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15 April 2013, Volume 41 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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论著
实验研究
循证医学
短篇论著
药物临床观察
临床论丛
短篇与病例报告


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论著

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Cytotoxicity effect of DC derived from stem cells co-culture with CIK on leukemia stem cells of K562/A02 cells LIANG Fang fang1,PANG Hua 2, lili ZHANG4,4 2013, 41 (4):  289-292 .  Abstract ( 489 )   PDF (527KB) ( 2496 )   [Abstract] Objective  To investigate the killing effects of dendritic cell (DC) derived from stem cells of chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) co-cultured with cytokine induced killer (CIK) on leukemia stem cells of K562/A02 cells. Methods  The marrow mononuclear cells were isolated from CML donors. CD34+CD38- cells were sorted by flow cytometry, cultured and induced to DC. The bone marrow mononuclear cells from the same donors were induced to CIK. DC and CIK were co-cultured to determine the apoptosis proapoptosis and killing effect on leukemia stem cells of K562/A02 cells by flow cytometry. Morphologies of cultured cells were examined under optical microscopy．The immune phenotypes of DC and CIK and the P-gp expressions of K562/A02 and DC were detected by flow cytometry. The expressions of BCR/ABL fusion gene of LSC and DC were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Results  DCs were successfully induced from leukemia stem cells. The positive expression rate of DC’s P-gp was about 51.8%. The expression rates of CD40, CD80, CD83, CD86 and HLA-DR were increased in DC co-cultured with CIK. The mature immune phenotypes of CD3, CD8 and CD56 were significantly increased in CIK co-cultured with DC（P < 0.01）. There were significant differences in the killing effects on CD34+CD38- cells between DC-CIK group and CIK group. DC-CIK induced apoptosis of K562/A02 cells，with the apoptot? ic rate increased from (32.56±3.20)% to (40.21±3.09)%，compared with that of CIK, the difference was significant（P < 0.01）, but it showed no evident effect on apoptosis of CD34+CD38-cells．Conclusion  The functions of DC derived from stem cells were normal. DC co-cultured with CIK can effectively kill stem cells from multidrug resistant cells，but it has no evident apoptosis effect on stem cells． Related Articles | Metrics

