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15 March 2014, Volume 42 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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述评
细胞与分子生物学
临床研究
实验研究
临床研究
技术交流
临床论丛
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述评

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It’s time for “ROSE” to flower: emphasizing the values of rapid on site evaluation in interventional pulmonology. 2014, 42 (3):  193-196 .  Abstract ( 724 )   PDF (385KB) ( 2766 )   Rapid on site evaluation (ROSE) technology of interventional pulmonology includes “cytological ROSE” and “microbiological ROSE”. Recently, this “ROSE” has gradually become one of the core technologies in modern interventional pulmonology. In this commentary, perspectives on origin and development, classification and clinical values, operational approach, clinical application, and how to do it well were summarized and remarked. Related Articles | Metrics

细胞与分子生物学

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Inhibitory Effects of Periplocin from Cortex Periplocae in Human Lung Cancer Cell Line QG56 2014, 42 (3):  197-199 .  Abstract ( 724 )   PDF (329KB) ( 2787 )   　　　[ABSTRACT] Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effects of Periplocin from Cortex Periplocae (CPP) in human lung cancer cell line QG56 and to discuss its mechanism. Methods: Inhibitory effect of CPP in different concentrations (1.25, 2.50, 5.00, 10.00, 20.00 ng/ml) and different time (24 h, 48 h, 72 h) on QG56 proliferation was tested by MTT method. The morphological changes of the QG56 cells treated with CPP were observed by inverted microscope. The effects of CPP on cell cycle and cell apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry (FCM). Expression of apoptosis associated genes bax on cells was assessed by RT-PCR and SP immunocytochemistry method respectively before and after treatment of CPP. Results: Marked inhibitory effect of CPP on QG56 cells was observed. The morphological changes were displayed in QG56 exposed to CPP. The results of flow cytometry showed that the proportion of tumor cells in the G0/G1 phase was increased markedly, which of S and G2/M phase cells decreased, after treatment with CPP. The apoptosis rate of QG56 cells in CPP groups increased significantly compared to the control group (P0.05). The expression of bax mRNA was increased in QG56 exposed to CPP. The result of immunocytochemistry indicated that bax protein showed stronger positive staining in cells with CPP treatment. Conclusion: CPP has significant inhibitory effect on human lung cancer cell lines QG56, which is probably related to blocking cell cycle and induction of apoptosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms in Mitochondrial Displacement-loop and the risk of renal cell carcinoma 2014, 42 (3):  200-202 .  Abstract ( 538 )   PDF (287KB) ( 2692 )   Objective: To investigate the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms in mitochondrial displacement-loop and the risk of renal cell carcinoma. Methods: We selected 59 clear cell renal cell cancer patients who received nephrectomy in the Department of urinary surgery at the Fourth Hospital of Hebei University between 2002 and 2007. We also collected 68 healthy female controls. Total DNA was extracted using a Wizard Genomic DNA extraction kit (Promega, Madison, WI, USA) and stored at -20℃. PCR was performed according to the protocol of PCR Master Mix Kit (Promega) and purified prior to sequencing. Cycle sequencing was performed with the Dye Terminator Cycle Sequencing Ready Reaction Kit (Applied Biosystem, Foster City, CA, USA) and the products were then separated on the ABIPRISM Genetic Analyzer 3100 (Applied Biosystem). Polymorphisms were confirmed by repeated analyses from both strands. Results: SNPs were detected in 143 sites of the 982-bp mitochondria D-Loop region from blood samples of the ccRCC patients and the healthy controls. No statistical reference exist for distribution frequency of each SNP referring to age and sex. A statistically significant increase in SNP frequency for the 16293G, 262T alleles was observed in clear cell renal cancer patients (p<0.05), whereas the SNP frequency for the 16298C, 319A alleles was decreased in clear cell renal cell cancer patients. Conclusion: analysis of genetic polymorphisms in the D-loop may help to identify patient subgroups at a higher risk for developing RCC, thereby helping to refine therapeutic decisions for these patients. Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect of antisense miR-30d on invasion and migration in breast cancer cells 2014, 42 (3):  203-207 .  Abstract ( 696 )   PDF (482KB) ( 2788 )   Objective To investigate the expression of miR-30d in breast cancer tissues and demonstrate the regulative effects of miR-30d ASO on the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells in vitro. Methods The expression of miR-30d in 108 breast cancer tissues and their adjacent tissues were detected by real-time quantitative PCR method. After transfection with miR-30dASO, the biological effects of miR-30d in breast cancer cells was measured by transwell assay and wound healing assay, and invasion-related protein expression was analyzed by western blot. Results The expression level of miR-30d was found to be overexpressed in 50.93%（55/108） of the breast cancer cases (p<0.05). miR-30d expression in breast cancer cells（transfection with miR-30d ASO）was significantly less than control group (p<0.05). Transwell and wound healing assay results showed that the invasion and migration ability decreased greatly after transfection with miR-30d ASO, furthermore,down-regulation of miR-30d resulted in obvious inactivation of MMP2 and MMP9. (p<0.05). Conclusion：miR-30d was overexpressed in human breast cancer. Reduce the expression of miR-30d can effectively inhibit the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells. miR-30d may become a new target for the regulation of invasion and migration in breast cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of ellagic acid on melanogenesis and melansome transfer 2014, 42 (3):  208-210 .  Abstract ( 829 )   PDF (447KB) ( 2697 )   Objective To study if ellagic acid has preventing abilities on human epidermal melanocyte melanogenesis and melanin transfer in different concentration. Methods Our present investigated ellagic acid on, employing monolayer cultures of human melanocytes and co-cultures of human melanocytes and keratinocytes, melanogenesis and melanin transfer by Flow Cytometer technique. Results: Ellagic acid suppressed melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity in a dose-dependent manner. Melanin transfer was also inhibited by ellagic acid in a dose-dependence manner. Conclusion: Ellagic acid may be useful for skin-whitening cosmetic and the depigmenting effect of ellagic acid might be due to its down-regulation of melanogenesis and melanin transfer. Related Articles | Metrics

