Table of Content

15 July 2014, Volume 42 Issue 7 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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临床研究
细胞与分子生物学
实验研究
临床研究
新技术交流
应用研究
药物临床观察
康复医学
流行病学调查
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临床研究

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Relationship between Thyroid Hormones and the Nature of Thyroid Nodules 2014, 42 (7):  0-0 .  Abstract ( 885 )   PDF (273KB) ( 2765 )   [Abstract] Objective To detect serum levels of thyroid hormones in patients with thyroid nodules (TN), and investi? gate their relationship with the nature of TN.Methods A total of245patients with TN were recruited in the study. Accord? ing to levels of thyroid antibodies and postoperative pathological results, all patients were divided into nodular goiter (NG) group, thyroid adenoma (TA) group and thyroid cancer (TC) group. TC group was further classified as the TC with increased level of thyroid antibodies (TC-AB + group) and the TC with normal level of thyroid antibodies (TC-AB group). The serum levels of free T3(FT3), free T4(FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were detected for all patients before operation, and differences of thyroid hormones were analyzed between different groups.Results The serum level of TSH was signifi? cantly higher in TC group than that of NG group and TA group (P＜0.05). The serum level of FT3was significantly lower in TC-AB + group than that of NG group and TC-AB group. The serum level of FT4was significantly lower in TC-AB + group than that of NG group, and the serum TSH level was significantly higher than that of other groups (P＜0.05). Conclusion The increased serum levels of TSH were found in some patients with TC, which may partly attribute to their coexistence with autoimmune thyroiditis and subsequent hypothyroidism. The increased serum TSH level may not be the inherent characteris? tics of TC. Related Articles | Metrics

细胞与分子生物学

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Analysis of Cellular Stress Response in Two AUG of Human SND1 Gene 2014, 42 (7):  625-629 .  Abstract ( 486 )   PDF (563KB) ( 2738 )   [Abstract] Objective To construct eukaryotic Flag (DYKDDDDK) expressing recombinant plasmids, pCMV- N Flag-SND1-No1/2, which contain the coding sequence of human SND1-No1（from 1 st AUG）orSND1-No2(from 2 nd AUG), and perform the cellular localization analysis of Flag-tagged SND1-No1/2under stress condition to study the function of the two AUG in the SND1containing stress granules formation.Methods The gene fragments ofSND1-No1/2were amplified by PCR from the wholeSND1transcript and inserted into pCMV-N-Flag expressing vector through BamHI/EcoRI double en? zyme digestion and T4DNA Ligase connection. The recombinant pCMV-N-Flag-SND1-No1/2plasmids were transfected in? to HeLa cells and the expression of Flag-SND1-No1/2fusion proteins was examined by Western blotting assay. Immunofluo? rescence assay was performed to detect the co-localization of Flag-SND1-No1/2with endogenous SND1granule.Results The pCMV-N-Flag-SND1-No1/2were sequenced and digested correctly by restriction single/double enzyme. The Flag tagged SND1- No1/2fusion proteins were also detected in transfected HeLa cell by Western blotting assay. Both of them showed the co- localization with endogenous SND1 granule. Conclusion The recombinant eukaryotic plasmids of pCMV-N-Flag-SND1-No1/2were constructed successfully and expressed effectively. The depletion of1 st AUG failed to af? fect the formation of SND1containing stress granules. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Effects of Autophagy Inhibitor on Activation of Alcohol induced Hepatic Stellate Cells 2014, 42 (7):  630-633 .  Abstract ( 570 )   PDF (357KB) ( 2691 )   [Abstract] Objective To observe the effect of autophagy inhibitor on the activation of alcohol induced hepatic stel? late cells, and the mechanisms thereof. Methods HSC-T6cells were cultured in vitro and divided into four groups, includ? ing blank control group, alcohol group, 5mmol/L3-MA+alcohol group (low alcohol group) and10mmol/L3-MA+alcohol group (high alcohol group). RT-PCR was used to detect the expression levels ofα-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and typeⅠ collagen. The levels of LC3Ⅱ, α-SMA and typeⅠcollagen were detected by Western blot assay. The cell viability of HSC T6was detected by MTT assay.Results The mRNA expressions ofα-SMA, typeⅠcollagen and the protein of expressions α-SMA, typeⅠcollagen and LC3Ⅱwere significantly up-regulated in alcohol group compared with those of control group (P<0.05), while the expressions of those parameters were significantly down- regulated in 10mmol/L3-MA+alcohol group (P<0.01). The mRNA and protein levels of α-SMA and typeⅠcollagen were significantly decreased in two3-MA-treated groups compared with those in alcohol group (P<0.05). Meanwhile, compared with the 5mmol/L3-MA+ alcohol group，the protein expressions ofα-SMA, typeⅠcollagen and LC3Ⅱwere significantly decreased in10mmol/L3-MA+alcohol group (P<0.05). Compared with the alcohol group，there was significantly lower proliferation activity in all two 3-MA-treated groups (P<0.05). Conclusion 3-MA can inhibit the protein expression of LC3Ⅱ, α-SMA and typeⅠcollagen induced by alcohol in HSC-T6cells, and inhibit the proliferation of HSC cells. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Clinical Value of Chlamydia Phage Vp2 Protein 2014, 42 (7):  634-637 .  Abstract ( 514 )   PDF (523KB) ( 2866 )   [Abstract] Objective To evaluate the effect of chlamydiaphage virus protein2(Vp2) on the recombinant virus and virus screening research, and it clinical value thereof.Methods To compare the Vp2protein sequences to get the conserva? tive region with COBALT. A phylogenetic tree was built with ProteinBlast of Distance tree. The amino acid sequence in the high conservative region was predicted by the methods of Gamier-Robson and Chou-Fasman, and its flexibe regions were predicted by Karplus method. The hydrophilicity plot was predicted by Kyte-Doolittle and Hopp-Woods method. The sur? face probability was analysed by Emini, and the antigenic index was analysed by Jameson-Wolf method. Results The six Chlamydiaphage Vp2proteins were the highly conserved sequences. There were obvious differences between Chp1Vp2and other5Vp2proteins. There were the main structure-alpha helix and some cell epitopes in the high conserved region.Con? clusion Vp2protein is the important component of chlamydia phage capsid with the conservative nature. Vp2protein has complicated structures and high conservative region with strong immunogenicity, playing a practical value of research in vi? rus recombinantment and screening the wild strains of chlaymdia trachomatis phage. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Cisplatin on Proliferation and Invasion of Colorectal Cancer Cells 2014, 42 (7):  638-640 .  Abstract ( 562 )   PDF (295KB) ( 2630 )   [Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of cisplatin on proliferation and invasion of colorectal cancer cell line SW480. Methods SW480cells were used as the research object, and untreated SW480cells were used as the control group. Different concentrations of cisplatin was given at different times to intervene. The MTT, Transwell chamber and phos? phate determination methods were used to detect proliferation, invasion and Na + - K + - ATPase activity expression level in SW480cells.Results The physiological concentration of cisplatin (70µmol/L) inhibited the proliferation of SW480cells at 48h. There was no significant difference in the inhibition rate at48h compared with72h and96h. Treatment with70 µmol/L cisplatin for48h reduced the number of cells through Matrigel membrane matrix. The Na + -K + -ATPase activity was significantly increased in 35, 70and140µmol/L cells after treatment with17.5, 35, 70and140µmol/L of cisplatin in SW480cells for48h, and Na + -K + -ATPase reached the highest level at70µmol/L of cisplatin.Conclusion The decreased activity of Na + -K + -ATPase may lead to the attenuation in proliferation and invasion of colorectal cancer cells, which may be associated with cisplatin resistance in colorectal cancer cell SW480. Related Articles | Metrics

