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15 November 2014, Volume 42 Issue 11 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Cell and Molecular Biology
Experimental Study
实验研究
临床研究
应用研究
临床研究
应用研究
诊断技术
药物临床观察
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Cell and Molecular Biology

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The Study of Signaling Pathways in MCP-1Over-Expression / Interference of HUVECs SONG En,LI Guang di,ZHOU Ru dan,ZHAO Xue ling 2014, 42 (11):  1057-1061 .  Abstract ( 606 )   PDF (870KB) ( 3053 )   [Abstract]   Objective   To investigate the association between the signaling pathways of MCP-1-pCDH-GFP-trans? fected cells and deep venous thrombosis (DVT).   Methods   The cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)were tested by immunofluorescence and co-immunoprecipitation methods. The constructed MCP-1over-expression/interference vector, and the change of transcription profile were detected by microarray assay and biological information technology analysis.  Results   MCP-1over-expression/interference vector MCP-1-pCDH-GFP/MCP-1-LMP shRNAmir1was constructed and HUVECs were transfected. According to the microarray analysis we found that there were18down-expressed signaling pathways and7up-expressed signaling pathways in MCP-1-pCDH-GFP-transfected cells. There were60downexpressed signaling pathways and15up-expressed signaling pathways in the MCP-1-LMP shRNAmir1transfected cells.   Conclusion   Signaling pathways of MCP-1plays an important role in DVT formation.which may provide us a new way to study molecular mechanism of DVT. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects and Significance of SDF-1/CXCR4in Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of Colorectal Cancer Cell Line SW480 YUAN Li qian1,ZHENG Shu fang2 2014, 42 (11):  1062-1065 .  Abstract ( 573 )   PDF (381KB) ( 2892 )   [Abstract]   Objective   To discuss the influence and significance of stromal cell-derived factor1(SDF -1) and its specific receptor CXC chemokine receptor4(CXCR4) in proliferation, migration and invasion ability of SW480colorectal cancer cells.  Methods   The colorectal cancer cell line SW480in logarithmic phase was divided into four groups: control group (with no any processing), SDF-1group (added100μg/L SDF-1), SDF-1＋1mg/L AMD3100mixed group (added1mg/L AMD3100for 2hours, then added100μg/L SDF-1) and AMD3100group (added1mg/L AMD3100). Immunohisto?chemistry method was used to detect the protein expression of CXCR4in SW480cells. The expression of CXCR4mRNA in SW480cells was detected by RT-PCR before and after SDF-1and AMD3100treatment. MTT assay and transwell chamber were used to test the changes of proliferation, migration and invasion ability of SW480cells before and after SDF-1and AMD3100treatment.   Results   The result of immunohistochemistry showed that CXCR4protein was expressed in SW480 cells (positive rate=80%). CXCR4mRNA was expressed in SW480cells. The expression of CXCR4mRNA was up-regulat?ed by SDF-1(100μg/L), which could be inhibited by AMD3100(1mg/L). The proliferation activity was higher in SDF-1group (0.847±0.039) compared to that in control group (0.624±0.011) and SDF-1＋AMD3100mixed group(0.607±0.016).The proliferation activity was lower in AMD3100group (0.456±0.031) than that in control group and SDF-1＋AMD3100 mixed group (F=108.03, P＜0.05). The number of transmembrane cells was more in SDF-1group (98.7±5.8, 33.7±6.2) than that in control group (21.0±2.2, 6.1±2.3), SDF-1＋1mg/L AMD3100mixed group (18.5±8.4, 8.5±2.8) and AMD3100group (12.1±3.2, 2.1±1.0) detected by transwell chamber experiment. However, there were no statistical differences between three groups.   Conclusion   The biological axis SDF-1/CXCR4 can promote the proliferation, migration and invasion in colorectal cancer cell line SW480. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Expression of EGFL-7in Brain Tissue of Type 2Diabetic Rats and the Adjusting Function of Amioguanidine and Baicalein WANG Qiong,LI Hui mian 2014, 42 (11):  1066-1068 .  Abstract ( 539 )   PDF (308KB) ( 2886 )   [Abstract]???Objective???To investigate the expression of epidermal growth factor-like domain7(EGFL-7) in brain tis? sue of diabetes mellitus (DM) rats, and the intervene effect of amioguanidine and baicalein thereof.??Methods???Forty-eight SD rats were randomly divided into following four groups: control group, diabetic group, aminoguanidine group and baicalein group (n=12for each group). The control group received only pelleted food and water. Diabetic group, aminoguanidine group and baicalein group were given high fat and sugar diet in combination with small dose of intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin to establish the diabetic model. And then aminoguanidine group and baicalein group were given aminoguanidine and baicalein150mg/(kg·d) through oral gavaging. Diabetic group and control group were given equivalent saline through oral gavaging. After16-week treatment, the expression of EGFL-7proteins in rat brain was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting methods.??Results???Results of immunohistochemistry and Western blotting assay showed that the expression of EGFL-7was significantly increased in diabetic group, aminoguanidine group and baicalein group compared with that of control group (P<0.01). When compared with diabetic group, the expression of EGFL-7was significantly decreased in aminoguanidine group and baicalein group (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the EGFL-7expression between aminoguanidine group and baicalein group (P>0.05).???Conclusion????EGFL-7may play an important role in cerebral vascular hyperplasia and remodeling of diabetic rats. Aminoguanidine and baicalein restrained cerebral vessel growth by reducing the expression of EGFL-7. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Stromal Cell-Derived-Factor-1on Endothelial Progenitor Cells of Peripheral Blood and Their Relationship with PI3K/AKT Signal Transduction Pathway in Patients with Diabetes LI Jin feng,LIN An hua,DENG Ying,HUO Ya’ nan,LIU Jing dong,WU Ming bin,WANG Chen xiu 2014, 42 (11):  1069-1072 .  Abstract ( 485 )   PDF (373KB) ( 2820 )   [Abstract]   Objective  To observe the effects of stromal cell-derived-factor-1(SDF-1) on the function of endothelial progenitor cells（EPCs）of peripheral blood in patients with diabetes, and to discuss the effects of PI3K/AKT signaling path?way on the role of SDF-1in EPCs. Methods   The peripheral blood samples (30mL) were collected in10diabetes patients (DM group) and 10healthy controls (HC group). (1) The 100μg/L SDF-1was added in intervention group. EGM-2MV was added in non-intervention group. The Boyden chamber and in vitro angiogenesis kit were used to analyze the migration and in vitro angiogenesis of EPCs. (2) Cultured EPCs were divided into blank control group, 1μg/L SDF-1group,10μg/L SDF-1group,100μg/L SDF-1group, pure AMD3100group and100μg/L SDF-1+AMD3100group. AKT protein expression lev?els of endothelial progenitor cells were detected by Western blot assay in each group.  Results   (1) Without intervention with SDF-1, EPCs’migration and angiogenesis ability were lower in DM group than those in HC group. After intervention with SDF-1, the migration and angiogenesis ability were enhanced in two groups, but the increased level was higher in DM group than that of HC group. (2) Under the same concentration, AKT protein expression level was significantly lower in DM group than that in HC group (P<0.01). AKT protein expression levels were increased with the increased levels of SDF-1in DM group and HC group (P<0.05). AKT protein expression was significantly lower in 100μg/L SDF-1+AMD3100group than that of 100μg/L SDF-1group (P<0.05). Conclusion   SDF-1can increase the chemotactic migration and angiogenesis ability of EPCs in peripheral blood, especially for patients with diabetes. The effects of SDF-1on EPCs were related to the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Related Articles | Metrics

