Tianjin Medical Journal

Influences of lncRNA SNHG11 on proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells by regulating miR-184/CARM1 signaling axis

LI Shaoru, LI Yan, LIU Shan, HU Ruili

2023, 51 (6): 561-567. doi: 10.11958/20221256

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Objective To investigate the effect of long chain non coding RNA nucleolar small RNA host gene 11 (lncRNA SNHG11) targeting miR-184/CARM1 signal axis on ovarian cancer cells and its mechanism. Methods Expression levels of lncRNA SNHG11 and miR-184 in ovarian cancer tissue and cells were detected by real time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qPCR), and SKOV3 cells were selected for the experiment. SKOV3 cells were divided into the si-NC group (transfected with si-NC), the si-SNHG11 group (transfected with si-SNHG11), the si-SNHG11+anti-NC group (transfected with si-SNHG11+anti-NC), the si-SNHG11+anti-miR-184 group (transfected with si-SNHG11+anti-miR-184), the miR-NC group (transfected with miR-NC), the miR-184 mimics group (transfected with miR-184 mimics), the miR-184 mimics+pcDNA group (transfected with miR-184 mimics+pcDNA) and the miR-184 mimics+CARM1 group (transfected with miR-184 mimics+pcDNA-CARM1). The cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion and the expression levels of CARM1, E-cadherin, N-cadherin protein in each group were detected respectively. The tumorigenicity of each group of cells in vivo was detected by nude mouse tumorigenesis experiment. The targeting relationship between miR-184 and lncRNA SNHG11, CARM1 was detected by double luciferase reporter gene experiment. Results The expression level of lncRNA SNHG11 was increased in ovarian cancer tissue and cells, and the expression level of miR-184 was decreased in ovarian cancer cells (P<0.05). Compared with the si-NC group, the proliferation, migration and invasion ability of SKOV3 cells were decreased in the si-SNHG11 group, and the tumor weight and volume were decreased, the expression of N-cadherin was decreased, and the apoptosis rate and the expression of E-cadherin protein were increased (P<0.05). Compared with the si-SNHG11+anti-NC group, the proliferation, migration and invasion ability of SKOV3 cells were increased in the si-SNHG11+anti-miR-184 group, the tumor weight and volume were increased, and the expression of N-cadherin protein was increased, and the apoptosis rate and E-cadherin protein expression were decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the miR-NC group, the proliferation, migration and invasion ability of SKOV3 cells were decreased in the miR-184 mimics group, the tumor weight and volume were decreased, the expression of N-cadherin protein was decreased, while the apoptosis rate and expression level of E-cadherin protein were increased (P<0.05). Compared with the miR-184 mimics+pcDNA group, the proliferation, migration and invasion ability of SKOV3 cells were increased in the miR-184mimics+CARM1 group. The tumor weight and volume were increased, and the expression of N-cadherin protein was increased, while the apoptosis rate and E-cadherin protein expression were decreased (P<0.05). LncRNA SNHG11 targetly regulated miR-184/CARM1 axis. Conclusion LncRNA SNHG11 promotes the growth of ovarian cancer by regulating miR-184/CARM1 signal axis.

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Influence of resveratrol on H₂O₂-induced ferroptosis in alveolar epithelial cells by regulating the Nrf2-GPX4 pathway

LI Yanping, WANG Xietao, SHI Libin, LIU Qiong

2023, 51 (6): 568-572. doi: 10.11958/20221584

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Objective To explore the influence of resveratrol (RES) on H₂O₂-induced ferroptosis in A549 cells by regulating nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) pathway. Methods Human alveolar epithelial cells A549 were randomly grouped into the control group, the H₂O₂ group, the RES low (RES-L, 50 μmol/L), the RES medium (RES-M, 100 μmol/L) and the RES high (RES-H, 150 μmol/L) concentration groups, the ML385 (Nrf2 inhibitor, 2 μmol/L ML385) group and the RES-H+ML385 (150 μmol/L RES+2 μmol/L ML385) group. Except for the control group, the other groups were treated with H₂O₂, and then intervened with corresponding doses of drugs and inhibitors. After the intervention, MTT method was performed to determine the viability of A549 cells in each group. The kit was applied to measure intracellular iron content. ELISA method was performed to measure levels of oxidative stress in A549 cells, including malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH). Transmission electron microscopy was applied to observe mitochondrial structure. Western blot assay was performed to measure the protein expression levels of Nrf2, GPX4 and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) in A549 cells. Results Compared with the control group, mitochondrial morphology was seriously damaged in the H₂O₂ group, and cell viability, SOD and GSH contents, and the Nrf2, GPX4 and HO-1 protein expression were significantly decreased, and the iron ion and MDA content were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with the H₂O₂ group, with the increase of the RES concentration, the mitochondrial morphological damage of A549 cells was improved, the cell viability, SOD and GSH contents, and the Nrf2, GPX4 and HO-1 protein expression gradually increased, while the iron ion and MDA content gradually decreased (P<0.05). However, the mitochondrial damage of A549 cells was aggravated in the ML385 group, and cell viability, SOD and GSH contents, and the Nrf2, GPX4 and HO-1 protein expression were significantly decreased, and iron ion and MDA content were significantly increased (P<0.05). ML385 was able to reverse the protective effect of RES on H₂O₂-induced A549 cells. Conclusion RES can reduce the level of oxidative stress in A549 cells induced by H₂O₂ and inhibit ferroptosis, which may be related to the activation of Nrf2-GPX4 signaling pathway.