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The influence of relaxation training of occupational stress police on heart rate variability 2013, 41 (4):  293-295 .  Abstract ( 482 )   PDF (327KB) ( 2702 )   [Abstract] Objective  To observe the influence of relaxation training on the heart rate variability of occupational stress in criminal police officers. Methods  The Occupational Stress Inventory-revised (OSI-R) were employed to test the stress response of all the criminal policemen in our city. Five hundred and thirty-eight ones were moderate and high levels of stress(personal stress subscales, T score was above 60), and 52 from them were randomly selected as the research object of this study. The electromyography (EMG), heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) consisting of the time-domain (SDNN, RMSSD and PNN50) and frequency-domain (VLF, LF, HF, TP and LF/HF) were detected in resting, stress and relaxed states in objects. Results  The value of EMG was higher under the stress condition (29.27±9.79) than that of the resting status (14.13±8.00) and relaxed status (10.02±6.74, P < 0.05), and no statistical difference between resting and relaxed status (P > 0.05). There were the lowest values of SDNN, RMSSD, VLF, HF and TP in stress status and the highest values of them in relaxed status respectively (P < 0.05). However, the values of LF and LF/HF were the highest under stress status, and which were the lowest in relaxed status (P < 0.05). Conclusion  Relaxation training could improve the functional activities of the autonomic nervous system in occupational stress criminal policemen. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Targeting of Tumor Cells of Tumor-Targeted Drug Carrier 2013, 41 (4):  296-299 .  Abstract ( 422 )   PDF (538KB) ( 2644 )   [Abstract] Objective  To prepare the cancer targeted drug carrier using SP5-52 peptide conjugated with generation four polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer, and study its cancer cell targeted capability. Methods  SP5-52 peptide was conjugated to generation four PAMAM (G4) with succinic anhydride, and FITC was conjugated to the cancer targeted drug carrier as fluorescent probe. The cell toxicity of the carrier was detected by tetrazolium salt colorimetric test (MTT). The cellular uptake of G4-FITC and G4-FITC-SP5-52 was measured by flow cytometry. And the cellular uptake of doxorubicin (DOX) by cancer cells was observed by inverted fluorescence microscope. Results The targeted drug carrier modified by acetyl showed good biocompatibility. The cell viability was more than 80% at 4 μmol/L concentration after 24-hour incubation. Flow cytometry analysis showed that targeted carrier could target non-small cell lung cancer NCI-H460 cells, and free SP5-52 peptide could inhibit the cancer targeted capability of carrier. DOX could be encapsulated into G4-FITC-SP5-52 and showed obvious delayed release. The results of inverted fluorescence microscope showed that targeted carrier could transport more drugs into cancer cells.Conclusion G4-FITC-SP5-52 has good cancer targeting capability in vitro and might be a promising drug carrier for clinical cancer treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Preliminary Study of Temperature-responsive Chitosan Gel Combined with Drug-loaded Chitosan Microspheres 2013, 41 (4):  300-303 .  Abstract ( 458 )   PDF (474KB) ( 2503 )   [Abstract] Objective  To prepare temperature-responsive chitosan gel combined with drug-loaded chitosan microspheres（T-responsive CG/CMS），and to investigate its controlled-release effect to provide a reference for the load of exogenous growth factors used in periodontal tissue regeneration. Methods  The bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used as the model drug. The BSA-loaded microspheres were prepared using ionic gelation method. The surface morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The drug loading and encapsulation efficiency were determined. Then the BSA-loaded microspheres were mixed in chitosan/β-glycerophosphate system to form T-responsive CG/CMS-BSA. The sustained-release effect of bovine serum albumin was detected by ultraviolet sepectrophotometry. Results  The good shape and uniform particle size citosan microsphere（CSM）was generated when chitosan concentration was between 0.6 g/L and 2.0 g/L, tripolyphosphate concentration was between 0.5 g/L and 1.0 g/L. With optimizing the formulation of T-responsive CG/CMS, its transition from sol to gel occurred at 37 ℃, showing the temperature sensitivity. The release in vitro tests showed that the BSA release rate of the T-responsive CG/CMS slowed down, and the 24 h cumulative release rate was only 16%, while the 24 h cumulative release rate of the unmingled temperature-responsive chitosan gel was up to 70%. Conclusion  T-responsive CG/CMS showed the potential for sustained release of protein-based drugs, and thus it could be used in periodontal tissue engineering to accomplish the goal of sustained release of the growth factors.. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Correlation between CALU（rs2290228）Polymorphism and the Stable Dose of Warfarin 2013, 41 (4):  304-306 .  Abstract ( 479 )   PDF (356KB) ( 2568 )   [Abstract] Objective  To investigate the calcium cavity protein (CALU, rs2290228) genotype distribution in Chinese Han population and the correlation between CALU（rs2290228）polymorphism and the stable dose of warfarin in patients with aortic valve replacement. Methods  All of 226 cases were detected by Snapshot technology to explore the genotype and allele frequencies. The correlation between gene polymorphism and the stable dose of warfarin was compared in 176 patients after valve replacement, and which was also compared between 176 patients and 50 controls.Results  In total of 226 cases, the number of TT, CT and CC genotypes were 2 (0.9%), 88(38.9%) and 136 (60.2%),with the frequencies of 0.9%, 38.9% and 60.2% respectively. The frequencies of T allele and C allele were 20.4% and 79.6%. The stable maintenance doses of warfarin in patients with TT，CT and CC were (2.75±0.35) mg/d, (3.37±0.81) mg/d and (3.14±0.89) mg/d. There were no significant differences in the stable maintenance dosage of warfarin, prothrombin time (PT) and INR value between three genotype groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion  The CALU（rs2290228）polymorphism in Chinese Han population may not be an influencing factor in the individual warfarin maintenance dosage in patients with aortic valve replacement. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the results of hemoglobin electrophoresis on cord blood samples from newborn infants with different gestational weeks 2013, 41 (4):  307-309 .  Abstract ( 997 )   PDF (772KB) ( 2874 )   [Abstract] Objective  To investigate the prevalence of α-thalassemia in population of Guiyang city, and explore the relative amount of each hemoglobin(Hb) type among the newborn infants with different gestational weeks. Methods  A total of 1 222 cord blood samples from newborn infants, whose parents were both Guiyang citizen, with different gestational weeks were collected. The hemoglobin electrophoresis was performed on these cord blood samples by Sebia automatic electrophoresis apparatus to explore the prevalence and types of α-thalassemia in population of Guiyang city according to the detection rate and relative amount of Hb Bart’s. The newborn infants were divided into 5 groups according to gestational weeks, and the relative amounts of each hemoglobin type were compared between 5 groups. Results  Out of the 1 222 cord blood samples, 36 were detected to have Hb Bart’s with the detection rate 2.95%. Among the 36 cases with positive Hb Bart’s, 23 cases were α-thalassemia minor, 12 cases were silent α-thalassemia and 1 case was α-thalassemia intermedia. No one case was α-thalassemia major. Two cases of abnormal hemoglobin were identified, both were Hb J, and the detection rate was 0.16%. The major hemoglobin type of newborn infant was Hb F, accounting for more than 75% of the total hemoglobin. The relative amount of Hb F showed a gradually decrease while Hb A increase with increasing gestational age.Conclusion  Guiyang city is a high prevalence area of α-thalassemia. The relative amount of each hemoglobin type showed a dynamic change with increasing gestational age. Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect of mild hypothermia on the intracranial pressure and neural protection of the patients with intracerebral hemorrhage after stereotactic evacuation 2013, 41 (4):  310-312 .  Abstract ( 518 )   PDF (346KB) ( 2580 )   [Abstract] Objective  To investigate the effects of mild hypothermia on the intracranial pressure (ICP), S-100B， blood glucose，mortality and the neural scores in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) after stereotactic evacuation. Methods  The patients with ICH were randomly divided into control group (23 patients) and hypothermia group (24 patients) after operation. The treatment group accepted the mild hypothermia. In both group，the ICP was continuously measured in the first week. The S-100B and blood glucose were tested at the day of operation and 3，5 and 7- day after operation. The Neurological Deficit Scale Score was used to evaluate the neural function and mortality in patients at the day of operation and 2，4， 12，24，48-week after operation. Results  Compared with the control group，the values of ICP, S-100B and blood glucose were significantly reduced, and scale score was increased in treatment group. There was no significant difference in the mortal? ity between two groups (17.39% vs 20.83%).Conclusion  The mild hypothermia can assist to improve clinical outcome in patients with ICH after stereotactic evacuation，which is worth further clinical study. Related Articles | Metrics