Experimental Study

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The Effects and Mechanism of Lidocaine on Evoked-Bursting Firing of Injured Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons SUN Tao 1,2,SONG Ying 3,LEI Zhen 4 2014, 42 (11):  1073-1075 .  Abstract ( 484 )   PDF (486KB) ( 2754 )   [Abstract]   Objective   To study the effects and current mechanism of low concentration of lidocaine on evokedbursting (EB) firing of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in rat model of chronic compression (CCD) of DRG．  Methods   Twenty-four SD rats were divided into normal control group (n=12) and CCD model group (n=12). CCD group was treated with chronic oppression on L4 and L5 DRG with L shape bar. Normal control group received no treatment. In vivo intracellular recording was used to record the incidence of EB and the effect of lidocaine on subthreshold membrane potential oscillation (SMPO). Patch clamp recording was used to record the effect of lidocaine on persistent sodium current (INaP).   Results   The incidence of EB increased in CCD group( 45.97%, 57/124), which was significantly different when compared with normal group (χ2=26.810, P < 0.01). The magnitude of SMPO, INaP and EB were inhibited in a reversible way by lidocaine (50μmol/L).   Conclusion   The low concentration of lidocaine might play an analgesic effect in peripheral nervous system by selectively inhibiting INap, which participates in SMPO formation. Related Articles | Metrics

实验研究

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Preliminary Construction of Tissue Engineering Nucleus Pulposus Combining Silk Fibroin Porous Scaffold with Rabbit Nucleus Pulposus Cells ZHAO Jia ning1,XU Bao shan2,ZENG Chao 1,YANG Qiang 3,MA Xin long2,ZHANG Chun qiu4,LI Xiu lan2,ZHANG Yang 2 2014, 42 (11):  1076-1079 .  Abstract ( 477 )   PDF (492KB) ( 2897 )   [Abstract]   Objective   To investigate the feasibility of construction of tissue engineering nucleus pulposus by com? bining the novel silk fibroin porous scaffold with PKH26 labeled rabbit nucleus pulposus cells.   Methods   Rabbit nucleus pulposus cells were isolated and cultured, then the passage 1 nucleus pulposus cells were stained with safranin O and typeⅡcollagen immunohistochemical staining. The isolated rabbit nucleus pulposus cells were labeled with PKH26. MTT assay was used for examining the proliferation of the nucleus pulposus cells before and after labeling. Labeled cells were inoculated in the scaffold, cultured for 4 days and then the cell-scaffold complexes were implanted subcutaneously into nude mice. After 12 weeks of in vivo culture, the cell-scaffold complexes were detected by in vivo imaging technology, H & E staining, toluidine blue staining, safranin O staining and collagen type Ⅱ immunohistochemical staining.   Results   Safranin O staining and type Ⅱ collagen immunohistochemical staining of the passage 1 nucleus pulposus cells were positive. The fluorescence intensity of labeled cell was distributed, and the difference of OD value of nucleus pulposus cells was not statistically significant before and after labeling (P > 0.05). The in vivo imaging technique showed a strong fluorescencea in porous scaffold. H &E staining of cell-scaffold complexes showed that the scaffolds were filled with a large number of nucleus pulposus cells and large amount of extracellular matrix. Toluidine blue staining, safranin O staining and type Ⅱ collagen immunohisto?chemical staining were positive, and large amount of extracellular matrix was secreted around the cells.   Conclusion   The new silk fibroin porous scaffold with rabbit nucleus pulposus cells in vivo culture formed nucleus pulposus like tissue, which can be used for construction of tissue engineering nucleus Related Articles | Metrics

