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15 September 2022, Volume 50 Issue 9 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Cell and Molecular Biology
Experimental Research
Clinical Research
Applied Research
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Cell and Molecular Biology

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Lycorine inhibited LPS-induced primary microglial inflammatory response via TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway KANG Jingjing, CAO Xiang 2022, 50 (9):  897-901.  doi: 10.11958/20220323 Abstract ( 1118 )   HTML ( 208 )   PDF (1076KB) ( 2028 )   Objective To investigate the effect and potential mechanism of lycorine (LYC) on inflammatory response and phenotype of primary microglia induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods The cultured primary microglia cells were divided into the control group, the LYC group (0.1, 0.5, 1 and 5 μmol/L LYC), the LPS group (0.1 mg/L LPS) and the LPS+LYC group (0.1 mg/L LPS+5 μmol/L LYC). The morphological changes of cells were observed under inverted microscope. Flow cytometry was used to detect the purity of primary microglia cells and the effect of LPS-induced cell proportion on the two phenotypes of primary microglia cells. Cell activity was detected by CCK-8 method. The mRNA expressions of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and microglia surface markers of different phenotypes were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR). The content of nitric oxide (NO) was determined by Griess method. The expression levels of TLR4 and p-NF-κB p65 protein were detected by Western blot assay. Results The purity of primary microglia was over 95%. There was no significant difference in the cell activity between the control group and the LYC group. The concentration of LYC 5 μmol/L was used in subsequent experiments. Compared with LPS group, the number of amoeba-like microglia was significantly reduced in the LPS+LYC group, expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α mRNA and NO content decreased, the expression level of CD86 mRNA and phenotype ratio decreased, the expression level of CD206 mRNA and phenotype ratio increased, and expression levels of TLR4 and p-NF -κB P65 protein were also decreased (P<0.01). Conclusion Treatment with LYC inhibits LPS-induced primary microglial inflammatory response and promotes the anti-inflammatory polarization through TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of FoxM1 expression regulated by lentiviral transfection on the proliferation and invasion of human intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and the expression of MMPs LIU Lingyun, MAO Han, ZHU Xijia 2022, 50 (9):  902-906.  doi: 10.11958/20220114 Abstract ( 823 )   HTML ( 194 )   PDF (1128KB) ( 1938 )   Objective To investigate the effects of FoxM1 regulated by lentiviral transfection on the proliferation and invasion of human intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and the expression levels of MMP-9 and MMP-2 in vitro. Methods Western blot assay was used to detect the FoxM1 protein expression levels of ICC cell lines HCCC-9810, RBE and SSP-25. The higher expression level of cell line was selected as the down-regulated FoxM1 cell line, and the lower one was selected as the up-regulated FoxM1 cell line. FoxM1 plasmid and shRNA lentiviral vector transfection targeting up-regulating and down-regulating ICC cell lines were established a cell line that stably up-regulating or down-regulating FoxM1 cells (verified by Western blot assay). MTT method was used to detect cell proliferation after transfection, and Transwell invasion test was used to detect cell invasion. qPCR was used to detect the expression levels of MMP-9 and MMP-2 mRNA in stably transfected cell lines of each group. Results The protein of FoxM1 expression of SSP-25 was the highest, and HCCC-9810 was the lowest. Therefore, SSP-25 was selected as the target cell line for down-regulating FoxM1 expression, and HCCC-9810 was selected as the target cell line for up-regulating FoxM1 expression. The lentiviral transfection successfully constructed stable overexpression (the HCCC-9810-FoxM1 group) and down-regulated FoxM1 cell line (the SSP-25-shFoxM1 group). The proliferation and invasion ability were significantly higher in the HCCC-9810-FoxM1 group than those of the HCCC-9810-Control group (P<0.05). The proliferation and invasion ability were significantly lower in the SSP-25-shFoxM1 group than those of the SSP-25-Control group (P<0.05). In the HCCC-9810-FoxM1 group, the mRNA expression levels of MMP-9 and MMP-2 were significantly higher than those of the HCCC-9810-Control group, while the mRNA expression levels of MMP-9 and MMP-2 were significantly lower in the SSP-25-shFoxM1 group than those of the SSP-25-Control group (P<0.05). Conclusion FoxM1 promotes the proliferation and invasion of ICC cells. FoxM1 may affect the expression levels of MMP-9 and MMP-2. FoxM1 may serve as a potential biomarker of ICC. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression and its clinical significance of Musashi2 in different molecular subtypes of breast invasive ductal carcinoma PING Jing, ZHOU Donghua, ZHU Dajiang, TIAN Jie, CHEN Ying, FAN Juhua 2022, 50 (9):  907-911.  doi: 10.11958/20220121 Abstract ( 690 )   HTML ( 103 )   PDF (1015KB) ( 2102 )   Objective To investigate the expression of Musashi2 in different molecular subtypes of breast invasive ductal carcinoma and its correlation with clinical and molecular pathological features and prognosis. Methods The clinicopathological data of 125 patients with breast invasive ductal carcinoma were collected. The expression of Musashi2, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) and Ki67 expression in tumor tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was further detected in patients with a "++" HER2 immunohistochemistry results. According to the test results, molecular subtyping was performed. The relationship between Musashi2 expression and its clinical and molecular pathological characteristics and prognosis was analyzed in breast invasive ductal carcinoma with different molecular subtypes. Results The positive rates of Musashi2 in invasive ductal carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ were significantly higher than those in normal breast tissues (P<0.01). The positive rates in the Luminal A and the Luminal B groups were significantly higher than that in the HER2+ and triple-negative type groups (P<0.05). The positive rates of Musashi2 in early stage (Ⅰand Ⅱ) were significantly higher than those in the late stage (Ⅲ and Ⅳ, P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in Musashi2 expression levels between different ages, tumor diameters, histological grades, vascular involvement and lymph node metastasis of invasive ductal carcinoma of breast (P>0.05). The expression level of Musashi2 was positively correlated with ER and PR (r = 0.408, r = 0.405), but no relationship with HER2 and Ki67 (P>0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that there was no significant difference in disease-free survival between the Musashi2 positive group and the Musashi2 negtive group (67 months±12 months vs. 63 months±15 months, Log-rank χ2=0.752, P>0.05). Conclusion The expression of Musashi2 protein in breast invasive ductal carcinoma is related to its molecular subtype and TNM stage. The higher expression of musashi2 indicates a lower degree of malignant. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of age on the biological properties of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells DU Peng, WANG Feng, CHEN Xiaobo, ZHENG Yan, WU Qianqian, LIU Weijun, WANG Yuliang 2022, 50 (9):  912-916.  doi: 10.11958/20220808 Abstract ( 455 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (1150KB) ( 1897 )   Objective To investigate the impact of donor age on biological properties of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ADSCs). Methods Subcutaneous adipose tissue and peripheral blood sample were collected after abdominal surgery. They were divided into the child group (n=10), the adult group (n=10) and the >50 years old group (n=10). ADSCs were isolated and cultured. Cell immunophenotypic characteristics were determined by flow cytometry. The proliferation and migration cell index (CI) were monitored with a Real-Time Cell Analyzer. Multilineage differentiation potential was investigated by evaluating the induction response. The mRNA expression of osteopontin (OPN) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) from ADSCs were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. ADSCs were co-cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in presence of concomitant phytohemagglutinin stimulation. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was performed to detect the IFN-γ levels in culture supernatants. Results After 3 passages, ADSCs from the three groups showed typical spindle-shaped, and all expressed typical mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) surface markers CD90, CD105 and CD73. The proliferation, migration CI, and the expression levels of OPN mRNA were significantly increased in ADSCs derived from the child group compared with those in the adult group and the >50 years old group (P<0.05). ADSCs derived from the child group significantly decreased the secretion of IFN-γ in culture supernatants compared with the adult group and the >50 years old group (P<0.05). Conclusion ADSCs derived from children have biological advantages in the proliferation, migration, multilineage differentiation potential and immunosuppressive effects in vitro. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The role of γ-secretase inhibitor in pulmonary fibrosis epithelial-mesenchymal transition HAN Jiao, WANG Huabing, XU Lingwen, DONG Fang 2022, 50 (9):  917-920.  doi: 10.11958/20220307 Abstract ( 546 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF (806KB) ( 1838 )   Objective To investigate the formation of pulmonary fibrosis epithelial-interstitial transformation (EMT) induced by transforming growth factor TGF-β1 in vitro and to detect the effect of Notch signal specific inhibitor DAPT on this transformation and its possible mechanism. Methods A549 cells were divided into the control group (cultured in RPMI 1640 complete medium), the TGF-β1 group (containing 10 μg/L TGF-β1 in RPMI 1640 medium), the TGF-β1+DAPT group (containing 10 μg/L TGF-β1 and 2 μmol DAPT in RPMI 1640 medium) and the DAPT group (only 2 μmol DAPT was cultured in RPMI 1640 medium). The cell morphology was observed by inverted microscope. The mRNA expression of alveolar epithelial cell specific protein levels of E-cadherin and interstitial cell specific protein α-actin (α-SMA) were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and the expression levels of E-cadherin and α-SMA were detected by Western blot assay. Results The cells in the control group were polygonal, irregular and closely linked, while those in the TGF-β1 group were spindle-shaped with reduced intercellular connections. In the TGF-β1 + DAPT group, only a few cells showed spindle shape, and most cell morphology was similar to that of the control group. The cell morphology of the DAPT group was similar to that of the control group. Compared with the control group, expression levels of α-SMA protein and mRNA increased significantly in the TGF-β1 group (P<0.05), while the expression of E-cadherin and its mRNA decreased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with the TGF-β1, the expression of α-SMA and mRNA decreased significantly in the TGF-β1 and DAPT group, while the expression of E-cadherin and mRNA increased significantly (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in expression levels of α-SMA and E-cadherin protein and mRNA between the DAPT group and the control group (P>0.05). Conclusion TGF-β1 can induce lung epithelial interstitial transformation, while Notch signal inhibitor DAPT can block, partially or completely reverse this transformation process. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Experimental Research

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The effect and mechanism of inhibiting miR-33 expression on pulmonary fibrosis in rats with acute respiratory distress syndrome LONG Guangwen, ZHANG Qian, YANG Xiulin, JI Chunling, DONG Yukang 2022, 50 (9):  921-926.  