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The association Analysis among Lower Extremity Arterial Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and the fat percent and the bone mineral density TANG Sha Sha1,ZHANG Ya jing2,ZHANG Hong 1 2013, 41 (4):  313-315 .  Abstract ( 542 )   PDF (363KB) ( 2492 )   [Abstract] Objective  To investigate the correlation between the severity of lower extremity arterial disease and the body fat percentage and bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods  According to the maximum stenosis value of the lower extremity artery, three hundred and nineteen hospitalized T2DM patients were divided into four groups, including non-stenosis group, mild stenosis group, moderate stenosis group and severe stenosis group. The values of body fat percentage in different parts of body, BMD of the second to fourth lumber vertebrate (L2-4BMD), BMD of the left femoral bone and relevant metabolic characteristics were measured and compared between four groups. The relationship of these indexes and the lower extremity arterial disease was analyzed. Results With the increase in the severity, the spine fat percentage (SF%) was gradually increased and the left femoral BMD decreased. In moderate and severe groups, the level of body fat percentage (BF%) was higher and that of L2-4BMD was lower than those of other groups. And there was a higher value of left femur body fat percentage (LF%) in severe group than that of non-stenosis group. In moderate and severe groups, the level of body mass index (BMI), triglyceride(TG), glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were higher than those of other groups. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) were higher in moderate and severe groups than those of non-stenosis group. In addition, there were higher value of blood calcium in severe group than that of non-stenosis and mild groups, and lower value of high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) in moderate and severe groups than that of mild group. There was a positive correlation between the lower extremity arterial diseases and SF%, HbA1c, TC, course of disease, BF% and SBP, but a negative correlation between lower extremity arterial diseases and the left femoral BMD and the L2-4BMD (P < 0.05). Moreover, the increased levels of SF%, HbA1c and TC, and the decreased level of the left femoral BMD were risk factors for the severity of angiographic peripheral arterial disease in T2DM patients. Conclusion  The abdominal obesity and the decrease of the lower extremity BMD were closely related to the lower extremity arterial disease in patients with T2DM. Related Articles | Metrics

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Efforts of estrogen on the expression of EGF mRNA & EGFR mRNA for the eutopic endometrium cells and endometriosis cells 2013, 41 (4):  321-323 .  Abstract ( 523 )   PDF (514KB) ( 2605 )   [Abstract] Objective  To clarify the effects of estrogen (E2) on the proliferation ability of in vitro cultured human normal and ectopic endometrial cells and the expressions of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) in these cells. Methods  The in vitro cultured human endometriosis cells and eutopic endometrium cells were both classified into E2 short-term group (with culture fluid stimulated by E2 50 nmol/L for 30 minutes)，E2 long-term group (with culture fluid stimulated by E2 50 nmol/L for 5 days) and control group (with culture fluid only). The MTT method was applied to detect the proliferation ability of endometrial cells, while the expressions of EGF mRNA and EGFR mRNA in these cells was analyzed by PCR techniques. Results  With long-term and short-term stimulation of estrogen, the proliferation ability of eutopic endometrium cells and endometriosis cells and the expression of EGF mRNA and EGFR mRNA were all enhanced compared with those of control (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in all the three parameters between E2 short-term and E2 long-term groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion  Estrogen can promote the proliferation and differentiation of ectopic endometrial cells and eutopic endometrial cells during their secretary phase. And there was no difference between long-term and short-term stimulation of estrogen. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of htrA or clpP mutation on iron metabolism of Streptococcus mutans YU Dan ,ZHANG Ya 2013, 41 (4):  324-326 .  Abstract ( 527 )   PDF (325KB) ( 2586 )   [Abstract] Objective  To study the effect of inactivation of high temperature requirement A (htrA) or caseinolytic protease P (clpP) on the iron metabolism of Streptococcus mutans.Methods  The nephelometer method was used to measure the absorbance of iron-limited defined medium in which Streptococcus mutans standard strains or htrA, clpP mutant strains were cultured for 24 hours. And the absorbance of all three strains was also measured and analyzed in the iron-limited defined medium with exogenous iron added or mutant and standard strains co-cultured in proportion to 1∶1 for 24 hours. Results  Compared to the standard strains, the growth of htrA mutant strains was not significantly affected until the concentration of iron chelator increased to 0.3 mmol/L (P＜0.05). The growth of clpP mutant strains was significantly affected in medium containing 0.2 mmol/L iron chelator (P＜0.05). The growth inhibition of mutant strains showed varying degrees of reversal when added exogenous iron to the iron-limited medium or 1∶1 co-cultured with standard strains. Conclusion  htrA gene or clpP gene plays an important role in iron metabolism of Streptococcus mutans. Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between Oxidant/antioxidant Imbalance and Inflammation Reaction during Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease WANG Yan-Lei 2013, 41 (4):  327-329 .  Abstract ( 596 )   PDF (286KB) ( 2619 )   [Abstract] Objective  To study the effects of oxidant/antioxidant imbalance on inflammation reaction during acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods  Fifty patients with acute exacerbation of COPD were collected, including 30 patients with moderate COPD and 20 patients with severe COPD. Fifty health controls，matched to the cases with gender and age，were included in the study. The serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total-antioxidant capability (T-AOC), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured and compared between three groups. Results  The serum levels of SOD, GSH-Px and T-AOC were significantly lower in moderate and severe COPD groups than those of control group, but the serum levels of MDA, CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly higher than those of control group( P﹤0.001). The serum levels of SOD, GSH-Px and T-AOC were significantly higher in moderate COPD group than those of severe COPD group, but the serum levels of MDA, CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly lower in moderate COPD group than those of severe COPD group (P﹤0.001). The serum levels of MDA were positively correlated with serum levels of CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α. The serum levels of T-AOC, SOD and GSH-Px were negatively correlated with serum levels of CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α (P < 0.01). Conclusion  The imbalance of oxidant/antioxidant can promote inflammation, which accelerates the onset and progress of inflammatory reaction during acute exacerbation of COPD. Related Articles | Metrics

