Rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome, in which muscle cell rupture and its contents are released into blood by a variety of factors, causing tissue and organ damage. The most common complication is acute kidney injury, and other complications include liver injury, compartment syndrome, electrolyte imbalance and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Currently, the general treatments are fluid resuscitation and alkalization of urine. Hemodialysis can be used in the presence of acute renal failure, hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis. New therapeutic strategies include biological agents and stem cell therapy, but most of them are based on the basic research, and the final clinical efficacy remains to be seen. Therefore, clarifying the pathogenesis of its complications and formulating effective treatment plans may be urgent problems to be solved in the future. This article reviews the latest advances in complications and treatment strategies of rhabdomyolysis.