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Effects of CircCDR1as on the biological behavior of NSCLC cells by regulating the miR-671-5p/CBX4 axis

DU Wenfeng, ZHOU Ling, LI Qi

2023, 51 (6): 573-579. doi: 10.11958/20221405

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Objective To investigate effects of CircRNA antisense cerebellar degeneration-related protein 1 transcript (CircCDR1as) on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells by regulating miR-671-5p/chromobox 4 (CBX4) axis. Methods Human NSCLC cell lines (NCI-H524, NCI-H1734, Calu-3 and A549) and human bronchial epithelioid cells (HBE) were cultured in vitro. A549 cells were randomly separated into the control group, the si-NC group, the si-CircCDR1as group, the si-CircCDR1as+anti-miR-NC group, the si-CircCDR1as+anti-miR-671-5p group, the pcDNA group, the CircCDR1as group, the miR-NC group, the miR-671-5p group, the miR-671-5p+pcDNA group, the miR-671-5p+CBX4 group, the anti-miR-NC group and the anti-miR-671-5p group. The expression levels of CircCDR1as, miR-671-5p and CBX4 mRNA were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The protein expression of CBX4 was detected by Western blot assay. The cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion were detected by tetramethylazolium salt (MTT), clonogenic assay, flow cytometry and Transwell, respectively. The targeting relationship between miR-671-5p and CircCDR1as or CBX4 was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Results Compared with HBE cells, expression levels of CircCDR1as and CBX4 were increased and the expression of miR-671-5p was decreased in the four NSCLC cell groups (P<0.05). Compared with the si-NC group, the viability and the number of colonies of A549 cells were obviously decreased in the si-CircCDR1as group, the numbers of cell migration and invasion were decreased, and the apoptosis rate was increased (P<0.05). The down regulation of miR-671-5p, a target of CircCDR1as, attenuated the regulatory effect of CircCDR1as silencing on NSCLC progression (P<0.05). miR-671-5p targeting CBX4 inhibited the malignant progression of NSCLC in vitro (P<0.05). The down regulation of CircCDR1as could reduce the expression of CBX4 by up-regulating the level of miR-671-5p (P<0.05). Conclusion CircCDR1as silencing can inhibit cell proliferation, migration and invasion and induce cell apoptosis by up-regulating miR-671-5p and down-regulating CBX4.

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Effect of NLRP3-CAMKⅡ-IRE-1α pathway induced oxidative stress on ventricular remodeling in diabetic rats

ZHOU Mengzhu, ZHANG Haifeng, ZHANG Xue, ZHANG Yue, CHENG Lijun, LIU Tong, LIU Changle

2023, 51 (6): 580-585. doi: 10.11958/20230012

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Objective To explore the role and mechanism of nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in promoting oxidative stress enhancement through triggering calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ (CaMKⅡ) to activate inositol demand kinase-1α (IRE-1α) in ventricular remodeling of diabetic rats. Methods Thirty-six healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the control group (CTL group), the diabetic group (DM group) and the diabetic + glibenclamide group (GLB group), with 12 rats in each group. Rats were injected 55 mg/kg streptozotocin intraperitoneally to prepare diabetic model. The GLB group was given 1.25 mg/kg GLB, an NLRP3 inhibitor, by gavage for 8 weeks since the successful modeling day. The CTL group received no intervention. After 8 weeks, blood glucose, blood pressure, body mass and ventricular body mass ratio of rats were recorded, and hemodynamic indexes were also measured. Pulmonary artery blood flow acceleration time, mean pulmonary artery pressure, systolic and diastolic ventricular septum, anterior and posterior ventricular wall thickness were evaluated by echocardiography. Epicardial activation mapping was used to measure epicardial conduction velocity, absolute heterogeneity and heterogeneity index. Western blot assay was used to detect NLRP3, caspase-1, CaMK Ⅱ, IRE-1α, niacinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NOX) 2 and NOX4 protein levels. The content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined by fluorescence staining. The morphology and fibrosis of ventricular tissue were observed by HE and Masson staining. Results Compared with the CTL group, blood glucose, ventricular body mass ratio, systolic and diastolic septal thickness, left ventricular anterior wall thickness increased, body mass decreased, left and right ventricular epicardial conduction velocity slowed down, and right ventricular inhomogeneity index increased in the DM group. NLRP3, caspase-1, CaMK Ⅱ, IRE-1α, NOX2 and NOX4 protein expression levels were increased, and ROS production in ventricular muscle and CVF were increased (P<0.05). Myocardial cell arrangement was disordered, and fibrosis was more obvious in the DM group. Compared with the DM group, the thickness of ventricular septum and anterior wall of left ventricle in systolic and diastolic periods were reduced in the GLB group. Compared with the DM group, epicardial conduction velocity of left and right ventricles was increased, and absolute inhomogeneity and inhomogeneity index of left ventricle were decreased in the GLB group. The protein expression levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, CaMKⅡ, IRE-1α, NOX2 and NOX4 were lower than those of the DM group. GLB reduced the production of ROS and CVF, and the ventricular myocardial fibrosis was ameliorated (P<0.05). Conclusion The NLRP3-CAMK Ⅱ-IRE-1α pathway is activated in diabetic rat ventricular myocytes to promote oxidative stress and participates in ventricular remodeling, and GLB can improve this change.

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Effect of intra-striatal injection of α-Synuclein PFF on pathological changes of olfactory bulb in macaca fascicularis

DING Yuxiao, SU Jingxi, SONG Qiong, WANG Lihui, WU Ribao, KUANG Xinyu, SU Ying, ZOU Chunlin

2023, 51 (6): 586-589. doi: 10.11958/20221892

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Objective To investigate whether pathological α-Synuclein (α-Syn) can be generated after striatal injection of α-Syn preformed fibrils (PFF), and then spread from striatum to olfactory bulb, thereby causing neuronal damage in olfactory bulb. Methods Three healthy female macaca fascicularis injected with α-Syn PFF into the bilateral striatum were used as the experimental group. 300 μg α-Syn PFF (7 g/L) was injected into each side of the striatal putaminal nucleus with 60 μg in head, 60 μg in body and 30 μg in tail. The other two healthy female macaca fascicularis were injected with PBS as the control group. Two years after the injection, macaca fascicularis were killed. Pathological changes were detected by Nissl staining, and immunohistochemistry was performed to examine the expression levels of phosphorylated α-Synuclein (pS129), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and doublecortin (DCX) in olfactory bulb. Results Compared to the control group, pS129 positive aggregates were found in olfactory bulb of the experimental group. Besides, the number of TH-positive and DCX-positive neurons were significantly decreased in the experimental group [TH:(27.00±11.22) vs. (65.80±36.54); DCX: (67.60±17.23) vs. (88.30±19.89)]. Conclusion Pathological α-Syn can spread from striatum to olfactory bulb and induce the loss of dopaminergic neurons, inhibiting the generation of newborn neurons in olfactory bulb of macaca fascicularis.