实验研究

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The impact of insulin on learning and memory of Alzheimer-like mice and its mechanism 2013, 41 (4):  337-340 .  Abstract ( 470 )   PDF (493KB) ( 2558 )   [Abstract] Objective  To investigate the impact and mechanism of insulin on learning and memory of Alzheimer (AD)-like mice induced by streptozotocin (STZ) intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection. Methods  Twenty-one mice were randomly divided into three groups, seven mice in each group: control group (CON), the model group (STZ) and insulin (INS) treatment group. STZ i.c.v. injection was used to establish AD mouse model in the latter two groups. The subcutaneous injection of insulin was administered for 30 days to INS group. Morris water maze was applied to detect the learning and memory ability of mice and Western blotting to analyze the levels of phosphorylated Tau and neurofilament (NFs) proteins. Fluoro-Jade B (FJB) was used to label the degenerative neurons. Results  Compared with CON group, the escape latency and path length were increased in STZ group (P < 0.05) with fewer number of crossing hidden platform than that of CON group (P < 0.05). The phosphorylation levels in sites of Ser199/202, Ser396/404, Thr212 and Thr205 of Tau protein and NFs protein phosphorylation were increased in STZ group compared with those of CON group (P < 0.05). The number of FJB-positive neurons was much more in STZ group than that in CON group (P < 0.001). Ccompared with STZ group, the learning and memory were improved, the escape latency and path length were decreased in INS group (P < 0.05). There was a larger number of crossing hidden platform in INS group than that of STZ group (P < 0.05). The phosphorylation levels of Tau in different sites and NFs protein phosphorylation were significantly decreased in INS group than those of STZ group (P < 0.05). The mean integrated optical density of FJB-positive neurons was much fewer in mouse hippocampus in INS group than that of STZ group (P < 0.001). Conclusion Insulin could protect learning and memory function of AD-like mice induced by STZ i.c.v. injection, which may be related to the decrease of the hyperphosphorylation of Tau and NFs proteins, and may be related to the reduction of the neural degeneration. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of lidocaine hydrochloride-loaded lysine modified chitosan polymeric liposomes and permeation through mouse skin in vitro 2013, 41 (4):  341-344 .  Abstract ( 619 )   PDF (429KB) ( 2600 )   [Abstract] Objective  To prepare the lidocaine hydrochloride-loaded lysine modified chitosan polymeric liposomes (LID-PLs) and to study its permeation characteristics through mouse skin in vitro. Methods  LID-PLs and lidocaine hydrochloride-loaded conventional liposomes (LID-CLs) were prepared by reverse-phase evaporation method. The diameter and zeta potential of LID-PLs and LID-CLs were determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) using a Brookhaven Zetasizer. A HPLC method of determination of lidocaine hydrochloride was established. The isolated mouse skin and Franz diffusion cells were used to evaluate the permeation characteristics of LID-PLs, LID-CLs and lidocaine hydrochloride injection (LID-IJ). Results  The diameter of LID-PLs was significantly smaller than that of LID-CLs (61.2±8.14 nm vs 219±7.51 nm). The specificity of HPLC was high and the standard curve equation was =0.051X-2.701，r=0.999 9. The mean cumulative permeation of lidocaine was significantly higher at 5 min,10 min, 30 min, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 12 h and 24 h after administration in LID-PLs group than those in LID-CLs group and LID-IJ group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The mean cumulative permeation of lidocaine was significantly higher in LID-CLs group than that in LID-IJ group at 10 min, 30 min, 1.5 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 12 h and 24 h after administration (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Conclusion  The preparation of LID-PLs is simple and it has good permeation in vitro. The HPLC method is accurate and reliable. Related Articles | Metrics