临床研究

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The analysis of malignant characteristics of tumor stem cell-like side population cells from cervical cancer patients of Binhai New Area 2014, 42 (3):  211-213 .  Abstract ( 685 )   PDF (334KB) ( 2688 )   【Abstract】 Objective To analysis the malignant performance characteristics of tumor stem cell-like side population cells obtained from cervical cancer patients of Binhai New Area. Methods The cervical cancer cells were obtained from surgical resection tumor tissue, then tumor stem cell-like side population cells were isolated by flow cytometry.The cell growth curve was drawn by MTT assay, the invasion ability of tumor cells was compared by transwell assay, then the clonogenic capacity was detected by clone formation in soft agar. The protein level of ABCG2, which is a drug-resistant gene, was detected by immunofluorescence method. Finally, these cells were transplated into the subcutaneous of de-thymus mice and the tumor form rate was surveyed. Results The results from flow cytometry assay showed the percentage of cervical cancer stem cell-like side population cells was 1.39 %. Compared with the non-side population cells, the side population cells grow quickly, have enhanced invasion ability and colony forming ability, and the side population cells have higher expression level of ABCG2.The tumor form rate of the side population cells was 100% (10/10), but the non-side population cells was 20% (2/10). Conclusion The cervical cancer stem cell-like side population cells have more malignant performance characteristics than the non-side population cells, it maybe become a core target for cancer gene therapy in the future. Related Articles | Metrics

实验研究

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Study of miR-204 regulates BDNF/TrkB signaling expression in epileptic neurons wei CHANG 2, yijun song 2014, 42 (3):  214-216 .  Abstract ( 810 )   PDF (407KB) ( 2810 )   【Abstract】ObjectiveTo study the functions of miR-204 in BDNF/TrkB signaling and pathogenesis in the epilepsy model after the transfected with miR-204.Methods Primary hippocampal neurons were cultured in vitro after 7 days.Epilepsy model of hippocampal neurons were established by being exposed to Mg2+ free media for 3 hours.Construct miR-204 lentivirusvector.Detected by immunohistochemistry and patch clamp technique and Western Blot technique.Results BDNF/TrkB signaling can be activated by exogenous BDNF and is inhibited under epileptic condition. BDNF/TrkB signaling is inhibited by high expression of TrkB.T rather than TrkB.FL under epileptic condition.miR-204 can down-regulate expression of TrkB.T, so as to remove the inhibition of BDNF/TrkB signaling. Conclusion BDNF and mir-204 can improve the inhibiting condition of BDNF/TrkB signaling,and then playing an important role in alleviating epilepsy disease. Related Articles | Metrics

