer with higher finger-stick blood glucose levels（r=0.457, 0.648 and 0.852 respectively in ≤ 6.99 mmol/L group, 7.0-10.0 mmol/L group and ≥10.01 mmol/L group. P＜0.001）.（2）The Clarke error grid analysis re⁃ vealed that 76.69% of the readings from RT-CGM were clinical perfect (zone A), 20.28% were acceptable (zone B), 3.03% were unacceptable (zone C-E). Clinical perfect rate was lower when the finger-stick glucose ≤6.99 mmol/L , compared with that when it is between 7.0-10.0 or ≥10.01 mmol/L group（73.12% vs 78.63% & 79.28%，P＜0.05）, there was no significant difference between group of 7.0-10.0 mmol/L with group ≥10.01 mmol/L (P＞0.05). Conclusion RT-CGM provides accu⁃ rate blood glucose values to guide the treatment of diabetes, and the accuracy is more reliable in high glucose environment. Related Articles | Metrics

Review

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Correlation study of endothelial growth factor receptor transportation with tumor treatment CHEN Lu, TAN Chao 2015, 43 (8):  939-942.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.030 Abstract ( 662 )   PDF (334KB) ( 4218 )   Abnormal endothelial growth factor receptor transportion was involved in the development of tumor so more and more researches focus it as a target of anti-tumor therapy. Based on the known mechanism in EGFR mis-localization this review summarized the latest research progress in the abnormality in signal of EGFR transportation and its role in tumori⁃ genesis, anti-tumor drug and therapy that target to EGFR. It is aim to provide reference for the development of anti-tumor treatments which target EGFR and for the mechanism in resistance of anti-tumor. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current research on metabonomics detection in clinical diagnosis LI Yandong, WU Qi 2015, 43 (8):  942-945.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.031 Abstract ( 935 )   PDF (302KB) ( 4180 )   Metabonomics is an important part of systems biology. Many research shows that metabonomics has an poten⁃ tial incomparable advantages in clinical diagnosis. When human body was stimulated by exogenous or endogenous factor, it could respond throughalteration of low molecular weight metabolites. Therefore, researches of the dynamic changes of com⁃ plex metabolites could explore the pathological or physiological changes in the body. With advance of modern technologies nuclear magnetic resonance and chromatography couple to mass spectrometer are widely applied to the metabonomics. Now, comprehensive analysis the dynamic changes of patients in vivo then setting up relationship between biomarkers and related diseases become possible through the application of Metabolomics in clinical. Finally, we discuss the realization of disease diagnosis by metabolome analysis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Role of organoid in prostate cancer research DAI Liang，ZHANG Zhidong，TIAN Yao，JIANG Ning，NIU Yuanjie 2015, 43 (8):  946-950.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.032 Abstract ( 1185 )   PDF (335KB) ( 7563 )   As a new model of pre-cancer, organoid is essential for the basic understanding of tumor characteristic and effective tumor treatment. Organoids derived from prostate play an especially important role in the research of fundamental oncology and anticancer drug screen against prostate cancer. Prostate cancer cell lines and xenografts derived directly from primary human tumors are widely used now as models to study prostate cancer and have proven very valuable. But there are some caveats and shortcomes of these two models that have to be accounted for. Here we outline organoid as a third preclini⁃ cal cancer model which may potentially overcome the shortcomes of cancer cell lines and PDTX. This article aims to summa⁃ rizee recent progress of the role of organoid in prostate cancer research. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of gene chip in nephritic syndrome research ZHANG Bili，YU Xiaoteng 2015, 43 (8):  950-953.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.033 Abstract ( 700 )   PDF (314KB) ( 3909 )   Nephrotic syndrome is a common kidney disease in childhood. Its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidat⁃ ed. In recent years, gene chip is maturing and widely used in many fields. Its application in nephrotic syndrome could pro⁃ vide important information of its pathogenesis and treatment target at gene level. This article reveiwed the current application of the gene chip technology and its prospects in the nephrotic syndrome. Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation of hyperintensity T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and prognosis of cervical spondylotic myelopathy GUAN Binggang，DENG Shucai,HAN Yan 2015, 43 (8):  954-957.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.034 Abstract ( 2521 )   PDF (298KB) ( 4475 )   Intramedullary signal intensity (ISI) changes in morphology and extent of T2-weighted (T2W) in preopera⁃ tive cervical magnetic resonance (MR) images was thought to be indicative to the prognosis of cervical spondylotic myelopa⁃ thy (CSM) in recent years. However, the significance of ISI changes in predicting CSM prognosis remains controversial. Lack of satisfied evaluating approch of ISI on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the main drawback. Identification of the type of T2WI ISI on preoperative MR imaging could give important information in predicting surgical outcome of patients with CSM. Currently, consensus is reached that preoperative multi-segmental T2WI ISI or sharp T2WI ISI indicate a worse prognosis for patients with CSM compared with regression of T2WI ISI. The literatures that link magnetic resonance imaging signal changes with prognosis of surgery to correct cervical spondylotic myelopathy are reviewed. The correlation of pathological changes and radiological performance of intramedullary signal intensity with prognosis of CSM are summarized to understand the significance of T2WI ISI on prognosis of surgical outcome. Related Articles | Metrics

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Current research on early brain injury in subarachnoid hemorrhage WANG Yi, ZHANG Jianning 2015, 43 (8):  957-960.  doi: 10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.08.035 Abstract ( 923 )   PDF (317KB) ( 3822 )   Early brain injury (EBI) in spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) plays an important role in prognosis and it become a key target period for clinical treatment and basic research. There were many pathophysiological change in the first few minutes after intracranial aneurysm ruptured. These include increased intracranial pressure (ICP) followed by in⁃ tracranial circulation disorders, calcium overload and sodium, magnesium level fluctuation, ion steady-state disorders in mi⁃ croenviroment of brain cells, serious brain edema due to blood brain barrier (BBB) damage, and changes in other molecules levels, all of which will aggravate SAH. EBI in SAH is one of the important factor that leads to poor prognosis. With the ad⁃ vancement of understanding its pathogenesis, new approach would be available to treat SAH in clinic. Related Articles | Metrics