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The effects of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on the expression of Ski in Cultured rat mesangial cells treated by TGF-β1 2013, 41 (4):  345-348 .  Abstract ( 606 )   PDF (428KB) ( 2561 )   [Abstract] Objective  To investigate the effects of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on the expression of Ski in cul tured rat mesangial cells treated by transforming growth factor (TGF-β1). Methods  The mesangial cells were pre-treated with different concentrations of ATRA for 24 h, and then stimulated with TGF-β1 (10 μg/L) for 24 h. The cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 method. The Ski mRNA expression was determined by real time-PCR. The protein expression of Ski was determined by Western blot analyses. The localization of Ski was observed by confocal fluorescence microscopy. Results  Compared with the control group, TGF-β1 significantly enhanced the proliferation and the expression of Ski mRNA and protein in rat mesangial cells (P < 0.05). ATRA significantly inhibited mesangial cell proliferation induced by TGF-β1 in a dose-dependent manner. In ATRA groups, Ski mRNA and protein were increased significantly. Additionally, Ski protein was mainly localized in nucleus, and fluorescence intensity was significantly increased in nucleus, while decreased in cyto? plasm in ATRA groups. Conclusion  ATRA could inhibit TGF-β1 induced mesangial cell proliferation through up-regulat? ing the expression of Ski and inhibiting it translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Related Articles | Metrics

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Protective Effects of Xingnaojing Combined with Ulinastatin on Brain Injury in Severe Acute Pancreatitis of Rats WANG Xiao Hong 2013, 41 (4):  349-352 .  Abstract ( 577 )   PDF (648KB) ( 2743 )   [Abstract] Objective? To study the protective effects of xingnaojing combined with ulinastatin on brain injury in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) of rats. Methods? A total of 120 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 12 groups including normal control 6-hour group，control 24-hour group, SAP 6-hour group, SAP 24-hour group, xingnaojing treated 6-hour group, xingnaojing treated 24-hour group，ulinastatin treated 6-hour group, ulinastatin treated 24-hour group， xingnaojing and combined ulinastatin treated 6-hour group, xingnaojing and combined ulinastatin treated 24-hour group,positive control 6-hour group and positive control 24-hour group. Each group included 10 rats. Neurobehavioral scores were observed, and a series of blood samples，pancreatic tissue and brain tissue samples were obtained at 6 and 24 hours after operation respectively. The serum amylase，brain tissue content of Evans blue (EB), the histopathological change of pancreas and brain were observed. The serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β were measured with radioimmunoassay (RIA). Levels of TNF-α mRNA and IL-1β mRNA in rat brain tissues were measured by RT-PCR. Results? Compared with SAP 24-hour group, the serum amylase，brain tissue content of EB, histopathological scores of rat pancreas and brain tissues，serum TNF-α and IL-1β, TNF-α mRNA and IL-1β mRNA in brain tissues were significantly decreased while neurobehavioral scores were significantly increased in xingnaojing combined ulinastatin treated 24-hour group (P < 0.01). However，there were no significant differences in all indexes between xingnaojing combined ulinastatin treated 24-hour group and positive control 24-hour group (P﹥0.05). Conclusion? Xingnaojing combined with ulinastatin plays a protective role in brain injury of SAP in rats. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Acetylcholine Chloride on Nitric Oxide Produced by IELs of Mice KONG Wei han1,FANG Bu wu2,WU Xian zhong3 2013, 41 (4):  353-356 .  Abstract ( 549 )   PDF (386KB) ( 2494 )   [Abstract] Objective  To explore effects of acetylcholine chloride on nitric oxide (NO) produced by intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) in mice. Methods  IELs of Balb/c mice were isolated, cultured and incubated with acetylcholine chloride of various concentrations. Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) served as the control. NO in culture supernatants was detected with fluorospectrophotometry, IELs proliferation was determined by MTT, and intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) was assayed by Fura-2/AM. Results  Compared with the control group of IELs (with concanavalin A (Con A) of 0.5 mg/L final concentration in the medium), absorbance (A) value decreased in each group of acetylcholine chloride 10-5, 10-6 and 10-7mol/L (P < 0.05). The level of NO in IELs supernatant was the lowest (without Con A in medium) on day 4, but the level of NO was then in? creased progressively and got the peak at day 7 (at the end of observation), which was higher than that of day 1, day 2, day 3 and day 4 (P < 0.05). In comparison with the control group of IELs, the level of NO in 10-5 mol/L acetylcholine chloride group and 10-2 g/L PHA group were significantly lower respectively (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the [Ca2+]i level in acetylcholine chloride group (P > 0.05), but it increased significantly in PHA group (P < 0.05). The level of NO in supernatants was positively correlated with common logarithm of [Ca2+]i of IELs only in acetylcholine chloride group (r=0.840，P = 0.036). Conclusion  Acetylcholine chloride can inhibit NO produced by IELs, which suggests that vagus nerve’s effect on controlling inflammation was possibly related to its ability to inhibit the production of NO. Related Articles | Metrics