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Effects of tetramethylpyrazine on expression levels of TNF-α, IL-17 and VEGF in skin lesions of psoriatic mice

ZHU Yuting, YAN Wen, YING Lisheng, WANG Jinjing

2023, 51 (6): 590-595. doi: 10.11958/20221433

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Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) on expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-17 (IL-17) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in skin lesions of psoriatic mice and its possible mechanism. Methods Thirty BALB/c mice, half male and half female, were randomly divided into the normal group, the model group and the low, medium and high TMP groups after shaving hair in back area of about 2 cm×4 cm, with 6 mice in each group. Mice in the normal group was smeared with vaseline 62.5 mg/d. Mice in the model group and the TMP group were smeared with imiquimod cream 62.5 mg/d for continuous 7 days. From the 4th day, the low, medium and high TMP groups were respectively injected with ligustrazine hydrochloride 20 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, and the normal group and the model group were injected with the same amount of normal saline once a day for 9 consecutive days. Changes of skin lesions were observed in each group. After the intervention, back skin lesions of mice were taken. The expression levels of TNF-α, IL-17 and VEGF mRNA in skin lesions were detected by qRT-PCR. The pathological changes of skin lesions and TNF-α, IL-17 and VEGF protein expression levels in skin lesions of each group were detected by HE staining and immunohistochemical staining. Results Mice in the model group showed typical psoriasis-like pathological changes, while the psoriasis-like pathological changes of skin lesions of the TMP group were successively lighter than those of the model group. Compared with the normal group, the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-17 and VEGF mRNA were significantly higher in the model group (all P<0.05). Compared with the model group and the low TMP group, the expression levels of TNF-α mRNA decreased significantly in the medium TMP group and the high TMP group (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, expression levels of IL-17 mRNA were decreased gradually in the three TMP groups (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the low TMP group and the medium TMP group, the expression level of VEGF mRNA was decreased significantly in the high TMP group (P<0.05). Immunohistochemical results showed that TNF-α, IL-17 and VEGF were mainly expressed in cytoplasm of epidermal cells, and expression levels of above proteins were significantly higher in the model group than those of the normal group (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, expression levels of IL-17 and VEGF were significantly decreased in the low, medium and high TMP groups, and TNF-α was significantly decreased in the medium and high TMP groups (P<0.05). Compared with the low TMP group, expression levels of TNF-α, IL-17 and VEGF were significantly decreased in the high TMP group and IL-17 was also significantly decreased in the medium TMP group (P<0.05). Compared with the medium TMP group, the expression level of VEGF decreased significantly in the high TMP group (P<0.05). Conclusion Tetramethylpyrazine can improve the inflammatory manifestations of psoriasis-like skin lesions in model mice by reducing expression levels of TNF-α, IL-17 and VEGF in psoriasis-like skin lesions of mice.

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Effects of Taohe Chengqi Decoction on PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in ovary tissue of rats with polycystic ovary syndrome

WANG Yi, WANG Haijiao, QI Lin, CUI Yujiao, CHEN Xiao, WANG Yan, HE Hongmei

2023, 51 (6): 596-600. doi: 10.11958/20221420

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Objective To explore the effect of Taohe Chengqi Decoction on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/serine/threonine protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in ovarian tissue of a rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods Ninety-six female SD rats were randomly divided into the control group, the PCOS group, the metformin group, the Taohe Chengqi Decoction low, medium and high dose groups, with 16 rats in each group. Except for the control group, the PCOS model was constructed by subcutaneous injection of dehydroepiandrosterone in the other groups. After successful model building, the metformin group was given 0.1 g/kg metformin by gavage, and the Taohe Chengqi Decoction low, medium and high dose groups were given 1.89 g/kg, 3.78 g/kg and 7.56 g/kg Taohe Chengqi Decoction by gavage, respectively. The control group and the PCOS group were given the same amount of normal saline by gavage, 1 time/d for 28 days. The fasting blood glucose (FPG) level was measured by blood glucose meter. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E₂), testosterone (T) and fasting insulin (FINS). Insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Hematoxylin eosin staining was used to observe the histopathology of rat ovary. The mRNA and protein expression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in rat ovarian tissue were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot assay. Results Compared with the control group, the volume of follicles increased, contained follicular fluid, and the cell space increased, corpus luteum decreased, and the cell layer of theca proliferated, serum FSH, E₂, mRNA and protein expression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in ovarian tissue were decreased, and levels of LH, T, FPG, FINS and HOMA-IR were increased in the PCOS group (P<0.05). In the metformin group and the Taohe Chengqi Decoction low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups, the volume of follicles decreased, the number of corpus luteum increased, and the proliferation of alveolar cell layer decreased. Serum levels of FSH, E₂, mRNA and protein expression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in ovarian tissue were increased, and levels of LH, T, FPG, FINS and HOMA-IR were decreased (P<0.05). Changes of above indexes were dose-dependent in the low, medium and high dose groups of Taohe Chengqi Decoction. There were significant differences in changes of above indexes between the Taohe Chengqi Decoction low, medium-dose groups and the metformin group. There was no significant difference between the high-dose of Taohe Chengqi Decoction group and the metformin group. Conclusion Taohe Chengqi Decoction can restore normal levels of sex hormones and inhibit insulin resistance in PCOS model rats, which may be related to its promotion of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway activation.