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Apoptotic Effects of MicroRNA-1on Hypoxemic Cardiomyocytes 2014, 42 (7):  641-644 .  Abstract ( 495 )   PDF (475KB) ( 2836 )   [Abstract] Objective To investigate the apoptotic effect of microRNA-1(miR-1) on hypoxemic cardiomyocytes. Methods The cultured H9C2cells were divided into5groups: normal control group, negative control group, H2O2group, miR-1group and H2O2+miR-1group. After verified the success of transfection by real time PCR, MTT and flow cytometry methods were used to test the cell vitality and apoptotic rate, while the mRNA and protein expression level of Bcl-2were de? tected by real time PCR and Western blot methods. Results Compared with normal control group, there were no significant differences in all indexes in negative control group. The application of H2O2 and miR-1respectively or together significantly increased the miR-1level and apoptotic rate, and reduced the cell vitality and Bcl-2expression level.Conclusion mi? croRNA-1can induce cardiomyocyte apoptosis by downregulating anti-apoptosis factor Bcl-2. Related Articles | Metrics

实验研究

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Mechanism for Protective Effects of Selective Mitochondrial Fission Inhibitor on Neurons after Acute Spinal Cord Injury in Rats 2014, 42 (7):  645-649 .  Abstract ( 820 )   PDF (643KB) ( 2705 )   [Abstract] Objective To detect the effects of the selective mitochondrial fission inhibitor-Mdivi-1on the malondi? alolehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) as well as cytochrome C (Cyt- C) in neuronal mitochondria and neuronal apoptosis. Methods Thirty-six adult female SD rats (250-300g) were randomly divided into3groups (n=12): sham operation (Sham) group, single spinal cord injury (SCI) group and Mdivi-1pretreatment (1.20mg/kg, Mdivi-1) group. In sham group, the rats’ spinal cord was exposed, but no hit. The rat model of spinal cord injury was established by Allen’s method in SCI group and Mdivi-1group. In Mdivi-1group, rats were given Mdivi-1through the tail vein 15min before spinal cord injury, and SCI group received the same amount of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Rats in Sham group were sacrificed8h after exposing spinal cord. Rats in SCI group and Mdivi-1group were sacrificed at8h after the spinal cord injury, then were removed the spinal cord T9-11. The contents of MDA and GSH in mitochondria of spinal cord tissues were detected with spectrophotometer. The expressions of Cyt- C protein in the mitochondria and cytoplasm were detected by Western blot assay. The neuronal apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL staining.Results Compared with Sham group, levels of Cyt-C and GSH in mitochondria were decreased significantly (P<0.01), while levels of MDA in mitochondria, Cyt-C in cytoplasm and the neuronal apopto? sis were increased significantly in SCI group (P<0.01). Compared with SCI group, Cyt-C and GSH levels in mitochondria were increased significantly in Mdivi-1group (P<0.01), however, MDA in mitochondria，Cyt-C in cytoplasm and the neuro? nal apoptosis were significantly reduced (P<0.01). Conclusion Mdivi-1can relieve neurons from mitochondrial oxidative damage, inhibit the release of cytochrome C and neuronal apoptosis after acute spinal cord injury, which plays a role in pro? moting the recovery of spinal cord function. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Effects ofβ-Sheet Breaker Peptide H102on ERK Signal Transduction Pathway in Brain of PAP Double Transgenic Mice 2014, 42 (7):  650-653 .  Abstract ( 564 )   PDF (381KB) ( 2986 )   [Abstract] Objective To investigate the activation ofβ-sheet breaker peptide H102on ERK signal transduction pathway in brain of PAP double transgenic mice.Methods PAP double transgenic mice were randomly divided into model group and H102treatment group (n=10for each group). A group of C57BL/6J mice with the same genetic background was served as controls. H102(5.8mg/kg)5µL was infused by intranasal administration to mice in H102treatment group, and equal volume of blank solution of H102(chitosan, BSA) was given to mice in control group and model group. The ability of spatial reference memory was tested by Morris water maze after30days of treatment. Then immunohistochemistry tests and Western blot technique were used to detect the content of RAS, P-MEK and P-ERK proteins in mouse brain.Results (1) The ability of learning and memory was significantly lower in model group than that of control group. The ability of learning and memory was significantly improved in treatment group than that in model group (P<0.05). (2) The contents of RAS, P MEK and P-ERK in mouse brain were significantly lower in model group than those of control group, and these protein ex? pressions were significantly increased in treatment group than those in model group (P<0.01).Conclusion β-sheet break? er peptide H102can activate ERK signal transduction pathway in brain of PAP double transgenic mice, increase PAS, P MEK and P-ERK levels in nerve cells, and improve the ability of learning and memory in PAP mice. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Effects of14-3-3Phosphorylation Induced by JNK on Ischemic Brain Injury in Rats 2014, 42 (7):  654-656 .  Abstract ( 501 )   PDF (413KB) ( 2703 )   Objective: Investigate the important effects of 14-3-3 phosphorylation induced by JNK on ischemic brain injury in rats. Methods: Reproduced the four-vessel occlusion model of cerebral ischemia in rats. 14-3-3 phosphorylation, the binding of 14-3-3 and Bad, protein expression of Bax in cytoplasm and mitochondria in hippocampal CA1 region were detected by immunoprecipitation (IP) and immunoblotting (IB) 12 hour after ischemia reperfusion. Results: Compared with the sham operation group, SP600125, an inhibitor of JNK, inhibited 14-3-3 phosphorylation, promoted the binding of 14-3-3 and Bad, lessened the expression of Bax in mitochondria in hippocampal CA1 region. Conclusion: 14-3-3 phosphorylation induced by JNK played important effects on ischemic brain injury in rats, which provided a new idea for clinical control of human ischemic stroke. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expressions of CaSR and Claudin-14in Renal Calcium Oxalate Stone Model of Rats 2014, 42 (7):  657-660 .  Abstract ( 544 )   PDF (656KB) ( 2694 )   [Abstract] Objective To investigate the expressions of calcium sensitive receptor (CaSR) and tight junction protein (Claudin)-14in renal calcium oxalate stone rat model. Methods Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into control group (n=15) and model group (n=15). The rat model of renal calcium oxalate stone was established by gavaging 1% glycol (2 mL/d) and2% ammonium chloride. The expression of CaSR protein was detected using immunohistochemical assay. RT PCR was used to detect the Claudin-14mRNA expression. The expression levels of CaSR and Claudin-14protein were de? tected by Western blot assay respectively. The full automatic biochemical analyzer was used to detect rat renal function and changes of blood and urine biochemical indices.Results A large stone crystallization was observed under light microscope in model group. The serum levels of Cr, BUN, 24-h urine calcium and urine volume were significantly higher in model group than those of control group (P＜0.01). There were no significant differences in serum calcium level and urinary pH value be? tween two groups. The expression levels of Claudin-14mRNA and CaSR protein were significantly higher in model group than those of control group (P＜0.01). The Claudin-14protein expression was specifically higher in renal tissues of model group. There was no Claudin-14protein expression in control group. There was a positive correlation between CaSR and Claudin-14protein expression in renal tissues of model group. Also, CaSR and Claudin-14protein expressions were posi? tively correlated with the 24-h urine volume.Conclusion The increased expressions of CaSR and Claudin-14involved in the formation of kidney stone by increasing the urinary calcium excretion. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Influence of Erythropoietin in Renal Blood Flow after Limb Ischemia Reperfusion in Rats 2014, 42 (7):  661-663 .  Abstract ( 494 )   PDF (450KB) ( 2680 )   [Abstract] Objective To investigate the influence and mechanism of erythropoietin (EPO) in renal blood flow after limb ischemia reperfusion (LIR). Methods Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, LIR group and EPO+LIR group with ten in each group. The values of renal blood flow, plasma creatinine (Cr), urea nitrogen (BUN) content in plasma, kidney tissue wet to dry ratio (W/D), nitric oxide (NO), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and endothelin -1(ET-1) in re? nal tissue were detected in three groups. The immunohistochemistry assay was used to detect the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) in renal tissue. The morphological changes of renal tissue were observed with light microscope. Results The renal blood flow was significantly decreased, while the val? ues of Cr, BUN, W/D, NO, ET-1, NOS, expressions of ICAM-1and VCAM-1was significantly increased in LIR group than those of control group (P<0.05). Broaden interstitial and infiltration of inflammatory cells were observed in the renal tissue under light microscope. In the EPO+LIR group, the renal blood flow increased, the values of Cr, BUN, W/D, NO, ET-1and NOS, expressions of ICAM-1and VCAM-1decreased significantly compared with those of LIR group (P<0.05). The patho? logical changes were alleviated in EPO+LIR group. Conclusion EPO can improve renal function, increase renal blood flow in rats after LIR. The mechanism may be related to the decreased edema, changed renal vasomotor function and decreased in? flammation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Pathology and Neurotransmitters of Esophageal Sphincter after Radiofrequency Thermocoagulation in Dogs 2014, 42 (7):  664-666 .  Abstract ( 537 )   PDF (330KB) ( 2742 )   abstract:Objective To investigate the pathological and the expression of choline acetyltransferase(ChAT),vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP),nitric oxide synthase(NOS) at lower esophageal sphincter(LES) against family dogs,which were operated on radiofrequency thermocoagulation(RFT).Methods A total of 15 dogs were randomly divided into three groups,Sham group:only underwent gastroscopy and feeding 3 months(n=5);RFT+24h group:feeding 24 hours after RFT(n=5);RFT+3m group:feeding 3 months after RFT(n=5). Observed the pathological of LES at 3 groups after HE staining,and the expression of ChAT, VIP and NOS by immunohistochemical method between Sham group and RFT+3m group.Results Sham group showed close to the normal tissue,RFT+24h group showed active inflammatory reaction and structural damage,RFT+3m group showed chronic inflammatory reaction and remodeling;Immunohistochemistry showed RFT+3m group compare with Sham group,ChAT were significantly increased,VIP,NOS were significantly decreased(all P<0.01).Conclusion After dogs operated by RFT,the thickness and pressure of LES were increasing，and expression of neurotransmitters in local tissue was changing. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Doxycycline on Tumor Growth and Metastasis in Breast Cancer Xenografts in Mice 2014, 42 (7):  667-669 .  Abstract ( 569 )   PDF (353KB) ( 2717 )   [Abstract] Objective To investigate the effects of doxycycline on the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metaloproteinase-1(TIMP-1) in breast cancer lung metastasis model mice (BCML-TAⅡ 99), and the mechanism thereof. Methods The BCML-TAⅡ99mouse model was established. The immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the expressions of MMP-9and TIMP-1in BCML- TAⅡ99model mice and controls． Results The metastasis rate was significantly lower in treatment group than that of control group. The expression of MMP-9 was significantly reduced, but the expression of TIMP-1was significantly increased, in treatment group compared with those of control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Doxycycline can inhibit tumor growth and metastasis in breast cancer with1ung metastasis model mice by regulating MMP-9and TIMP-1expressions． Related Articles | Metrics