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The inhibitory effect of Dendritic Cell Tumor Vaccine Induced by Astragalus Polysaccharides on the expression of cytokines Th1/Th2 in S180 Tumor-bearing Mice JING Xue ning1,QIU Bo 2,WU Ji biao1,ZHAN Wen xiang1 2014, 42 (11):  1080-1083 .  Abstract ( 459 )   PDF (347KB) ( 2945 )   [Abstract]   Objective   To study the antitumor effects of dendritic cell vaccine induced by astragalus polysaccha? rides on S180 tumor-bearing mice, and its possible mechanism.   Methods   Dendritic cells derived from mouse bone marrow were induced maturation by astragalus polysaccharides and loaded with S180 tumor antigen to prepare tumor vaccine. Tumor-bearing mice were divided into four groups and treated on day-5 and day-10 respectively. Group A was injected with NS, Group B with CTX (50 mg/kg), Group C with dendritic cells induced by astragalus polysaccharides and Group D with dendritic cells induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. After 12 days of tumor-bearing, the animals were killed. The subcutaneous sarcoma, thymus and spleen were separated and weighted. The inhibitory rate, thymus index and spleen index were then calculated. ELISA assay was used to detect the levels of interleukin (IL)-4, interferon (IFN)-γ in serum of tumor bearing mice.   Results   The tumor inhibition rate was higher in astragalus polysaccharide group and cytokine group than that of CTX group (64.25%, 64.10% vs 35.11%). The thymus index was higher in astragalus polysaccharide group and cytokine group than that of CTX group (1.69 ± 0.26, 1.74 ± 0.38 vs 1.45 ± 0.22). The spleen index was higher in astragalus poly?saccharide group and cytokine group than that of CTX group (5.44 ± 0.76, 5.31 ± 0.81 vs 3.54 ± 0.52). The level of IL-4 was lower in astragalus polysaccharide group and cytokine group than that of CTX group (15.66±2.57, 14.72 ± 4.84 vs 23.95 ± 6.07). The level of IFN- γ was higher in astragalus polysaccharide group and cytokine group than that of CTX group (16.54 ± 3.71, 17.20 ± 2.03 vs 10.37 ± 2.19). All the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).  Conclusion  Dendritic cell vaccine induced by astragalus polysaccharides can effectively inhibit tumor growth. Its mechanism may be associated with the promotion spleen index and thymus index of S180 tumor-bearing mice, the effective correction of Th1/Th2 imbalance induced by tumor, and the enhancement of antitumor immune responses. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Intrathecal Injection of Opioid Compound with Low-Dose Naloxone on Pain Behavior and Blood Motilin in a Rat Model of Incisional Pain ZHAO Jun 1,GAO Bao zhu1,ZHENG Bao sen2,CAO Jun li3 2014, 42 (11):  1084-1087 .  Abstract ( 485 )   PDF (323KB) ( 2961 )   [Abstract]   Objective   To investigate effects of intrathecal injection of morphine and fentanyl combined with lowdose naloxone on the pain behavior and the expression of blood motilin (MTL) in the rat model of incisional pain． Methods   A total of 72 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats (weight 180-220 g), successfully intrathecally catheterized, were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=12 ): normal saline group (NS group), incisional pain group (P group), morphine (5 μg/kg)+ fentanyl (0.25 μg/kg) group (MFP group), morphine+ fentanyl+ naloxone (0.2 ng/kg, 1 ng/kg, 5 ng/kg) group (MFPN1, MF?PN2 and MFPN3 groups). All groups except NS group were made the model of incisional pain on the right plantar surface. At 24-hours before intrathecal cathetherization (T0), 24-hours before modelling (T1), 1-hours (T2), 3-hours (T3) , 6-hours (T4), 24 -hours (T5) , 48-hours (T6) and 72-hours (T7) after modelling respectively, paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) and paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL) were detected in right hind paw in 6 rats of each group. The other 6 rats in each group were sacrificed 6-hour after operation. The plasma expression of motilin was detected by ELISA.   Results   Compared with NS group, the PWMT was not significantly different in all time points in MFPN2 group. The values of PWTL were significantly longer at T2 and T5 in MFPN2 group than those of NS group (P＜ 0.05)． The PWMT and the PWTL were significantly decreased at T2, T3 and T4 in P and MFPN3 groups than those of NS group (P＜ 0.05)． Compared with P group, the PWMT at T6, and PWTL at T3 and T4 were significantly decreased in MFPN3 group (P<0.05). The MTL at T6 was significantly decreased in P, MFP, MFPN1 and MFPN3 groups compared with that of NS group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in MTL between MFPN2 group and NS group (P>0.05)． Conclusion   In the rat model of incisional pain, intrathecal injection of naloxone at 1 ng/kg can inhibit the down-regulation of blood motillin caused by morphine and fentanyl, and which can up-regulate the PWTL, enhancing the analgesic effects of opioids． Related Articles | Metrics