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Mechanism of action of EV-YF1 based on artificially synthesized Y RNA fragments from extracellular vesicles of cardiosphere-derived cells on improving myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice

LIU Dezhao, LUO Xiaozhi, HUANG Feng

2023, 51 (6): 601-606. doi: 10.11958/20222017

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Objective To investigate the mechanism of extracellular vesicular Y RNA fragment (EV-YF1) in ameliorating myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI). Methods Eighteen C57 BL/6J mice were divided into the Sham group, the MIRI group and the EV-YF1 group according to random number table method, with six mice in each group. Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion model was established in the MIRI group and the EV-YF1 group. Ten minutes after reperfusion, the aorta was clipped in the EV-YF1 group, and 5 μg EV-YF1 was injected into the left ventricle. DharmaFECT4 without EV-YF1 was injected into the left ventricle of the MIRI group. Evans Blue/triphenyltetrazole chloride (TTC) double staining was used to detect myocardial infarction size 24 h after modeling. Myocardial histopathology was observed by HE staining. Interleukin (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in peripheral blood were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in myocardial tissue were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. The expression levels of B-lymphoblastoma -2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 related X protein (Bax) and Caspase-3 protein in myocardial tissue were detected by Western blot assay. Myocardial cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining. Results Compared with the Sham group, the MIRI group showed obvious infarct areas, significant myocardial tissue damage, significant upregulation of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels in peripheral blood. IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA expression in myocardial tissue were elevated. Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 protein expression were increased (P < 0.05), and the number of TUNEL nuclear staining positive cells was significantly increased. Compared with the MIRI group, the ratio of infarct area was reduced after MIRI in the EV-YF1 group, myocardial injury was alleviated, serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly decreased, and mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in myocardial tissue were decreased. Bcl-2 protein expression level was increased, while Bax and Caspase-3 protein expression levels were decreased (P<0.05). The number of TUNEL nuclear staining positive cells was decreased. Conclusion EV-YF1 can ameliorate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice by reducing inflammation and inhibiting myocardial apoptosis.

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Effect of asperuloside on pyroptosis of lung tissue in septic rats by regulating NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway

SUN Liyan, LIU Zeru, SU Yongsheng, AI Hongliang

2023, 51 (6): 607-612. doi: 10.11958/20221430

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Objective To investigate the influence of asperuloside on pyroptosis of lung tissue in septic rats by regulating NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)/cysteine-containing aspartate-specific proteases 3 (Caspase-1)/gasdermin D (GSDMD) signaling pathway. Methods Fifty SD rats were injected intraperitoneally with 5 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to establish the septic lung injury model. Rats were randomly grouped into the model (M) group, the low-dose asperuloside (AL) group (17.5 mg/kg), the medium-dose asperuloside (AM) group (35 mg/kg), the asperuloside high-dose (AH) group (70 mg/kg) and the high-dose asperuloside (70 mg/kg) + nigericin (NLRP3 activator, 1 mg/kg) group (AH+N group), 10 rats in each group. Another 10 SD rats were intraperitoneally injected with the same dose of normal saline and used as the control (C) group. After rats in each group were intervened with terpenoside and nigericin, pulmonary function indexes {minute ventilation (MV), inspiratory resistance (Ri)} and arterial oxygen partial pressure [p(O₂)] were detected in each group. HE staining was applied to detect the pathological morphology of lung tissue of rats in each group. Wright-Giemsa staining was applied to classify and count numbers of neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of rats in each group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect serum levels of inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and IL-1β in each group of rats. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the pyroptosis of lung tissue in each group. Expression levels of NLRP3 and GSDMD in lung tissue were compared. Western blot assay was used to detect expression levels of NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway-related proteins in lung tissue of rats in each group. Results Compared with the C group, MV and p(O₂) were obviously decreased in the M group, and Ri, counts of neutrophils and macrophages, lymphocyte in BALF, serum levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, relative fluorescence intensity of NLRP3 and GSDMD in lung tissue, and protein expressions of NLRP3, Caspase-1 and GSDMD were obviously increased (P<0.05). Compared with the M group, MV and p(O₂) were increased in the AL group, the AM group and the AH group. Ri, counts of neutrophils and macrophages, lymphocyte in BALF, serum levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, relative fluorescence intensity of NLRP3 and GSDMD in lung tissue, and protein expressions of NLRP3, Caspase-1 and GSDMD were all decreased in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Compared with the AH group, MV and p(O₂) decreased in the AH+N group, Ri, counts of neutrophils and macrophages, lymphocyte in BALF, serum levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, relative fluorescence intensity of NLRP3 and GSDMD in lung tissue, and protein expressions of NLRP3, Caspase-1 and GSDMD increased (P<0.05). Conclusion Asperuloside can inhibit lung tissue inflammation in sepsis rats by down-regulating NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway, attenuate lung tissue inflammatory damage and lung tissue pyroptosis, and restore lung function.