临床研究

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Correlation Analysis between Expressions of p53, bcl-2and caspase-3 in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer 2014, 42 (7):  670-673 .  Abstract ( 453 )   PDF (576KB) ( 2878 )   [Abstract] Objective To investigate the expressions of p53, bcl-2and caspase-3in elderly patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the clinical significance thereof.Methods The clinical data and paraffin tissue samples of117patients with NSCLC confirmed by postoperative pathology were collected. The expressions of p53, bcl-2and caspase-3protein in tissues of NSCLC were detected by immunohistochemical method. The correlation between the expres? sions of p53, bcl-2and caspase-3protein was analyzed, and the relationship between the expressions of p53, bcl-2and cas? pase-3protein and clinicopathological characteristics was explored.Results The positive expression rates of p53, bcl-2 and caspase-3were42.74% (50/117), 38.46% (45/117) and 36.75%(43/117) in tissue samples of NSCLC. The positive ex? pression rate of p53was significantly higher in patients with poor differentiation, central type, lymph node metastasis and squamous carcinoma. The positive expression rate of bcl-2was significantly higher in patients with high differentiation and lymph node metastasis. The positive expression rate of caspase-3was significantly higher in patients with high differentia? tion and no lymph node metastasis. There was a positive correlation between expressions of bcl-2and caspase-3in NSCLC (r=0.262, P=0.003). Conclusion The expressions of p53, bcl-2and caspase-3may play important roles in development and progression of advanced NSCLC in elderly patients, which may serve as predicators for prognosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation between Serum Level of Neuron Specific Enolase and Brain Damage in Patients with Ischemic Stroke 2014, 42 (7):  674-676 .  Abstract ( 561 )   PDF (305KB) ( 2778 )   [Abstract] Objective To investigate the relationship between serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) level and the severity of brain injury in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods A total of100patients with acuteischemic stroke classified as total anterior circulation infarct (TACI), partial anterior circulation infarct (PACI), posterior circalation infarc (POCI) and lacunar infarct (LACI) were included in this study. The serum levels of NSE were detected and cerebral infarc tion volumes were measured using32-bit OsiriX imaging software. The correlation between serum level of NSE, cerebral in farction volume and subtypes of ischemic stroke was analyzed. Results Patients were divided into NSE≤11.46μg/L group and NSE>11.46μg/L group. The scores of NIHSS［6.0(4.0, 10.0) vs4.0(2.0, 6.0)］were higher, the infarction volumes［4.3 (1.3, 15.9) cm 3 vs0.8(0.4,4.3) cm 3］were larger in NSE>11.46μg/L group (P<0.05). The serum NSE level showed statistical ly significant difference between TACI and other groups (P<0.01). The increased serum NSE level was correlated with in creased infarction volume (rs=0.417，P<0.01). There was a linear regression between serum NSE level and infarction vol ume. Its linear regression equation was =2.438+0.100X(X: infarction volume; Y: serum NSE level). ConclusionThe se rum NSE level may be helpful for the prediction of the severity of brain injured in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Correlation Analysis between C-Peptide Level and Autonomic Neuropathy in Type2Diabetic Patients 2014, 42 (7):  677-679 .  Abstract ( 654 )   PDF (270KB) ( 2763 )   [Abstract] Objective Todiscuss the correlation between C- peptide level and autonomic neuropathy in diabetic foot in patients with type 2diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods The levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG),2h postprandial blood glucose (2h-PG) and fasting C-peptide (FC-P) were detected in124T2DM patients. The Neuropad was used to test functions of sudomotor nerves in foot. Patients were divided into two groups: diabetic autonomic neuropathy (DAN) group and non-autonomic neuropathy group (NDAN) according to the results of functions of sudomotor nerves in foot. Values of gender, age, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, FBG,2h-PG and FC-P were compared between the two groups. The Pearson correlation analysis was carried out between the indexes mentioned above and the time for completing color change of Neuro? pad.Results There were no significant differences in gender, age, FBG and2h-PG between two groups (P>0.05). The FC- P level was (1.07±0.75)nmol/L in DAN group, which was significantly lower than that in NDAN group (1.43±1.00) nmol/L (P>0.05). The time for completing color change of Neuropad was negatively correlated with C- peptide. Conclu? sion Theautonomic nerve functions in diabetic foot is closely related with C-peptide. It is inferred that C-peptide may have protective effect on autonomic nerves in diabetic foot. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression and Significance of Neural Cadherin in Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma 2014, 42 (7):  680-682 .  Abstract ( 676 )   PDF (463KB) ( 2730 )   [Abstract] Objective To explore the expression and the clinical significance of neural cadherin (N- cadherin) in perihilar cholangiocarcinoma.Methods The expression of N- cadherin was detected by immunohistochemical method in 26patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma and5samples of normal bile duct tissues. The expression of N-cadherin was also compared by Western blotting assay between perihilar cholangiocarcinoma and paraneoplastic tissues.Results The im? munohistochemical results showed that positive expression of N-cadherin was observed in14of26patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma and in6of26paraneoplastic samples (53.84%vs23.08%,P<0.05). There was 0N-cadherin expres? sion in normal bile duct tissues. The positive rate of N-cadherin expression was higher in low differentiated group than that in middle and well differentiated groups. The result of Western blotting assay showed that N-cadherin expression was signifi? cantly higher in perihilar cholangiocarcinoma than that in the paraneoplastic tissues (0.88±0.12vs0.43±0.09, P<0.05) Conclusion N-cadherin may be involved in the occurrence and development of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma. Related Articles | Metrics