临床研究

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The Feasibility and Security of General Anesthesia for Elective Surgery in Infants with Mild Upper Respiratory Tract Infections WANG Yi ,TANG Chun chun,REN Juan juan,LI Juan ,ZHANG Chao ,ZHU Zhao qiong 2014, 42 (11):  1088-1090 .  Abstract ( 554 )   PDF (321KB) ( 2876 )   [Abstract]   Objective   To evaluate the feasibility and security of general anesthesia for elective surgery in infants with mild upper respiratory tract infections (URI).   Methods   A total of 169 cases of infants underwent general anesthesia for elective surgery, ASAⅠ orⅡ , both sexes, aged 20 days to 36 months, were divided into URI group (n = 41) and non-URI group (n = 128), according to the preoperative symptoms of URI. The general data, the perioperative and postoperative respiratory-related complications were observed and recorded.   Results   (1) There was a higher incidence rate of breath holding during the operation in URI group than that of URI group. There were no significant differences in cough, sputum, blood oxygen saturation (SpO 2) < 0.95, fever, glossoptosis between two groups. No fever was found in both groups. There was a higher incidence rate of sputum after operation in URI group. There were no significant differences in other complications including cough, SpO2 <0.95, fever, glossoptosis and incidence rate of breath holding between two groups. No laryngospasm and bronchospasm were found during operation and after operation in two groups. (2)The incidence of postoperative cough and fever increased, while the incidence rates of SpO2< 0.95 and glossoptosis were lower after operation compared with those during operation in non-URI group. In URI group, the incidence rate of postoperative fever was higher， and SpO2 < 0.95 and breath holding was lower. There were no significant differences in other complications in URI group.  Conclusion   It is feasible and relatively safe to implement tracheal intubation general anesthesia for the infants with mild URI under thorough preoperative assessment and careful operative management. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preliminary Research on the Milk Allergy Induced by High Molecular Weight Protein HOU Li ying 2014, 42 (11):  1091-1093 .  Abstract ( 621 )   PDF (346KB) ( 2834 )    [Abstract]   Objective   To investigate the allergization of milk high molecular weight proteins.  Methods   Thirty cas?es of patients with serum allergic to milk were selected. Their skin prick tests were positive. Results of serum specific IgE (sIgE) test were positive and ≥ 1 +. One case of healthy control with negative sIgE test and without history of allertgy, was included in this study. The serum samples were collected and frozen at -20 ℃. Sephadex G200 gel chromatography was used to obtain milk high molecular weight proteins. Western blot and ELISA methods were used to detect milk high molecular weight proteins and the activity of serum sIgE.   Results   Results of SDS-PAGE showed that high molecular weights proteins displayed by Sephadex G200 gel chromatography, mainly including three bands, the molecular weight of 67 ku, 80 ku and 160 ku. Western blot analysis showed that three kinds of high molecular weights proteins can react with milk allergy serum, and the most obvious appeared near the molecular weight 67 ku band. ELISA analysis showed that the positive response rate of high molecular weight proteins with milk allergic patient’ s serum was slightly higher than that of β-lactoglobulin (46.7% and 43.3%, respectively).   Conclusion  The milk high molecular weight protein components can induce specific IgE antibodies, which have important sensitization in the process of milk allergy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation Between Aldosterone and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus LI LI ping 2014, 42 (11):  1094-1096 .  Abstract ( 514 )   PDF (260KB) ( 3040 )   [Abstract]   Objective   To analyze the relationship between plasma aldosterone level and gestational diabetes melli? tus.   Methods   All subjects were divided into three groups (n=20 in each group): gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) group，pregnancy with normal glucose group， non-pregnant healthy women group. Pre-pregnant body mass index (BMI) was calculated, and fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood lipid level, Fins, HOMA-IR index, RASS, PRA, ATIi and ALD were examined besides glucose intolerance test.   Results   The plasma ALD level was significantly higher in GDM group than that of NGT group and control group（pmol/L： 1 130.15±135.45 vs 1 053.98±108.86 vs 544.31±127.97）. The plasma ALD level was positively correlated with FBG,1 h PBG ,2 hPBG， Fins , HOMA-IR and blood triglyceride (r=0.657, 0.757, 0.713, 0.429， P＜0.05)， but negatively correlated with HDL-C（r=-0.267， P=0.039）. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that plasma aldosterone was the independent risk factor of GDM.   Conclusion   RASS is excessively activated in pregnancy, which contributes to gestational diabetes mellitus. Related Articles | Metrics