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The protective effect of urolithin A on severe acute pancreatitis through TLR4 / NF-κB signaling pathway

ZENG Jiayue, MA Xinyue, MA Fengyu, CHEN Xia

2023, 51 (6): 613-617. doi: 10.11958/20221590

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Objective To investigate the effect and its protective mechanism of urolithin A (UroA) on pancreatic injury in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods Thirty-six healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into the sham group, the SAP group and the UroA group, with 12 rats in each group. The SAP model was established by retrograde perfusion of 5% sodium taurocholate into biliopancreatic duct. The UroA group was given intervention 10 mg/kg by UroA once 6 h for 4 times immediately after operation. Twenty-four hours after modeling, the ascites volume was counted. Meanwhile, the serum lipase (LPS) level was detected. The serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the pathological injury of pancreatic tissue was detected by HE staining. The expression levels of IL-6, TNF-α, TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB mRNA in pancreatic tissue were analyzed by RT-qPCR. The protein expressions of TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB p65 in pancreatic tissue were detected by Western blot assay. Results Compared with the sham group, the serum levels of LPS, IL-6 and TNF-α increased in the SAP group (P<0.05), ascites volume and pancreatic pathological score increased (P<0.05) and the mRNA levels of IL-6, TNF-α, TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB and the protein expression of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB p65 in pancreatic tissue were also up-regulated (P<0.05). Compared with the SAP group, the pancreatic pathological injury significantly improved in the UroA group. The serum levels of LPS, IL-6 and TNF-α were significant decreased. In addition, TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB protein and mRNA levels were decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion UroA can alleviate the pathological injury of pancreas in rats with SAP, and its mechanism may be related to inhibiting the activation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, and thereby inhibiting inflammatory response.

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Malt extract regulating the NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β pathway to inhibit the proliferation and prolactin secretion of anterior pituitary cells in hyperprolactinemia rats

WANG Aihua, ZHANG Xiaohua, ZHANG Feizhong, WANG Xiong, ZHAO Yong

2023, 51 (6): 618-623. doi: 10.11958/20221738

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Objective To investigate effects of malt extract (ME) on the proliferation and secretion of prolactin (PRL) in anterior pituitary cells of hyperprolactinemia (HPRL) rats by regulating the Nod-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)/ cysteine aspartic specific protease-1 (Caspase-1)/ interleukin-1β (IL-1β) pathway. Methods The anterior pituitary cells of normal and HPRL rats were separated and named as the NC group and the model group. The expression levels of growth hormone and PRL in cells were identified by immunohistochemistry. Cells in the model group were treated with 0 mg/L ME, 25 mg/L ME, 50 mg/L ME, 100 mg/L ME, 5 mmol/L Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), 100 mg/L ME and 5 mmol/L ATP for 48 h, and named as the Blank group, the ME low dose group (ME-L group), the ME medium dose group (ME-M group), the ME high dose group (ME-H group), the ATP (NLRP3 activator) group and ME-H+ATP group. The morphology of cells in each group was observed by light microscope. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 method. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The level of PRL in the supernatant of rat anterior pituitary cells was detected by ELISA. Western blot assay was applied to detect expression levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2), dopamine transporter (DAT), NLRP3, Caspase-1 and IL-1β in rat anterior pituitary cells. Results Rat anterior pituitary cells were isolated successfully. Compared with the NC group, the volume of anterior pituitary cells was smaller and the shape was irregular, the OD₄₅₀ value, prolactin level, DAT, PCNA, NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-1β protein expression increased, and the apoptosis rate and DRD2 protein expression decreased in the blank group (P<0.05). Compared with the blank group, the morphology of anterior pituitary cells was improved in the ME-L group, the ME-M group and the ME-H group. The OD₄₅₀ value, prolactin level, DAT, PCNA, NLRP3, Caspase-1 and IL-1β protein expression levels decreased, and the apoptosis rate and DRD2 protein expression increased in a dose-dependent manner. The change trend of the corresponding indexes was contrary to the above in the ATP group (P<0.05). ATP attenuated the inhibitory effect of high-dose ME on the proliferation of anterior pituitary cells and PRL secretion in HPRL rats. Conclusion ME may inhibit the proliferation and PRL secretion of HPRL rat anterior pituitary cells by down-regulating the NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β pathway.

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Relationship between changes of gut microbes and metabolite levels and insulin resistance in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus at different stages of pregnancy

ZHU Shuping, MA Li, YE Xiaolin, GU Junfei

2023, 51 (6): 624-627. doi: 10.11958/20221614

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Objective To investigate changes of gut microbes and metabolites in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) at different stages of pregnancy, and their relationship with insulin resistance (IR). Methods A total of 120 pregnant women with GDM who underwent prenatal examination in Anqing First People's Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University and plan to produce in this hospital were included in this study. Fecal samples in the first, second and third trimester of pregnancy were collected respectively. 16S rRNA method was used to determine the distribution of biological flora and to analyze the intestinal microbial situation. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to detect trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) and related metabolites in fecal samples. Insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated sing steady-state model, and steady-state model β cell function index (HOMA-β) was evaluated. Changes of intestinal microorganism and metabolite levels in different pregnancy stages and their relationship with insulin resistance were analyzed. Results The abundance of Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium decreased in order, while the abundance of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria increased in order from the first trimester, the second trimester to the third trimester (P<0.05). TMAO, TMA and HOMA-IR increased in order, while HOMA-beta decreased in order from the first trimester, the second trimester to the third trimester (P<0.05). In the third trimester of pregnancy, Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium were negatively correlated with HOMA-IR and positively correlated with HOMA-β (P<0.05). Firmicutes, Actinomycetes, TMAO and TMA were positively correlated with HOMA-IR and negatively correlated with HOMA-β (P<0.05). Conclusion With the progress of pregnancy, the disturbance of intestinal microorganisms and metabolites in pregnant women with GDM increases the risk of developing IR.