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Changes of biochemical markers of bone turnover in patients with Graves' disease 2014, 42 (7):  683-686 .  Abstract ( 667 )   PDF (286KB) ( 2685 )   [Abstract] Objective To observe the serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), parathy? roid hormone (PTH) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and the influence of biochemical markers of bone turnover in Graves' dis? ease. Methods Sixty-two patients with Graves’disease were enrolled into the Graves’disease group and91healthy indi? viduals as a control group. Electrochemical luminescence was used to evaluate the plasma levels of PTH and25-hydroxyvita? min D in two groups. The serum levels of calcium, phosphorus and ALP were measured with biochemistry methods in two groups.Results The serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, ALP and25-hydroxyvitamin D were significantly higher in the Graves’disease group compared with those in control group (P<0.01). The serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, ALP and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were significantly higher in female patients than those of control group, and the level of PTH was lower than that of control group. For male patients, the levels of ALP and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were higher than those of control group, and the level of PTH was lower than that of control group. In Graves’disease group, patients with vitamin D deficien? cy were17cases (27.4%), insufficiency20cases (32.3%) and sufficiency25cases (40.3%), respectively. In control group, there were54cases with vitamin D deficiency (59.3%),31cases with insufficiency vitamin D (34.1%) and6cases with suffi? ciency vitamin D (6.6%), respectively. There was no correlation in plasma levels of PTH,25-hydroxyvitamin D, serum calci? um and serum phosphorus in Graves’disease group.Conclusion The bone turnover is accelerated in Graves’disease. The increased plasma level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D is related with increased calcium level and decreased PTH level in Graves’ disease. The increased serum phosphorus reduces1-α-hydroxylase activity. Vitamin D deficiency plays a minor role in bone metabolism of Graves’disease. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Different Mechanical Ventilation Parameters on Intra-Abdominal Pressure in COPD Patients 2014, 42 (7):  690-692 .  Abstract ( 502 )   PDF (280KB) ( 2847 )   [Abstract] Objective To discuss the effect on intra-abdominal pressure by different mechanical ventilation parameters. Methods 42 cases with mechanical ventilation suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and respiratory failure were selected for observing the effects on intra-abdominal pressure by changing Tplat, Tis and peep. Results Compared with Tplat and Tis, the change of peep has much more effect on intra-abdominal pressure, both in SIMV and PSV. Conclusion The alteration of peep has a great influence on intra-abdominal pressure ,which increases the importance of selecting proper mechanical ventilation parameters. Related Articles | Metrics

新技术交流

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PCR-HRM Analysis for Gene Mutation Screening in a Child with Osteogenesis Imperfecta 2014, 42 (7):  693-696 .  Abstract ( 654 )   PDF (567KB) ( 3003 )   [Abstract] Objective To investigate COL1A1gene mutation by PCR-high resolution melting (PCR-HRM) and an? alyze the correlation between genotype and clinical phenotype in a child (proband) with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI).Meth? ods The family history of OI pedigree along with the clinical data was collected. Blood samples from the proband and his family members, as well as 50normal controls, were collected. The mutation of COL1A1gene was screened using PCR HRM and validated by the gene sequence.Results The detection of PCR-HRM showed the abnormal result of COL1A1 17exon in proband with a lower melting temperature (Tm) value than that of normal controls by0.4℃. There were signifi? cant differences in the standardization melting curve and the different melting curve between the proband and the normal controls. The sequencing result was c.1138G>A, which meant that cDNA of1138base G mutation into A. The mutations transformed the amino acid glycine into a serine at amino acid380（P. Gly380Ser), which resulted in missense mutations. The proband’s father and grandmother had the same mutation of COL1A1gene. The mutation was not found in the proband’s mother and normal controls. There was no report for such mutation in Chinese population. Pedigree analysis showed the fami? ly genetic characteristics of autosomal dominant inheritance. The proband was clinically diagnosed as OI type Ⅳwith more severe clinical phenotype.Conclusion PCR-HRManalysis is a new effective method for genetic screening of OI. COL1A1 mutation of c.1138G>A is a newly discovered mutation in Chinese population. Gly replaced inαhelical domain may lead to a more severe clinical phenotype. Related Articles | Metrics