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Role of Nogo receptor on the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cell in diabetic rats 2014, 42 (3):  217-219 .  Abstract ( 757 )   PDF (275KB) ( 2841 )   Objective To investigate effects and potential mechanisms of Nogo receptor on the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) in diabetic rats. Methods Diabetic rats were induced by intraperitoneally administration of streptozotocin. Studies were conducted with control group, diabetes mellitus (DM) group, siNgR group and siRNA control group (n=10/group). Diabetic rats in siNgR group were intravitreally administrated with anti-Nogo receptor nucleotide. While, diabetic rats in siRNA control group were intravitreally administrated with negative nucleotide. One month after diabetes onset, colocalization of Nogo receptor and Brn3a (marker of RGC) were observed with immunohistochemistry, TUNEL staining was conducted to reveal apoptosis of RGC, the level of retinal malondialdehyde (MDA) were observed with kit, and the expression of Nogo receptor and caspase-3 were detected with Western blot. Results Nogo receptor is highly expressed in RGC. The level of retinal MDA in control, DM, siNgR and siRNA control groups were (3.68±0.47), (8.07±1.24), (7.54±1.53) and (5.12±0.62) mol/g prot respectively. The number of TUNEL-positive RGC, expression of retinal Nogo receptor and caspase-3, and the level of retinal MDA were significantly increased in DM and siNgR groups, compared with control group (P<0.05). While, these alterations in DM group were attenuated in siNgR group (P<0.05). Conclusion Nogo receptor induces oxidative stress and up-regulation of caspase-3 in diabetic retina, playing an important role in the apoptosis of RGC. Related Articles | Metrics

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Different dosage of hydrogen peroxide on myocardial mitochondria Cyt c - free release 李晓倩 FENG 2014, 42 (3):  220-223 .  Abstract ( 690 )   PDF (479KB) ( 2755 )   Abstract Objective: to explore small doses of hydrogen peroxide pretreatment can reduce high calcium induced cytochrome c release, thus inhibiting mPTP open. Method: separation of rat liver mitochondria, the detection of different concentrations of Ca2 + to stimulate free mitochondrial Cyt c, Smac release quantity; Detection of different dose of H2O2 intervention Cyt c release quantity. Results: a small dose of H2O2 preconditioning reduces calcium overload induced Cyt c release. Conclusion: small dose of H2O2 preconditioning reduces formation and open, the mPTP induced by calcium overload through inhibiting mitochondrial permeability transition myocardial protection effect into full play. Related Articles | Metrics