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Influencing factors and prognostic value of ESR, hs-CRP, IL-6 and D-D in patients with tuberculous polyserous effusion

YANG Yuanyuan, WANG Ziyun, ZHOU Zhong

2023, 51 (6): 628-632. doi: 10.11958/20221856

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Objective To explore the influencing factors of prognostic value of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), interleukin (IL) -6, hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and D-dimer (D-D) in patients with tuberculous polyserous effusion. Methods A total of 228 hospitalized patients with tuberculous polyserous effusion were collected and divided into the poor prognosis group (89 cases) and the good prognosis group (139 cases) according to the outcome. Baseline characteristics, tuberculosis disease related data and leukocyte (WBC), neutrophil ratio (neutrophil %), ESR, PLT, procalcitonin (PCT), hs-CRP, IL-6, serum albumin (ALB) and D-D were collected within 24 h after admission. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of poor prognosis in inpatients with tuberculous polyserous effusion. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the diagnostic value of each indicator for poor prognosis. Results Levels of NEUT%, ESR, hs-CRP, IL-6 and D-D were significantly higher in the poor prognosis group than those in the good prognosis group (P<0.05). Increased levels of ESR, hs-CRP, IL-6 and D-D were risk factors for poor prognosis in inpatients with tuberculous polyserous effusion (P<0.05). The joint prediction model was established as logit (P) =-6.650+0.050×(ESR)+0.008×(hs-CRP)+0.024×(IL-6)+0.251×(D-D). ROC curve analysis showed that the largest area under the curve (AUC) was ESR, which was 0.819 (95%CI: 0.766-0.873). The AUC of ESR+IL-6+hs-CRP+D-D combined detection was 0.905 (95%CI: 0.865-0.945). Conclusion The combined detection of ESR, hs-CRP, IL-6 and D-D has a certain predictive value for the prognosis of tuberculous polyserous effusion.

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Distribution and clinical feathers of 106 patients with non-tuberculous mycobacteria pulmonary diseases in Tianjin

WANG Yan, SHAO Hongxia, ZHANG Kairu, ZHENG Xingjie, WU Junping, YU Hongzhi

2023, 51 (6): 633-636. doi: 10.11958/20221639

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Objective To analyze the strain distribution and clinical characteristics of non-tuberculous Mycobacterium (NTM) lung disease patients in Tianjin area, and to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of NTM lung disease in Tianjin area. Methods A total of 106 patients with NTM pulmonary disease were selected. The distribution of NTM bacteria, the distribution of complications and clinical manifestations of patients and the chest imaging manifestations with different NTM bacteria infection were analyzed. Levels of leukocyte, hemoglobin and serum albumin in patients infected with Mycobacterium intracellular, Mycobacterium chelonabscessus and Mycobacterium kansasii were compared. Results Among 106 patients with NTM lung disease, the top three strains were Mycobacterium intracellular (39.62%, 42/106), Mycobacterium kansasii (23.58%, 25/106) and Mycobacterium chelonabscessus (23.58%, 25/106). The main complications were pulmonary tuberculosis, bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and diabetes. Cough and expectoration were the most common clinical manifestations (64.15%, 68/106), followed by fever (35.85%, 38/106), shortness of breath (16.98%, 18/106) and hemoptysis (16.04%, 17/106). The imaging features of 100 patients were mainly exudation, cavity and bronchiectasis. The proportion of pleural effusion in Mycobacterium intracellular infection patients was higher than that in Mycobacterium chelonabscessus infection patients and Mycobacterium kansasii infection patients (P<0.05). The proportion of bronchiectasis was lower in Mycobacterium kansasii infection patients than that in Mycobacterium intracellular infection patients and Mycobacterium chelonabscessus infection patients (P<0.01). The hemoglobin level was lower in patients with mycobacterium intracellular infection than that in patients with Mycobacterium chelonabscessus and Mycobacterium kansasii infection (P<0.05). Albumin level was lower than that in patients with Mycobacterium chelonabscessus infection (P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalent strains of NTM pulmonary disease patients in Tianjin are mainly Mycobacterium intracellular, kansasii and chelonabscessus. Clinical manifestations are mainly cough, expectoration and fever. The imaging manifestations are mainly exudation, cavity and bronchiectasis.

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Difference analysis of sperm dynamic parameters after sperm extraction twice in a short time

LIU Yongjie, SHI Dongmei, DAI Liang, ZHANG Fan, WANG Guoping

2023, 51 (6): 637-641. doi: 10.11958/20222040

Abstract ( 471 )

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Objective To investigate the difference of sperm dynamic parameters in two-time spermatozoa. Methods Forty-eight men who prepared for physical examination were selected in this study. The semen of them were collected after 1 h verses 2- 7 days of ejaculation abstinence. Semen volume, sperm concentration, proportion of forward motile sperm and proportion of straight motile sperm were analyzed by computer-aided sperm analysis system. Sperm dynamic parameters included mean curve motion velocity (VCL), mean linear motion velocity (VSL), mean path motion velocity (VAP), mean sperm yaw amplitude (ALH), mean sperm whig frequency (BCF), mean sperm motion angle (MAD), straightness of motion (LIN), wobble of motion (WOB) and forward motion (STR). The plasma zinc content was determined by 5-Br-PAPS method. Fructose content was determined by hexokinase method. The content of α-glycosidase in seminal plasma was determined by improved Cooper method after liquefaction. The differences of above indexes and the relationship between semen volume, sperm concentration, the proportion of forward motile sperm and the dynamic parameters of sperm were analyzed. Results The semen volume, proportion of linear motility sperm, total sperm, total forward motility sperm, total linear motility sperm, VCL, VAP, BCF, seminal plasma zinc and α-glucosidase levels of the first sperm extraction were higher than those of the second sperm extraction (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in sperm concentration, forward motility sperm ratio, VSL, ALH, MAD, LIN, WOB, STR and spermatoglycose level between sperm from two times of sperm extraction. The semen volume of the first extraction was positively correlated with BCF, and the semen volume of the second extraction was negatively correlated with VCL, VSL, VAP, ALH, MAD and WOB (P<0.05). The sperm concentration of the first sperm extraction was positively correlated with BCF, and the sperm concentration of the second sperm extraction was positively correlated with the dynamic parameters of all sperm (P<0.05). Except the BCF of the first sperm extraction, the proportion of motile sperm in total, first and second sperm extraction was positively correlated with the dynamic parameters of other sperm groups (P<0.05). The serum zinc, fructose and α-glucosidase of total and first semen were positively correlated with BCF (P<0.05). The liquid fructose of the second semen was positively correlated with BCF, and the spermatoplasma α-glucosidase was negatively correlated with VCL and VAP (P<0.05). Conclusion Although the motility of the second semen sample is significantly decreased compared with that of the first time sperm extraction, it does not affect the ability of the motile sperm to bind to eggs, which can be used as an effective supplement to in vitro fertilization.