doi: 10.11958/20220034 Abstract ( 612 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF (1019KB) ( 1941 )   Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of inhibiting miR-33 expression on pulmonary fibrosis in rats with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Methods A total of 60 SD rats were divided into the Sham group, the ARDS model group (Model group), the antagomir negative control group (antagomir-NC group) and the miR-33 antagomir group (antagomir group) according to random number table method, with 15 rats in each group. Except for the Sham group, ARDS model was established by endotracheal drop of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in other groups. After the model was successfully established, miR-33 antagomir or antagomir-NC were injected through tail vein. Arterial partial pressure of oxygen [p(O2) ] and oxygenation index (OI) were measured. HE staining and Masson staining were used to observe the histopathological changes and the degree of pulmonary fibrosis of lung. The content of hydroxyproline (Hyp) in lung tissue was detected by alkaline hydrolysis method. The levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in alveolar lavage fluid were detected by ELISA. The mRNA expression levels of miR-33 and TGF-β1, Collagen Ⅰ and Collagen Ⅲ in lung tissues were detected by qPCR. The protein expression levels of TGF-β1, Smad2, p-Smad2, Smad3, p-Smad3 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were detected by Western blot assay. Results Compared with the Sham group, the level of p(O2) and OI were significantly decreased in the Model group (P<0.05). Lung tissue was severely damaged and there were obvious collagen fiber deposition. The Hyp content in lung tissue and levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in alveolar lavage fluid were significantly increased in the Model group (P<0.05). The expression levels of miR-33, the mRNA expression levels of TGF-β1, Collagen Ⅰ and Collagen Ⅲ and the protein expression levels of TGF-β1, p-Smad2/Smad2, p-Smad3/Smad3 and α-SMA in lung tissue were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with the Model group and the antagomir-NC group, the levels of p（O2） and OI were significantly increased in the antagomir group (P<0.05), lung tissue damage was significantly improved, and collagen fiber deposition was significantly decreased. The Hyp content in lung tissue and levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in alveolar lavage fluid were significantly decreased (P<0.05). The expression levels of miR-33, the mRNA expression levels of TGF-β1, Collagen Ⅰ, Collagen Ⅲ and the protein expression levels of TGF-β1, p-Smad2/Smad2, p-Smad3/Smad3 and α-SMA were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion The inhibition of miR-33 expression may improve pulmonary fibrosis in ARDS rats by inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of chronic unpredictable mild stress induced plasma exosomal miR-184-3p on proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells SU Xiaoxue, LI Jing, ZHAO Wei, LIU Linling, LIU Sujun, NONG Tengchuan, TAN Jiyong 2022, 50 (9):  927-931.  doi: 10.11958/20212816 Abstract ( 623 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (4650KB) ( 1891 )   Objective To investigate the role of psychological stressor plasma exosome miR-184-3p in regulating the proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells. Methods (1) Sixty male C57BL/6 mice aged 6 to 8 weeks were randomly divided into the control group and the psychological stress group, with 30 mice in each group. The model of 21 d chronic unpredictable psychological stress was used. Behavioral experiments (open field experiment, elevated cross maze experiment and forced swimming experiment) were used to evaluate the modeling effect. Plasma exosomes were extracted and analyzed by electron microscopy. The expression level of plasma exosome miR-184-3p was detected by qPCR. (2) Mouse lung microvascular endothelial cells (MPVEC) were cultured in vitro and transfected with plasma exosome of control mice (C-EXO group), plasma exosome of psychological stress group (S-EXO group), NC mimic and miR-184-3p mimic, respectively. Cell migration was analyzed by scratch test, and cell proliferation was analyzed by EdU staining. Results (1) Compared with the control group, the exploration behavior of mice in the psychological stress group was significantly decreased, and the immobility time was significantly increased (P<0.01). The structure of bilayer membrane vesicles with plasma exosomes diameter of 30-200 nm was verified by electron microscope analysis. qPCR confirmed that the expression level of miR-184-3p in plasma exosomes of mice in the psychological stress group was significantly increased (P<0.05). (2)The results of cell experiment showed that the migration and proliferation of the S-EXO group were lower than that of the C-EXO group (P<0.01). Meanwhile, the proliferation and migration of the miR-184-3P mimic group were decreased compared with the NC mimic group (P<0.05). Conclusion Chronic psychological stressor plasma exosomes can inhibit the proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells by mediating miR-184-3p. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of lncRNA MIAT on ventricular remodeling and myocardial fibrosis in rats with atrial fibrillation through targeting regulation of miR-128-3p XING Jianong, LIANG Zhuo, XING Aijun, LIU Junlan, PENG Hongchao, ZHANG Tianhua, ZHANG Chunlai 2022, 50 (9):  932-937.  doi: 10.11958/20220015 Abstract ( 575 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (944KB) ( 1871 )   Objective To investigate the effect of the conserved long non-coding RNA myocardial infarction associate transcript (lncRNA MIAT) targeting and regulating miR-128-3p on ventricular remodeling and myocardial fibrosis in atrial fibrillation (AF) in rats. Methods The calcium chloride-acetylcholine mixture was injected into the sublingual vein to induce AF rat models. The rat models were divided into five groups by random number table method: the model group, the lncRNA MIAT siRNA plasmid group (MIAT group), the miR-128-3p siRNA plasmid group (miR-128-3p group), the lncRNA MIAT siRNA plasmid + miR-128-3p siRNA plasmid group (MIAT+miR-128-3p group) and the empty plasmid group, with 12 rats in each group. Another 12 rats were given with the same dose of normal saline through sublingual vein and were used as the control group. After intervention, the atrial myocardial electrophysiological level of rats was detected, and the effective refractory period (ERP) and 90% action potential duration (APD90) were compared between groups. The left ventricular mass index was also measured in five groups of rats. Sirius red staining was used to detect the degree of myocardial tissue fibrosis in rats. The myocardial collagen volume fraction (CVF) was compared between groups. Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-18, IL-6 and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) were detected by kit. Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-128-3p in myocardial tissues in each group. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay was used to detect the targeted regulation effect of lncRNA MIAT on miR-128-3p. Results Compared with the control group, the ERP, APD90, and myocardial tissue miR-128-3p expression were significantly reduced in the model group (P<0.05), and the left ventricular mass index, CVF, serum IL-18, IL-6 and TGF-β1 levels were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group and the lncRNA MIAT siRNA plasmid+miR-128-3p siRNA plasmid group, the ERP, APD90, and myocardial tissue miR-128-3p expression were significantly increased in the lncRNA MIAT siRNA plasmid group (P<0.05), and the left ventricular mass index, CVF, serum IL-18, IL-6 and TGF-β1 levels were significantly reduced (P<0.05). The ERP, APD90 and myocardial tissue miR-128-3p expression were significantly decreased in the miR-128-3p siRNA plasmid group (P<0.05), and the left ventricular mass index, CVF, serum IL-18, IL-6 and TGF-β1 levels were significantly increased (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the indicators between the empty plasmid groups (P>0.05). LncRNA MIAT could down-regulate the expression of miR-128-3p by targeting. Conclusion LncRNA MIAT can participate in the pathogenesis of AF by targeting down-regulation of miR-128-3p expression. The down-regulation of lncRNA MIAT can inhibit inflammation by promoting miR-128-3p expression, reduce myocardial fibrosis in AF rats, improve the atrial myocardial electrophysiological level and delay the process of ventricular remodeling in rats. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect and mechanism of miR-301a on necrotizing enterocolitis in mice ZOU Dajun, HU Fude, ZHOU Qili, XU Xiaoqing 2022, 50 (9):  938-942.  doi: 10.11958/20220254 Abstract ( 559 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF (1296KB) ( 1912 )   Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of miR-301a on necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in mice. Methods Sixty newborn BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the control group, the NEC group and the antagonist group (miR-301a antagonist group), with 20 mice in each group. NEC model was established in the NEC group and the miR-301a antagonist group by artificial feeding, hypoxia and cold stimulation for 5 days. The miR-301a antagonist group was given miR-301a antagonist on the basis of the NEC group. During the experiment, the body mass of mice was recorded, the histopathological changes of intestinal tissues were observed by HE staining in each group, and the inflammatory damage in intestinal tissues was scored. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in each group. Apoptosis was measured by TUNEL method, and the protein expression levels of miR-301a and Caspase-1 were measured by qPCR and Western blot assay. Results Compared with the control group, mice in the NEC group showed reduced body mass, obvious inflammatory injury in intestinal tissue and increased intestinal tissue injury score. Serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 were increased, apoptosis index of intestinal tissues were increased and mRNA and protein expression levels of miR-301a and Caspase-1 were also increased (all P < 0.05). Compared with the NEC group, mice in the miR-301a antagonistic group showed significantly reduced NEC symptoms, significantly decreased inflammatory injury score and serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 in intestinal tissue, down-regulated apoptotic index of intestinal tissue and decreased expression levels of miR-301a and Caspase-1 (all P < 0.05). Conclusion miR-301a expression is increased in mouse NEC intestinal tissue, and downregulation of miR-301a could inhibit NEC progression in mice to a some extent. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of UTI on alleviating hypertension, proteinuria and inflammatory response in PE rats DONG Yan, CUI Jian, ZHANG Li, LANG Nan, WANG Jianbo, YU Zhiqiang 2022, 50 (9):  943-947.  doi: 10.11958/20220357 Abstract ( 577 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (743KB) ( 1929 )   Objective To explore the effectiveness and feasibility of ulinastatin (UTI) in the treatment of pre-eclampsia (PE) rats. Methods Fifty-six SD rats at 12 days of gestation (G12) were randomly divided into 4 groups: the control group (group C, intraperitoneal injection of normal saline), the PE group (intraperitoneal injection of L-NAME 200 mg/kg), the PE+U1 group (PE rats injected with UTI 5 000 IU·kg-1·d-1) and the PE+U2 group (PE rats injected with UTI 10 000 IU·kg-1·d-1). The systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured on G12, G13, G15, G17 and G19, and urinary protein in 24 hours was measured on G12 and G19. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), von Willebrand factor (vWF) and placental growth factor (PLGF) in plasma and placenta were measured on G20. Results Compared with the group C, the SBP and urinary protein levels were increased in the PE group, the PE+U1 group and the PE+U2 group. UTI decreased the SBP and urinary protein levels in PE rats, and the urinary protein level was lower in the PE+U2 group (P<0.05). Compared with the group C, TNF-α and IL-6 levels were increased in the PE group and the PE+U1 group, and only placental TNF-α level was increased in the PE+U2 group (P<0.05). UTI reduced TNF-α and IL-6 levels in PE rats. The plasma and placental levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and the placental IL-6 level were lower in the PE+U2 group (P<0.05). Compared with the group C, the PLGF levels were reduced, the vWF levels were increased in the PE group and the PE+U1 group, but the vWF levels were only increased in the PE+U2 group (P<0.05). UTI increased PLGF levels and reduced vWF levels in PE rats, and the levels of vWF were lower in the PE+U2 group (P<0.05). Conclusion UTI can effectively inhibit inflammatory response in plasma and placenta of PE rats, reduce vascular endothelial injury, and alleviate hypertension and proteinuria of PE rats. The therapeutic effect of 10 000 IU·kg-1·d-1 UTI is better than 5 000 IU·kg-1·d-1. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical Research