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Hyperhomocysteinamia induce Bcl-2 and Bax methlation changes in rat's myocaidium HOU Jian jun1,JIA Shao bing2 2013, 41 (4):  357-360 .  Abstract ( 790 )   PDF (364KB) ( 2577 )   [Abstract] Objective  To observe the effects of methionine-induced hyperhomocysteinamia (HHCY) on methylation status of myocardial B cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) in rats. Methods  Twenty two healthy five-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and HHCY group (n=11 for each group). Rats were given ordinary food in control group. Rats were received ordinary food and methionine [1 g/(kg·d),orally] in HHCY group. Rats were sacrificed and blood samples were taken from heart of rats after 20 weeks. The serum homocysteine (Hcy) was detected with automatic biochemistry analyzer. Methylation-specific PCR and Nested PCR were used to examine methylation status of myocardial Bcl-2 and Bax. Results  The serum homocysteine was significantly higher in HHCY group than that of control group (P < 0.01). The hypermethylation happened in bcl-2 promoter region in HHCY group compared to that of control group (P < 0.05). The demethylation happened in Bax promoter region of HHCY group compared to that of control group (P < 0.01). Conclusion  The effects of HHCY on myocardial Bcl-2 and Bax methylation status are different，suggesting that there may be deeper mechanisms. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study of the therapy effects of lipoxin A4 on preeclampsia in rats HeHe 1,YIN Li rong2, 2013, 41 (4):  361-363 .  Abstract ( 537 )   PDF (334KB) ( 2603 )   [Abstract] Objective  To study the therapeutic effects of lipoxin A4 (LXA4) on preeclampsia in rats. Methods Thirty pregnant SD rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=10 for each group): treatment with lipoxin A4 group, model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group and brine group. The model of LPS was induced by the injection of low dose LPS slowly in the tail vein of rats on the pregnancy of the 14th day. LXA4 was given for the treatment in lipoxin A4 group. Brine group was injected saline as comparison. The body weight, systolic blood pressure, 24-hour urine protein, level of plasma LXA4 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) were detected before pregnancy, day-8 and day-18 of gestation in three groups. Results  There were no significant differences in the weight, systolic blood pressure, 24-hour urine protein, level of plasma LXA4 and TNF-α before pregnancy, day-8 and day-18 of gestation between three groups（P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in body weight between three groups on the pregnancy of the 18th day（P > 0.05). However, there were significant higher levels in the systolic blood pressure, 24-hour urine protein, level of plasma LXA4 and TNF-α in treatment with lipoxin A4 group and model of LPS group than those of brine group (P < 0.05). Compare with the brine group, the level of LXA4 was significantly decreased in treatment with LXA4 group and model of LPS group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the systolic blood pressure, 24-hour urine protein, levels of plasma LXA4 and TNF-α between treatment with LXA4 group and brine group（P > 0.05). Conclusion  The method is mature to establish a model of preeclampsia in pregnant rats by given low dose LPS. LXA4 has a significant role in the treatment of preeclampsia in rat model. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study of Inhibition of Double-cis-element Decoy ODNs of NF-κB against Carotid artery neointimal hyperplasia in rat 2013, 41 (4):  364-367 .  Abstract ( 453 )   PDF (705KB) ( 2589 )   [Abstract] Objective  To observe the effects of double-cis-element decoy ODN of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) on artery intimal hyperplasia in rats and the proliferation of primarily-cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) after arterial balloon injury in rats. Methods  A balloon catheter was introduced through the left external carotid artery to construct intimal injury rat model. The mixture of double-cis-element decoy ODN of p65, a subunit of NF-κB was perfused into the injured vessel as a kind of treatment. The intimal hyperplasia of injured vessel was observed at 3-d and 7-d af? ter operation, respectively. VSMCs were isolated and cultured in vitro and adenovirus, which can express double-cis-element decoy ODN of p65, was introduced to infect primary cells. MTT assay was used to detect the proliferation of treated cells. The high content analysis was used to detect the cell apoptosis. And Western blotting was used to detect expression levels of downstream genes of NF-κB，interleukin-8（IL-8）monocyte chemoa-tracttant protein-1（MCP-1）. Results The intimal hyperplasia after vessel injury was significantly reduced after transfection of double-cis-element decoy ODN of p65 compared with that of treatment of single-cis-element decoy ODN and scrambled control. There were a significantly lower proliferation, a higher apoptosis and lower expression levels of downstream genes of NF-κB in cells treated with double-cis-element decoy ODN of NF-κB. No significant difference was found in down-regulating expression level of MCP-1 between double-cis-element decoy ODN group and single-cis-element decoy ODN group.Conclusion Treatment of double-cis-element decoy ODN of p65, a subunit of NF-κB could inhibit the intimal hyperplasia after injury, which may be caused by inhibition of proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Related Articles | Metrics

循证医学

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Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Efficacy of Single Dose Glucocorticoid before Liver Resection 2013, 41 (4):  368-373 .  Abstract ( 533 )   PDF (633KB) ( 2590 )   [Abstract] Objective  To evaluate the clinical value of the single dose glucocorticoid before liver resection using meta analysis. Methods  Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focused on preoperative single dose glucocorticoid in liver resection were identified from Pubmed, Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), VIP database, and Wanfang database according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All relevant studies were screened and the data were extracted by two independent reviewers.The qualities of the included studies were evaluated by modified Jadad score. Meta analysis was processed by RevMan 5.1. Results Five randomized controlled trials were included in this analysis. These studies included a total of 222 patients. The methodological quality was evaluated and all of the trials were in high quality. The meta analysis revealed that the postoperative peak of interleukin (IL)-6 value［MD=-53.70；95% CI (-74.11--33.29)；P < 0.01］, peak value of total bilirubin (TBIL)［MD=-13.77；95%CI (-23.77--3.78)；P < 0.01］, postopera? tive complications[OR=0.30；95%CI (0.16-0.57)；P < 0.01]and the length of hospital stay［MD=-2.91；95%CI(-4.55--1.28)； P < 0.01］were significantly decreased in glucocorticoid group than those in control group. There were no statistical differences in the peak alanine aminotransferase (ALT) value and peak aspartic transaminase (AST) value between the two groups after operation (P > 0.05). Conclusion  These results suggest that the preoperative single dose glucocorticoid could reduce the release of inflammatory cytokines and improve the outcomes in patients undergoing liver resection. Its efficacy on liver function and ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury needs further investigation. Related Articles | Metrics