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Clinical value of energy spectrum CT combined with MARs technique for artifact removal of dentures of different materials

GAN Lu, LIU Ji, YUAN Chen, WANG Yuen, LI Xueming, YANG Shiming, LIU Bin

2023, 51 (6): 642-647. doi: 10.11958/20221330

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Objective To investigate the clinical value of energy spectrum CT single energy imaging and single energy + multi artifact reduction system (MARs) in removing artifacts around denture, and compare effects of different denture materials on image quality. Methods One hundred patients with denture implantation were scanned, including 30 cases of nichcr alloy, 30 cases of porcelain and 40 cases of glue bracket + stainless steel bracket. Under the same CT scanning parameters, energy spectrum imaging (GSI) was used to obtain mixed energy images (QC), single energy images of 70-140 keV and single energy+MARs images. At the level of the most serious denture artifact in each patient, two areas of interest (ROI) were defined: ROI₁ selected at the head muscle without artifact in the same level and ROI₂ selected the light-dark artifact area of soft tissue of tongue in the middle of the mouth with ROI of about 150-200 mm². The average noise (SD) and CT were measured respectively, and the artifact index (AI) was calculated. SD and AI were used as objective evaluation parameters. The image quality of mixed energy image, single energy image and single energy+MARs image were subjectively scored by two senior attending radiologists. Results The noise and artifact index of adjacent tissues of three materials, namely, nickel-chromium alloy, porcelain, glue holder + stainless steel holder, decreased with the increase of tube voltage, and it was significantly lower than QC above 90 keV, which was significantly lower than that of QC mixed energy image. The SD and AI of single energy+MARs images were significantly lower than those of single energy images with same parameters. The contrast of oral soft tissue decreased significantly with the increase of tube voltage. The contrast of oral soft tissue was the best at 110 keV+MARs, and the subjective score was the highest. Comparing the best imaging parameters of three kinds of dentures, namely, nichcr alloy, porcelain plate, glue plate+stainless steel plate, SD and AI of porcelain base were the smallest. Conclusion Energy spectrum scanning combined with MARs technology can effectively reduce metal artifacts of nichcr alloy, adhesive bracket + stainless steel bracket and porcelain, and can be used as an effective method to remove artifacts of dental prosthesis.

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Effects of general anesthesia combined with thoracic paravertebral nerve block on postoperative analgesia and pulmonary infection in patients with lung cancer surgery

WU Keyi, HUANG Yong, XU Chenghao, MA Tianming, DAI Feibiao, LI Xue, TANG Chaoliang

2023, 51 (6): 648-652. doi: 10.11958/20221629

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Objective To investigate the effect of general anesthesia (GA) combined with thoracic paravertebral nerve block (TPVB) on postoperative analgesia and pulmonary infection in patients undergoing lung cancer surgery. Methods A total of 170 lung cancer patients who underwent thoracoscopic lung lobectomy were divided into the GA group (80 cases) and the GA combined with TPVB group (90 cases) according to the anesthetic regimen. Intraoperative dosage of anesthetics, postoperative pressing times of analgesic pump, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate (HR) before anesthesia induction, after anesthesia induction and after operation, and pain (VAS) score within 48 h after operation were compared between the two groups. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were measured by enzyme-related immunosorbent assay before and after surgery in the two groups. The postoperative recovery time and the incidence rates of pulmonary infection and adverse anesthesia reactions were compared between the groups. Results The dosages of remifentanil, propofol and the total pressing times were lower in the GA combined with TPVB group than those in the GA group (P<0.05). DBP, SBP and HR after anesthesia induction and after operation were higher in the GA combined with TPVB group than those of the GA group (P<0.05). The VAS scores at 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h after operation were lower in the GA combined with TPVB group than those of the GA group (P<0.05). After operation, levels of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-8 were lower in the GA combined with TPVB group than those in the GA group (P<0.05). The recovery time of spontaneous breathing, extubation time, length of stay in recovery room, postoperative first ambulation time and hospital stay were shorter in the GA combined with TPVB group than those of the GA group (P<0.05). The incidence rates of postoperative pulmonary infection and adverse anesthesia reactions were lower in the GA combined with TPVB group than those in the GA group (P<0.05). Conclusion GA combined with TPVB can achieve good analgesic effect on patients undergoing lung cancer surgery and reduce the incidence of postoperative pulmonary infection.

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The value of ultrasonography in the differential diagnosis of parenchymal lesions of transplanted kidney

WANG Tianchi, WANG Zhong, NIU Ningning, TANG Ying

2023, 51 (6): 653-657. doi: 10.11958/20230025

Abstract ( 468 )

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Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of ultrasound radiomics for the histology of substantial lesions in transplanted kidney. Methods A total of 186 allograft patients who underwent renal puncture biopsy due to abnormal creatinine were selected and divided into the acute rejection (AR) group (135 cases) and the tubular necrosis (ATN) group (51 cases) according to the biopsy results. The biopsy results and ultrasonic data of the transplanted kidney were collected. The diagnosis was made by two physicians according to conventional ultrasound parameters. Radiomics was applied for ultrasonic image feature extraction. Independent sample t test was used for the initial selection of all the acquired omics feature data, and then the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm were used to select the best effective features from the selected features. Random forest, K-nearest neighbor method, Logistic regression and support vector machine classifier were used to establish the prediction model. All patients were assigned to the training cohort and the validation cohort according to the ratio of 7∶3, and a 5-fold cross-validation strategy was used to analyze the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and ROC area under curve (AUC) of each histological model validation cohort. Results In the physician group, the sensitivity was 56.2%, specificity was 60.7%, and accuracy was 57.5% of the differential diagnosis of AR and ATN based on conventional ultrasound parameters. The image omics method was applied to extract 137 histological features from each image, and 6 meaningful features were retained after screening, including Shape2D-Flatness, FirstOrder-Min, Histo-Min, Histo-VoxelCount, Grad-Std and GLCM-CS. The AUCs of random forest, support vector machine, Logistic regression and K-nearest neighbor method were 0.931 (95%CI: 0.779-0.997), 0.762 (95%CI: 0.604-0.897), 0.721 (95%CI: 0.582-0.808) and 0.713 (95%CI: 0.508-0.796) respectively, in which the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the random forest model were 97.60%, 80.00% and 85.80%, showing the best comprehensive performance. Conclusion Ultrasonography can extract more ultrasound image features, and each group of models has better differential diagnostic value for histological classification of renal allograft parenchymal lesions, which is superior to conventional ultrasound methods.