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A Plot Study of Resting State-fMRI: Preoperative Localization of Epileptogenic Zone in Epilepsy with Malformations of Cortical Development ZHAO Bo feng1,JI Dong xu1,YANG Wei dong2,CHEN Zhi juan2,YU Qing 3,CAI Li 4,YIN Jian zhong1 2014, 42 (11):  1097-1099 .  Abstract ( 511 )   PDF (360KB) ( 2921 )   [Abstract]   Objective   To investigate whether resting state-fMRI (RS-fMRI) based on local consistency (ReHo), am?plitude low-frequency fluctuate (ALFF) and fALFF can add meaningful information on preoperative localization of epileptogenic zone in patients with malformations of cortical development (MCD).   Method  Ten epilepsy patients with MCD were studied with RS-fMRI using a 3.0 T scanner. The resting state data were preprocessed and analyzed using SPM8 and REST to generate the activation map. Abnormal ReHo, ALFF and fALFF related blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal changes were compared to video EEG (VEEG)， PET， MRI findings and the final result of a comprehensive evaluation-defined epileptogenic zone. For operated patients, postoperative resection and histology were compared to BOLD responses. Results The results of spike localization of RS-fMRI were consistent with VEEG, PET, MRI findings and final comprehensive evaluation-defined epileptogenic zone in 6, 8, 6, 7 of 10 investigations. Six operated patients (including two negative results of MRI examination) revealed local abnormal changes but not visible on structural MRI, which was confirmed cortical malfor?mations by pathology after operation (2 heterotopia and 4 cortical dysplasia).   Conclusion   RS-fMRI may help to delineate the epileptic focus in epilepsy patients with MCD. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical Significance of Serum TSAb and TSBAb in Children with Autoimmune Thyroid Disease HE Juan 1,LIU Ge li2,liu ting ting3,YANG Jing yan2,ZHENG Rong xiu4 2014, 42 (11):  1100-1102 .  Abstract ( 541 )   PDF (256KB) ( 3023 )   [Abstract]   Objective   To study clinical value and significance of thyroid receptor stimulating antibody (TSAb) and thyroid stimulating- blocking antibody (TSBAb) on diagnosis and treatment for children with Graves’ disease (GD) and Hashimoto’ s thyroiditis (HT).   Methods   Eighty-eight children with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and treatment time less six months were divided into GD group (n=55) and HT group (n=33). Thirty-eight healthy children were used as control (Normal group). Human serum TSAb ELISA kit and human TSBAb ELISA kit were used to detect the serum TSAb and serum TSBAb in three groups. The serum levels of TSAb and TSBAb were compared between three groups. The correlation between TSAb and TSBAb, TSAb/TSBAb and free triiodothyronine three (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), ultra sensitive thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were analyzed.   Results   The serum level of TSAb was significantly higher in GD group than that of HT group and Normal group (P<0.05). The serum level of TSBAb was significantly higher in HT group than that of Normal group (P<0.05). There was no significant correlation between serum TSAb and serum TSBAb (P>0.05). There were no significant correlation between serum TSAb, TSBAb and FT3, FT4, TSH (P>0.05).   Conclusion   TSAb and TSBAb are related to the pathogenesis of GD and HT in children. TSAb and TSBAb have an important clinical value in the diagnosis and treatment for children with GD and HT. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical Distribution and the Detection of Multiple Drug-Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii Efflux Pump Genotypes SUN Jing na 2014, 42 (11):  1103-1105 .  Abstract ( 516 )   PDF (339KB) ( 2951 )   [Abstract]   Objective   To study the clinical distribution and detection of the efflux pump gene in multiple drug-re? sistant acinetobacter baumannii.   Methods   The clinical distribution of 96 strains of multiple drug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii was analyzed. K-B method was used to detect 96 strains of multi resistant bauman resisted to 15 kinds of antibiotics. PCR amplification was used to detect the efflux pump gene.   Results   Ninety-six strains of multiple drug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii mainly distributed in intensive care unit (ICU, 54.2%) and respiratory department (18.8%). The drug resistance rates to quinolone, cephalosporins, amino glucoside, tetracycline were above 70%. The 52 strains of multiple drug -resistant acinetobacter baumannii detected in ICU included 18 strains of adeB (34.62%), 16 strains of adeR (30.77%),18 strains of adeS (34.62%), 18 strains of adeJ (34.62%), 0 strain of adeE and18 strains of adeM (34.62%). The18 strains of multiple drug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii detected in respiratory department included 9 strains of adeB, 8 strains of adeR, 8 strains of adeS, 8 strains of adeJ, 0 strain of adeE and 8 strains of adeM.   Conclusion   Efflux pump genes are important factors for multiple drug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii distributed in ICU and respiratory department. Related Articles | Metrics

应用研究

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Effects of Enteral Nutrition on Clinical Curative Effect in Elderly Patients with Severe Craniocerebral Diseases LIU Rui dong 2014, 42 (11):  1106-1108 .  Abstract ( 526 )   PDF (340KB) ( 2835 )   [Abstract]   Objective   To investigate the best time to establish the enteral nutrition (EN) in elderly patients with se? vere craniocerebral diseases.   Methods   Eighty-one elderly patients were divided into groups A, B and C. The EN support  were given 24 h, 25-48 h, and 49-72 h after surgery. Changes of serum biochemical indexes, complications and GCS score were detected and statistical analysed.   Results   The serum levels of albumin and hemoglobin were significantly increased in group B than those of group A and group C. The total number of lymphocytes was significantly higher in group A and group B than that of group C (P＜ 0.05). The amount of diarrhea was significantly fewer 7-day after operation in group B than that of group A (3.6% vs 26.9%). The amount of stress ulcer was significantly fewer in group B than that of group C (0 vs 22.2%). The amounts of lung infections (10.7% vs 38.5%) and stress ulcer (3.6% vs 25.9%) were significantly fewer 14-day after operation in group B than those of group A. The scores of GCS were significantly higher 14-day after operation in group B than those of group A and group C (10.2±1.3 vs 9.5±1.2 vs 9.4±1.2, P＜ 0.05).   Conclusion   The establishment of EN support 25to 48 hours after surgery may meet the need of nutritional and metabolic support, reduce complications, be conducive to the consciousness recovery in elderly patients with severe craniocerebral diseases. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Impact of PET-CT on Precise Radiotherapy Planning for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer ZHANG Fang 2014, 42 (11):  1109-1111 .  Abstract ( 502 )   PDF (287KB) ( 2819 )   [Abstract]   Objective   To investigate the impact of PET-CT on the target volume delineation and precise radiothera? py planning for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).   Methods   PET-CT scanning was performed in 30 histologically proved NSCLC patients. The gross tumor volume (GTV) was delineated, and radiotherapy planning was established with identical parameters based on the CT image and PET-CT fused image, respectively. The differences of doses between GTV, planning target volume (PTV) and organsat rise (OAR) were compared.   Results   PET-CT image results changed the target volume delineation in 30 patients with 8 increased and 22 decreased. There were no differences in GTV and PTV between the VGTV and VPTV statistically, although PET-CT image changed conventional CT image size sketch of GTV and PTV. The V20 of total lung decreased in the PlanPET- CT compared with that of PlanCT (P < 0.05), but no differences were found in the V30 of total lung, mean lung dose (MLD), the data of spinal cord, esophagus and heart.   Conclusion   PET-CT may reduce the radiation injuries in the lung and improve the target dose. Related Articles | Metrics