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A experimental study of total flavone from Litchi chinensis Sonn improve the symptoms of cholestatasis BDL rats 2014, 42 (3):  224-227 .  Abstract ( 608 )   PDF (371KB) ( 2805 )   Objective Observed total flavone from Litchi chinensis Sonn on liver function improvement and collagen Ⅰ, 3 and p16 in bile duct ligation liver fibrosis (bile duct ligation, BDL) rats.Methods The rats model is the rats after ligation of the common bile duct，forty SD rats was randomized into the common bile duct ligation (BDL group), Litchi flavonoids group (TFL group), silibinin group (SIL group),to the control group (SO group) as a negative control. After four weeks,serum detection of serum superoxide dismutase(SOD),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST), direct bilirubin (BILD2), total bilirubin (BILT2) , creatinine (CREJ2), blood urea nitrogen (UREAL) were measured, and the pathological observation was also performed on legt liver lobes with HE, Masson staining, western blot were measured in liver tissue PC3, PC Ⅰ, p16 expression.Results The serum SOD in TFL was significantly higher than that in the BDL group (P <0.05), The serum ALT, AST, BILD2, BILT2 levels were significantly lower than that in the BDL group(P <0.05), TFL can significantly improve the degree of hepatic fibrosis in rats (P <0.05 ), TFL can inhibit p16, PC3, PC Ⅰprotein expression (P <0.05).Conclusion TFL group has a significant improvement in cholestasis and liver fibrosis mitigate, significantly inhibited cholestatic liver fibrosis in rat liver p16, PC3, PC Ⅰ protein. Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect of Pravastatin on the Expression of HSPB7 in acute myocardial infarction rats 2014, 42 (3):  228-230 .  Abstract ( 635 )   PDF (359KB) ( 2677 )   Objective To observe The effect of Pravastatin on the Expression of HSPB7 in acute myocardial infarction rats. Methods The 80 AMI rats were randomly divided into acute myocardial infarction group(AMI), and Pravastatin group(P), the 40 SD rat2 in sham operation group(SH),then subdivide each group into group 1h ,3h ,6h and 12h. SH was not ligated but threaded; AMI was created by ligation of the 1eft anterior descending coronary artery; Group P created by ligation of the 1eft anterior descending coronary artery with a Pravastatin of 0.5mg/（kg?d），the other groups were given the same amount normal saline via gavage. The myocardial tissue from left ventricular infarcted border zone was harvested at each time interval，while the corresponding myocardial tissue in sham-operated rats was harvested．HSPB7 mRNA and protein expressions were measured by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry respectively．Results The expressions of HSPB7 mRNA and protein in the AMI groups and P groups were statistically significant( P＜0.001). All the above indexes exhibited an ascending tendency at 1h after AMI( P＜0.05)，reached peak value at 3h after AMI，and remaining detectable up to 12h after AMI，The P groups were still higher than those in the sham operation group. Conclusion HSPB7 could express in acute myocardial infarction rats in early times, and Pravastatin could promote the upregulation of the expressions of HSPB7 in myocardial infarcted border zone after AMI，which may be one of the mechanisms to protect myocardial after AMI Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Hypoxic Preconditioning on the Biological Function of Bone marrow-derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells 2014, 42 (3):  231-234 .  Abstract ( 700 )   PDF (1467KB) ( 2760 )   Objective To observe the effect of hypoxic preconditioning on the biological function of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells(BM-EPCs). Methods Mononuclear cells were collected by density gradient centfifugation from the bone marrow of rats. The isolated cells were cultivated in dishes coated with the vitronectin from rat plasma，filled with the endothelial cell basal medium-2. First，All of the cells were cultured under the conventional culture conditions (37 ℃ and 5% CO2) . After four days ，cultured cells were divided into control group and hypoxia training groups. Cells of the control group were cultured in previous conditions for another three days. However, cells of the hypoxia training groups were cultured in previous conditions for 0 days、1 days、2 days，then，under the hypoxic condition (1% O2+5% CO2+94% N2) for another 72 hours、48 hours、and 24 hours，respectively. In the seventh days，all of the groups were collected for the following study，immunofluorescence labeling and cell analyzer were used to indentify BM-EPCs. the tube formation of BM-EPCs were tested by matrigel assay. Apoptosis of BM-EPCs were assayed by Annexin V/PI antiapoptotic assay. So as to explore the hypoxic conditions on the function of BM-EPCs, for the best time to hypoxic. Results As the hypoxic time extended，The early apoptosis rate was significantly increased. There was no significantly difference between the control group（0.89±0.20） and the hypoxic 24 hours group（1.33±0.07）（P＞0.05）. Compare with the control group ，The tube formation of the hypoxic 24 hours group was stronged significantly (P＜0.01). Conclusion After hypoxic preconditioning BM-EPCs for 24 hours, the rate of apoptosis was not obvious, but the tube formation ability was markedly increased. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of monoclonal antibody against carcinoembryonic antigen Glypican-3 and its preliminary application yuliang wang,Tao LIU 2014, 42 (3):  235-237 .  Abstract ( 688 )   PDF (1121KB) ( 2774 )   Objective To prepare monoclonal antibody specifically against carcinoembryonic antigen Glypican-3 (GPC3) and preliminary application. Methods GPC3 was cloned with PCR to pET16b vector and expressed in E. coliBL21. Spleen cells were obtained from Balb/c mice embedding immunized with purified antigen intraperitoneally, and fused with SP2/0 cells. Hybridoma cells were screened by indirect ELISA, and identified by Western blot using purified protein after the cell fusion. Indirect immunofluorescence method was used to test the GPC3 expression in HepG2 cell line. Results The prokaryotic expression vector of GPC3 was successfully constructed, and GPC3 was stablely expressed in E. coliBL21. A mice hybridoma cell line producing monoclonal antibody to GPC3 was obtained. Western blot analysis showed that monoclonal antibody specifically recognized recombinant protein. Monoclonal antibody could be used to detect GPC3 protein expression in HepG2 cell line by indirect immunofluorescence. Conclusion Monoclonal antibody against GPC3 was obtained. The research will be useful for its clinical study. Related Articles | Metrics