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Construction of a nomogram predictive model for freezing of gait in patients with Parkinson's disease

JI Lili, XU Yuanfeng, SHI Hongjuan, CHEN Wenya, LIU Liangqing

2023, 51 (6): 658-661. doi: 10.11958/20221288

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Objective To investigate and analyze the incidence and risk factors of freezing of gait (FOG) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), construct and verify the quantitative nomogram predictive model. Methods A total of 208 PD patients were retrospectively summarized. According to clinical symptoms, 98 patients were diagnosed as the FOG group and 110 patients were diagnosed as the non-FOG group. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to screen risk factors of FOG, and the nomogram model was established. Results Univariate comparison showed that age, initial age of PD, course of PD, scores of PD questionnaire (PDQ39), Hamilton depression scale (HAMD-17) and anxiety scale (HAMA-14), rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder screening questionnaire (RBDSQ) and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) were significantly higher in the FOG group than those in the non-FOG group. The visuospatial dysfunction and modified Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y) grade were significantly higher in the FOG group than those in the non-FOG group, while the score of Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) was less in the FOG group (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that higher RBDSQ score (OR=2.724, 95%CI: 1.458-5.090), PDQ39 score (OR=7.358, 95%CI: 2.448-22.078), visuospatial dysfunction (OR=2.134, 95%CI: 1.349-3.376) and H-Y grade (OR=4.272, 95%CI: 1.886-9.673) were independent risk factors to FOG in PD patients. R software was used to establish the nomogram model, and total score was 120. The area under the curve (AUC) of the model for predicting FOG by receiver operating curve (ROC) was 0.867 (95%CI: 0.810-0.935, P<0.001), suggesting that the predictive efficiency of the model was good. Hosmer - lemeshow test showed that the goodness of fit of the model was good (χ²=2.635, P=0.642). The calibration curve showed that the predictive probability of the model was in good agreement with the actual incidence. The decision curve showed that the benefit of the model was acceptable. Conclusion Patients with PD have a high incidence of FOG. RBDSQ score, PDQ 39 score, visuospatial dysfunction and H-Y grade are independent risk factors. The established nomogram model is effective in predicting FOG.

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The study of QAS combined with QIMT technology on carotid atherosclerosis in patients with normal high blood pressure

ZHANG Wenjing, WEN Dehui, ZHENG Yingjuan, LI Chaoxi, NIU Yajun, MIAO Qing

2023, 51 (6): 662-667. doi: 10.11958/20221665

Abstract ( 407 )

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Objective To evaluate structure and function of carotid artery in patients with high-normal blood pressure by quality arterial stiffness (QAS) combined with quality intima media thickness (QIMT). Methods According to blood pressure levels, patients who underwent carotid ultrasound and QAS combined with QIMT were divided into the normal blood pressure group (n=82), the normal high-value blood pressure group (n=90) and the hypertension group (n=68). The elastic parameters of bilateral carotid artery were measured by QAS technique, including dilation coefficient (DC), compliance coefficient (CC), stiffness coefficient (α, β) and pulse wave conduction velocity (PWV). The internal media thickness (IMT) of bilateral carotid arteries was measured by QIMT technique. Body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were collected. Carotid artery elastic parameters and IMT were compared between different gender groups. The left and right carotid artery elastic parameters in patients with normal high blood pressure and the carotid artery elastic parameters and IMT with different blood pressure levels were also compared in different groups. The correlation between blood lipid and each parameter was analyzed. Results The IMT of carotid artery was higher in men with normal high blood pressure than that in women (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in IMT, DC, CC, α, β and PWV between left and right carotid arteries. Compared with the normal blood pressure group, the IMT, α, β and PWV were increased in the normal high blood pressure group and the hypertension group, while DC and CC were decreased (P<0.05). HDL-C was positively correlated with DC and CC, but negatively correlated with α, β and PWV in the normal high-value blood pressure patients (P<0.01). LDL-C was negatively correlated with DC and CC, but positively correlated with α, β and PWV in the normal high-value blood pressure group (P<0.01). Conclusion QAS combined with QIMT shows that carotid artery elasticity is decreased and IMT is thickened in patients with high normal blood pressure.

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Research progress of autophagy in acute respiratory distress syndrome

HUANG Chengjun, XU Yu, MI Le, WANG Xiujun, LIU Zhenfeng, WANG Hongman

2023, 51 (6): 668-672. doi: 10.11958/20221782

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Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a type of respiratory clinical syndrome centered on uncontrolled inflammatory response. As a major pathway to maintain cellular homeostasis, autophagy plays an important regulatory role in the inflammatory response in ARDS. In animal or cellular experiments, it has been confirmed that drug intervention regulates the transduction of signaling pathways such as target of rapamycin (mTOR) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), thereby regulating autophagy to reduce lung injury. Therefore, regulating autophagy may become an important treatment for ARDS patients. This article reviews the mechanism of autophagy and the role of autophagy in ARDS in alveolar macrophages, neutrophils, alveolar epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells, in order to provide new reference for the diagnosis and treatment of ARDS, the research and development of autophagy modulators and clinical application.

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