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Sequencing Technology in Molecular Diagnosis of Spinal Muscular Atrophy Caused by SMN1 Deletion Ying-tao MENG 2 2014, 42 (7):  697-700 .  Abstract ( 732 )   PDF (403KB) ( 2925 )   [Abstract] Objective To investigate the feasibility of DNA sequencing analysis in molecular diagnosis for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).Methods Two pairs of primers were utilized to amplify theregion including5different bases in SMA-causative geneSMN1and its homologue copySMN2bypolymerase chain reaction (PCR). The first primer amplified a fragment 501bp long spanning fromSMNintron 6to intron 7targeting four different bases (g.31957, 32006, 32154and 32269). The second primer reversely amplified a 189bp long fragment withinSMNexon8including one base-pair differ? ence (g.32734). PCR procedure was followed by Sanger sequencing technique to identify the 5different bases. SMA patients caused bySMN1homozygous deletion were distinguished from carriers or normal controls by absence ofSMN1specific bas? es in sequence chromatograms. This assay was performed in7SMA suspected patients and their parents. The specimens were also detected by PCR- restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method.Results It was found that 6of7 SMA suspected patients showed onlySMN2specific bases at the5different base positionsamong the region from intron6to exon8, which meant the patient displaying only SMN2-specific nucleotide a, T, g, g and A at g.31957, 32006, 32154, 32269 and32734, while their parents (carriers) showed a/g, T/C, g/a, g/a and A/G at the same sites. SMN1gene was deleted in the patient, and the deletion region was inferred from intron6to exon 8. Because carriers had bothSMN1andSMN2genes, they can be discriminated from theSMN1deleted patient. One of7patients yield an unique sequence chromatogram of a, T, g, g and A/G, indicating thatexon8ofSMN1was not deleted in this patient.Conclusion DNA sequencing analysis is an alter? native simple method for detecting SMA caused by homozygous deletion ofSMN1. We recommend to replace the widely used PCR-RFLP method with DNA sequencing assay. Related Articles | Metrics

应用研究

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Correlation of Serum8-iso-PGF2αLevel and the Severity of Neurological Deficits in Elderly Patients with Cerebral Infarction 2014, 42 (7):  701-703 .  Abstract ( 538 )   PDF (316KB) ( 2682 )   [Abstract] Objective To investigate the relationship between the level of8-iso-prostaglandin (8-iso-PG)F2αand the neural functional deficit in patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI). Methods Sixty-seven ACI patients were se? lected in Neurological Department of Ganyu People’s Hospital. According to the age, these subjects were divided into two groups: the old group (≥60years,n=37) and middle-young group (<60years,n=30). Thirty healthy subjects were selected as controls (≥60years). The age, gender and anamnesis were matched in two groups of elderly people. The ELISA was used to detect the plasma levels of8-iso-PGF2αin two groups of patients. And NIHSS score was used to evaluate the severity of clinical neurological deficit. Results The plasma levels of8- iso- PGF2αwere significantly higher in old ACI group (506.38±138.63) ng/L than those of middle-young ACI group (420.18±132.72) ng/L and old control group (369.98±99.81) ng/L. There was no significant difference in plasma level of8-iso-PGF2αbetween middle-young ACI group and old control group (F=9.272，P＜0.05). The NIHSS score was significantly higher in old group (19.78±3.66) than that of middle-young group (17.73±2.70, t=2.539，P＜0.05). There was a positive correlation between plasma 8- iso- PGF2αlevel and NIHSS score in old group (r=0.504，P=0.001). Conclusion The oxidative stress plays an important role in the occurrence and de? velopment process of ACI in elderly patients. The earlier and reasonable antioxidant therapy plays a positive role to alleviate the clinical symptoms and promote the recovery of illness. Related Articles | Metrics