临床研究

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Effects of different magnitudes of mechanical stretch on human intervertebral disc cells 2014, 42 (3):  241-244 .  Abstract ( 600 )   PDF (373KB) ( 2762 )   ObjectiveMechanical stress plays an important role in intervertebral disc degeneration which is closely related with low back pain. The effects of mechanical stress on disc degeneration and the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated how different magnitudes of mechanical stretch affected human intervertebral disc cells. MethodsCells were subjected to 0%, 6%, 12%, or 18% elongation for 24 h using a Flexercell Strain Unit, and the mRNA expressions of anabolic genes (collagen-1A1, collagen-2A1, aggrecan, versican) and catabolic genes (MMP-3, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4, ADAMTS-5) were examined. ResultsThe results showed that the expression of collagen-1A1, collagen-2A1 and aggrecan, but not versican, were increased at 12%, and decreased at 18%, whereas catabolic genes: MMP-3, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5, were increased at 18%. Interestingly, mechanical stretch induced a magnitude-dependent increase in ADAMTS-4 synthesis. Furthermore, the effect seems to be finely tuned by stretching-triggered activation of distinct mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades. Specifically, an ERK1/2specific inhibitor, U0126, significantly inhibited stretching-induced ADAMTS-4 expression, whereas the inhibitors of p38 and JNK, SP6000125 and SB203580 only slightly decreased stretching-induced ADAMTS-4 expression. ConclusionThese results indicate that different magnitudes of mechanical stretch influence the biological behavior of intervertebral disc cells, which profoundly affects intervertebral disc degeneration. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the Correlation between Serum Amyloid A and Disease Activity in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis 2014, 42 (3):  245-247 .  Abstract ( 779 )   PDF (410KB) ( 3113 )   [Abstract] Objective To investigate the correlation between serum amyloid A and disease activity (DAS28) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods 44 patients with RA, 35 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 18 patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and 30 healthy people were enrolled in this study. Serum levels of SAA were measured by ELISA. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was measured by the Westergren method. Serum C reactive protein (CRP) concentration was examined by immunonephelometry assay. The correlations between SAA and DAS28、ESR and CRP were assessed, respectively. Results In RA patients, serum levels of SAA was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that in SLE、OA and healthy controls. ESR and CRP levels were both markedly higher than OA and healthy controls, but had no significant difference with SLE. SAA、ESR and CRP levels in serum all had positive correlations with DAS28（r=0.790，P<0.001；r=0.679, P<0.001；r=0.431, P=0.004）. Conclusion Serum SAA levels in RA patients were higher than those in controls and had a positive correlation with RA disease activity, which was more sensitive than ESR and CRP, suggesting that SAA can be a new serological indicator to assess disease activity in RA. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical significance and variation of plasma B-type natriuretic peptide levels before and after treadmill exercise test in women with coronary heart disease 2014, 42 (3):  248-250 .  Abstract ( 720 )   PDF (288KB) ( 2708 )   [Abstract] Objective To observe clinical significance and variation of plasma B-type natriuretic peptide(△BNP) levels before and after treadmill exercise test(TET) in women with coronary heart disease． Methods Selected cases of women with suspected coronary heart disease in 61 cases(except for heart failure, blood BNP levels were normal)，all patients underwent coronary angiography，were divided into 25 cases of normal group and 36 cases of coronary heart disease group. All patients underwent TET were measured plasma BNP levels before and after the test，compared levels of plasma BNP before and after TET in both groups after one week．The levels of △BNP before and after DSE in different degree of coronary artery lesions patients were compared. The diagnostic value of the levels of △BNP in coronary heart disease was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results The levels of plasma BNP after TET in coronary heart disease group increased significantly(P <0.01) than before the test. The levels of △BNP before and after TET in different degree of coronary lesions patients was statistically significant difference, multivessel disease group was higher than that of single and double operation lesion group (P < 0.05), double vessel disease group was higher than that of single vessel disease group (P < 0.05). When the levels of △BNP > 7.3 pg/ml, the sensibility value and specificity value of diagnosing CHD was 82.4% and 81.5%. Area under curve(AUC) was 0.900, and 95% confidence interval was 0.796-0.962. Conclusion Detection of the levels of △BNP before and after TET in women with coronary heart disease patients with diagnosis and evaluation has important clinical significance. Related Articles | Metrics