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Evaluation value of carotid ultrasound combined with serum HbA1c and FIB in acute anterior circulation cerebral infarction ZHU Yunlin, YIN Guangli, DAI Pingtao 2022, 50 (9):  948-952.  doi: 10.11958/20220168 Abstract ( 551 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF (781KB) ( 2124 )   Objective To investigate the application value of carotid ultrasound quantitative parameters combined with serum glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fibrinogen (FIB) in the assessment of acute anterior circulation cerebral infarction. Methods Ninety-three patients with acute anterior circulation cerebral infarction were collected as the cerebral infarction group, and 50 healthy individuals were used as the control group. The peak systolic flow velocity (PSV),end-diastolic flow velocity (EDV) and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) of internal carotid artery were measured by carotid ultrasound. Serum HbA1c and FIB levels were determined. The above-mentioned indicators in patients with cerebral infarction in different conditions were compared. The relationship between these indicators and cerebral infarction and its condition and these indicators alone or in combination in diagnosis and condition evaluation were analyzed. Results The PSV, EDV, IMT, serum HbA1c and FIB levels were significantly larger/higher in the cerebral infarction group than those of the control group (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the higher levels of EDV, IMT, HbA1c and FIB were risk factors for cerebral infarction (P<0.05). The area under the curve values and 95%CI of EDV, IMT, HbA1c, FIB alone and combined to diagnose cerebral infarction were 0.770 (0.683-0.857), 0.852 (0.788-0.917), 0.799 (0.717-0.880), 0.829 (0.762-0.896) and 0.970 (0.947-0.992). The IMT and FIB were significantly higher in the moderate group and the severe group than those in the mild group. The HbA1c was significantly higher in the severe group than that in the mild group and the moderate group, and the FIB was higher than that in the moderate group (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that PSV, IMT, HbA1c and FIB were positively correlated with the NIHSS score (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the higher IMT and FIB were risk factors for moderate and severe cerebral infarction. The area under the curve values and 95%CI of IMT, FIB alone and combined to diagnose moderate to severe cerebral infarction were 0.840 (0.758-0.923), 0.784 (0.687-0.880) and 0.882 (0.809-0.954). Conclusion Patients with anterior circulation cerebral infarction may be accompanied by changes in carotid artery ultrasound quantitative parameters and serum HbA1c and FIB levels. EDV, IMT, HbA1c and FIB are related to the occurrence of cerebral infarction, and IMT and FIB are related to the severity of cerebral infarction. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of influencing factors and predictive indicators of obstructive sleep apnea combined with obesity-related sleep hypoventilation WANG Le, CHEN Xing, LIANG Maoli, ZHANG Jing, WANG Yan, CHEN Baoyuan, CAO Jie 2022, 50 (9):  953-958.  doi: 10.11958/20212745 Abstract ( 500 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF (795KB) ( 1916 )   Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and related influencing factors of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) combined with obesity-related sleep hypoventilation (ORSH) and to identify indicators that can predict the OSA combined with ORSH population. Methods A total of 185 obese patients (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2) who were admitted to hospital due to snoring were selected. All patients underwent daytime awake arterial blood gas analysis, pulmonary function examination, polysomnography monitoring and percutaneous carbon dioxide monitoring at least 7 hours. According to the above examination results, patients were divided into the OSA group (n=109), the OSA combined with ORSH group (n=46) and the OSA combined with obesity hypopnea syndrome (OHS) group (n=30). The general clinical characteristics, pulmonary function, arterial blood gas and polysomnography monitoring indexes were compared and analyzed in the three groups. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the risk factors of OSA combined with ORSH. A model was established and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to analyze the prediction efficiency. Results Waist circumference, BMI and proportion of stroke patients were higher in the OSA combined with OHS group than those in the OSA group and the OSA combined with ORSH group, while the percentage of forced expiratory volume in the first second in the predicted value (FEV1%) and the percentage of forced vital capacity in the predicted value (FVC%) were significantly lower in the OSA combined with OHS group than those in the OSA group and the OSA combined with ORSH group (P<0.05). Arterial partial pressure of oxygen [p(O2)] was significantly lower in the OSA combined with OHS group than that in the OSA group, while arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide [p(CO2)] and bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) were significantly higher than those in the OSA group and the OSA combined with ORSH group (P<0.05). P(CO2) and HCO3- were significantly higher in the OSA combined with ORSH group than those in the OSA group (P<0.05). Compared with the OSA group, the Epworth sleepiness scale score (ESS) was higher in the OSA combined with OHS group, and the oxygen reduction index (ODI), apnea hypopnea index (AHI), micro-arousal index (MAI), apnea index (AI), mean apnea time (MAT), longest apnea time (LAT), the percentage of time with blood oxygen saturation less than 90% of the total time (T90) and the treatment proportion of bi-level positive airway pressure (BI-PAP) ventilation mode were increased in the OSA combined with ORSH group and the OSA combined with OHS group, while the minimum oxygen saturation (minSpO2) and mean blood oxygen saturation (meanSpO2) decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the OSA combined with ORSH group, the proportion of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment mode was decreased in the OSA combined with OHS group, and the proportion of BI-PAP ventilator treatment was increased (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that prolonged LAT and increased HCO3- were independent risk factors for OSA combined with ORSH. The area under the curve predicted by LAT and HCO3- was 0.784, the sensitivity was 0.913, and the specificity was 0.541. Conclusion The combined detection of LAT and HCO3- has a certain predictive value for OSA combined with ORSH. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation between jaundice and vitamin D and NADSYN1 gene polymorphism in full-term neonates LI Guoxu, WANG Ping, ZHOU Weiwei, CUI Xiaoyu, ZHANG Fang, SHU Jianbo, LIU Yang 2022, 50 (9):  959-964.  