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Observations on the Effects of Opening Side Crack Pool and Basal Cistern for the Treatment of Lateral Fissure Hedge Brain Contusion 2014, 42 (7):  704-706 .  Abstract ( 603 )   [Abstract] Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of the lateral fissure opened intraoperative cerebral con? tusion sylvian cistern , basal cistern for improving the cerebral vasospasm. Methods A total of106patients withcerebral contusion in lateral fissure area were randomly divided into2groups. The control group was given conventional craniotomy to clear focal cerebral contusion of hematoma. And the experimental group was further to fully open sylvian cistern, jugular vein pool, endplate pool and basal cistern on the basis of the conventional craniotomy to remove the brain contusion and hemato? ma. The levels of endothelin1(ET-1) in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were detected postoperative 3, 7and14days. The Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score, ICU guardianship time and total length of hospital stay were observed on discharge and followed up for 3months in two groups. The rate of good prognosis was compared between two groups.Results There were significant differences in ET-1levels of plasma and CSF at different time points (plasma Ftime =603.436and CSFFtime = 684.276) between two groups of patients (plasma Ftime =272.531and CSFF=317.641). The ET-1levels were significantly lower after 7d and14d treatment in experimental group, but no significant difference3d after operation between two groups (P<0.01). The GCS score was significantly higher on discharge in experimental group than that of control group. The values of ICU guardianship time and the total hospitalization time were both significantly lower in experimental group than those of control group (P<0.01). The rate of good prognosis was significantly higher in experimental group than that of control one [78.85% (41/52) vs 51.85% (28/54), χ 2 =8.496, P<0.01]. Conclusion Openning side crack pool and basal cistern in the surgical treatment of traumatic brain injury can improve the cerebral vasospasm and prognosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Clinical Application of Duplex Ultrasonography in Evaluating the Restenosis of Peripheral Arterial Bypass Graft Postoperatively 2014, 42 (7):  707-709 .  Abstract ( 610 )   PDF (286KB) ( 2776 )   [Abstract] Objective To explore the clinical value of the duplex ultrasonography (duplex US) for evaluating the re? stenosis after peripheral arterial bypass grafting.Methods Eighty prosthetic grafts of sixty-three patients with femoral-pop? liteal arterial bypass grafting were follow-up regularly by duplex US. They were divided into non significant stenosis group (n=56), the significant stenosis group (n=15) and occlusion group (n=9) according to the tube diameter and arterial blood flow? ing parameters, which changed postoperatively. The diagnostic results were compared and analyzed between duplex US and digital subtraction angiography (DSA). The peak flow velocity of middle grafts (MG) to40cm/s was defined to evaluate risk of graft occlusion.Results The diagnostic coincidence rate of duplex US and DSA for grafts stenosis classification was 90%. The diagnostic sensitivity of duplex US to grafts stenosis was91.7%, and the specificity was92.9%. The positive pre? dictive value was84.6% for grafts stenosis, and the negative predictive value was96.3%, the false positive rate was16.7%, and the false negative rate was8.3%. The grafts occlusion rate was higher in MG＜40cm/s group than that of MG≥40cm/s group.Conclusion There was a good consistency with Duplex US and DSA for the diagnosis of peripheral artery bypass graft restenosis. Duplex US showed characteristics of non-invasive, simple and easily accepted by patients. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study of perioperative plasma D-dimer levels in patients with lung cancer 2014, 42 (7):  710-712 .  Abstract ( 669 )   PDF (296KB) ( 2653 )   [Abstract]Objective: To investigate the change pattern of perioperative plasma D-dimer levels in patients with lung cancer, and the relationship of plasma D-dimer level with clinical pathological features. Methods: 64 cases of lung cancer patients were taken as cancer group, and 15 cases of benign lung disease were as control group. The plasma D-dimer was determined two days before operation and the first, fifth, ninth day after operation. The clinical pathological parameters and type of surgery were evaluated at the same time. Results: Plasma D-dimer levels in patients with lung cancer were much higher than those in control group(t=3.087，P＜0.05). D-dimer levels in TNM stageⅠpatients were lower than those in stageⅡor Ⅲ patients(P＜0.05, respectively). Plasma D-dimer levels in small cell cancer patients were higher than non-small cell cancer patients(P＜0.05). D-dimer levels were changing in different time of perioperative period(P＜0.001). In cancer group, D-dimer levels were up-regulated on the first day after operation, and then significantly down-regulated on the fifth and ninth day. D-dimer levels on the ninth day after operation were much lower than levels before operation(pairwise comparison, P＜0.05, respectively). In control group, D-dimer levels were increased on the first day after operation, and were unchanged on the fifth day (P=0.174), then were decreased on the ninth day. And there were no significantly difference between levels on the ninth day after operation with D-dimer levels before operation (P=0.631). D-dimer levels in cancer group and control group were significantly different (P=0.005). In addition to the fifth day (P=0.069), postoperative D-dimer levels in cancer group were much higher than control group (the first day P=0.009, the ninth day P=0.017). Conclusions: Plasma D-dimer levels before operation in patients with lung cancer were much higher than those in benign lung disease, and were associated with TNM stage and cell type. D-dimer levels in lung cancer patients were significantly increased from the first day after operation, and then decreased significantly until the ninth day, which were lower than D-dimer levels before operation. But they were still higher than benign lung disease patients at the same time interval. Related Articles | Metrics

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FNA Therapy for Intertrochanteric Fracture of Incomplete Lateral Wall Type in the Elderly 2014, 42 (7):  713-715 .  Abstract ( 488 )   PDF (487KB) ( 2987 )    [Abstract] Objective To explore the initial effects of the treatment of proximal femoral nail-helical blade (PFNA) in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture of the incomplete lateral wall type. Methods A total of25patients were enrolled in this study including8cases of type A2, 17cases of type A3according to AO classification. All patients under? went three-dimensional CT scan. In all patients with type A2fracture, there were 6cases with coronal plane fracture on the greater trochanter, and PFNA was used instead of DHS when an iatrogenic fracture occurred in2patients. All other patients were treated with closed reduction and fixed with PFNA.Results All patients healed and the average healing time was11 weeks, one patient fell down once again and the fracture occurred on the shaft, when a long PFNA was used, both of the frac? tures healed 14weeks after surgery. In all of the25patients,1patient died due to cerebral hemorrhage13months after sur? gery;2patients needed walking aids due to the presence of osteoarthritis of the knee and calf muscular venous thrombosis was diagnosed in3cases. No complications were found in the other patients, such as infection, nonunion and fixation failure. According to the Harris hip score system, there were14cases of“excellent”，8cases of“good”，2cases of“fair”and1pa? tient of“poor”．Conclusion The PFNA treatment can provide a good fixation for intertrochanteric fractures of incomplete lateral wall type, which allow patients to do exercise early and achieve an excellent initial outcome. Related Articles | Metrics

药物临床观察

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Comparison of Effects of Compound Xueshuantong Capsule and Benazepril on Serum Inflammatory Cytokines in Early Diabetic Nephropathy 2014, 42 (7):  716-718 .  Abstract ( 769 )   PDF (307KB) ( 2740 )   [Abstract] Objective To compare effects of compound Xueshuantong capsule and benazepril on inflammatory cyto? kines in type2diabetic patients with early diabetic nephropathy (DN), and its therapeutic mechanism thereof.Methods Ninety-four patients with type2diabetes were divided into diabetes without albuminuria group (DM，n=24) and early DN group (DN，n=70). DN group was then divided into three subgroups：group A (n=24) treated by benazepril alone, group B (n= 22) treated by compound Xueshuantong capsule and group C (n=24) treated by compound Xueshuantong capsule combined with benazepril for3months. Levels of fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, serum creatinine, blood urea nitro? gen, lipid profiles, fibrinogen and urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) were examined before and after treatment. The se? rum levels of hypersensitive c-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin- 6(IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were determined as well.Results The serum levels of hs-CRP, IL-6and TNF-αwere significantly higher in DN group than those of DM group (P<0.01). After treatment, the serum levels of UAER, hs-CRP, IL-6and TNF-αwere significantly re? duced in groups A, B and C compared with those before treatment (P<0.01), and which were decreased more significantly in group C. The levels of blood lipids and fibrinogen decreased obviously in group C compared with those of group A and B (P< 0.01). Conclusion Compound Xueshuantong capsule combined with benazepril not only can improve the blood fat and high coagulation state in patients, but also impossibly retard the development of early DN through decreasing serum concen? trations of hs-CRP, IL-6and TNF-αand inhibiting inflammatory reaction. Related Articles | Metrics