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Risk Factors Analysis Of Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Induced by Dual Anti-platelet Treatment in PCI Patient Xue FENG 2,li man2 2014, 42 (3):  251-253 .  Abstract ( 726 )   PDF (283KB) ( 2977 )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the risk factors of dual anti-platelet treatment related upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Methods 2004 patients taking dual anti-platelet treatment for coronary heart disease were retrospectively analyzed and followed up. Results The incidence of dual anti-platelet treatment related upper gastrointestinal bleeding was associated with age, smoke, history of hypertension , abnormal test parameters and the use of PPI protective acid-suppressing agents. Conclusion The long term use of dual anti-platelet treatment can increase the risk upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the elderly patients, in addition to smoke, history of hypertension , abnormal test parameters. Gastric mucosal protective or acid suppressing agents is effective in reducing the occurrence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of combination sodium santharidinate vitamin B6 injection and chemotherapy on plasma D-dimer level in patients with advanced esophageal cancer hui ZHU 2014, 42 (3):  254-257 .  Abstract ( 806 )   PDF (273KB) ( 2669 )   Related Articles | Metrics

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The Expression Of AKT And ERK1/2 Protein In Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma And The RelationshipBetween Them 2014, 42 (3):  257-259 .  Abstract ( 893 )   PDF (263KB) ( 2731 )   Abstract Objective:To investigate the expression of AKT and ERK1/2 protein in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and normal hypopharyngeal mucosa, and their relationship with clinical and pathological characters. Methods:The expression of AKT and ERK1/2 protein in 60 patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, 15 cases of normal hypopharyngeal mucosa were examined by immunohistochemical S-P technique. At the same time, relationship between AKT and ERK1/2 in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma was explored. Results:The Positive rate of the expression of AKT and ERK1/2 in 60 cases of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is 78.3%(47/60) and 66.7%(40/60),the rate in 15 cases of normal hypopharyngeal mucosa is 13.3%(2/15) and 6.7%(1/15). There were significant differences among the expression of AKT and ERK1/2 in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and normal hypopharyngeal mucosa. The expression of AKT in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma group was higher than that in normal groups (P＜0.05). The expression of ERK1/2 in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma group was higher than that in normal groups (P＜0.01). There was a positive correlation between the expression of AKT, ERK1/2 and the degrees of differentiation, clinical stage and pelvic lymph node metastasis, but not correlated with gender and age. Conclusion:The activation of AKT protein and ERK1/2 protein were correlated with carcinogenesis，progression，invasion and metastasis of IHSCC, The expression level of AKT and ERK1/2 have obvious positive relationship(r=0.400,P＜0.05), suggesting that there is synergistic effect between them. Related Articles | Metrics