临床研究

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The Preliminary Study of the Relationship between IL-6,IL-10,TNF-α and Coronary Artery Disease Dong Jun 1,JIANG Hua 2,CHEN Shu tao1 2014, 42 (11):  1112-1113 .  Abstract ( 452 )   PDF (246KB) ( 2847 )   [Abstract]   Objective   To study the relationship between coronary artery disease (CHD ) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), TNF-α and IL-10.   Methods   Patients with CHD were included in CHD group (n=628) and patients without CHD con?firmed by coronary angiography were selected in control group (n=540) . The recorded data included age, body mass index (BMI) and serum levels of glucose (GLU), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLC) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C). Meanwhile serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10 were determined by ELISA.   Results   Serum levels of BMI, LDL-C, TG were higher in CHD group than those in control group（P < 0.01）. The serum level of HDL-C was significantly lower in CHD group than that in control group（P < 0.01）. Serum levels of IL-6（P <0.05）and TNF-α（P <0.01） were higher in CHD group than those in control group. The serum level of IL-10 was significantly lower in CHD group than that in control group（P <0.01）.   Conclusion   IL-6 and TNF-α are involved in the development of CHD. IL-10 can inhibit inflammation and protect vessel integrity Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Red Cell and Plasma Protein Parameters on Early Progression and Prognosis of Cerebral Infarction LU Hui 2014, 42 (11):  1114-1117 .  Abstract ( 423 )   PDF (319KB) ( 2835 )   [Abstract]   Objective   To study the effect of red cell and plasma protein parameters on progression, prognosis and recurrence of cerebral infarction.   Methods   Clinical data from 105 patients with cerebral infarction were analyzed. The patients were divided into four paired groups: progressive stroke group and complete stroke group, short-term favorable prognosis group and short-term unfavorable prognosis group, long-term favorable prognosis group and long-term unfavorable prognosis group, relapsed cerebral infarction group and not relapsed group by different criterion. The red cell and plasma protein parameters were compared between groups.   Results   There were significantly higher mean corpuscular volume（fL： 85.92±4.50 vs 83.79±4.64， t=2.164， P < 0.05）, red cell distribution width（fL： 13.50±2.45 vs 11.90±2.90， t=2.694， P < 0.01）, globulin（g/L ： 27.46±4.33 vs 24.79±4.03， t=3.029， P < 0.01） and lower albumin（g/L ： 39.00±3.86 vs 42.89±4.45， t=4.242， P <0.01） in progressive stroke group than those of complete stroke group. The elevated red cell distribution width, reduced albumin were the risk factors of progressive stroke. In the short-term unfavorable prognosis group, red cell distribution width was significantly higher than that in short-term favorable prognosis group（fL： 13.90±2.45 vs 12.00±2.12，t=2.905， P < 0.01）. The red cell distribution width was positively correlated with mRS scores assessed 3 months and 18 months after cerebral infarction(P < 0.01).   Conclusion   Progressive stroke rate increases in cerebral infarction patients with elevated red cell distribution and reduced albumin; Red cell distribution width has a certain reference value for forecasting the prognosis of cerebral infarction . Related Articles | Metrics

应用研究

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Incidence of C-Shaped Root Canal Systems in Mandibular Second Permanent Molar and the Effect of One-Visit Root Canal Treatment TAN Xiao bing,XU Jing shu,XIAO Yan 2014, 42 (11):  1118-1120 .  Abstract ( 429 )   PDF (340KB) ( 3023 )   [Abstract]   Objective   To investigate the incidence of C-shaped root canal systems in mandibular second perma? nent molar of patients in the First People’ s Hospital of Yunnan Province, and compare the success rate between one- and two-visit root canal treatment.   Methods   Two hundred and sixty mandibular second molars were recruited from the patients in the department of endodontics of our hospital, and teeth with C-shaped root canal were categorized by using radio?graphic classification criteria and the modified Melton’ s method. Teeth with C-shaped root canal systems were then randomly divided into two groups to receive one- or two-visit root canal treatment, and success rates of 6-month post-operation were compared between two groups.   Results   Eighty out of 260 mandibular second molars exhibited C-shaped canals (30.77%). Radiographic examination showed that 25 teeth belonged to type Ⅰ (31.25%), 32 teeth type Ⅱ (40.00%) and 23 teeth type Ⅲ (28.75%) in two groups. As for modified Melton’ s method, the incidence rates were 21.25%, 48.75%, 16.25% and 13.75% for C1,C2,C3a and C3b, respectively, while C4 was not found. The success rates were 78.94% (30/38) and 81.08% (30/37) for A group and B group, respectively, with no statistically significant difference between two groups (78.94 vs 81.08, P > 0.05).   Conclusion   Results indicate a frequent incidence of C-shaped root canal system of mandibular permanent second molars in our hospital. One-visit root canal treatment is an effective way for treating C-shaped canals in mandibular permanent second molar. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Clinical Analysis of Transurenthral Resection Therapy for Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer WANG Cheng cheng1,SUN Xiao ling1,WU Chang li2 2014, 42 (11):  1121-1123 .  Abstract ( 447 )   PDF (263KB) ( 2915 )   [Abstract]    Objective   To compare the transurenthral resection to radical cystectomy on muscle invasive bladder cancer, and to explore the factors affecting the prognosis.   Methods   Data of 74 patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer were retrospectively analyzed. There were 38 cases underwent radical cystectomy (group A), and were treated with intra?venous chemotherapy after operation. There were 36 cases underwent transurenthral resection (group B), and were treated with intravenous and urinary bladder irrigation chemotherapy. All patients were followed up 61 (5-91) months. Data were compared between two groups including duration of surgery, intraoperative blood loss, the cumulative length of hospital stay, cancer recurrence rate and 5-year survival rate . The factors may affecting the prognosis in patients were collected and ana?lyzed by the Log-rank univariate and Cox multivariate analyzed. Results   The values of operation time, intraoperative blood loss and the cumulative length of hospital stay were significantly lower in group B than those of group A (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in cancer recurrence rate and 5-year survival rate between two groups (P > 0.05). Results of the Log-rank univariate analysis showed that the tumor size ≥5 cm and T3 stage were the important factors of 5-year relapsefree survival rate and 5-year overall survival rate. Results of the Cox multivariate analysis showed that the tumor size≥5 cm(RR=3.687, 95%CI:1.913-7.105, P＜ 0.001) was the important factor of recurrence in patients after operation. T3 stage (RR=3.325, 95%CI:1.437-7.695, P=0.005) and tumor size ≥5 cm (RR=5.017, 95%CI:2.440-10.317, P=0.002) were the risk factors of the 5-year overall survival rate.   Conclusion   The transurenthral resection with intravenous and urinary bladder irrigation chemotherapy deserves recommendation for the treatment of muscle invasive bladder cancer. Tumor size ≥5 cm and T3 stage are the important factors for the prognosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of Efficacy of Three Methods to Deal with Hydrosalpinx before in vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer LU Jing yuan,XU Wen jian 2014, 42 (11):  1124-1126 .  Abstract ( 665 )   PDF (415KB) ( 2960 )   [Abstract]   Objective   To compare three different curative effects on hydrosalpinx before in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET).   Methods   Patients receiving IVF-ET between January 2011 to December 2013 (n=731) due to tubal factor infertility (hydrosalpinx) were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were divided into four groups. Embolization group underwent fallopian tube embolization (n=257). Colostomy group underwent laparoscopic tubal umbrella end colosto?my (n=193). Excision group underwent laparoscopic tubal excision(n=198). Control group did not undergo any effusion before transplantation (n=83).   Results   Comparing main indicators of ovarian hyperstimulation (the number of antral follicles, the dosage of gonadotropin (Gn), the number of retrieved oocytes), indicators were better in embolism group, colostomy group and control group than those in excision group. Comparing main indexes of IVF-ET (embryo implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, abortion rate), indicators were better in embolism group, excision group than those in colostomy group while indi?cators in colostomy group were better than those in control group. The pregnancy rate in fallopian tube was the lowest in em?bolism group and excision group, and the highest in control group.   Conclusion   All three methods of processing hydrosal?pinx before transplantation ended with positive impact on IVF-ET, and fallopian tube embolization has certain advantages over the other two treatment measures. Related Articles | Metrics