短篇论著

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Comparative study of three kinds of pleurodesis for the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax 2013, 41 (4):  374-375 .  Abstract ( 591 )   PDF (274KB) ( 2918 )   Abstract Objective: To compare pleural abrasion\talc slurry and pleural abrasion plus talc slurry in the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax. Methods: Between January 2009 and February 2011, 180 patients among indicated surgical treatment for spontaneous pneumothorax in our hospital allowed this prospective study. The patients were randomly assigned to 3 groups: pleural abrasion (group A, n=61), talc slurry (group B, n=61), and pleural abrasion plus talc slurry (group C, n=58). The variables studied were recurrence, surgical time, morbidity and post-operative hospital stay, postoperative chest drainage, parenteral analgesics. Statistical analysis was done by ANOVA ,Bonferroni test、χ2 test (SSPS 17.0). Results: Statistically significant differences were observed in the variables: surgical time (A: 51.64 ± 6.17; B: 42.79 ± 8.14 ;C：55.09 ± 8.40 min P <0.001); post-operative hospital stay (A: 5.95 ± 2.35; B: 5.10 ± 0.98;C: 5.21 ± 1.81d P = 0.008), Parenteral analgesics (frequencies/patient) (A: 2.48 ± 0.595; B: 2.61 ± 0.737;C :4.34 ± 0.637 P < 0.001); Rate of fever (>38.0°C) (A: 38; B: 41; C: 55 P < 0.001); Rate of fever (>38.5°C) (A:3; B: 4;C: 14 P<0.001);apical air camera (A: 9; B: 2; C: 2 P =0.026); pleural effusion (A: 7; B: 1; C: 2 P = 0.046). Conclusions: Talc slurry shows shorter surgical time and post-operative hospital stay, Morbidity is higher in patients with pleural abrasion . Parenteral analgesics, Rate of fever (>38.0°C ,>38.5°C) are higher in patients with pleural abrasion plus talc slurry. Statistically significant differences were not observed in recurrence, persistent air leaks>5days, atelectasis , empyema and haemothorax. Thus we recommend talc slurry as the first priority for the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax in the Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Related Articles | Metrics

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Association of Diabetes Mellitus with Hypertrophied Ligamentum Flavum 2013, 41 (4):  376-377 .  Abstract ( 553 )   PDF (441KB) ( 2545 )   Related Articles | Metrics

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The analysis of the relationship between graft’s biliary orifice numbers and related complications in right lobe living donor liver transplantation 2013, 41 (4):  378-379 .  Abstract ( 800 )   PDF (297KB) ( 2669 )   【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the correlation between the number of biliary orifices and biliary complications, and to explore the preventive and curative methods for biliary complications. Methods Materials of 94 living donor liver transplantations were retrospectively analyzed. According to the various numbers of biliary orifices, we reviewed the incidence of biliary complications in all recipients. Results 63 grafts had one biliary orifice, 30 had two biliary orifices and 1 had three. Total incidence of biliary complications was 35.1%（33/94）, including bile leakage(6.4%) and biliary stricture(31.9%). The rate of biliary complication was significantly different between single biliary orifice group and multiple (P=0.02). Two patients suffering from bile leakage reoperated, four were cured through conservative treatment like drugs and bile drainage. 18 patients suffering from biliary anastomotic stoma stricture were cured through drugs, T-tube or ENBD drainage. The other ten patients were treated by bile drainage and placing stent through T-tube or endoscopic retrograde cholangioplasty. 1 non-anastomotic stoma stricture patient were treated by placing stent through T-tube. The other were cured through ENBD drainage. The liver function of all patients got better. Conclusion Under the premise of ensuring the safety of donors, harvesting single bile duct stump is considerable as far as possible, which can reduce biliary complication effectively. Bile drainage and radiate intervention treatment are effective for treatment of biliary complications. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Observation of Clinical Curative Effects of Physical Therapy and the Study of Impact on the State of Inflammation in the Diabetic Nephropathy Patient 2013, 41 (4):  382-383 .  Abstract ( 578 )   PDF (283KB) ( 2541 )   Abstract Objective: To the observation of clinical curative effects of physical therapy in the diabetic nephropathy patients and the preliminary discussion the effective mechanism. Methods: The Ⅲ period of diabetic nephropathy patients have 80 cases, and randomly divided into treated group and control group，observed the change of index level about UAER、ASAA、IL-6、TNF-α after treatment 15 days. Results: After treatment, UAER of the diabetic nephropathy patients is significantly lower than before treatment (P < 0.05); the level of ASAA、IL-6、TNF-αare also obviously lower than before treatment (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The physical therapy is effective to cure the diabetic nephropathy Patients, and the improvement of the kidney, may be caused by reducing the inflammation state. Related Articles | Metrics