doi: 10.11958/20211522 Abstract ( 521 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF (753KB) ( 2053 )   Objective To study the relationship between full-term neonatal jaundice, vitamin D (VD) levels, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at rs12785878 of NADSYN1 gene. Methods The clinical data of 216 full-term infants with neonatal jaundice were retrospectively analyzed. The serum VD level was detected by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and a high-resolution melting curve (HRM) method was established to analyze the SNP of the NADSYN1 gene rs12785878 site. The infants were divided into groups according to whether they were older than 14 days, and the risk factors of hyperbilirubinemia were analyzed respectively. Results In infants ≤14 days, infection, cesarean and breast feeding were risk factors for hyperbilirubinemia. In infants >14 days, infection and hypoplasma protein were risk factors for hyperbilirubinemia. The established HRM analysis method of the rs12785878 site had a normal amplification reaction, and the genotypes of GG, GT and TT were well distinguished. The proportion of GG genotype and G allele was higher in the case group than that in the control group. In infants ≤14 days, the average VD value was higher in the TT genotype than that of the GG genotype [(12.61±5.23) μg/L vs. (9.62±4.24) μg/L, P<0.05]. Conclusion The GG genotype at rs12785878 of NADSYN1 gene is a risk factor for hyperbilirubinemia and low VD level in neonates ≤14 days old, which can be used as a new reference for the diagnosis and treatment of hyperbilirubinemia in full-term neonates. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The clinical significance of serum levels of Gal-1 and CRH in patients with endometriosis ZHU Jing, MAO Lijing 2022, 50 (9):  965-969.  doi: 10.11958/20220180 Abstract ( 542 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF (735KB) ( 1919 )   Objective To investigate the serum levels and their clinical significance of galectin-1 (Gal-1) and corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) in patients with endometriosis (EMS). Methods Ninety-three EMS patients were selected as the EMS group. At the same time, 90 healthy females of the same age for hospital examination were selected as the control group. The serum levels of Gal-1 and CRH were compared between the two groups. The correlation between the serum levels of Gal-1 and CRH and r-AFS stage was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis. ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum Gal-1 and CRH levels for infertility in EMS patients. Results The serum levels of Gal-1 and CRH were significantly higher in the EMS group than those in the control group (P<0.05). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that higher levels of Gal-1 and CRH were independent risk factors affecting the occurrence of EMS (P<0.05). With the development of r-AFS stage, the serum levels of Gal-1 and CRH gradually increased (P<0.05). The serum levels of Gal-1 and CRH were positively correlated with r-AFS stage (P<0.05). Compared with EMS patients without infertility, serum Gal-1 and CRH levels were increased in EMS patients with infertility (P<0.05). ROC curve showed that the AUC value of Gal-1 combined with CRH was significantly higher [0.836 (0.753-0.919)] than that of single Gal-1 [0.767 (0.673-0.862)] or CRH [0.753 (0.652-0.854)], and its sensitivity and specificity were 82.22% and 79.17%, respectively. Conclusion The serum levels of Gal-1 and CRH are elevated in EMS patients. The combined detection of the two indicators has good diagnostic efficacy for infertility in EMS patients, which is beneficial to the early clinical targeted treatment. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect of intrauterine infusion of danhong injection on pregnancy outcome of frozen-thawed embryo transfer in patients with thin endometrium DONG Rong, WANG Baojuan, MA Saihua, ZHANG Yu, QIU Yunhuan, XIA Tian 2022, 50 (9):  970-974.  doi: 10.11958/20220412 Abstract ( 642 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (726KB) ( 1920 )   Objective To investigate the effect of intrauterine infusion of danhong injection on the outcome of freeze-thawing embryo transfer (FET) in patients with thin endometrium caused by blood stagnation. Methods Sixty-six patients with infertility caused by thin endometrium and treated with FET were enrolled and randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group by random number table method, with 33 cases in each group. In the treatment group, follicular development was monitored from the day 8 to 10 of menstrual cycle, and danhong injection was used for intrauterine infusion every other day when the follicle diameter reached 14 mm to 18 mm. A total of 2-3 times of treatment were performed, while no intervention was given to the control group. After treatment, the endometrial thickness, endometrial blood flow type, live birth rate, positive rate of β-HCG, clinical pregnancy rate, ongoing pregnancy rate, early abortion rate, cycle cancellation rate and embryo implantation rate on human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) injection day were compared between the two groups. Results The live birth rate, positive rate of β-HCG and persistent pregnancy rate were significantly better in the treatment group than those in the control group, and the endometrial thickness and endometrial blood flow type on ovulation day were significantly better in the treatment group than those in the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in cycle cancellation rate, embryo implantation rate, early abortion rate and clinical pregnancy rate between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Intrauterine infusion of danhong injection can improve pregnancy outcome in patients with thin endometrium with good safety. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the relationship between IL-17, IL-12p70 and the severity and prognosis of patients with hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis LI Dongfeng, SUN Yun, LI Yalin, FU Yuru, LIU Cheng 2022, 50 (9):  975-979.  doi: 10.11958/20220540 Abstract ( 1446 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF (755KB) ( 2037 )   Objective To explore the relationship between interleukin 17 (IL-17), interleukin 12p70 (IL-12p70) and the severity and prognosis of hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis. Methods A total of 60 patients with hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis admitted to the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fuyang People's Hospital were selected and divided into the mild group (19 cases), the moderate group (27 cases) and the severe group (14 cases) according to the severity of the disease. Serum levels of IL-17 and IL-12p70 were compared between the three groups. The relationship between serum levels of IL-17 and IL-12p70 and the severity of the disease was analyzed. Patients were followed up for 28 days, and the prognosis was analyzed. The influencing factors of death in patients with hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of serum