诊断技术

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Diagnostic Value of TI-RADS Stratification in Different Ages of Thyroid Nodule Patients zhang tan ,ZHANG Sheng ,XIN Xiao jie,WANG Xiao qing,YANG Fan 2014, 42 (11):  1127-1129 .  Abstract ( 601 )   PDF (296KB) ( 2946 )   [Abstract]   Objective   To explore the applied value of thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TI-RADS) stratification in diagnosing thyroid nodules in patients with different ages． Methods   A total of 527 patients with thyroid nodules (aged 26-65) were divided into four groups: aged 26-35 group, aged 36-45 group, aged 46-55 group and aged 56-65 group. TI-RADS was used to evaluate patients in four groups. The results of TI-RADS were compared with the pathologic diagnostic analysis.   Results   For the low aged groups (aged 26-35 group and aged 36-45 group), the positive predictive value, the negative predictive value and accuracy rate were more than 90%. With regard to the patients aged 46-55, the positive and negative predictive values and accuracy rate were 81.5%, 87.5%, and 81.9%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values, accuracy rate were 76.6%， 88.8% and 77.9% for patients aged 56-65 group． The diagnostic rate of TIRADS in patients with thyroid lesions was lower in aged 56-65 group than that of other groups.   Conclusion   TI-RADS method is affected by age. The diagnostic rate is lower in the high age group than that of the low age group. Related Articles | Metrics

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Values of High Frequency Linear Array Probe Combined with Endoluminal Convex Array Probe in Diagnosis of Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion JIANG Wei 2014, 42 (11):  1130-1131 .  Abstract ( 713 )   PDF (662KB) ( 2921 )   [Abstract]   Objective   To assess the value of endoluminal convex array probe combined with high frequency linear array probe in diagnosis of internal carotid artery occlusion, and to improve the diagnostic accuracy rate of ultrasonography.   Methods   Patients suspected with ischemic cerebrovascular disease (n=490) were examined by carotid ultrasound. First, suspicious patients with carotid artery occlusion were selected using high-frequency linear array probe, then screen results were confirmed by endoluminal convex array probe and compared with previous results in those patients.   Results   Sixty eight patients， who were suspected of internal carotid artery occlusion， were screened out by high-frequency linear array probe. Results were re-examined by endoluminal convex array probe, 42 patients were diagnosed as internal carotid artery occlusion, 19 patients were diagnosed as severe stenosis as the internal carotid artery and 7 patients were diagnosed as ca?rotid artery tortuosity with no significant stenosis. Conclusion   Endoluminal convex array probe is an effective complement for internal carotid arterial inspection when it combines with high-frequency linear probe. It can improve the diagnostic accuracy rate of degree and the range in internal carotid artery occlusion and stenosis, therefore reduce chances of misdiagnosis. Related Articles | Metrics