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The cause and management of frequent shocks in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator 2014, 42 (3):  260-263 .  Abstract ( 855 )   PDF (288KB) ( 3081 )   objective To analyze the cause of frequent shocks in implantable cardioverter defibrillators（ICD） and to ascertain a means of troubleshooting. Frequent shock is defined as five or more shocks per 12 months or three or more shocks per 24 hours. Method From Jan 2006 to Jul 2012, a total of 80 patients received an ICD device (60 patients for secondary prevention and 20 patient for primary prevention). Result During the follow-up period of 1 year to 6 years, 10 patients (12.5%) experienced frequent shocks. Of the 10 patients, five was implanted with single-chamber ICD, four patients with dual-chamber ICD and another patient with CRTD. Some of the causes of frequent shock include electrical storms induced by heart failure, misdiagnosis of superventricular tachycardia(SVT) as ventricular tachycardia(VT), failure of defibrillation due to high defibrillatioin threshold (DF) and frequent shock for non-sustained VT. The management include: correcting the underlying heart failure to reverse the electrical instability of the myocardium, removing the drug that may increase DF, reducing ICD shock using device programming and administration of amiodarone in association with beta-blockers. Conclusion Optimal programming of ICDs and the administration anti-arrhythmia drugs amiodarone and beta-blockers effectively reduce ICD shocks. Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of local anesthesia with midazolam and sufentanil for patients in Ophthalmologic plastic surgery 2014, 42 (3):  264-267 .  Abstract ( 686 )   PDF (297KB) ( 2659 )   　　　　　　【Abstract】 Objective to observe the application of local anesthesia with midazolam and sufentanil for patients in ophthalmologic plastic surgery. Methods The 160 patients (ASAⅠ~Ⅱ) were randomly divided into two group through the random number table,80 cases in each group. groupⅠ:local anesthesia; groupⅡ;local anesthesia with midazolam(0.05mg/kg) and sufentanil(0.1μg/kg) .Record the bispectral index(BIS),systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),heart rate(HR),respiratory rate(RR),oxyhemoglobin saturation（SpO2）,visual analogue scale(VAS) at into the operating room,during injection of local anesthesia, at the beginning of the procedure ,20min after the beginning of the procedure and after operation.Record the hypoxemia, apnoea, restlessness, nausea and vomiting and the time of operation. Results The age, gender, weight and operation time in two groups is not difference (P＞0.05). In groupⅠ, The BIS value is not significant difference in all the time(P＞0.05) . In group Ⅱ, compared with before anesthesia induction,The BIS value was significantly decreased during injection of local anesthesia, at the beginning of the procedure and 20min after the beginning of the procedure (P＜0.05). Compared with into the operating room the SBP,DBP and HR were significantly increased during injection of local anesthesia, at the beginning of the procedure, 20min after the beginning of the procedure and after the procedure, RR was increased during injection of local anesthesia, at the beginning of the procedure and 20min after the beginning of the procedure in groupⅠ(P＜0.05). Compared with before anesthesia induction the SBP, DBP, HR and RR was decreased in group Ⅱ(P＜0.05). During local anesthesia injection and procedure time ,the VAS in groupⅠis higher than groupⅡ(P＜0.05). Restlessness in 15 cases In groupⅠ was higher than 3 cases in groupⅡ. In groupⅡ nausea in 3 cases, anoxemia in 3 cases, no apnea . Conclusion consious sedation with midazolam and sufentanil is an effective anesthetic technique for patients in ophthalmologic plastic surgery. Related Articles | Metrics

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Efficacy analysis on Arterial interventional therapy combined with erlotinib in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer with brain metastasis Li-Wei SUN1, 2014, 42 (3):  271-274 .  Abstract ( 686 )   PDF (373KB) ( 2691 )   Objective Brain metastasis was the main reason for the death of non-small cell lung cancer (non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC). This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical efficacy and prognostic factors of arterial interventional therapy combined with epidermal growth factor receptor (epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR)and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (tyrosine kinase inhibitors, TKI) erlotinib (erlotinib) Method Form January 2009 to January 2012,45 NSCLC patients with brain metastasis confirmed by pathology or cytology were collected in our study. They all underwent infusion chemotherapy two-six cycles by selective bronchial artery or intracranial arterial. Erlotinib was used simultaneously or sequentially with the infusion chemotherapy.We assessed the clinical efficacy every two cycles or when the disease got progressed. Results All the patients received at least two cycles of treatment.The median number of cycles was 3(range 1-6). The results were as follows: complete remission (CR) 7 cases (15.56%), partial remission (PR) 12 cases (26.67%), stable (SD) 16 cases (35.56%), progression (PD) 10 cases (22.22%).The objective response rate (ORR, CR + PR) and disease control rate (DCR, CR + PR + SD) was 42.22% and 77.78% respectively. 45 cases of patients with progression-free survival (PFS) time of 7-29 months, the median PFS time was 11.00 months，the overall survival time was 9-44 months, the median OS was 17.00 months. Univariate analysis showed that patients with low PS score has longer PFS than those with higher PS score，patients with low PS score has longer OS than those with higher PS score. Conclusion Arterial interventional therapy combined with erlotinib has got a better short-term effect and prolonged the survival time but with mild side effects. It would be a useful treatment for NSCLC patients with brain metastasis. Related Articles | Metrics