IL-17 and IL-12p70 levels for death in patients with hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis. Results Serum levels of IL-17 and IL-12p70 were increased sequentially in the mild group, the moderate group and the severe group (all P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that serum levels of IL-17 and IL-12p70 were positively correlated with disease severity (rs=0.429, 0.384, both P<0.01). Univariate analysis showed that there were no significant differences in gender, proportion of patients with diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease and age, serum procalcitonin (PCT), fasting blood glucose (Glu), total cholesterol (TC) and blood amylase (AMY) levels between the dead patients and the surviving patients (P>0.05). The severe proportion and serum C-reactive protein (CRP), triacylglycerol (TG), IL-17 and IL-12p70 levels were significantly higher in the dead patients than those of the surviving patients (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the elevated levels of IL-17 and IL-12p70 were independent risk factors for death in patients with hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis (P<0.05). ROC analysis showed that the best cut-off values of serum IL-17 and IL-12p70 levels for predicting death in patients with hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis were 331.17 ng/L and 24.60 ng/L, the sensitivity was 85.71% and 78.57%, the specificity was 71.74% and 76.09%, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.798 and 0.783, respectively. The combined sensitivity, specificity and AUC were 92.86%, 63.04% and 0.823, respectively. Conclusion Serum IL-17 and IL-12p70 levels are related to the severity and prognosis of hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis, and clinical detection of their levels has a certain predictive value in predicting the death of patients. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Applied Research

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Preliminary research of contrast enhanced ultrasound in evaluating the survival value of allotopic autotransplantation CHEN Dandan, WAN Yeda, HE Hui, LIU Yan 2022, 50 (9):  980-983.  doi: 10.11958/20220388 Abstract ( 882 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (827KB) ( 1946 )   Objective To investigate the value of contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in determining graft survival after parathyroidectomy and autologous parathyroid ectopic transplantation. Methods Seventeen patients with renal failure complicated by secondary hyperparathyroidism underwent autotransplantation of parathyroid gland were collected. In each case, 4 parathyroid tissues (68 in total) were transplanted between subcutaneous and adipose tissue of the forearm without venostomy. CEUS was performed 15-21 days after transplantation to observe the enhancement of blood supply of the graft and to estimate whether the parathyroid gland survived and had secretory function after transplantation. According to whether all the grafts showed enhancement, the grafts were divided into the partial successful group and the all successful group. The survival of the grafts was determined by comparing the parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels of bilateral cephalic veins 30 days after surgery. Results Among the 17 patients, there were 8 patients in the all successful group and 9 patients in the partial successful group. PTH levels were higher in the cephalic vein of the transplanted side than those of the non-transplanted side. The levels of PTH in the cephalic vein were significantly higher in the all successful group than those in the partial successful group (P<0.05). Conclusion CEUS can assess the survival rate of parathyroidectomy and autotransplantation more accurately and specifically at an earlier stage. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Drug Clinical Evaluations

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Clinical observation of preoperative intravenous administration of esketamine on sedation and induction compliance in preschool children WANG Junxia, HUANG Xin, WANG Linlin, HU Weidong, ZHANG Bin 2022, 50 (9):  984-987.  doi: 10.11958/20212781 Abstract ( 1075 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (715KB) ( 1954 )   Objective To explore the effect of preoperative intravenous administration of different doses of esketamine on sedation and anesthesia induction compliance in preschool children. Methods A total of 90 children scheduled for laparoscopic high ligation of hernia under general anesthesia were allocated, aged 1 to 6 years. The children were divided into the S1 group, the S2 group and the S3 group (according to different intravenous doses of esketamine 0.6 mg/kg, 0.8 mg/kg and 1.0 mg/kg respectively) by random number table method, with 30 patients in each group. The Ramsay sedation score of children were recorded before medication (T0), separating with parents 1 min after medication (T1) and anesthesia induction (T2). Induction Compliance Checklist (ICC) score and heart rate were also recorded. The adverse events during sedation and after recovery, and the recovery time were recorded. Results At T1 and T2, the Ramsay sedation score was better in the S2 group and the S3 group than that of the S1 group (P<0.05), and the Ramsay score of the S3 group was higher than that of the S2 group at T2 (P<0.05). The ICC score was lower in the S3 group than that of the S1 group and the S2 group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in ICC score between the S1 group and the S2 group (P>0.05). There were significant differences in ICC grades between the three groups (P<0.01). The proportion of children with perfect induction cooperation (ICC=0) was significantly higher in the S3 group than that in the S1 group and the S2 group, and the proportion of children with poor induction cooperation (ICC=4-10) was significantly lower in the S3 group than that in the S1 group and the S2 group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the incidence of adverse events and recovery time between the three groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Preoperative intravenous administration of esketamine 0.8 mg/kg and 1.0 mg/kg can improve the sedation effect of preschool children, but the sedation effect and induction compliance is superior with 1.0 mg/kg anesthesia induction. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect observation of Huoxue Huayu Decoction combined with methotrexate on ectopic pregnancy JIA Zijuan, QIN Zhijuan, LIU Shuangyu, LI Ran, GAO Qian, SONG Liqin, WANG Lifang, LI Ruixia 2022, 50 (9):  988-992.  