药物临床观察

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Effects of Adenosine and the Selective Adenosine Receptor Agonist on the Expression of Interleukin-18 in Patient with Unstable Angina LI Yong Hui,ZHANG Huan 2014, 42 (11):  1132-1134 .  Abstract ( 500 )   PDF (295KB) ( 2814 )   [Abstract]   Objective   To observe the effects of adenosine and adenosine receptor agonist on the expression of inter?leukin-18 (IL-18) in patients with unstable angina (UAP), and the mechanism of adenosine receptor agonists thereof.   Methods   Fifteen UAP and 15 healthy volunteers were included in this study. The effects of adenosine and the selective adenosine receptor agonists on the expression of IL-18 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).   Results   The lower concentration of adenosine (1-100 μmol/L) increased the expression of IL-18 in UAP group; whereas the higher concentration of adenosine (1 mmol/L) inhibited the expression of IL-18. The adenosine A1 receptor agonist and A3 receptor agonist increased the expression of IL-18, while the adenosine A2a receptor agonist inhibited the expression of IL-18. There was no significant effect for A2b receptor agonist on the expression of IL-18.   Conclusion   The lower concentrations of ade?nosine can enhance the expression of IL-18 through adenosine A1 and A3 receptors in UAP. The higher concentrations of ade?nosine can inhibit the expression of IL- 18 through adenosine A2a receptors. Adenosine can promote IL- 18 expression in lower concentrations. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Clopidogrel on Serum Vasodilator-Stimulated Phosphoprotein Phosphorylation Level in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease MA Ping 1, MA Qiao hong2,LIU Zhi jun1,QIU Yu min1,XU Qing bin1 2014, 42 (11):  1135-1137 .  Abstract ( 512 )   PDF (291KB) ( 2987 )   [Abstract]   Objective   To evaluate the changes of platelet activity before and after anti-platelet treatment in pa? tients with coronary heart disease, and their responsiveness to clopidogrel through detecting the phosphorylation levels of vasodilator stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP).   Methods   Twenty-eight cases of healthy people were selected as control group . Patients with chronic stable angina pectoris (CSA, n=95) were randomly divided into A (48 cases) group and B (47 cases) group,and were given clopidogrel 75 mg/d or 150 mg/d respectively; Patients with non ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NST-ACS, n=67) were all given 300 mg loading dose of clopidogrel at the first time, then randomly divided into C (33 cases) group and D (34 cases) group, and given clopidogrel 75 mg/d and 150 mg/d respectively. Blood were taken to examine the phosphorylation levels of serum VASP by ELISA before taking clopidogrel, at time point of loading dose and the fifth day of clopidogrel administration .   Results   Before treatment, phosphorylation levels of serum VASP were lower in A, B, C, D groups than those in the normal control group(P＜ 0.05). After treatment of clopidogrel for 5 days: ① In group A and group B ,phosphorylation levels of serum VASP did not change compared to that before treatment (P＞ 0.05). ② In group C and group D, phosphorylation levels of serum VASP were significantly increased at loading dose and the fifth day of clopidogrel administration than those before treatment (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in phosphorylation level of VASP was lower group between group C and group D after serum treatment (P > 0.05).   Conclusion     The phosphorylation level of serum VASP was lower in patients with coronary heart disease than that in normal control group. Clopidogrel can improve the phosphorylation level of serum VASP in NST-ACS patients . Related Articles | Metrics

综述

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Current Research Progress of Apelin-13 FU wan 1,TIAN Shao wen2,YOU Yong 1 2014, 42 (11):  1138-1140 .  Abstract ( 1014 )   PDF (526KB) ( 3058 )   [Abstract] Apelin is a polypeptide consisting of 77 amino acids. Apelin receptors are found to be the angiotensinlike G protein coupled receptor (APJ). Apelin/APJ system is widely distributed in the peripheral and central nervous system. Apelin-13 is one of the subtypes of Apelin, which has strong biological activity. This study reviewed the new research progress of Apelin-13 on physiological and pathological processes involved in the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, nervous system, digestive system and endocrine system. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Research Progress of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha in Multiple Sclerosis and Remyelination LEI Xu dan,XU Fei ,LI Yu hao 2014, 42 (11):  1141-1143 .  Abstract ( 444 )   PDF (275KB) ( 2874 )   [Abstract] Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is a pleiotropic inflammatory cytokine, which is produced chiefly by acti? vated macrophages. Two forms of TNF-α, soluble and transmembrane, can bind tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) 1 orTNFR2, respectively. Recently, a concept has emerged that TNF-α/TNFR pathway plays an important role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and remyelination. TNFR1 induces death of oligodendrocytes via death receptor-mediated apoptosis, which leads to demyelination or other neurodegenerative changes. However, TNFR2 has a positive effect on multiple sclerosis. It facilitates the proliferation and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells, thus promoting remyelination. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in Studies on the Effect of Incretin-Based Therapy on Cardiovascular System YU Qian ,YU De min 2014, 42 (11):  1144-1148 .  Abstract ( 498 )   PDF (344KB) ( 3310 )   [Abstract] Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the major complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which results in a high risk of mortality. Thus, the cardiovascular safety of new anti-diabetic agents has become an important problem with wide concern. There are two classes of incretine-based medications: glucagon-like peptide- 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor (DPP-4I). It has been demonstrated that GLP-1RA and DPP-4I possesse beneficial actions in both animal models of cardiovascular dysfunction and patients with ischemic heart diseases. However, their effects on the cardiovascular system in diabetic patients with heart diseases are still uncertain. Here, we sys-tematically reviewed the effects of GLP-1RA and DPP-4I on cardiovascular system to provide more evidence of incretinbased therapy application for diabetes and complications. Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in Cathepsin K Inhibitor Odanacatib CHAO Ai jun 2014, 42 (11):  1149-1152 .  Abstract ( 465 )   PDF (290KB) ( 3079 )   [Abstract] The prevalence of osteoporosis has increased during recent years. The activation in the function of osteo? clast is the main reason of osteoporosis. Cathepsin is expressed by osteoclast and involved in the degradation of collagen of bone, and causes osteoporosis. Cathepsin K is a kind of most important enzyme in the family of cathepsin. Odanacatib（ODN）is the inhibitor of cathepsin K, and it may be used to anti-osteoporosis thought inhibiting the degradation of bone collagen. It was found that the cortical thickness and bone minerals of cancellous increased after taking ODN in the studies, and then the density and the strength of bone increased. This study reviewed the pharmacological profile of ODN and the progresses of animal study and clinical trials about ODN. Related Articles | Metrics