技术交流

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U100plus laser in the treatment of the gallbladder stones incarcerated applications value 2014, 42 (3):  278-279 .  Abstract ( 699 )   PDF (280KB) ( 2818 )   Abstract: [Objective]To investigate the feasibility of U100plus laser in treating stone incarcerated in gallbladder. [Methods]52 cases of stone incarcerated in gallbladder were dealt with U100plus from Sep 2011 to Oct 2012. Diameter 0.5cm laparoscopy under general anesthesia under direct vision crawl gallbladder，Gallbladder open a small incision at the bottom,,then explored in it. The mirror end put ordinary clear plastic tube used to expose and fixed stones. Consecutive crushed stones under direct vision, and then draw the gravel into the plastic tube out.The fiber choledochoscope see bile pouring from the cystic duct Or placed by the operation holes Choledochoscope the observed zebra guidewire C-arm to the guide wire can be confirmed easily enter the common bile duct cystic duct patency. After confirming that no residual stones with 4-0 absorbable suture continuous suture catcher gallbladder incision.[Results] 52 cases in this group were successful surgery, including 12 cases of gallbladder wall edema, anti partial bile leakage after gallbladder nearby drainage tube placed 2-4 days after color Doppler ultrasound examination no abnormal drainage tubes were removed. The mean operative time was 40min, the average amount of bleeding in surgery 2ml, after one day can get out of bed, the average length of stay of four days. Follow-up of 6 months to 2 years and 6 months, no special discomfort, color Doppler ultrasound examination stone recurrence. [Conclusions] The U100 Plus laser crushed stone is the treatment of gallbladder incarcerated stones safe and effective method. Related Articles | Metrics

临床论丛

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Diagnosis and treatment of bladder hemangioma（a report of 12 cases and a review of literature） 2014, 42 (3):  282-283 .  Abstract ( 647 )   PDF (291KB) ( 2852 )   Abstract Objective：To investigate the clinical feature，diagnosis，treatment and prognosis of the bladder hemangioma. Methods：The clinical data of 12 cases with bladder hemangioma was retrospectively analyzed and discussed in combination with relevant literature. All patients with bladder hemangioma have been followed-up successfully. Results：10 patients were treated with partial cystectomy，with 2 patients treated with TUR-BT. All patients were diagnosed the bladder hemangioma by postoperative pathology. During the time of following-up from 4 months to 6 years，there were no recurrence and metastasis to be found in all cases. Conclusion：The urinary bladder hemangioma with good prognosis is benign tumor occurred rarely in clinic. Although the initial diagnosis of bladder hemangioma could be made in combination with medical imaging，the final diagnosis depends on pathological examination. Treatment options should rely on the factual situations，and partial cystectomy is the first choice for the treatment of bladder hemangioma. Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress of β3-Adrenoceptor Agonists in the Treatment of the Overactive Bladder 2014, 42 (3):  285-287 .  Abstract ( 546 )   PDF (319KB) ( 2977 )   Overactive bladder (OAB) is defined as urgency with or without urinary incontinence, usually associated with frequency and nocturia. β3-adrenoceptor (AR) agonists ,as a new effective, safe and well-tolerated class of drug for patients with OAB,appear very promising.we reviewed research data on the mechanism of action, adverse events,pharmacokinetics,safety and efficacy of β3-adrenoceptor agonists in the treatment of the OAB. Related Articles | Metrics