药物临床观察

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Clinical analysis and nursing countermeasures of two preoperative drugs’ adverse effects 2013, 41 (4):  384-384 .  Abstract ( 719 )   PDF (234KB) ( 2597 )   Objective: To analyze the characteristics and related factors of adverse effects caused by PG05 and misoprostol, providing the nursing guidance of drugs’ adverse effects. Methods: To choose 100 healthy early-pregnant patients with requirement of pregnancy termination hospitalized in Peking University 1st Hospital from Oct.2011 to Dec.2011. They were randomly divided into two groups, PG05 group (50 cases) and misoprostol group (50 cases). Adverse effects were observed after drug application. Insert into anus 0.5mg pG05 or Oral 200ug misoprostol 30 minutes before negative pressure suction surgery. Record blood pressure, pulse, the highest temperature and the time it occurs, nausea and vomiting frequency, diarrhea frequency and breath 30 minutes after medication. Record the occurrence of headache, dizziness, weakness, breast tenderness, abdominal pain, chills and skin rash. Provide nursing intervention aiming at the adverse response of patients after medication. Results: Thirty minutes after medication, we have observed that 16 patients of PG05 group (32 percent) appear symptoms of nausea and vomiting, significantly more than misoprostol group, which occurs 6 cases (12 percent).The difference has statistical significance (P<0.05). No one has abdominal pain in PG05 group. 7 patients of misoprostol group (14 percent) appear symptom of abdominal pain. The difference has statistical significance (P<0.05). The difference of diarrhea, weakness, headache and dizziness, palm itching and other adverse responses between two groups don’t have statistical significance (P>0.05). Patients can tolerate adverse responses above. Conclusions: Women who have gastrointestinal discomfort in early pregnancy aren’t fit for inserting into anus progesterone before negative pressure suction surgery. Nurses master characteristics of two drugs’adverse responses in detail, which has significance for directing nursing process. Besides, it lets women of childbearing age enjoy high-quality services. Related Articles | Metrics

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Efficacy of Calcipotriol in the Treatment of Palmoplantar Pustulosis 2013, 41 (4):  385-386 .  Abstract ( 1559 )   PDF (317KB) ( 2578 )   Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of calcipotriol in the treatment of palmoplantar pustulosis . Methods 80 patients with palmoplantar pustulosis were divided into two groups randomly: 40 patients were treaded with triamcinolone twice a day for 8 weeks , 40 patients were treaded with calcipotriol twice a day for 8 weeks respectively .After 2 、4 and 8 weeks , all the patients are required regular return visit . We observe the area 、erythema 、scale 、 the number and area of the pustule 、the alteration 、the side effects ，etc , and analyse the recovery rate 、 the effective rate and the recurrence rate with the method of the statistics. Results After 8 weeksˊ treatment , the provement of the plaque by using calcipotriol was more higher than triamcinolone (P<0.05) ，and in the follow-up visit the recurrence rate was inferior (P<0.05). Conclusion Calcipotriol were safe and effective in therapy for palmoplantar pustulosis ,and the recurrence rate is low . Related Articles | Metrics

临床论丛

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CBCT in Assessing the positional Relationship bewteen Mandibular Third Molar and Mandibular Canal 2013, 41 (4):  388-389 .  Abstract ( 699 )   PDF (336KB) ( 2637 )   【Abstract】 Objective:To assess the value of CBCT in observing the positional relationship bewteen mandibular third molar and mandibular canal. Methods:Totally 104 aduted patients (Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, from 2012.1 to 2012.5) with 191 mandibular third molars were assessed with CBCT. All the images were classed and measured by CBCT Image processing software (Examvision).The results were processed statistically with SPSS software package.Results:There were 85 mandibular third molars contacting with mandibular canals.The positional relationship bewteen mandibular third molar and mandibular canal and the probability of mandibular third molar contacted with mandibular canal were independent of gender（P＞0.05）.The Correlation existed between their positional relationship and the probability of mandibular third molar contacted with mandibular canal.And when mandibular canal locates at the lingual side of mandibular third molar or between the roots of mandibular third molar, it has the largest probability of contacting with mandibular third molar. Conclusion:CBCT can predict exactly the positional relationship bewteen mandibular third molar and mandibular canal. Related Articles | Metrics

短篇与病例报告

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Clinical report of a case of the rehabilitation of massive brain infarction 2013, 41 (4):  398-398 .  Abstract ( 521 )   PDF (294KB) ( 2613 )   Related Articles | Metrics

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Congenital epulis: a case report 2013, 41 (4):  399-399 .  Abstract ( 518 )   PDF (199KB) ( 2615 )   congenital epulis is a rare rare benign soft tissue lesion in newborns.It usually arises from the mucosa of the gingiva, either from the maxillary or mandibular alveolar ridge, and may cause respiratory or feeding problems，it's proper to operate excising。 Related Articles | Metrics