康复医学

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Comparison of Effects of Compound Xueshuantong Capsule and Benazepril on Serum Inflammatory Cytokines in Early Diabetic Nephropathy 2014, 42 (7):  719-721 .  Abstract ( 503 )   PDF (310KB) ( 2666 )   [Abstract] Objective To explore the influence of uncertainty in illness in compliance of respiratory function exer? cise and rehabilitation after surgery in patients with coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.Methods Mishel uncer? tainty in illness scale and compliance of respiratory function exercise scale were used to collect data in 108patients with CABG. The correlation of the uncertainty in illness and compliance of respiratory function exercise was analyzed. Patients were divided into three groups (high score, medium score and low score groups) according to the detection of uncertainty in illness. Values of compliance of respiratory function exercise, postoperative care time, postoperative ventilation time, postop? erative hospital stay duration,6-min walking test (6MWD) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were compared be? tween three groups. Results The uncertainty in illness was in medium level (95.51±9.48) in patients with CABG surgery, which was negatively correlated with compliance of respiratory function exercise (r=-0.926, P<0.01). The postoperative venti? lation time and postoperative care time were less in low score group than those of medium score group and high score group. The compliance of respiratory function exercise,6-min walking test and postoperative LVEF were better in low score group than those of medium score group and high score group. Conclusion Medical personnel should take targeted interventions to reduce the uncertainty in illness in patients, enhance the compliance of respiratory function exercise, reduce the postopera? tive complications and promote early recovery of patients. Related Articles | Metrics

流行病学调查

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The Correlation between Hyperuricemia and Metabolic Syndrome in the Residents in Xicheng District of Beijing 2014, 42 (7):  722-724 .  Abstract ( 608 )   PDF (291KB) ( 2840 )   [Abstract] Objective To investigate the correlation between the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) and metabolic syndrome (MS) in community residents in Xicheng District of Beijing.Methods A total of834permanent residents were se? lected for the survey. The values of height, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), serum uric acid (UA), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and high density lipopro? tein-cholesterol (HDL-C) were recorded. Subjects were divided into HUA and non-HUA groups. Based on four components of MS, subjects were divided into (1) MS0group (no any component of MS), (2) MS1group (one component of MS), (3) MS2 group (two components of MS), (4) MS3(three components of MS) and (5) MS4group (four components of MS). The relation? ship of HUA and components of MS was analyzed.Results The total prevalence of hyperuricemia was12.0% in834sub? jects. The prevalence of hyperuricemia were significantly higher in male subjects than those of female subjects［21.8% (83/381) vs3.8% (17/453)，χ 2 =63.765，P＜0.01］. Values of BMI, SBP, DBP, TC and TG were significantly higher in HUA group than those of non-HUA group (P＜0.01). There were no significant differences in levels of HDL-C and FPG between two groups. The prevalence of overweight/obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia were significantly higher in HUA group than those of non-HUA group (P＜0.01). The prevalence of HUA gradually increased with the accumulation of MS components (χ 2 =46.347, P＜0.01). Conclusion Hyperuricemia and metabolic syndrome are closely related. We should pay more attention to monitor the serum uric acid levels. Related Articles | Metrics

综述

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Strategies for Generating Regulatory Dendritic Cells and the Clinical Application of Immune Tolerance 2014, 42 (7):  725-727 .  Abstract ( 759 )   PDF (308KB) ( 2758 )   Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen presenting cells with dual functions in immune response or immune tolerance. Regulatory dendritic cells (DCreg) have negative immunomodulation effects. They can inhibit T cell stimulatory activity and induce immune tolerance. DCreg could be generated by the induction of drugs, cytokines and cell microenvironment with different mechanisms. The tolerance that DCreg induced is of great clinical significance in organ transplantation and autoimmune disease. Recently, several clinical trials have been conducted in type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis, with results that emphasize the tolerance and safety of DCreg therapy. In this review, we will focus on the strategies for generating DCreg and the clinical application of immune tolerance. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in Permanent Pacemaker Requirement after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Guangping LI2 2014, 42 (7):  728-730 .  Abstract ( 559 )   PDF (268KB) ( 2833 )   [Abstract] Cardiac conduction abnormalities and/or atrioventricular (AV) block have been reported as one of the most frequent complications of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The impairment of AV conduction was resulted from the balloon and valve-induced injury. Patients with right bundle branch block (RBBB) before TAVI operation, receiving the Medtronic CoreValve Revalving System (MCRS) implant and the implantation of valve prosthesis too deep in the left ven? tricular outflow tract have been reported to require permanent pacemaker implantation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in Pharmacological Mechanism for the Role of Fatty Acid in Reversal of Myocardial Toxicity of Local Anesthetics 2014, 42 (7):  731-733 .  Abstract ( 487 )   PDF (286KB) ( 2847 )   [Abstract] At present, there is no specific antidote for local anesthetic toxicity, which seriously hindered therapeutic efficts of clinical treatment. It is increasingly urgent for finding find the effective antidote to local anesthetic. This article at? tempts to interpret the molecular pharmacological mechanism from fat pool, energy metabolism, NO, ion channel and solubili? zation for the role of fatty acids in reversal of myocardial toxicity of local anesthetics. And the different characteristics of the structure and function of nano liposome and fat emulsion were compared. Related Articles | Metrics