doi: 10.11958/20212481 Abstract ( 437 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (827KB) ( 1955 )   Objective To explore and analyze the effect of Huoxue Huayu Decoction combined with methotrexate in the treatment of ectopic pregnancy and its effect on the level of peripheral blood miR-323-3p. Methods A total of 106 patients with ectopic pregnancy were selected and divided into the observation group (n=54) and the control group (n=52) according to the random number table method. The control group was given methotrexate combined with mifetil. The observation group was additionally treated with Huoxue Huayu Decoction on the basis of the treatment of the control group. The recovery time of blood -human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) level, the time of mass absorption, the complete patency rate of fallopian tubes after treatment and changes of serum VEGF and miR-323-3p were compared between the two groups. Results Compared with the control group, the success rate of conservative treatment was increased in the observation group (92.59% vs. 78.85%), and the time for blood β-HCG to return to normal and the time for mass absorption were shortened (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the complete patency rate of the affected fallopian tube increased significantly after 3 months of treatment in the observation group (52.00% vs. 29.27%, P<0.05). Compared with before treatment, the relative expressions of serum VEGF and mir-323-3p decreased significantly 1 month after treatment in the two groups (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the relative expressions of serum VEGF and miR-323-3p and adverse reactions decreased significantly 1 month after treatment in the observation group (P<0.05). Conclusion Huoxue Huayu Decoction combined with methotrexate can effectively improve the success rate of conservative treatment for patients with ectopic pregnancy, which helps the absorption of mass after treatment and patency of fallopian tubes, and can effectively reduce serum levels of VEGF and miR-323-3p in patients, indicating high drug safety. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Efficacy and safety of low-dose sacubitril/valsartan in patients with heart failure and stage 1-3 chronic kidney disease HUANG Pengfei, LU Chengzhi 2022, 50 (9):  993-997.  doi: 10.11958/20212073 Abstract ( 755 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (728KB) ( 2021 )   Objective To analyze the efficacy and safety of low-dose sacubitril/valsartan in the treatment of patients with heart failure complicated with stage 1-3 chronic kidney disease. Methods A total of 72 patients with heart failure and stage 1-3 chronic kidney disease were randomly divided into the two groups. On the basis of conventional anti-heart failure therapy, patients were treated with sacubitril/valsartan 50 mg twice a day. After 1 to 2 weeks, the dosage of the one group was increased to 100 mg twice a day. According to the actual maintenance dose, patients were finally divided into the three groups: the incremental group (100 mg twice a day, 25 cases), the dose maintenance group (50 mg twice a day, 35 cases) and the dose reduction group (25 mg twice a day, 12 cases). The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), NYHA heart function classification, serum creatinine (Scr), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and adverse cardiovascular events were compared before and after treatment between the three groups. Results Compared with before treatment, LVEF increased and NT-proBNP decreased after treatment in the 3 groups (P<0.05). LVEF was higher in the increment group than that in the decrement group and the maintenance group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the improvement of NT-proBNP and NYHA cardiac function grading between the 3 groups (P>0.05). Compared with before treatment, the Scr level decreased and eGFR level increased after treatment in the increment group and the maintenance group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in Scr and eGFR levels before treatment in the decrement group (P>0.05). Compared with before treatment, SBP and DBP decreased after treatment in the 3 groups. DBP was higher in the maintenance group than that in the decrement group and the increment group (P<0.05). None of the patients presented hypotension, severe renal impairment, hyperkalemia and angioedema, and no death occurred. Conclusion Low-dose sacubitril/valsartan is safe and effective in the treatment of patients with heart failure complicated with stage 1-3 chronic kidney disease. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Review

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Research progress of inhaled anti-tuberculous drugs in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis YE Jing, YU Hongzhi, SHAO Hongxia, WU Junping 2022, 50 (9):  998-1001.  doi: 10.11958/20212611 Abstract ( 814 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF (707KB) ( 1922 )   Inhalation of antituberculous drugs in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis has achieved good results in patients with bronchial tuberculosis. However, the diameter of atomized drug particles is too large and the drug distribution is uneven, so that it can not be used for patients with alveolar tissue tuberculosis. In recent years, with the in-depth development of follow-up drug carriers, it is possible to apply antituberculous drugs to patients with alveolar tissue tuberculosis by inhalation, which have good safety and effectiveness. This paper reviews the research progress of inhaled antituberculous drugs in the treatment of alveolar tissue tuberculosis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress in anti-inflammatory activity of insect antimicrobial peptides and anti-inflammatory mechanism based on signal pathway CUI Huicheng, XIA Qiang 2022, 50 (9):  1002-1008.  doi: 10.11958/20212862 Abstract ( 561 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF (752KB) ( 1956 )   Insect antimicrobial peptides are the general name of immune active substances produced by insects to resist the infection of external pathogenic microorganisms. Their excellent anti-inflammatory activity makes them have broad application prospects. In this paper, the anti-inflammatory activities and their possible signaling pathways of different insect antimicrobial peptides were reviewed, and the current status of clinical research on insect antimicrobial peptides was introduced, in order to provide references for the application of insect antimicrobial peptides. References | Related Articles | Metrics